THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 
OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 


WOLFE 

4AL  BANK   BUILDING 
ESVILLE,  VIRGINIA 


FARM  LAN! 


M. 


7.  H.Volfe, 


COL.  JOHN  BOWIE  STRANGE 

19TH  VIRGINIA  REGIMENT,  C.  S.  A. 

Killed  at  Boonesborough,  Sept.   14,  1862 

"Non  ille  patria  timidus  perire" 


MEMORIAL  HISTORY 

OF  THE 

JOHN  BOWIE  STRANGE  CAMP,  UNITED 
CONFEDERATE  VETERANS 

including  some  account  of  others  who  served  in  the 

Confederate  Armies  from  Albemarle  County 

together  with  brief  sketches  of  the 

ALBEMARLE  CHAPTER  OF  THE  UNITED 
DAUGHTERS  OF  THE  CONFEDERACY 

AND  THE 

R.  T.  W.  DUKE  CAMP,  SONS  OF 
CONFEDERATE  VETERANS 


"  No  nation  rose  so  white  and  fair ; 
None  fell  so  pure  of  crime." 


Publishing  Committee : 
C.  B.  LINNEY        CHANNING  M.  BOLTON        JOHN  Z.  HOLLADAY 


Edited  by 

HOMER  RICHEY 
Adjutant  R.  T.  W.  Duke  Camp,  S.  C.  V. 


Press  of 
THE  MICHIE  COMPANY 

Charlottesville,  Virginia 
1920 


TO  THE  ALBEMARLE  CHAPTER  OF  THE  UNITED 
DAUGHTERS  OF  THE  CONFEDERACY 

<: 

whose  fealty  and  untiring  devotion  to  our 

Camp  has  evoked  our  deepest  and  most 
lasting  gratitude,  and  without  some  account 
of  which  our  history  would  be  incomplete, 
this  volume  is  affectionately  dedicated  by 

JOHN  BOWIE  STRANGE  CAMP 


o 
o 

x. 
o 
o 
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ttl 

z 


448800 


PREFACE. 


It  is  no  mean  purpose  that  seeks  to  perpetuate  the  memory  of 
those  who  have  contributed  to  that  which  is  best  and  noblest  in 
the  moral,  intellectual  and  spiritual  uplift  of  a  community.  Be- 
lieving, therefore,  that  they  voice  the  sentiment  and  wishes  of  a 
large  number  of  the  citizens  of  Charlottesville  and  Albemarle, 
it  is  the  purpose  of  the  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp,  aided  by  the 
Albemarle  Chapter  of  the  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy  and 
the  R.  T.  W.  Duke  Camp,  Sons  of  Confederate  Veterans,  to  per- 
•petuate  in  this  memorial  volume,  not  only  the  history  of  the 
Camp  as  an  organization,  but  to  honor  the  memory  of  those 
who  wore  the  gray  by  giving  short  sketches  of  the  lives  and 
services  of  its  individual  members,  living  and  dead,  as  well  as 
some  account  of  others  who  served  in  the  Confederate  armies 
from  Albemarle  County,  though  never  actually  members  of  this 
Camp. 

To  this  end,  we  have  included,  in  addition  to  the  above,  a 
complete  roster  of  the  Camp  and  a  number  of  the  addresses  de- 
livered upon  Memorial  Day  and  Lee  Birthday  occasions  and  at 
the  dedicatory  exercises  of  the  monuments  to  Colonel  John 
Bowie  Strange  and  to  our  Confederate  soldiers. 

It  is  very  much  regretted  that  the  magnificent  monuments 
to  Robert  Edward  Lee  and  Stonewall  Jackson,  the  gifts  of  that 
noble  philanthropist;  Mr.  Paul  G.  Mclntire,  which  are  soon  to 
adorn  the  parks  presented  by  him  to  his  native  city,  are  not  yet 
in  place,  and  that  it  is  impossible,  therefore,  to  include  any  ac- 
count of  their  dedication,  or  even  cuts  thereof,  in  this  book. 

To  those  who  have  so  willingly  and  graciously  contributed 
Memorial  and  Lee  Birthday  addresses  and  sketches  for  this  me- 
morial book;  to  the  Michie  Publishing  Company  who  have  so 
generously  aided  us  in  its  publication;  and  to  Mr.  Homer  Richey 
who  has  so  painstakingly  edited  .it,  we  make  our  profound  ac- 
knowledgments and  return  our  sincere  thanks. 

In  presenting  the  book  to  the  public,  let  it  be  said  that  it  i> 


VI  PREFACE 

done  in  the  full  belief  that  the  time  will  never  come  in  the  his- 
tory of  our  Southland  when  any  effort  to  perpetuate  the  mem- 
ory of  those  who  wore  the  gray  will  need  an  apology. 

The  stately  and  costly  monuments  to  the  memory  of  our  great 
leaders,  soon  to  be  unveiled  in  our  handsome  parks,  and  our 
beautiful  Memorial  Day  exercises,  instituted  by  the  Daughters 
of  the  Confederacy,  bear  indisputable  evidence  of  our  devotion 
to  those  who  made  the  supreme  sacrifice  as  well  as  to  others  of 
our  fathers  who  have  contributed  in  large  measure  to  the  his- 
tory of  our  city  and  community. 

We  present  this  souvenir  of  a  glorious  past  trusting  that  it 
may  not  only  adorn  your  library,  but  have  an  appreciative  place 
in  your  affections. 

C.  B.  LINNEY, 
CHANNING  M.   BOLTON, 
JOHN    Z.   HOLLIDAY, 
Publication  Committee  from  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp. 

MRS.    GLASSELL    FITZHUGH, 
Miss  SALLY  DOSWELL, 
MRS.   IRWIN    SCHNEIDER, 
MRS.  J.  FULTON  WILLIAMS, 
Miss   MINNIE   MEADE, 

Historical  Committee  of  the  Albemarle  Chapter 
of  the  United  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy. 

HENRY  W.  BATTLE, 
Commander  of  the  R.   T.   W.  Duke  Camp, 

Sons -of  Confederate  Veterans. 


CONTENTS. 


PAGE 

OFFICERS  OF  JOHN  BOWIE  STRANGE  CAMP 1 

ROSTER  OF  JOHN  BOWIE  STRANGE  CAMP 2 

SKETCH  OF  Jomsr  BOWIE  STRANGE  CAMP 6 

THE  ALBEMARLE  CHAPTER  OF  THE  UNITED  DAUGHTERS  OF 
THE  CONFEDERACY 

Presidents   of   the   Chapter   11 

History    of    the    Chapter 12 

Mrs.  James  Mercer  Garnett,  sketch 17 

Miss  Sallie  J.  Doswell,  sketch 19 

Mrs.    Glassell    Fitzhugh,   sketch 21 

Charles  Beale  Linney,  a  tribute  from  the  Daughters ...  22 
THE  R.  T.  W.  DUKE  CAMP,  SONS  OF  CONFEDERATE  VET- 
ERANS, sketch 23 

SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  OF  JOHN  BOWIE  STRANGE  CAMP.  .  24 

SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING  OF  JOHN  BOWIE  STRANGE  CAMP  152 
DEDICATION  OF  MONUMENTS 

The  Monument  in  University  Cemetery 

v  Major   Robert   Stiles'   address 182 

The  Monument  in  Court  Square 

Account  of  dedication,  by  J.  H.  Lindsay 190 

Captain  Carlton  McCarthy's  speech '. 190 

Major  John  W.  Daniel's  address 192 

Congressman    McCall 192 

Reunion    and    banquet 192 

The  Monument  to  Colonel  John  Bowie  Strange 

Account  of   dedication 193 

Dr.    Battle's    prayer. .  .- 194 

Judge  R.  T.  W.  Duke's  address 195 

The  Washington    Reunion  and  the    Dedication  of  the 

Lee  Monument  at  Gettysburg 

Mr.  C.  B.  Linney's  account 203 


VI II  CONTENTS 

The  Lee  and  Jackson  Monuments  in  the  Charlottesvillc 

Parks  PAGE 

Resolutions   and   correspondence 205 

MKMORIAL  DAY  EXERCISES 

Memorial  Day,  May  30,  19 — 

Professor  Wm.  M.  Thornton's  address 208 

Memorial  Day,  May  30,  1916 

Account,  of,   from  Daily   Progress 218 

Dr.    Petrie's   prayer 219 

Rev.   H.   B.   Lee's  address 221 

Memorial  Day,  May  30,  1917 

Account   of,    from   Daily    Progress 225 

Mr.    Tucker's    prayer . 227 

Mr.    Linney's    introduction 227 

Dr.  Henry  W.  Battle's  address 228 

Memorial  Day,  May  30,  1918 

Dr.   Petrie's  prayer 231 

Mr.  Albert  S.  Boiling's  address 232 

Memorial  Day,  May  30,   1919 

Account   of   exercises 234 

Mr.   Mason's  prayer 235 

Major  Bartlett  Boiling's  address 235 

Rev.   Russell   Bowie's  address . ; ' 236 

LEE  BIRTHDAY  ADDRESSES 

Judge  R.  T.  W.  Duke's  address 238 

Dr.    George  L.   Petrie's  address 250 

Dr.  Richard  Heath  Dabney's  address 257 

Dr.  Thomas  Fitzhugh's  address 270 

APPENDIX    281 


OFFICERS  OF  JOHN  BOWIE  STRANGE  CAMP. 
1889-1919. 

COMMANDERS. 

1889-1892.  Major  General  Thomas  L.  Rosser. 

1892-1896.  Captain  J.   Mercer  Garnett. 

1897-1898.  Major  General  Thomas  L.  Rosser. 

1898-1899.  Judge  John  M.  White. 

1899-1900.  Captain  Micajah  Woods. 

1900-1901.  Major  General  Thomas  L.  Rosser. 

1901-1905.  Captain  H.  Clay  Michie. 

1905-1909.  Captain  Micajah  Woods. 

1909-1911.  C.  H.  Walker. 

1911-1913.  W.  C.  Payne. 

1913-1914.  Captain  H.  Clay  Michie. 

1914-1918.  Major  Channing  M.  Bolton. 

1918-  Bartlett  Boiling. 

CHAPLAIN. 
1889-  George  L.  Petrie,  D.  D. 

ADJUTANTS. 

1889-1890.  Colonel  C.  C.  Wertenbaker. 

1890-1891.  Major  Horace  W.  Jones. 

1891-1906.  Lieutenant  W.  N.  Wood. 

1906-1909.  Lew  Wood. 

1909-  Charles  Beale  Linney. 


[i] 


ROSTER  JOHN  BOWIE  STRANGE  CAMP. 

1889  to  1919. 
MAJOR  GENERAL. 


Thomas  L.  Rosser. 

A.  L.  Long. 

R.  T.  W.  Duke. 
A.  L.  Grigsby. 
John  W.  Mallet. 
W.  E.  Peters. 


C.  H.  S.  Baxter. 
William  N.  Berkley. 
C.  M.  Bolton. 
James  G.  Field. 
Horace  W.  Jones. 

James  Y.  Bragg. 
J.  C.  Culin. 
Eugene  Davis. 
J.  M.  Garnett. 
J.  P.  Jones. 
C.  M.  Louthan. 
L.  S.  Marye. 


BRIGADIER  GENERAL. 

COLONELS. 

C.  S.  Peyton. 
Bennett  Taylor. 
C.  S.  Venable. 
C.  C.  Wertenbaker. 

MAJORS. 

R.  F.  Mason. 
William  Peake. 
Green  M.  Peyton. 
John  D.  Watson. 

CAPTAINS. 

H.  Clay  Michie. 
William  W.  Minor. 
Thomas  R.  Price. 
S.  V.  Southall. 
C.  E.  Vawter. 
L.  Q.  Williams. 
Micajah  Woods. 


LIEUTENANTS. 


Everett  W.  Early. 
C.  D.  Fishburne. 
W.  M.  Fontaine. 
George  L.  Gordon. 
Mason  Gordon. 
Milton  W.  Humphreys. 


Eugene  O.  Michie. 
Dr.  W.  E.  Norris. 
John  D.  Watson. 
Wm.  Nathaniel  Wood 
Charles  E.  Young. 


[2] 


ROSTER   OF  CAMP 


John  William  Jones. 


CHAPLAINS. 

George  L.  Petrie. 


SURGEONS. 

C.  E.  Chancellor. 

T.  M.  Dunn. 

George   Tucker   Harrison. 


John  R.  Page. 

W.  C.  N.  Randolph. 

Archibald  Taylor. 


NON-COM  MISSIONED    OFFICERS   AND    PRIVATES. 


J.  M.  Anderson. 
J.   R.   Baber. 
J.  B.  Baker. 
James  C.  Bailey. 
R.  G.  Bailey. 
Henry  J.  Balz. 
J.  H.  Barksdale. 
W.  S.  Bashaw. 
Robert  Bass. 
J.  R.  Battaille. 
W.  S.  Beasley. 
Newton  Beckwith. 
Lewis  W.  Bellamy. 

C.  P.  Benson. 
Elwood  Beyers. 

A.  P.  Bibb. 
Jonathan  Bishop. 

D.  M.  Blain. 
J.  S.  Blake. 
Bartlett   Boiling. 
Ezra  M.  Brown. 
John  M.  Brown. 
James  R.  Bryant. 
R.  E.  Buffom. 
James  S.  Burcher. 
Smith  Burchest. 

B.  F.  Burgess. 
R.  N.  Burgess. 


W.  J.  Burke. 

D.  W.  Burnley. 

W.  R.  Burton. 

James  B.  Butler. 

R.  H.  Carr. 

John  P.  Carter. 

Robert  Christian. 

John  W.  Christmas. 

S.  S.  Clements. 

J.  N.  Clifton. 

N.  G.  Clifton. 

Judge  John  L.  Cochran. 

W.  P.  Connell. 

A.  D.  Cox. 

L.  W.  Cox. 

Thomas  J.  Craddock. 

W.  H.  Crockford. 

Thomas  M.  Crosby. 

George  W.  Culin. 

Daniel  Davis. 

Wilber  B.  Davis. 

Marshall  Dinwiddie. 

Walthall   Dinwiddie. 

R.  L.  Dobbins. 

J.  W.  Dolin. 

J.  A.  Druin. 

R.  W.  Duke. 

W.  R.  Duke. 


ROSTER  OF  CAMP 


M.  M.  DuPree. 

Frank  S.  Durrett. 

John  D.  Durrett. 

S.  M.  Edwards. 

F.  M.  Estes. 

M.  Ferneyhough. 

R.  H.  Fife. 

P.  W.  Fitch. 

W.  W.  Flannagan. 

Joseph  Frank. 

John  O.  Fretwell. 

W.  J.  Fretwell. 

J.  L.  Fry. 

P.  W.  Garland. 

John  O.  Garrison. 

H.  N.  Gianniny. 

J.  E.  Gibson. 

W.  G.  Gillispie. 

George  Walker  Gilmer. 

Willis  H.  Gooch. 

Joseph  Griffin. 

C.  H.  Guatkins. 

R.  W.  Hall. 

L.  T.  Hanckel. 

J.  F.  Harlan. 

George  W.  Harlow. 

Fred  Hartnagle. 

A.  L.  Holladay. 

John  Z.  Holladay. 

H.  M.  Hope. 

J.  S.  Hopkins. 

H.  M.  Humphreys. 

J.  N.  James. 

J.  L.  Jarman. 

E.  T.  Jessup. 

George  I.  Johnson. 

Marcellus  Johnson. 

John  R.  Jones. 


Thomas  S.  Jones. 
W.  T.  Jones. 
Wilber  J.  Keblinger. 
W.  R.  Kent. 
J.  W.  King. 
William  Lankford. 
W.  H.  Leathers. 
C.  B.  Linney. 
W.  F.  Lobban. 
J.  T.  Madison. 
Auburn  Mann. 
H.  C.  Marchant. 
P.  H.  Marshall. 
R.  A.  Marshall. 
John  G.  Martin. 
J.  W.  Martin. 
Thomas  R.  Maupin. 
N.  C.  McGee. 
James  D.  Mclntire. 
John  McKinney. 
R.  S.  Meade. 
J.  F.  Melton. 
John  P.  Melton. 
H.  B.  Michie. 
George  R.  Minor. 
James  P.  Moon. 
I.  K  Moran. 
John  H.  Morris. 
W.  M.  Morris. 
R.  A.  Munday. 
J.  M.  Murphey. 
Hugh  T.  Nelson. 
P.  W.  Nelson. 
W.  W.  Norvell. 
G.  W.  Olivier. 
Hillary   Pace. 
J.  C.  Painter. 
W.  N.  Parrott. 


ROSTER  OF  CAMP 


A.  W.  Payne. 
W.  C.  Payne. 
W.  G.  Payne. 
Georgq  Perkins. 
James  Perley. 
William  E.  Perley. 
R.  C.  Pitman. 
L.  S.  Pleasants. 
James  M.  Poates. 
W.  H.  Ponton. 
H.  D.  Potter. 
D.  J.  Purvis. 
Oscar  Rierson. 
John  A.  Rix. 
John  S.  Robson. 
T.  H.  Rothwell. 
John  A.  Shackelford. 
Z.  N.  Shackelford. 
Horace  Shiflett. 
Samuel  Siders. 
Cephas  Sinclair. 
C.  G.  Sinclair. 
George  A.   Sinclair. 
Charles  G.  Skinner. 
J.  Massie  Smith. 
J.  W.   Smith. 
Thomas  H.  Smith. 
•W.  J.  Smith. 
C.  B.  Sommerville. 
George  W.  Spooner. 


John  Spooner. 
Daniel  W.  Stratton. 
Granville  E.  Taylor. 
N.  A.  Terrell. 
W.  M.  Thomas. 
William  Beverly  Towles. 
T.  A.  Trice. 
John  J.  Utz. 
R.  C.  Vandegrift. 
C.  H.  Walker. 
W.  Dalton  Warren. 
C.  E.  Watts. 
C.  M.  Wayt. 
W.  C.  Webb. 
Joseph  X.  Wheat. 
W.  D.  Wheeler. 
Judge  John  M.  White. 
E.  W.  Wilkerson. 
J.  Edward  Williams. 
T.  J.  Williams. 

B.  B.  Wills. 
Fred  M.  Wills. 

A.  Coke  Wingfield. 

C.  H.  M.  Wingfield. 
J.  F.  Wingfield. 
Walker  M.  Wingfield. 
W.  H.  Wolfe. 

Lew  Wood. 
John  F.  Yancey. 
VV.  M.  Young. 


GLIMPSES  OF  JOHN   BOWIE  STRANGE  CAMP. 
BY  C.  B.  LINNEY. 

The  most  sanguinary  conflict  of  all  time  had  dragged  its 
slow-length  along  through  four  years  of  varying  successes  and 
defeats.  Southern  valor  and  chivalry  had  been  put  to  the  test, 
and  had  vindicated  its  right  to  supremacy.  Patriotism  had 
touched  its  highest  reach,  and  the  godly  women  of  the  South 
had  adhered  to  the  cause  with  a  tenacity  and  devotion,  demand- 
ing more  moral  courage  than  that  of  the  battle  field.  Gettys- 
burg, Antietam,  Spottsylvania  Court  House,  Cold  Harbor  and 
Shiloh  had  suffered  nothing  by  comparison  with  the  great  mili- 
tary conflicts  of  the  world,  and  the  smoke  of  the  midnight  as- 
sault on  the  Federal  lines  at  Petersburg  that  was  to  test  the  su- 
premacy of  the  contending  armies  had  scarcely  passed  away, 
when  the  curtain  was  to  fall  on  the  great  military  drama  at  Ap- 
pomattox. 

The  picture  suddenly  changes.  Through  a  rift  in  the  cloud 
the  rainbow  of  hope,  which  springs  eternal  in  the  human  breast, 
appears  to  brighten  the  sombre  scene. 

The  house  of  our  fathers  was  to  be  set  in  order.  Was  there 
to  be  any  solace  for  those  who  wore  the  weeds  of  mourning; 
could  tbe  vacant  place  at  the  fireside  ever  be  filled ;  could  time 
be  found  in  the  mighty  struggle  for  existence  to  pay  adequate 
homage  and  tribute  to  the  heroic  dead? 

The  answer  was  the  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy.  For, 
after  all,  what  is  the  Camp  without  the  Chapter?  It  is  as  the 
shadow  without  the  substance,  the  dross  in  the  crucible  after 
the  refiner  has  extracted  the  pure  gold,  and  as  the  passing  of 
the  storm,  without  the  bright  effulgence  of  the  bow  of  promise. 
Their  quick  conception  of  duty  and  privilege  evolved  and  insti- 
tuted the  beautiful  Memorial  Day  exercises  that  have  brought 
comfort  and  cheer  to  thousands  who  had  been  stricken  and  sad- 
dened by  reason  of  the  war;  while  the  Lee  Birthday  celebra- 
te] 


SKETCH    OF   CAMP  7 

tions,  with  their  delightful  social  features,  have  ever  been  the 
inspiration  and  charm  of  the  veterans.  Their  manifold  and 
continuous  charities  have  brightened  the  life  of  many  a  poverty- 
stricken  follower  of  Lee,  and  the  remnants  of  Lee's  army,  in- 
spired by  their  lofty  patriotism,  have  not  been  unmindful  of  the 
trust  and  obligation  to  the  sacred  dead,  committed  to  their 
keeping.  All  over  our  Southland  they  assembled  to  devise 
means  and  plans  to  perpetuate  the  memory  of  the  heroic  cham- 
pions of  constitutional  rights.  Stately  and  costly  monuments 
have  been  erected  on  court  greens  and  in  the  cities,  bearing 
silent  'but  eloquent  tribute  to  the  virtues  of  those  who  paid  the 
supreme  sacrifice. 

Confederate  camps  were  organized  in  every  community. 
John  Bowie  Strange  Camp  was  among  the  first  to  respond  to 
the  call  and  was  number  fourteen  in  the  list  of  camps.  The 
organization  was  effected  August  22nd,  1889,  in  the  quaint  old 
Court  House  on  the  Square,  Albemarle's  court  of  justice  and 
mercy,  twin  attributes  of  our  Maker,  and  by  which  we  are  to 
be  judged  at  the  great  assize.  It  was  a  notable  gathering.  All 
branches  of  the  service  were  represented.  Major  General 
Thomas  L.  Rosser,  the  brave  and  intrepid  cavalryman,  was 
chosen  Commander.  Dr.  George  L.  Petrie,  whose  able  Gospel 
sermons  and  godly  life,  and  whose  tender,  loving  ministration 
in  the  field  and  in  the  camp  had  endeared  him  to  the  heart  of 
every  soldier,  was  elected  Chaplain.  The  University's  contribu- 
tion was  a  Mallet,  Humphreys,  Price,  Venable,  Harrison, 
Towles,  Fontaine,  Peters,  Garnett,  Davis  and  Page,  a  galaxy  of 
names  which  has  brought  prestige  and  honor  to  that  distin- 
guished institution  of  learning,  and  soldiers  all,  no  less  re- 
nowned in  war  than  in  the  field  of  letters.  Then  there  was  the 
brave  and  fearless  Colonel  R.  T.  W.  Duke,  of  the  Forty-sixth 
Regiment,  who  was  honored  with  the  First  Lieutenant  Com- 
mander's place  in  the  organization.  The  fearless  leader  of  the 
Fifty-sixth  Infantry,  Colonel  A.  J.  Griggsby,  a  master  of  the  art 
of  "cussing,"  whom  General  Jackson  denominated  the  emphatic 
Griggsby,"  was  another  of  the  original  members.  Others  had 
been  members  of  A.  P.  Hill's  "Bloody  Thirteenth  Regiment,"  a 


8  SKETCH    OF   CAMP 

regiment  whose  flag-bearer  was  seven  times  severely  wounded  in 
as  many  battles,  and  who  returned  each  time  to  take  his  flag. 
But  we  pause,  lest  there  be  no  place  for  that  indispensable  ele- 
ment of  the  service,  the  private  soldier,  whose  heroic  deeds  are 
seldom  perpetuated  in  bronze  or  marble,  notwithstanding  he 
shed  his  blood  by  thousands  on  many  a  gory  field  "to  lift  one 
hero  into  fame." 

But  it  is  the  social  feature  of  the  Camp  that  has  ever  been 
its  chief  delight  and  pleasure.  With  so  interesting  a  theme, 
and  with  many  of  its  members  adepts  in  the  art  of  speaking, 
the  Camp  has  repeatedly  enjoyed  addresses  from  its  own  and 
visiting  speakers. 

Would  you  see  the  Camp  at  its  best.  Lee's  Birthday  has  ar- 
rived. The  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy  have  extended  a 
gracious  and  insistent  invitation  to  the  Camp  to  be  present  at 
the  exercises.  The  Adjutant  has  exhausted  his  vocabulary  to 
find  words  that  would  adequately  express  the  gratitude  of  the 
members  for  these  frequent  manifestations  of  their  kindness 
and  regard.  The  veterans  have  donned  their  best  military  at- 
tire, and  are  entering  the  hall,  their  breasts  swelling  with  con- 
scious pride  and  pleasure  as  they  pass  the  long  line  of  the 
Daughters'  reception  committee.  They  are  seated,  and  the 
Chaplain  has  invoked  the  divine  blessing  on  the  occasion.  The 
orator  of  the  day  has  been  introduced  and  is  discoursing  elo- 
quently of  the  virtues  and  military  genius  of  the  great  com- 
mander. The  luncheon  has  been  announced,  and  the  smiling 
and  aged  veterans  are  feasting  on  viands  and  delicacies  "found 
in  king's  palaces."  The  luncheon  over,  they  repair  to  the  hall, 
where  the  thrilling  events  and  stories  of  the  war  are  to  be  re- 
produced. The  first  speaker  has  seen  much  of  the  erstwhile 
actors  in  the  mighty  conflict,  but  with  mock  modesty  has  lit- 
tle to  tell.  The  second  speaker  has  seen  little  but  relates  much. 
His  vivid  imagination  has  full  sway,  and  he  is  picturing  battle 
fields  so  realistic  and  lifelike  that  you  can  almost  imagine  you 
are  in  the  midst  of  the  fight.  The  stories  over,  music,  the  poet's 
song,  the  lover's  theme  and  the  soldier's  inspiration  on  the  field 
of  battle,  begins.  Albemarle's  prima  donnas  have  reproduced 


SKETCH    OF   CAMP 

"Maryland,  My  Maryland"  and  ''Home  Sweet  Home;"  and  the 
inspiring  notes  of  "Dixie"  have  scarcely  died  away  when 
"Tenting  To-night  on  the  Old  Camp  Ground"  is  concluding  the 
program. 

Your  veteran  has  now  assumed  an  easy  nonchalant  attitude. 
His  head  is  slightly  inclined  to  the  rear.  His  eyes  are  dream- 
ily closing,  and  the  smoke  of  his  Havana  is  shaping  fantastic 
figures  in  the  air,  while  his  foot  is  keeping  perfect  time  with 
the  music.  His  summum  bonuni  has  been  reached,  and  such 
ecstatic  joy  is  seldom  seen  this  side  the  great  white  throne. 

Again  the  picture  changes.  These  gray  hairs,  beclouded  vi- 
sions, and  faltering  steps  are  indisputable  evidences  that  our 
Camp,  which  we  so  highly  prize  and  honor,  will  soon  be  a  thing 
of  the  past;  grim  reminders  that  we  shall  soon  come  to  the 
parting  of  the  way  and  the  crossing  of  the  bar,  and  that  the 
places  which  now  know  us,  will  soon  know  us  no  more  forever. 
We  have  had  our  seasons  of  joy  and  good  fellowship,  and, 
thanks  to  the  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy  (God  bless  them), 
who  have  never  forsaken  us,  we  have  enjoyed  many  happy  oc- 
casions together.  Sorrow  has  often  mingled  with  our  joy,  as 
one  by  one  our  comrades  have  passed  over  the  river,  but 
there  has  always  been  the  silver  lining  in  the  cloud  pointing  to 
a  happy  and  joyous  reunion  hereafter.  On  every  Memorial 
Day  we  have  met  to  place  the  flower  of  our  devotion  on  the 
graves  of  our  departed  comrades,  and  each  recurring  birthday 
of  our  great  commander  has  found  us  paying  highest  tribute 
to  his  many  virtues  and  noble  character.  And  so,  today,  we 
have  reached  the  supreme  moment  in  our  history  when  we  are 
called  upon  to  put  in  substantial  and  enduring  form  our  hearts' 
best  tribute  of  praise — Our  memorial  book  dedicated  to  the 
Daughters  of  the  Confederacy. 

On  beautiful  Broadway,  New  York,  two  groups  of  Federal 
and  Confederate  soldiers  are  approaching  each  other.  Greet- 
ings are  exchanged,  for  soldiers  bear  no  animosity.  The  bat- 
tle of  Gettysburg  is  the  theme  of  converse.  The  Federals  were 
participants  in  that  world-famed  conflict,  and  bear  generous  tes- 
timony to  the  splendid  valor  of  the  Confederate  soldiers  as  ex- 


10  SKETCH    OF   CAMP 

hibited  on  that  eventful  day  Pickett's  regiments  had  been  re- 
duced to  companies ;  companies  to  squads ;  when  there  ap- 
peared on  the  Federal  front  a  mere  handful  of  Confederates, 
led  by  their  captain,  struggling  to  reach  the  wall.  His  hat  and 
sword  were  extended  above  his  head,  and  amidst  the  tumult 
and  din  of  the  battle  his  clarion  voice  was  ringing  out,  "Come 
on,  men;  come  on!  My  God,  would  you  live  forever?" 

To  the  soldier  patriot,  it  was  the  expression  of  the  intense 
emotion  of  a  soul,  on  fire  for  liberty;  to  us  of  today,  the  burn- 
ing question  of  the  hour,  "Would  you  live  forever?" 


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THE  ALBEMARLE  CHAPTER  OF  THE    UNITED 
DAUGHTERS  OF  THE  CONFEDERACY. 


"Love  Makes  Memory  Eternal." 

Presidents  of  Albemarle  Chapter  No.  1. 


'HONORARY  PRESIDENT. 
Mrs.  James  Mercer  Garnett.* 


SECOND  HONORARY  PRESIDENT. 
Mrs.   Simon  Leterman. 


PRESIDENTS. 

Mrs.   James   M.   Garnett. 
Miss   Morelle  Davis. 
Mrs.  Charles  C.  Wertenbaker. 
Mrs.  Moses  Leterman. 
Mrs.  Noah  K.  Davis. 
Miss  Fannie  Berkeley. 
.Miss  Sallie  J.  Doswell. 
Mrs.   George  W.  Olivier. 
Mrs.  Charles  C.  Wertenbaker. 
Miss  Sallie  J.  Doswell. 
Mrs.  Glassell  Fitzhugh. 


'Editor's  Note:  Mrs.  Garnett  died  December  8th,  1919,  just  after 
this  volume  went  to  the  printer.  She  was  buried  at  Middleburg, 
Maryland,  December  10th,  1919. 

[Ill 


HISTORY  OF  THE  CHAPTER. 


The  Albemarle  Chapter  of  the  United  Daughters  of  the  Con- 
federacy was  organized  May  15th,  1894,  largely  through  the 
efforts  of  Mrs.  James  Mercer  Garnett,  who  became  its  first 
president  and  afterwards  first  president  of  the  Grand  Division 
of  Virginia. 

The  organization  of  the  Chapter,  the  first  in  the  South  (six 
months  prior  to  the  Nashville  Chapter),  came  about  in  this 
way:  In  May,  1894,  the  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp,  U.  C.  \  ., 
which  had  been  organized  August  22nd,  1889,  sent  a  request, 
through  Dr.  Garnett,  to  the  ladies  of  the  Confederate  Me- 
morial Association,  of  which  Mrs  Garnett  was  treasurer,  ask- 
ing them  to  form  an  auxiliary  to  the  Camp  to  aid  in  the  care 
of  sick  and  needy  Confederate  soldiers. 

Mrs.  Garnett  laid  the  request  before  the  society  at  a  meeting 
held  at  Mrs.  C.  C.  Wertenbaker's  home,  urging  that  the  request 
of  the  Camp  be  granted.  The  -majority  of  the  society  "de- 
clined to  join  in  the  enterprise  in  any  way,  or  to  change  their 
1-lans."  Mrs.  Garnett,  undiscouraged,  wrote  a  note  to  the  Camp 
at  once,  pledging  herself  to  form  an  auxiliary  to  be  called  "The 
Daughters  of  the  Confederacy,"  and  to  interest  enough  friends 
to  begin  work  at  once  for  the  Camp.  The  Camp  accepted  her 
offer  in  a  most  cordial  note,  which  is  still  preserved,  and  she 
lost  not  an  hour  in  calling  on  those  she  felt  were  in  sympa- 
thy with  the  veterans.  Pursuant  to  her  call,  Mrs.  Xoah  K.  Da- 
vis, Mrs.  F.  H.  Smith,  Mrs.  C.  C.  Wertenbaker,  Miss  Cynthia 
Berkeley,  Miss  Gillie  Hill,  Miss  Mary  Yandegrift  and  Mrs. 
William  Southall  met  at  Professor  Garnett's  home  on  West 
Lawn,  the  15th  day  of  May,  1894,  and  organized  the  Chapter. 
Mrs.  Garnett  was  elected  President,  Mrs.  Wertenbaker,  Yice- 
President,  Miss  Berkeley,  Secretary,  Miss  Mary  Vandegrift, 
Treasurer,  and  Mrs.  Francis  H.  Smith,  Chaplain.  The  latter, 
with  Mrs.  Davis,  Miss  Hall  and  Mrs.  Southall,  formed  the 
Executive  committee. 

[12] 


HISTORY    OF    THE    DAUGHTERS  13 

In  the  absence  of  certain  ladies  who  wished  to  join  the  Chap- 
ter, the  next  meeting  was  postponed  from  June  to  October  15th 
for  adoption  of  a  formal  constitution,  by-laws  and  badge.  The 
badge,  designed  by  Mrs.  Garnett,  was  adopted  as  the  Virginia 
badge.  The  printed  by-laws  of  that  time  state  these  facts  in 
full,  and  the  minutes  of  that  October  meeting  show  that  the 
following  ladies  were  enrolled  as  charter  members : 

Misses  Cynthia,  Edmonia  and- Fannie  Berkeley,  Miss  Jose- 
phine Cox  and  her  nieces,  Misses  Mary,  Annie,  Amelia  and 
Josephine  Cox,  Mrs.  Noah  K.  Davis,  Mrs.  T.  W.  Elsom,  Mrs. 
Sophie  Eiseman,  Mrs.  James  M.  Garnett,  Mrs.  J.  H.  Gilmore, 
Mrs.  Louis  Hanckel,  Miss  Gillie  Hill,  Mrs.  Milton  Humphreys, 
Misses  Louise,  Nannie,  Jennie  and  Mary  Humphreys,  Mrs.  M. 
Kaufman,  Mrs.  Simon  Leterman,  Mrs.  Moses  Leterman,  Mrs. 
Phil  Leterman,  Mrs.  M.  M.  S.  Long,  Miss  Mary  Long,  Miss 
Lizzie  Mclntire,  Miss  Minnie  Meade,  Mrs.  W.  E.  Norris,  Mrs. 
Green  Peyton,  Mrs.  Wilson  Randolph,  Mrs.  John  R.  Sampson, 
Mrs.  Francis  H.  Smith,  Mrs.  William  Southall,  Mrs.  W.  D. 
Towles,  Mrs.  R.  C.  Vandegrift,  Misses  Rosa,  Mary  and  Lizzie 
Yandegrift,  Mrs.  Charles  S.  Venable,  Mrs.  W.  D.  Warren, 
Mrs.  Charles  C.  Wertenbaker  and  Miss  Ella  Wertenbaker. 

In  April,  1895,  the  Albemarle  Chapter,  as  the  first  in  the 
State,  exercised  the  right  of  organizing  other  chapters.  By 
February  12th,  1896,  a  division  of  twelve  chapters  was  formed, 
named  the  "Grand  Division''  in  honor  of  the  Grand  Camp  of 
the  United  Confederate  Veterans.  This  division  was  formed  at 
the  home  of  Dr.  Garnett  at  the  University.  As  but  three  chap- 
ters are  necessary  for  a  division,  it  could  have  been  formed 
six  months  earlier,  the  Newport  News  Chapter  having  been 
organized  in  May,  1895,  and  the  Petersburg  and  Roanoke  Chap- 
ters in  August  of  that  same  year.  But  as  Richmond  and  other 
chapters  were  forming  and  wished  to  take  part  in  the  first 
general  convention  at  Nashville,  the  organizing  of  the  Virginia 
division  was  delayed  that  they  might  be  included  therein. 

This  accidental  delay  led  to  the  forming  of  two  divisions  in 
the  State  in  this  way:  At  the  Nashville  Convention,  Headquar- 
ters, after  welcoming  Albemarle,  and  stating  that  a  charter  had 
been  sent  authorizing  her  to  organize  other  chapters  in  Virginia, 


14  .HISTORY    OF    THE    DAUGHTERS 

proceeded  to  authorize  Alexandria  (organized  in  1895)  to  do  the 
same  thing;  so  that  in  the  fall  of  that  year  (1896)  the  Alexan- 
dria Chapter  organized  another  division  of  three  chapters. 
However,  both  were  working  for  the  same  cause,  and  what 
seemed  at  first  a  complication  was  happily  adjusted  at  Lynch- 
burg,  the  two  divisions  meeting  there  and  uniting  under  the 
common  name,  "The  Virginia  Division."  At  this  time  sixty 
chapters  nad  'been  organized,  by  the  Grand  Division,  forty  in 
one  year  through  constant  appeals  from  Mrs.  Garnett  by  letter 
to  every  place  where  a  chapter  seemed  possible. 

On  November  llth,  1897,  when  the  U.  D.  C.  met  in  Balti- 
more, the  Grand  Division  was  enrolled  with  them,  an  accident 
having  prevented  it  being  done  a  year  before.  Mrs.  Norman  V. 
Randolph  cast  sixty-five  votes  for  the  Grand  Division,  thus  ad- 
ding about  two  thousand  members  to  the  General  Society. 

One  of  the  principal  objects  of  the  Albemarle  Chapter  is  the 
relief  of  the  unfortunate  veterans  in  the  city  and  county,  and 
although  the  number  grows  smaller  each  year,  there  are  still  a 
few  on  the  list  who  receive  their  monthly  check.  In  addition 
to  this,  well  filled  'baskets  go  to  them  at  Christmas,  and  money 
is  sent  to  those  of  the  Albemarle  veterans  who  are  in  the  Sol- 
diers' Home  at  Richmond.  Two  widows  of  veterans  have  been 
helped  and  one  is  still  on  the  list,  and  the  Chapter  owns  two 
rolling  chairs  which  are  loaned  to  invalids  who  are  unable  to 
procure  them  otherwise.  Flowers  and  fruit  are  sent  to  the  sick 
veterans  in  the  local  hospitals,  and  the  "stranger  within  the 
gates"  is  never  turned  away  if  help  is  necessary. 

While  no  war  work  was  done  by  the  Chapter  as  an  organiza- 
tion during  the  late  world-conflict,  its  members  individually 
did  their  "bit,"  and  through  the  generosity  of  the  author  of 
"The  War  Time  Dixie"  (the  words  of  which  were  composed 
by  Dr.  P.  B.  Barringer  of  the  University,  Virginia),  the  Chapter 
was  enabled  to  dispose  of  a  good  many  copies,  the  money  being 
contributed  to  war  work. 

A  check  was  sent  towards  endowing  beds  in  a  hospital  in 
Neuilly,  France,  dedicated  to  the  memory  of  Robert  E.  Lee  and 
Jefferson  Davis,  and  contributions  have  been  made  to  various 


HISTORY   OF   THE   DAUGHTERS  15 

monuments  at  home  and  in  other  states;  also  to  the  Y.  M.  C. 
A.,  District  Nurse,  Education,  Museum  and  Relief  Funds,  The 
Hall  of  Fame  Window  for  Confederate  Women  in  the  South 
(at  Washington),  the  Tablets  to  the  Dead  Alumni  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Virginia  on  the  Rotunda  portico;  and  the  greater 
part  of  the  money  for  the  Confederate  Monument  in  the  Court 
House  Square  in  this  city,  was  raised  by  the  Daughters  of  the 
Confederacy. 

Shortly  after  the  Chapter  was  organized  the  members  had 
the  pleasure  of  being  received  by  Mrs.  Stonewall  Jackson,  she 
being  at  the  time  a  guest  in  the  home  of  Dr.  Paul  B.  Barringer 
at  the  University  of  Virginia.  During  October,  1908,  when  the 
Grand  Camp  of  the  Virginia  veterans  held  its  meeting  in  Char- 
lottesville,  the  Daughters  entertained  the  veterans  and  Sons  of 
Veterans  at  a  reception  at  the  Red  Land  Club.  When  the  Dis- 
trict Convention  met  in  Charlottesville  in  1910,  the  Daughters 
were  hostesses  at  a  large  'reception  at  Madison  Hall.  And  in 
June,  1912,  when  the  University  of  Virginia  presented  bronze 
war  medals  to  the  survivors  of  the  Confederate  Alumni,  the 
Daughters  assisted  in  their  entertainment  by  giving  a  luncheon 
in  their  honor,  and  later  presented  buttons  and  small  silk  Con- 
federate flags  to  each  veteran  alumnus. 

The  Memorial  Day  celebrations  on  May  30th  of  each  year 
were  instituted  by  the  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy,  and  the 
exercises  are  always  under  their  direction.  Lee's  Birthday  is 
always  the  occasion  for  a  luncheon  by  them  for  our  town  and 
county  veterans. 

It  is  the  custom  of  Albemarle  Chapter  to  bestow  Crosses  of 
Honor  twice  during  the  year  in  connection  with  the  annual  Lee 
Birthday  celebration,  and  with  the  observance  of  Memorial 
Day  at  the  Confederate  Cemetery  at  the  University  of  Vir- 
ginia. Almost  every  Confederate  veteran  in  the  county  wears 
a  cross  received  from  this  chapter.  In  recent  years  many 
crosses  have  been  bestowed  upon  widows  and  descendants  of 
veterans  who  had  died  without  receiving  the  cross.  This  mat- 
ter was  for  a  number  of  years  in  the  hands  of  the  late  Mrs.  C. 
C.  Wertenbaker  and  since  her  death  has  been  attended  to  for 


16  HISTORY   OF   THE   DAUGHTERS 

the  Chapter  by  Mrs.  John  W.  Goss  and  Miss  Isabelle  H.  Goss. 
Numerous  rules  govern  the  bestowal  of  Crosses  of  Honor  and 
only  veterans  are  permitted  to  wear  this  emblem. 

When  a  Confederate  veteran  of  the  town  or  vicinity  answers 
the  last  call,  Albemarle  Chapter  sends  a  Confederate  battle 
flag  of  silk  to  be  laid  upon  the  casket.  The  custom,  suggested 
by  Mrs.  James  E.  Irvine,  a  member  of  the  Chapter,  and  adopted 
by  it  twelve  years  ago,  has  seemed  fitting  as  an  impartial  ex- 
pression of  the  love  and  reverence  which  the  Daughters  feel 
for  all  our  heroes  of  the  'sixties. 

To  perpetuate  the  memory  of  our  dear  old  veterans  of  '61- 
'65,  Albemarle  Chapter,  U.  D.  C.  No.  1,  is  placing  an  iron  cross 
at  the  grave  of  every  soldier  in  the  city  cemeteries.  They  have 
already  put  in  hundreds  of  them,  and  as  the  roll  is  called  and 
each  old  hero  passes  over  the  river,  this  work  will  go  on.  This 
suggestion  was  put  before  the  Daughters  by  Miss  Lizzie  Mcln- 
tire  and  Misses  Carrie  and  Sallie  Burnley,  and  is  carried  out 
by  the  committee  in  charge — Mrs.  Lawson  Turner,  Mrs.  Noble 
Sneed  and  Miss  Gillie  M.  Hill. 


The  present  (1919)  officers  of  Albemarle  Chapter  are: 

President,  Mrs.  Glassell  Fitzhugh. 

First  V ice-President,  Mrs.  J.  Cook  Grayson. 

Second  Vice-President,  Mrs.  Lawson  H.  Turner. 

Recording  Secretary,  Mrs.  John  H.  Moomau. 

Corresponding  Secretary,  Mrs.   Monte  Rea. 

Treasurer,  Mrs.  George  Perkins. 

Registrar,  Mrs.  J.  Fulton  Williams. 

Historian,  Miss  Sallie  J.  Doswell. 

Custodian  of  Crosses,  Miss  Isabelle  H.  Goss. 


MRS.  JAMES  MERCER  GARNETT 
FIRST  PRESIDENT  ALBEMARLE  CHAPTER,  U.   D.   C. 


SOME  -PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  ALBEMARLE  CHAPTER 


MRS.  JAMES  MERCER  GARNETT. 
BY  MRS.  E.  H.  MCPHERSON. 

Mrs.  James  Mercer  Garnett,  founder  and  first  president  of 
the  Albemarle  Chapter  of  the  United  Daughters  of  the  Confed- 
eracy, No.  1,  and  of  the  Grand  Division  of  Virginia,  was  born 
in  Middleburg,  Loudoun  County,  Virginia,  the  second  daugh- 
ter of  Major  Burr  Powell  Noland,  C.  S.  A.,  and  spent  her  life 
there  until  April  19,  1871,  when  she  married  Dr.  Garnett,  Presi- 
dent of  St.  John's  College,  Annapolis,  Maryland,  remaining 
there  ten  years,  before  coming  to  the  University  of  Virginia. 
Though  a  child  at  the  beginning  of  the  war,  Mrs.  Garnett  re- 
members every  event  of  those  trying  days  that  her  family  and 
friends  underwent  at  the  hands  of  the  Northern  armies  pass- 
ing through  Loudoun  and  laying  waste  all  in  their  path. 

Her  mother,  with  six  children  and  a  governess  in  her  home, 
and  her  family  servants,  had  no  protector,  but  knew  not  the 
meaning  of  the  word  fear,  even  when  facing  rough  foes  who 
rushed  into  their  home  in  the  dead  of  night  to  search  and  steal. 
After  the  battle  of  Manassas  offers  were  made  by  the  citizens 
"to  care  for  some  wounded."  Fifteen  hundred  were  sent  to 
Middleburg,  though  the  population  was  but  three  hundred,  in- 
cluding the  negroes.  The  white  men  were  all  in  the  army ;  even 
the  ministers  of  the  gospel  were  arrested  and  put  in  the  old 
Capitol  Prison  in  Washington.  Mrs.  Noland's  home  and  the 
cottage  on  the  place  were  filled  with  the  wounded ;  General 
York,  of  Louisiana,  being  one  of  them.  The  Episcopal  Church 
and  yard  next  door  were  utilized,  as  well  as  all  the  othe/ 
churches,  and  every  private  home. 

Mrs.  Garnett  remembers  the  nightly  visits  with  her  mother 
to  carry  fruits  and  cooling  drinks  to  these  poor  men.  To  those 
who  died,  a  monument,  probably  the  first  of  its  kind  in  the 
country,  was  erected  in  1866  in  Mt.  Sharon  Cemetery,  "To  the 

[171 


18  CHAPTER    PRESIDENTS 

Unknown  Dead."  On  the  tombstones  at  the  head  of  these 
graves,  arranged  in  a  circle,  are  the  names  and  states  of  those 
known.  The  lot  is  well  cared  for  and  the  graves  are  decorated 
with  flowers  and  flags  on  Memorial  Day  by.  the  Daughters  of 
the  Confederacy  and  others. 

Colonel  Mosby  and  his  men  were  frequent  visitors  at  Mrs. 
Noland's  home — a  resting  place  sometimes  between  the  north- 
ern "raids;"  and  in  Mrs.  Garnett's  hall,  among  other  Confed- 
erate pictures,  with  the  battle  flag  and  the  Virginia  flag  waving 
over  all,  is  a  fine  picture  of  Colonel  Mosby,  sent  to  her  from 
San  Francisco;  also  three  photographs  of  his  raids  inscribed  by 
him  as  follows : 

1.  " Mosby 's   Battalion    Crossing  at    Snickersville   Gap,    Vir- 
ginia, August  12,  1864." 

2.  "Mosby's    Battalion — Attack   on    Sheridan's   Train,    Berry- 
ville,  Va.,  August  13,  1864." 

3.  "Mosby's  Battalion  Returning  from  Berryville,  August  13, 
1864." 

On  the  back  of  these  pictures,  under  glass,  Colonel  Mosby 
wrote  the  names  of  his  officers ;  and  on  one  is  the  inscription : 

"Forsan  haec  olim  meminisse  juvabit — Presented  to  my  dear 
friend,  Mrs.  Kate  Noland  Garnett. 

John  S.  Mosby." 

Reared  amid  such  scenes  and  under  such  influences,  Mrs. 
Garnett  could  not  have  been  other  than  intensely  Southern  in 
her  sympathies.  Accordingly,  we  find  that  her  entire  life  has 
been  one  long  chapter  of  devotion  to  the  principles  of  the  Lost 
Cause  and  of  loving  and  untiring  service  to  the  survivors  of 
the  legions  which  followed  Lee  and  Jackson. 

Of  her  services  in  founding  the  Albemarle  Chapter,  which 
was  the  pioneer  chapter  of  the  United  Daughters  of  the  Con- 
federacy, little  need  be  said,  as  a  full  account  of  her  activities 
in  that  connection  has  been  given  in  the  historical  account  of 
that  chapter  elsewhere  in  this  book. 

Mrs.  Garnett  was  President  of  the  Albemarle  Chapter  until 
1896,  when  she  left  Virginia ;  and  of  the  Grand  Division  of  Vir- 
ginia until  1898,  when  she  declined  re-election,  introducing  a 


Miss  SALLIE  J.  DOSWELL 

HISTORIAN    AND    FORMER    PRESIDENT 

Albemarle  Chapter,  U.  D.  C. 


CHAPTER    PRESIDENTS  19 

resolution,  which  was  duly  adopted,  that,  "the  President  shall 
reside  in  the  State."  She  had,  while  President  of  the  Grand 
Division,  enrolled  it  in  the  General  Society  of  the  U.  D.  C.,  and 
as  Chairman  of  the  union  of  the  two  divisions  in  Virginia,  had 
carried  it  through  successfully,  and  so  felt  that  her  special  du- 
ties could  be  now  given  over  to  others,  though  her  interest  in 
the  Albemarle  Chapter,  which  was  especially  dear  to  her,  contin- 
ued unabated. 

She  was  made  Honorary  President  and  Custodian  of  Badges, 
which  office  she  still  holds.  She  served  several  years  as  Vir- 
ginia Historian  and  has  contributed  many  papers  and  book  re- 
views to  history.  She  was  also  "Chairman  of  History"  of  the 
General  Society  for  two  years,  the  office  now  called  "Historian," 
and  arranged  the  historical  plan  now  generally  adopted  by  the 
states.  She  has  served  continuously  on  history  committees  and 
shows  unfailing  interest  in  all  Confederate  matters.  Mrs.  Gar- 
nett  says,  "My  home  is  in  Maryland,  but  my  heart  is  in  Vir- 
ginia !" 

SALLIE  J.  DOSWELL. 
BY  MRS.  J.  FULTON  WILLIAMS. 

Sallie  J.  Doswell,  daughter  of  Major  Thomas  W.  Doswell 
(aide  to  General  William  E.  Stark  C.  S.  A)  and  Frances  Anne 
Sutton,  was  born  in  Richmond,  Virginia,  where  the  early  years 
of  her  life  were  spent.  Soon  after  graduating  from  the  Virginia 
Female  Institute,  Staunton,  Virginia,  she.  with  her  family,  re- 
moved to  the  old  Doswell  home,  "Bullfield,"  near  Hanover 
Junction,  Virginia,  now  known  as  "Doswell."  in  honor  of  her 
father. 

After  Major  Dos  well's  death  she  came  with  her  mother  and 
three  sisters  to  live  at  the  University  of  Virginia,  where  she  and 
one  sister,  Miss  Norma  Doswell,  still  reside. 

She  transferred  her  membership  from  the  Richmond  Chap- 
ter U.  D.  C.  to  the  Albemarle  Chapter,  the  history  of  which 
would  indeed  be  incomplete  without  an  honest  tribute  to  the 
whole-souled  enthusiasm  and  splendid  executive  ability,  which 
has  characterized  her  work  in  this  field. 

"Not  to  sympathize  is  not  to  understand ;"  so  it  is  but  natural 


20  CHAPTER    PRESIDENTS 

that  as  the  daughter  of  a  brave  Confederate  officer,  and  having 
spent  her  early  life  in  and  around  Richmond,  the  capital  of  the 
Confederacy,  she  came  to  us  with  an  understanding  that  has 
been  one  of  the  greatest  assets  of  the  Albemarle  Chapter  U.  D. 
C.  She  has  held  consecutively  the  offices  of  president,  vice- 
president  and  Chapter  historian.  In  1897  she  became  president 
of  the  Chapter,  succeeding  Mrs.  Fannie  Berkely  Williams.  She 
resigned  this  office  after  four  years,  but  was  induced  to  serve 
another  term  as  president  after  the  death  of  Mrs.  G.  W.  Olivier. 
She  again  resigned  the  presidency  and  Mrs.  Glassell  Fitzhugh 
was  elected  to  the  office,  Miss  Doswell  becoming  vice-president. 

During  her  terms  of  office  Miss  Doswell  had  the  privilege 
of  witnessing  the  unveiling  of  the  handsome  Confederate  Monu- 
ment on  the  Court  House  Square  and  the  beautiful  bronze  tab- 
lets on  the  north  front  of  the  University  Rotunda,  erected  by 
the  special  efforts  of  the  Ladies'  Confederate  Memorial  Asso- 
ciation. 

In  1915,  she  was  made  Chapter  historian,  when  with  the  aid 
of  the  officers  she  revised  for  publication  the  Constitution  and 
By-Laws,  and  included  a  brief  sketch  of  the  Chapter. 

Besides  her  interest  in  the  work  of  the  Daughters  of  the  Con- 
federacy, Miss  Doswell  became  a  member  of  the  Albemarle 
Chapter,  Daughters  of  the  American  Revolution,  in  which  or- 
ganization she  filled  the  office  of  historian  for  a  term  of  two 
years,  resigning  her  membership  at  the  end  of  that  period  to 
devote  herself  more  fully  to  the  duties  of  President  of  Albe- 
marle Chapter,  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy. 

She  seems  at  all  times  to  have  considered  it  a  sweet  privilege 
to  have  part  in  the  work  of  the  Albemarle  Chapter,  and  she  has 
indeed  established  true  claims  to  the  gratitude  of  its  large  mem- 
bership for  her  loyalty,  her  graciousness  and  the  wonder- 
ful results  of  her  untiring  efforts  to  keep  the  Chapter  worthy 
of  its  tradftions.  She  may  be  justly  regarded  as  the  guardian 
spirit  of  the  Albemarle  Chapter  U.  D.  C. 


MRS.   GLASSELL  FITZHUGH 

PRESIDENT  ALBEMARLE  CHAPTER,  U.  D.  C. 

Children:    Slaughter  and  Margaret 


CHAPTER    PRESIDENTS  21 

MRS.  GLASSELL  FITZHUGH. 
BY  MRS.  E.  H.  MCPHERSON. 

Orie  Slaughter  Fitzhugh,  daughter  of  the  late  Reuben  Moore 
Slaughter  and  Lucy  Watson  Turner,  was  born  in  Airmen  t 
County,  Virginia.  Her  father  was  a  brave  Confederate  sol- 
dier, serving  as  a  member  of  the  Little  Fork  Rangers  Cav- 
alry. Her  mother  died  when  she  was  an  infant  and  she  was 
reared  by  her  aunt,  Mrs.  Annie  Slaughter  Wingfield,  of  Cul- 
peper — a  lovely  woman  whose  memory  Ctilpeper  delights  to 
honor. 

Mrs.  Wingfield  was  a  charter  member  of  the  Culpeper  Chap- 
ter, United  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy,  and  it  was  through 
Mrs.  Fitzhugh's  early  association  with  this  Chapter  that  she  be- 
came deeply  interested  in  the  work.  In  1906  she  came  to  Char- 
lottesville  as  the  bride  of  the  late  Glassell  Fitzhugh.  Transfer- 
ring her  membership  from  the  Culpeper  Chapter  to  the  Albe- 
marle  Chapter,  she  has  been  a  most  enthusiastic  worker  for  the 
Daughters  and  for  the  Confederate  veterans.  In  1913  she  was 
unanimously  elected  president  of  the  Albemarle  Chapter  to 
succeed  Miss  Sallie  Doswell,  which  office  she  still  holds. 

Albemarle  Chapter  U.  D.  C.  is  among  the  largest  and  most 
influential  chapters  of  the  Virginia  Division,  and  through  the 
twenty-five  years  of  its  history  has  enjoyed  the  honor  of  a  suc- 
cession of  presidents  who  were  women  of  rare  charm  of  man- 
ner, splendid  executive  ability  and  a  deep  reverence  for  the  sac- 
rifices made  by  the  Southern  soldiers  and  their  families  for  the 
Confederate  cause.  Mrs.  Fitzhugh  has  proven  no  exception, 
and  by  her  winsome  personality  has  won  the  love  and  admira- 
tion of  those  who  are  in  touch  with  her  splendid  work. 

W'hen  Mason  Gordon  Junior  Auxiliary  Chapter  was  organ- 
ized, the  names  of  Mrs.  Fitzhugh's  small  son  and  daughter, 
Glassell  Slaughter  and  Margaret  Conway,  were  among  the  first 
enrolled. 


CHARLES  BEALE  LINNEY. 

Adjutant  of  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp. 

(A  tribute  from  the  Daughters) 

BY  GERTRUDE  MANN. 

The  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy  feel  that  their  contribu- 
tion to  this  book,  which  seeks  to  perpetuate  the  brave  deeds  of 
"our  boys  in  gray,"  who  are  members  of  the  John  Bowie  Strange 
Camp  United  Confederate  Veterans,  would  be  incomplete  with- 
out some  recognition  and  appreciation  of  the  devoted  and  self- 
sacrificing  services  rendered  by  Mr.  Charles  Beale  Linney,  Ad- 
jutant of  the  Camp. 

Mr.  Linney  came  among  us  a  number  of  years  ago  to  make 
his  home,  and  there  has  never  been  a  time  that  he  has  not  been 
manifestly  interested  in  the  "Veterans."  Since  his  election  as 
Adjutant  of  the  Camp  about  ten  years  ago  to  succeed  the  late 
Mr.  Lew  Wood,  he  has  found  no  service  too  hard  to  perform 
when  looking  after  his  comrades.  Wherever  there  is  sickness 
and  sorrow,  wherever  there  is  want,  wherever  there  is  advice  to 
be  given,  there  he  is  found  at  his  post  willing  and  anxious  to 
serve.  And  what  has  been  said  about  his  helpfulness  to  the 
"Veterans"  may  also  be  said  in  regard  to  his  cooperation  with 
the  "Daughters."  No  Memorial  Day  exercises  are  complete 
without  him,  and  at  the  celebration  of  Lee's  Birthday  he  is  al- 
ways ready  and  willing  to  lend  himself  to  the  success  of  the  oc- 
casion, and  yet  going  about  it  with  such  modest  mien  that  one 
has  to  put  together  the  many  little  acts  of  kindness  in  order  that 
they  may  see  the  whole  beautifully  blended,  and  thus  catch  the 
real  spirit  of  the  man  and  the  soldier. 

No  wonder  then  with  his  mind  so  filled  with  devotion  to  the 
cause,  and  for  those  with  whom  he  served,  that  he  should  have 
caught  "the  vision"  and  had  a  desire  to  see  recorded  the  deeds 
of  those  brave  men  who  are  so  dear  to  the  hearts  of  the  South- 
land. Phillips  Brooks  once  said,  "It  is  a  joy  to  do  something 
which  shall  not  merely  touch  the  present,  but  shall  reach  for- 
ward to  the  future,"  and  it  was  with  this  thought  in  mind  that 
Mr.  Linney  has  given  of  his  time  and  his  strength  to  get  to- 
gether the  data  for  this  interesting  and  valuable  book. 

[22] 


CHARLES  B.  LJNNEY 

Co.  D,  25TH  VA.  BAT'L'N  INF.,  C.  S.  A. 

Adjutant  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp 


R.  T.  W.  DUKE  CAMP,  SONS  OF  CONFEDERATE 
VETERANS. 

The  R.  T.  W.  Duke  Camp,  Sons  of  Confederate  Veterans, 
was  organized  Tuesday,  April  18th,  1893,  in  Charlottesville, 
Virginia,  and  named  for  Colonel  R.  T.  W.  Duke,  a  sketch  of 
whose  life  appears  in  this  volume.  The  first  officers  were: 

R.  T.  W.  Duke,  Jr.,  Commander;  James  Lindsay  Gordon, 
Lieutenant  Commander;  John  S.  White,  Adjutant;  George  R. 
B.  Michie,  Treasurer;  with  about  one  hundred  members. 

The  Camp,  with  almost  its  entire  strength,  took  part  in  the 
re-interment  of  President  Jefferson  Davis  at  Richmond,  Va., 
on  May  31st,  1893,  and  on- June  7th,  1893,  took  part  in  the  dedi- 
cation of  the  Confederate  Monument  in  the  cemetery  at  the 
University  of  Virginia,  on  which  occasion  Major  Stiles  deliv- 
ered the  address,  parts  of  which  are  contained  in  this  volume. 

The  Camp,  at  various  times  at  its  meetings,  has  been  addressed 
by  a  number  of  distinguished  soldiers.  Colonel  John  W.  Mal- 
let, Professor  of  Chemistry  at  the  University  of  Virginia,  and 
a  distinguished  officer  in  the  Ordnance  Department  of  the  Con- 
federate States,  delivered  a  very  interesting  and  instructive  ad- 
dress on  the  Ordnance  Department  of  the  Confederate  Gov- 
ernment. Professor  Milton  W.  Humphreys  of  the  University, 
spoke  on  "How  it  feels  to  go  into  a  battle." 

The  present  (1919)  officers  of  the  Camp  are: 

Commander,  Henry  W.  Battle. 
Lieutenant  Commander,  John  S.  Patton. 
Adjutant,  Homer  Richey. 
Treasurer,  W.  W.  Waddell. 

The  motto  of  the  camp  is  "Patria  et  Virtus  Patriae." 

[23] 


Sketches  of  the  Dead. 


GENERALS. 

MAJOR-GENERAL  THOMAS  L.  ROSSER. 
BY  L.  ROSSER,  JR. 

Thomas  L.  Rosser,  the  first  Commander  of  the  John  Bowie 
Strange  Camp,  was  born  on  October  15th,  1836,  in  Campbell 
County,  Virginia.  His  father,  Colonel  John  Rosser,  moved 
with  his  family  to  Texas  in  1849,  and  it  was  from  that  state  that 
Thomas  L.  Rosser  was  appointed  to  the  U.  S.  Military  Acad- 
emy at  West  Point  in  1856.  He  was  in  the  graduating  class  of 
1861  when  the  Civil  War  began,  but,  after  the  firing  on  Fort 
Sumpter,  left  the  Academy  and  came  South,  receiving  a  com- 
mission as  First  Lieutenant  of  Artillery  in  the  Confederate 
Army.  He  was  in  the  First  Battle  of  Mannassas  and  soon  aft- 
erwards was  made  a  captain.  He  won  the  admiration  of  his 
commanding  officers  and  rose  rapidly,  receiving  his  promotion 
as  Brigadier  General  on  October  15th,  1863,  his  twenty-seventh 
birthday,  and  the  following  year  was  made  a  Major  Geneial. 

The  following  quotations  from  the  Official  Records  of  the 
War  of  the  Rebellion,  published  by  the  U.  S.  War  Department, 
illustrate  the  high  esteem  in  which  Rosser  was  held  by  his  fel- 
low officers.  On  October  31,  1862,  General  J.  E.  B.  Stuart  re- 
ported, "There  is  no  cooler  or  more  intrepid  man  in  action  than 
Rosser."  And  again  on  March  17th,  '63,  General  Stuart  wrote 
General  Lee,  "Severely  wounded  at  Kellysville,  he  (Rosser) 
remained  in  command  at  the  head  of  his  regiment  until  the  day 
was  won."  In  recommending  Rosser's  appointment  as  Briga- 
dier General,  General  Lee  wrote,  "He  is  an  excellent  officer  in 
the  field ;  is  prompt,  cool  and  fearless,  and  has  been  twice 
wounded  in  this  war."  In  the  winter  of  1863,  by  capturing 
a  large  wagon  train  near  Patterson  Creek,  he  again  won  the 
praise  of  General  Lee,  who  wrote  on  February  6th,  1864,  "Gen. 
Rosser  has  shown  great  energy  and  skill  and  his  command  de- 

[24] 


MAJOR  GENERAL  THOMAS  L.  ROSSER 
COMMANDER  OF  ROSSER'S  CAVALRY  DIVISION, 

ARMY  OF  NORTHERN  VIRGINIA 
First  Commander  of  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  25 

serves  great  credit."  And  after  the  fight  at  Ashland  on  June 
2nd,  1864,  General  Lee,  ''Expresses  his  gratification  at  the  hand- 
some conduct  of  Rosser's  command  and  his  thanks  for  their 
having  so  gallantly  defeated  the  enemy;"  and  General  Wade 
Hampton  wrote  to,  "add  his  thanks  for  your  valuable  assistance 
and  to  say  that  he  deems  the  success  of  yesterday  mainly  due 
to  your  skill  and  the  services  of  your  command."  After  th; 
engagement  at  Reams  Station  General  Hampton  again  reported, 
"General  Rosser,  though  not  recovered  from  his  late  wound, 
went  through  the  entire  fight,  showing  the  ability  and  gallantry 
which  have  always  characterized  his  conduct."  In  reporting 
the  raid  of  November  28th,  1864,  when,  with  about  a  thousand 
men,  Rosser  surprisecl  and  captured  the  fortified  town  of  New 
Creek,  W.  Va.,  losing  only  two  men  and  returning  with  a  large 
quantity  of  sorely  needed  supplies,  General  Lee  wrote,  "Tl  e 
boldness  and  energy  exhibited  by  General  Rosser  deserves  much 
praise." 

In  the  midst  of  a  winter  which  General  Sheridan  in  his  re- 
ports describes  as  the  coldest  he  had  ever  experienced  and  one 
in  which  his  men  and  horses  were  frozen  to  death,  Rosser  with 
three  hundred  picked  men  rode  across  the  mountains,  and  on 
January  llth,  1865,  surprised  and  captured  the  fort  at  Beverly 
and  took  back  to  the  distressed  Southern  army  700  prisoners 
and  a  large  number  of  cattle,  as  well  as  other  military  supplies. 
A  great  tribute  from  Sheridan  to  the  daring  and  boldness  of 
General  Rosser  was  the  instructions  of  this  Federal  general  to 
his  officers  to  double  their  pickets  when  Rosser  was  in  their 
neighborhood. 

During  the  war,  on  May  28th,  1863,  Rosser  married  Betty 
Barbara  Winston,  of  Hanover  County,  Virginia.  The  war  left 
him  penniless.  He  had  been  trained  a  soldier  and  had  no  other 
profession.  He  tried  law  and  attended  lectures  at  Lexington, 
Virginia,  under  Judge  Brockenborough,  but  in  '69  decided  to 
abandon  this  pursuit  and  go  to  Minnesota,  leaving  his  wife  and 
three  children  in  Virginia.  There  his  energy  soon  found  an 
opening,  and  in  the  spring  of  '70  he  went  to  work  for  the  North- 
ern Pacific  Railroad  which  was  then  starting  to  build  from 
Duluth.  He  remained  with  the  Northern  Pacific  for  some  years 


26  SKETCHES   OF   THE   DEAD 

and  then  went  to  the  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  as  Chief  Engi- 
neer, when  it  started  to  build  west  from  Winnipeg. 

In  1885  Rosser,  having  accumulated  a  fair  estate,  returned 
to  Virginia  and  bought  a  home  near  Charlottesville,  where  he 
spent  his  remaining  years.  In  the  war  with  Spain  he  was  com- 
missioned a  Brigadier  General  of  Volunteers  and  was  stationed 
at  Chickamauga.  He  died  at  Charlottesville  on  March  29,  1910. 

BRIGADIER-GENERAL  JOHN  MARSHALL  JONES. 
BY  GILLIE  MARSHALL  HILL. 

General  John  Marshall  Jones  was  the  -son  of  Colonel  John 
Russell  Jones  and  Gillie  Marshall  Jones.  General  Jones  was  born 
at  Social  Hall  (now  owned  by  Dr.  J.  F.  Williams),  Charlottes- 
ville, Virginia.  He  was  a  professor  at  West  Point.  When  Vir- 
ginia called  her  sons  he  promptly  answered,  and  became  Briga- 
ier-General.  He  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness  in 
1864.  His  life-long  friend  and  neighbor,  J.  Thompson  Brown, 
was  killed  the  same  day  at  Locust  Grove,  Orange  County.  Their 
remains  were  brought  to  their  old  homes,  which  were  opposite 
each  other,  and  from  there  the  two  processions  wended  their 
way  to  Maplewood  where,  in  opposite  sections,  their  bodies  at 
the  same  time  were  lowered  into  their  last  resting  places. 

In  Colonel  Jones'  section  at  Maplewood  the  little  memorial 
crosses  mark  the  graves  of  five  Confederate  officers,  namely : 

The  above  mentioned  General  John  M.  Jones; 

Lieutenant  James  L.  Daniel,  Company  B,  Nineteenth  Regi- 
ment Virginia  Volunteers,  killed  in  battle  near  Richmond,  1862; 

Major  T.  T.  Hill,  Judge  Advocate  of  his  brother  A.  P.  Hill's 
Corps ; 

Lieutenant  Thomas  Russell  Hill,  Lieutenant  in  Poague's  Bat- 
talion; and 

Captain  Walter  Bowie,  Captain  in  the  Fortieth  Regiment,  In- 
fantry, Virginia  Volunteers. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  27 

GENERAL  LUCIUS  BELLINGER  NORTHROP. 
BY  MARIE  FLOYD  NORTHROP. 

Lucius  Bellinger  Northrop,  who  was  Commissary  General  of 
the  Confederacy,  was  born  at  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  Sep- 
tember 8th,  1811,  and  graduated  at  West  Point,  N.  Y.,  in  1829, 
in  the  class  with  Jefferson  Davis,  President  of  the  Southern 
Confederacy.  They  served  together  in  the  West  against  the  In- 
dians. He  was  in  the  Seminole  War  in  Florida,  where  he  was 
severely  wounded,  and  then  retired  on  half  pay.  He  then  stud- 
ied medicine  in  Philadelphia  and  on  his  return  to  Charleston 
practiced  occasionally  for  charity  only.  When  South  Carolina 
seceded  he  resigned  his  commission  as  Captain  in  the  United 
States  Army  and  became  Commissary  General  of  the  Confed- 
eracy. 

A  few  months  before  the  fall  of  Richmond  he  went  to  North 
Carolina  and  engaged  in  farming  near  Egypt  in  that  State.  In 
July,  1865,  he  was  arrested  by  the  National  authorities  and 
confined  fn  Richmond  in  what  was  known  as  "Castle  Thunder" 
until  the  following  November,  when  he  was  released  on  his  pa- 
role that  he  was  not  to  leave  the  State  of  Virginia  without  noti- 
fying the  Federal  Government.  In  1867  he  bought  a  farm  near 
Charlottesville,  Virginia,  upon  which  he  resided  until  sometime 
after  he  was  paralyzed,  February  4th,  1890.  He  died  in  the 
Soldiers'  •Home,  Pikesville,  Maryland,  February  9th,  1894. 

He  was  six  feet  tall,  straight  as  an  arrow,  erect  as  a  column 
and  a  very  Cincinnatus.  He  hated  publicity  in  any  form. 

With  regard  to  his  life  during  the  years  that  he  resided  near 
Charlottesville,  there  is  but  little  to  tell.  He  lived  a  very  re- 
tired life.  With  the  exception  of  a  trip  to  Charleston,  South 
Carolina,  he  was  never  out  of  the  State  after  settling  upon  the 
farm  near  Charlottesville,  until  he  went  to  Maryland,  where  he 
died  as  previously  stated.  After  coming  to  Charlottesville  his 
most  intimate  friends  were  Professors  Holmes,  Smith  and  Page 
and  others  of  the  older  professors  of  the  University,  all  of 
whom,  except  Professor  Smith,  are  long  since  dead. 


28  SKETCHES   OF   THE   DEAD 

BRIGADIER-GENERAL  ARMISTEAD  LINDSAY  LONG. 
BY  WM.  F.  LONG. 

General  Armistead  Lindsay  Long  (1825-1891)  was  a  son  of 
Colonel  Armistead  Lindsay  Long,  of  Amherst  County,  Virginia. 
He  graduated  at  the  United  States  Military  Academy  at  West 
Point  in  1850.  From  1850  to  1861  he  was  an  officer  in  the 
United  States  Army.  When  the  war  broke  out  he  resigned  his 
commission  and  offered  his  services  to  the  Confederacy.  He 
served  as  Major  from  1861  to  1862,  as  Military  Secretary  to 
General  Lee  from  1862  to  1863,  and  as  Brigadier  General  from 
1863  to  the  close  of  the  war. 

Shortly  after  the  close  of  the  war  General  Long  received  the 
following  testimonial  from  General  Lee : 

"General  A.  L.  Long  entered  the  Confederate  service  in  1861, 
and  served  continuously  till  the  surrender  of  the  Army  of 
Northern  Virginia,  9th  April,  1865.  His  conduct  during  that 
time  was  marked  by  zeal  and  gallantry.  A  graduate  of  the 
Military  Academy  at  West  Point,  in  addition  to  a  military  edu- 
cation, he  has  had  long  experience  in  the  military  service. 

He  was  with  me  as  Chief  of  Artillery  in  the  winter  of  1861-62 
in  the  Southern  Department,  and  became  a  member  of  my  staff 
when  appointed  to  the  command  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Vir- 
ginia. He  was  promoted  Brigadier-General  in  1863,  and  made 
Chief  of  Artillery  of  the  Second  Army  Corps,  Army  of  North- 
ern Virginia,  which  position  he  held  till  the  surrender  of  the 
army,  9th  April,  1865." 

R.  E.  Lee, 
"General." 

After  the  war  General  Long  became  blind,  and  to  overcome 
the  inactivity  to  which  loss  of  sight  subjected  him,  he  sought 
occupation  in  writing  a  life  of  his  beloved  General,  and  in  1886 
published  his  ''Memoirs  of  Robert  E.  Lee." 

General  Long  married  Mary  Heron  Summer,  daughter  of 
Major  General  E.  V.  and  Hannah  Foster  Summer.  There 
were  three  children  of  this  marriage :  E.  V.  S.  Long,  a  civil 
engineer,  who  died  of  typhoid  fever  when  only  twenty-four 
years  old ;  Virnie,  wife  of  Col.  Robert  Alexander  Brown,  U. 


COL.  R.  T.  W.  DUKE  IN  1880 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  29 

S.  A. ;  and  Eugene  McLean  Long,  Civil  Engineer,  of  New  York 
City. 

General  Long  is  buried  in  Maplewood  Cemetery  in  Char- 
lottesville,  Virginia.  On  the  granite  monument  over  his  grave, 
these  words  are  inscribed :  "Thine  eyes  shall  see  the  King  in 
his  beauty." 

COLONELS. 

COLONEL  RICHARD  THOMAS  WALKER  DUKE. 
BY  His  SON,  W.  R.  DUKE. 

Richard  Thomas  Walker  Duke,  the  son  of  Richard  Duke  and 
Maria  Barckley  Walker,  his  wife,  was  born  June  6th,  1822,  at 
Mill  Brook,  locally  known  as  the  Burnt  Mills,  in  Albemarle 
County,  Virginia. 

He  attended  private  schools,  among  his  teachers  being  the 
late  Judge  William  J.  Robertson,  his  life  long  friend. 

He  was  appointed  State  cadet  to  the  V.  M.  I.  in  1842,  and 
graduated  second  in  his  class  in  1845.  He  taught  school  in 
Richmond,  also  in  Lewisburg,  Virginia,  now  \Vest  Virginia. 

On  the  death  of  his  father  in  1849,  he  moved  to  Morea  and 
studied  law,  graduating  in  1850.  Again  he  taught  school  and  at 
the  same  time  practiced  law  in  Charlottesville.  He  was  elected 
Commonwealth's  Attorney  in  1858. 

After  the  John  Brown  raid  he  organized  the  Albemarle 
Rifles,  Company  B,  Nineteenth  Virginia  Regiment,  and  was 
elected  Captain.  He  went  to  Harper's  Ferry  on  April  17th, 
1861,  and  was  at  First  Manassas.  In  the  summer  of  1862  he 
was  elected  Colonel  of  the  Forty-sixth  Virginia  Infantry.  He 
resigned  during  the  spring  of  1864,  came  home,  and  was  ap- 
pointed Lieutenant-Colonel  of  the  Second  Battalion  of  Re- 
serves, and  served  in  the  trenches  and  at  guarding  prisoners  in 
Richmond.  He  was  captured,  together  with  his  command,  at 
Sailors  Creek,  April  6th,  1865. 

He  was  in  Washington  the  night  President  Lincoln  was  as- 
sassinated. 

He  remained  a  prisoner  at  Johnson's  Island  until  July,  1865. 
Upon  his  release  he  returned  home  and  resumed  the  practice  of 


30  SKETCHES   OF    THE   DEAD 

law.  He  was  removed  from  the  office  of  Commonwealth's  At- 
torney by  military  authority.  He  was  elected  to  congress  in 
1870  and  served  until  1873. 

He  was  one  of  the  charter  members  of  the  John  Bowie 
Strange  Camp,  Confederate  Veterans,  its  first  Second  Lieuten- 
ant Commander,  and  afterwards  Commander. 

During  this  period  he  continued  to  practice  law  and  was 
elected  to  the  legislature  in  1881,  serving  one  term. 

He  died  at  Sunny  Side,  July  2nd,  1898,  and  was  buried  in 
Maplewood  Cemetery. 

COLONEL  ANDREW  JACKSON  GRIGSBY. 
BY  ISABELLE  H.  Goss. 

Colonel  Andrew  Jackson  Grigsby  was  born  in  Rockbridge 
County,  Virginia  November  2nd,  1819.  When  war  with  Mex- 
ico was  declared,  he  was  residing  in  Missouri,  and  enlisted  in 
Colonel  Doniphan's  well  known  regiment  which  distinguished 
itself  in  that  war.  In  the  spring  of  1861  he  was  living  in  Giles 
County,  Virginia,  and  at  once  entered  the  service  of  his  State, 
becoming  successively  Major,  Lieutenant-Colonel,  and  Colonel 
of  the  Twenty-seventh  Virginia  Regiment — one  of  the  five 
regiments  of  the  noted  "Stonewall"  Brigade.  He  served  with 
this  brigade  through  the  campaigns  of  1861  and  1862,  becom- 
ing its  commander  after  Colonel  W.  H.  S.  Baylor  was  killed  at 
"Second  Manassas." 

At  the  battle  of  Sharpsburg,  after  the  retirement  of  General 
J.  R.  Jones — injured  by  concussion  from  the  bursting  of  a  shell 
— and  the  death  of  General  W.  E.  Starke,  who  was  killed  early 
in  the  action,  he  became  commander  of  Jackson's  old  division, 
and  led  it  with  conspicuous  ability  and  gallantry.  Indeed,  the 
gallantry  of  Colonel  Grigsby  was  conspicuous  on  every  field  on 
which  the  "Stonewall"  Brigade  was  engaged,  so  that  his  regi- 
ment acquired  the  sobriquet  of  "The  Bloody  Twenty-seventh." 
At  the  battle  of  Port  Republic  his  sword  belt  was  shot  away, 
and  he  was  wounded  in  a  later  engagement. 

In  the  fall  of  1863,  after  the  promotion  of  General  E.  F.  Pax- 
ton,  former  Major  of  his  regiment  and  at  that  time  Adjutant 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  31 

General  of  Jackson's  Corps,  to  the  command  of  the  "Stonewall" 
Brigade,  Colonel  Grigsby  resigned.  He  was  then  in  feeble 
health  and  unable  to  render  further  active  service. 

He  retired  to  the  home  of  his  relatives,  the  Goss  family  in 
Albemarle  County,  where  he  afterwards  resided.  On  Decem- 
ber 18th,  1895,  he  was  taken  with  pneumonia,  and  died  Decem- 
ber 23rd,  in  the  seventy-seventh  year  of  his  age.  He  was  laid  to 
rest  on  Christmas  morning  in  the  burying  ground  of  the  Goss 
family,  near  Stony  Point. 

COLONEL  JOHN  BOWIE  MAGRUDER. 

FROM  A  SKETCH  BY  COL.  WM.  HENRY  STEWART  OF 
PORTSMOUTH,  VA. 

John  Bowie  Magruder,  eldest  son  of  Benjamin  Henry  Ma- 
gruder  and  Maria  Louisa  Minor,  was  born  in  Scottsville,  Albe- 
marle County,  Virginia,  November  24th,  1839.  His  parents 
moved  to  "Glenmore,"  in  the  same  county,  when  he  was  five 
years  old.  He  was  educated  at  John  Bowie  Strange  Military 
Academy  and  the  University  of  Virginia,  receiving  the  degree 
of  Master  of  Arts  at  the  latter  in  1860.  Planning  to  study  law 
later,  he  was  teaching  at  Smith's  Academy  in  Culpeper  when  the 
Civil  War  began.  He  graduated  in  thirty  days  in  military  tac- 
tics at  the  Virginia  Military  Institute.  He  organized  the  "Ri- 
vanna  Guards,"  and  was  commissioned  its  Captain  in  July,  1861. 

This  Company  (H)  was  first  assigned  to  the  Thirty-second 
Virginia  Infantry,  and  that  fall  to  the  Fifty-seventh  Virginia  In- 
fantry, commanded  by  Colonel  Kean  and  then  later  by  Armi- 
stead. 

Magruder  first  served  south  of  James  River;  then  north,  par- 
ticipating in  the  Seven  Days  Battle  around  Richmond,  and  los- 
ing at  Malvern  Hill  half  his  company.  He  was  made  Lieuten- 
ant Colonel  for  gallantry  in  1862.  He  was  in  the  battle  of 
Fredericksburg  and  was  made  Colonel,  January  12th,  1863,  of 
the  Fifty-seventh  Virginia  Infantry,  Armistead's  Brigade,  Pick- 
ett's  Division,  Longstreet's  Corps.  In  April,  1863,  he  was  with 
Longstreet  in  the  siege  of  Suffolk.  He  distinguished  himself 
with  an  independent  command  near  Edenton,  N.  C.,  where  with 
1,300  men  he  defeated  5,500  Federals  in  two  battles,  for  which 


32  SKETCHES   OF   THE   DEAD 

he  was  highly  complimented  by  General  Longstreet.  He  foil 
mortally  wounded  in  Pickett's  charge  at  Gettysburg  July  3rd, 
1863,  within  twenty  steps  of  the  enemy's  cannon,  shouting  to 
his  men  as  he  fell,  "They  are  ours."  He  refused  to  be  carried 
back  and  ordered  his  men  to  "go  on  and  do  their  duty."  When 
in  retreat  they  offered  to  take  him  back  he  told  them,  "Sore 
yourselves  as  I  am  hopelessly  wounded."  He  died  a  prisoner 
in  Gettysburg  July  5th,  1863.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Epsilon 
Alpha  Fraternity  and  a  frater  sent  his  remains  and  personal 
effects  in  a  metallic  coffin  to  "Glenmore,"  where  he  lies  buried. 
Had  he  survived  Gettysburg  he  would  have  been  a  Brigadier 
General  before  attaining  the  age  of  twenty-four  years. 

Prior  to  Gettysburg  many  of  his  command  criticized  his  in- 
tricate maneuvres  in  charging  over  and  around  obstacles  as  a 
needless  sacrifice  of  energy;  but  in  Pickett's  Charge  a  dwelling, 
outbuilding,  and  garden  in  the  way  were  passed  without  delay, 
impairing  alignment,  or  sheltering  skulkers. 

Magruder  was  small  in  stature  but  muscular,  finely  educated, 
of  splendid  character  and  executive  ability,  superb  courage  and 
soldierly  qualities,  a  fine  disciplinarian  but  thoughtful  of  the 
comfort  of  his  men  to  whom  he  was  courteous  and  kind.  His 
soldierly  conduct,  bearing,  and  qualities  won  the  admiration 
and  praise  of  both  superiors  and  subordinates.  He  died  a  Chris- 
tian patriot. 

LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  JOHN  WILLIAM  MALLET. 
BY  MILTON  W.  HUMPHREYS. 

John  William  Mallet  was  born  in  Dublin,  Ireland,  October  7th, 
1832,  and  died  at  the  University  of  Virginia,  November  7th, 
1912.  His  father  was  Robert  Mallet,  F.  R.  S.,  and  his  mother 
Cordelia  Watson.  After  thorough  preliminary  training,  he 
studied  alternately  at  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  and  at  Gottingen, 
receiving  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Philosophy  at  the  latter  Uni- 
versity in  1852,  and  A.  B.  at  Dublin  in  1853. 

In  1853  he  came  to  America  on  business  for  his  father  with- 
out any  intention  of  remaining  in  this  country,  but  was  induced 
to  give  temporary  instruction  in  German  and  French  at  Am- 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  33 

herst  College,  Massachusetts,  and  in  1854  he  was  made  Pro- 
fessor of  Analytical  Chemistry  in  that  institution.  Before  the 
session  ended  he  was  appointed  chemist  to  the  Geological  Sur- 
vey of  Alabama,  and  at  once  was  induced  to  act  as  temporary 
Professor  of  Chemistry  in  the  State  University  at  Tuscaloosa, 
and  afterwards  became  regular  professor. 

In  the  fall  of  1861  he  joined  as  a  private  a  cavalry  company 
that  was  being  organized  at  Tuscaloosa,  but  before  this  com- 
pany was  mustered  in  he  accepted  a  position  as  aide-de-camp 
on  the  staff  of  general  Rodes,  and  was  commissioned  as  first 
lieutenant  on  the  16th  of  November  of  that  year.  Rodes'  bri- 
gade spent  the  winter  at  Manassas  and  in  the  spring  repaired  to 
the  peninsula  and  served  in  the  campaign  up  to  and  including 
the  battle  of  Seven  Pines.  On  the  day  of  this  battle  he  re- 
signed from  Rodes'  staff,  having  been  commissioned  as  Captain 
of  Artillery  May  21st,  1862,  with  orders  to  take  general  charge 
under  Colonel  (afterwards  General)  Gorgas  of  the  production 
of  ammunition  for  all  arms.  Being  sent  on  a  tour  of  inspection 
of  all  the  various  arsenals  and  ordnance  depots  with  instruc- 
tions to  confer  with  the  various  officers  as  to  distribution  of  the 
work,  the  avoidance  of  orders  prductive  of  confusion,  etc.,  and 
to  collect  all  needful  facts,  he  made  a  report  to  the  Chief  of 
Ordnance.  This  report,  with  its  recommendations,  led  to  the 
erection  of  a  great  central  ordnance  laboratory  at  Macon,  Geor- 
gia, which,  however,  was  not  put ,.  into  full  operation  before  the 
war  ended.  Dr.  Mallet,  as  Superintendent  of  Laboratories,  was 
required  every  month  to  visit  the  principal  ordnance  establish- 
ments, the  headquarters  of  the  principal  armies,  and  each  im- 
portant fortified  port,  for  conference  with  other  ordnance  offi- 
cers. He  had  to  make  tests  of  ordnance  products  and  perform 
experiments  with  a  view  to  finding  substitutes  for  materials 
that  had  become  exhausted  or  could  not  be  obtained.  During 
the  siege  of  Charleston  in  1863,  when  visiting  that  place,  he  re- 
ceived a  slight  wound.  To  give  a  detailed  account  of  his  labors 
in  this  field  would  require  much  space. 

Dr.  Mallet  was  made  Major  June  28th,  1863,  and  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  of  Artillery  February  29th,  1864. 

General  Wilson  advanced  on  Macon  at  the  very  end  of  the 


34  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

war,  and  an  engagement  was  in  progress  when  a  joint  telegram 
from  Sherman  and  Johnston,  addressed  to  Federal  and  Confed- 
erate commanders,  ordered  an  immediate  cessation  of  hostili- 
ties. Mallet  was  paroled  with  others  in  like  situation. 

Dr.  Mallet  was  engaged  now  in  practical  scientific  work  for 
three  years  in  addition  to  being  Professor  of  Chemistry  in  the 
Medical  Department  of  the  University  of  Louisiana.  In  1868 
he  was  called  to  the  University  of  Virginia,  where,  as  Pro- 
fessor of  Chemistry,  he  remained  until  his  death  in  1912,  with 
the  exception  of  two  sessions;  one  (1883-4)  spent  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Texas  as  Professor  of  Chemistry  and  Physics,  be- 
sides being  Chairman  of  the  Faculty;  and  the  other  (1884-5) 
as  Professor  of  Chemistry  in  the  Jefferson  Medical  College  in 
Philadelphia. 

Dr.  Mallet's  ability  as  an  analytical  chemist  caused  him  very 
often  to  figure  as  an  expert  witness  in  cases  of  poisoning,  and 
to  be  employed  for  the  analysis  of  ores,  water,  and,  in  short, 
everything  an  analysis  of  which  was  desired. 

He  was  a  Fellow  of  the  Royal  Society  (F.  R.  S.),  London, 
and  a  fellow  or  member  of  a  score  of  other  scientific  societies 
on  both  continents,  and  belonged  to  a  considerable  number  of 
other  organizations. 

He  did  not  write  any  books,  but  his  articles  in  scientific  pub- 
lications number  about  a  hundred,  not  to  mention  many  that 
appeared  in  popular  periodicals. 

His  fame  brought  him  many  honors.  Honorary  degrees  (M. 
D.,  LL.  D.,  etc.,)  were  showered  upon  him,  and  he  was  often 
appointed  to  discharge  special  temporary  duties,  such  as  serv- 
ing as  judge  in  exhibitions,  delivering  lectures  at  other  institu- 
tions, etc. 

He  was  extraordinarily  versatile,  and  not  only  kept  abreast 
of  progress  in  the  sciences,  but  maintained  remarkable  knowl- 
edge of  the  ancient  languages,  and  in  almost  every  department 
of  human  knowledge  his  accuracy  was  amazing. 

His  general  characteristics  are  excellently  stated  in  the  action 
of  the  faculty  of  the  University  of  Virginia  on  the  occasion  of 
his  death :  "Great  as  have  been  his  world-wide  acknowledged 
intellectual  achievements  in  science,  these  seem  to  fade  into  in- 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  35 

significance  when  compared  with  the  impress  of  character  which 
he  has  stamped  upon  the  generation  of  men  who  have  sat  at 
his  feet  in  this  University.  He  was  the  soul  of  honor,  truth 
and  courage ;  he  hated  sham,  deceit  and  charlatanism  in  all  their 
forms,  and,  regardless  of  consequences,  never  permitted  himself 
to  swerve  a  hairbreadth  from  what  he  recognized  to  be  a  prin- 
ciple." . 

He  married,  first,  Mary  E.,  daughter  of  Judge  John  J.  Or- 
mond,  of  Alabama,  in  1857.  She  passed  away  in  1886,  and  in 
1888  he  married  Mrs.  Josephine  Burthe,  of  Louisiana,  who 
survives  him. 

He  retired  from  active  teaching  in  1908  and  was  made  Pro- 
fessor Emeritus.  An  attack  of  influenza  subsequently  impaired 
his  health,  and  on  the  seventh  of  November,  1912,  he  passed 
away  after  a  brief  acute  illness. 

He  never  became  naturalized  as  an  American  citizen,  a  fact 
possibly  due  to  his  having  embraced  the  Confederate  cause,  and 
later  (after  1877)  to  his  desire  to  remain  a  Fellow  of  the  Royal 
Society,  a  distinction  limited  to  British  subjects. 

Dr.  Mallet  was  a  member  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church, 
and  a  man  of  the  purest  moral  character,  whose  example  could 
have  only  an  ennobling  effect  upon  all  who  came  in  contact 
with  him. 

COLONEL  JOHN  S.  MOSBY. 
BY  R.  T.  W.  DUKE,  JR. 

John  S.  Mosby,  one  of  the  greatest  partisan  leaders  of  mod- 
ern times,  was  born  at  the  home  of  his  grandfather,  James  Mc- 
Laurine,  in  Powhatan  County,  Virginia.  When  he  was  a  child 
his  father  purchased  a  farm  near  Charlottesville  in  Albemarle 
County,  and  upon  this  farm  Colonel  Mosby  was  raised.  He 
was  educated  at  private  schools  and  at  the  early  age  of  sixteen 
entered  the  University  of  Virginia.  Here  he  showed  quite  an 
aptitude  for  languages,  graduating  in  Greek.  An  unfortunate 
altercation  with  a  man  named  Turpin,  in  which  Colonel  Mosby 
shot  him,  led  to  his  conviction  of  unlawful  shooting  and  a  fine 
and  imprisonment.  Had  the  law  at  that  time  allowed  Mosby  to 


36  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

testify,  there  would  have  been  very  little  doubt  of  his  acquittal. 
The  fine  was  remitted  and  he  was  pardoned  by  the  Governor. 
The  Attorney  for  the  Commonwealth,  Judge  Wm.  J.  Robert- 
son, although  he  prosecuted  young  Mosby  with  unusual  vigor, 
took  great  interest  in  him,  visited  him  frequently  while  in  jail, 
and  lent  him  law  books.  So  well  did  he  use  his  time,  that  on 
leaving  his  prison  he  received  a  license  to  practice  law,  and  in 
1855  moved  to  Bristol,  Virginia,  where  he  opened  a  law  office 
and  soon  began  a  very  successful  practice. 

At  the  outbreak  of  the  War  between  the  States  Colonel  Mosby 
promptly  volunteered  in  a  cavalry  company  and  was  later  in 
Colonel  (afterwards  General)  J.  E.  B.  Stuart's  regiment,  and 
was  in  the  First  Battle  of  Manassas  and  subsequently  was  with 
Stuart  in  his  famous  ride  around  McClellan.  For  valuable 
services  in  that  ride  he  was  recommended  for  a  captaincy  by 
Stuart.  In  January,  1863,  he  organized  his  celebrated  battalion, 
which  became  one  of  the  most  valuable  arms  of  the  service. 
He  was  commissioned  Captain  and  recommended  by  General 
Lee  to  the  President  for  a  major's  commission. 

The  deeds  of  Mosby  and  his  magnificent  regiment  are  too 
many  and  too  full  of  incident  to  allow  more  than  a  reference. 
Suffice  it  to  say  that  they  threw  dismay  and  anxiety  into  the 
campaigns  of.  the  Federal  troops  in  Virginia,  and  in  the  lan- 
guage of  Sheridan,  Mosby's  men  were  the  most  redoubtable 
partisans  he  ever  met.  History  has  immortalized  them. 

He  was  promoted  from  time  to  time  and  his  battalion  grew 
into  a  regiment  of  the  most  daring,  fearless  and  splendid  sol- 
diers the  world  has  ever  seen.  Their  gallant  commander  led 
them  into  battle,  was  wounded  time  and  again,  and  when  the 
war  closed  he  was  a  colonel,  having  been  desperately  wounded 
late  in  1864  and  commissioned  as  Colonel  January  6th,  1865. 
He  surrendered  his  command  on  April  21st,  1865.  He  was  not 
paroled  until  February  6th,  1866,  and  was  subjected  to  much 
petty  annoyance  by  the  Federal  authorities. 

He  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Warrenton,  Virginia,  and 
was  appointed  consul  to  Hong  Kong  by  President  Hayes,  serving 
in  that  position  until  1885,  when  he  became  attorney  for  the 
Southern  Pacific  Railroad  and  remained  in  the  service  of  that 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  37 

Company,  living  in  California,  for  some  sixteen  years.  Re- 
turning to  Virginia  he  divded  his  time  between  his  old  home, 
Wafrenton,  and  Washington,  dying  in  the  latter  city  on  May 
30th,  1916. 

Colonel  Mosby  was  a  superb  soldier,  a  stainless  gentleman, 
loved  to  idolatry  by  his  men,  and  dying  he  left  behind  him  a 
memory  of  which  any  man  might  be  proud.  To  know  him  was 
to  love  and  admire  him,  and  one  of  the  most  precious  posses- 
sions of  the  writer  of  this  brief  sketch  is  a  letter  written  but  a 
short  time  before  his  death,  in  which  the  Colonel  said,  speaking 
of  a  visit  to  Albemarle :  "I  am  a  rich  man — the  reception  I  re- 
ceived in  dear  old  Albemarle,  where  I  was  raised,  was  proof  to 
me  that  I  possess  some  things  that  gold  cannot  buy."  And  he 
had  that  which  nothing  can  buy — fame — love — immortality. 

COLONEL  WM.  ELISHA  PETERS,  A.  M.,  LL.  D. 
BY  PROP.  F.  H.  SMITH. 

He  was  born  in  Bedford  County,  Virginia,  August  18th,  1829. 
He  died  at  the  University  of  Virginia,  March  22nd,  1906.  He 
was  educated  at  the  New  London  Academy ;  graduated  at  Emory 
and  Henry  College;  studied  at  the  University  of  Virginia,  and 
for  two  years  at  the  University  of  Berlin.  He  was  Professor 
of  Latin  and  Greek  at  Emory  and  Henry  from  1852,  resigning 
to  enter  the  Confederate  service,  as  private,  in  1861.  He  was 
quickly  promoted,  finally  becoming  Colonel  of  the  Twenty-first 
Regiment  of  Cavalry.  He  surrendered  at  Appomattox  in  1865. 
He  was  elected  Professor  of  Latin  at  the  University  of  Virginia 
in  1866,  resigning  his  chair  in  1902. 

Of  his  merit  as  a  Latinist,  a  colleague  does  not  presume  to 
speak ;  but  he  impressed  us  as  one  who  passed  by  grammars  and 
drew  his  inspiration  from  the  immediate  well  of  Latin  unde- 
filed.  He  studied  not  Kuehner,  but  Cicero.  His  value  as  pro- 
fessor extended  far  beyond  his  classes.  Many  a  bright  fellow, 
giving  way  for  a  time,  was  put  again  on  the  right  path  by  his 
timely  and  kindly  counsel ;  how  many,  eternity  only  will  show. 

Especially  attentive  was  he  to  the  sons  of  old  friends.  These 
had  always  a  welcome  to  his  office  for  advice  and  to  his  dwell- 

448800 


38  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

ing  for  hospitality.  He  was  a  noble  man,  just  suited  to  his 
place.  When  the  occasion  arises,  Virginia  seems  always  to  have 
the  fitting  person. 

I  may  give  two  characteristic  pictures  from  his  life : 
When  General  Early  invaded  Pennsylvania  and  drew  near  to 
Chambersburg,  he  sent  a  written  order,  through  General  Bradey 
Johnson,  to  Colonel  Peters,  to  march  his  regiment  into  the 
city  and  burn  it.  Colonel  Peters  refused,  saying  that  he  had 
enlisted  to  fight  men,  not  women  and  children.  He  was  ar- 
rested, deprived  of  his  sword,  and  exposed  to  court  martial  and 
death.  His  wise  and  gallant  general  found  a  way  to  save  a  no- 
ble officer  and  yet  carry  out  General  Early's  order.  He  passed 
the  order  to  another  colonel,  who  had  no  scruples  in  the  mat- 
ter. Chambersburg  was  burned,  as  Virginia  towns  had  been. 
After  the  war  a  great  newspaper  of  Philadelphia  offered  Col- 
onel Peters  a  large  sum  to  give  his  own  account. of  the  matter. 
He  promptly  declined  the  offer,  because  he  did  not  wish  for 
praise  of  the  act  from  the  North. 

Colonel  Peters  had  that  mark  of  a  genuine  teacher,  in  giving 
supreme  eminence  to  his  own  chair,  in  the  scheme  of  education. 
A  witty  colleague  reports  a  walk  he  took  with  Colonel  Peters 
on  a  moonlight  night.  After  a  long  silence, -wrhich  any  one  else 
would  have  broken  by  some  reference  to  the  sky,  the  Colonel 
exclaimed  with  a  deep  sigh,  "Ah !  I  fear  much  those  boys  will 
miss  that  delicate  use  of  the  subjunctive."  If  the  joke  was  not 
true,  it  was  well  invented. 


COLONEL  JOHN  BOWIE  STRANGE. 
BY  R.  T.  W.  DUKE,  JR. 

Colonel  John  Bowie  Strange  was  born  in  the  year  1823  in 
Fluvanna  County,  Virginia.  He  entered  the  Virginia  Military 
Institute  in  1842  and  was  one  of  the  first  graduates  of  that  in- 
stitution. 

After  graduation  he  went  to  the  city  of  Norfolk  and  taught 
there  for  a  couple  of  years,  organizing  a  military  school  and 
carrying  it  on  with  much  success.  He  then  came  to  the  county 
of  Albemarle  and  organized  a  school  at  Bloomfield,  the  old 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  39 

Garland  place  now  owned  by  the  estate  of  J.  Tatnall  Lea.  In 
his  faculty  at  Bloomfield  he  had  Professor  Toy,  the  great  He- 
braist of  Harvard,  and  L.  M.  Blackford,  afterwards  the  prin- 
cipal of  the  Episcopal  High  School ;  also  Mr.  Tebbs  and  Mr. 
English. 

He  then  removed  to  Charlottesville,  and  in  1856  started  a 
military  school  on  the  Court  House  Square  in  a  building  now 
demolished.  In  a  short  while  he  moved  his  school  to  the  far 
end  of  Ridge  Street  and  erected  a  large  schoolhouse  and  out- 
buildings. Here  he  conducted  a  very  large  and  prosperous  mili- 
tary school  until  the  outbreak  of  the  Civil  War. 

He  was  elected  Colonel  of  the  Nineteenth  Virginia  Regiment, 
and  re-elected  at  the  reorganization  in  1862.  He  made  a  superb 
officer,  a.  fine  disciplinarian,  of  dauntless  and  almost  reckless 
courage.  The  Nineteenth  under  his  leadership  became  noted  as 
one  of  the  most  splendid  regiments  in  the  Confederate  army. 
He  led  his  men  in  the  battle  of  Boonesboro,  Maryland,  and  was 
killed  on  the  14th  day  of  September,  1862.  Colonel  Strange  was 
a  man  of  high  ability,  splendid  character  and  superb  courage. 
One  son  of  Colonel  Strange  survives  him,  a  resident  of  Texas. 

LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  BENNET  TAYLOR. 
BY  THOS.  J.  RANDOLPH. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Bennett  Taylor,  while  not  born  in  Albe- 
marle  County,  but  in  the  county  of  Jefferson,  when  it  was  still  a 
part  of  the  Old  Dominion,  was  always  identified  with  its  peo- 
ple, being  one  of  the  many  descendants  of  Thomas  Jefferson 
who  imbibed  that  great  patriot's  beliefs  and  tenets  of  freedom 
and  independence.  He  was  a  son  of  the  late  John  C.  R.  Taylor 
and  Patsy  Jefferson  Randolph,  his  wife,  the  latter  being  one  of 
the  talented  daughters  of  Colonel  Jefferson  Randolph  of  Edge- 
hill,  Albemarle  County,  and  Jane  Hollins  Nicholas,  his  wife.  He 
was  brought  up  under  the  same  wholesome,  enlightened  sur- 
roundings that  marked  the  Virginia  gentry  of  the  era  that  was 
closed  forever  by  the  Civil  War. 

Bennett  Taylor  had  qualified  himself  for  the  practice  of  the 


40  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

law,  when  the  bugle-call  to  arm  in  defense  of  his  native  State 
summoned  her  sons  of  all  classes  to  enter  the  ranks  of  her  ar- 
mies of  defense.  He  enlisted  in  June,  1861,  in  a  company  from 
Albemarle,  Company  I,  of  the  famous  Nineteenth  Virginia  In- 
fantry, being  later  promoted  to  the  rank  of  captain.  As  such  he 
served  with  gallantry  and  address  during  the  first  two  years  of 
the  disastrous  war,  in  which  the  fate  of  the  Confederacy  was  so 
uniformly  favored  by  fortune,  and  the  prospects  seemed  so 
bright  for  the  winning  of  that  independence  and  freedom  for 
which  his  forbears  had  given  their  all  of  talent,  thought  and 
property.  He  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel 
of  his  regiment  just  prior  to  the  eventful  campaign  of  Gettys- 
burg, which  was  to  register  the  "high-water  mark"  of  his  coun- 
try's hopes. 

On  those  fateful  July  days  in  far-off  Pennsylvania  he  proved 
the  mettle  of  his  ancestry  and  his  worthiness  to  serve  at  the 
fore-front  of  danger  with  the  gallant  men  who  immortalized 
Southern  chivalry  and  manhood  on  those  serried  heights.  He 
was  in  the  midst  of  Pickett's  never-to-be-forgotten  charge 
against  Cemetery  Ridge  on  July  3rd,  1863,  and  in  that  heroic  but 
fruitless  effort  was  riddled  with  shot  and  shell,  until  his  very 
life  was  despaired  of.  But  he  recovered,  in  the  mercy  of 
Heaven,  and  lived  to  finish  the  brave  fight  made  by  his  coun- 
try, serving  till  the  end  of  the  internecine  and  bloody  contest. 

Returning  after  the  war  to  his  old  Albemarle  home,  Colonel 
Taylor  lived  out  his  days  among  his  own  people,  following  his 
profession  of  attorney-at-law  with  honor  and  success,  and  for 
several  terms  being  honored  by  election  to  the  position  of  Clerk 
of  the  Circuit  Court. 

He  was  a  noble  exemplar  of  the  principles  of  honor,  chivalry 
and  unselfish  devotion  to  duty  and  native  land,  that  made  up 
the  crown  of  glory  for  Virginia  and  her  people  that  shall  never 
fade.  He  departed  this  life  lamented  and  honored  by  all  who 
knew  him  and  came  within  the  influence  of  his  manly,  upright 
and  unselfish  character.  He  was  born  on  the  15th  day  of  Au- 
gust, 1836,  and  died  on  the  4th  day  of  August,  1898. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  41 

COLONEL  CHARLES  SCOTT  VENABLE. 
BY  PROF.  WM.  THORNTON. 

The  life  of  Colonel  Venable — for  under  this  military  title 
we  all  knew  and  spoke  of  him,  except  when  in  love  for  his  high 
gentlemanhood  we  called  him  endearingly  Old  Ven — tfalls  easily 
into  three  great  periods. 

COLLEGE   STUDENT   AND   PROFESSOR. 

1827-1861. 

Born  at  Longwood,  the  country  home  of  his  family,  near 
Farmville,  Virginia,  April  19th,  1827,  he  came  of  an  English 
stock  full  of  vitality  with  abounding  energy  and  keen  vision  of 
practical  affairs.  He  matriculated  in  Hampden-Sidney  College 
as  a  sophomore  in  1839,  graduated  in  1842,  and  served  as  tutor 
in  Mathematics  until  1845.  In  the  fall  of  1845  he  entered  the 
University  of  Virginia  for  post-graduate  study,  spending  two 
years  there  under  Courtenay  and  his  colleagues,  and  later  one 
year  at  Berlin  and  Bonn  under  Encke,  Argelander,  Lejeune  Di- 
richlet  and  Dove.  He  held  chairs  of  Mathematics  successively 
at  Hampden-Sidney  College  (1846-1855);  at  the  University  of 
Georgia  (1855-1856);  and  at  the  University  of  South  Carolina 
(1856-1861). 

SOLDIER    AND    STAFF  OFFICER. 
1861-1865. 

The  outbreak  of  the  Civil  War  found  Venable  at  Columbia, 
South  Carolina,  in  the  very  focus  of  that  great  political  and 
military  movement.  He  volunteered  at  once,  and  as  Second 
Lieutenant  of  the  Congaree  Rifles  was  present  at  the  fall  of  Fort 
Sumter  (April  13th,  1861).  The  summer  of  that  year  found 
him  in  Virginia,  fighting  as  a  private  at  first  Manassas  (July 
21st,  1861)  in  the  South  Carolina  Governor's  Guards,  and  then 
patrolling  the  Potomac  as  a  volunteer  aide  on  the  staff  of  Gen- 
eral Wade  Hampton.  Promoted  to  be  Lieutenant  of  Artillery, 
he  was  ordered  to  Louisiana,  and  there  shared  in  the  ineffectual 
defense  of  New  Orleans.  Later  he  was  under  General  M.  L. 


42  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

Smith  in  organizing  the  fortifications  of  Vicksburg.  During  the 
winter  of  1862  the  Confederate  Congress  created  the  office  of 
"Military  Adviser  to  the  President."  General  Robert  E.  Lee 
was  selected  to  fill  the  position  and  entered  at  once  upon  his  du- 
ties (March  13th,  1862).  The  staff  allowed  him  was  a  military 
secretary  with  the  rank  of  colonel  (Armistead  L.  Long)  and 
four  aides  each  with  the  rank  of  major  (Randolph  Talcott, 
Walter  H.  Taylor,  Charles  S.  Venable  and  Charles  Marshall). 
Venable  was  promoted  Lieutenant  Colonel  November  4th,  1864. 
He  served  continuously  on  Lee's  staff  from  1862  until  the  sur- 
render of  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia  at  Appomattox, 
April  9th,  1865,  brought  the  war  to  its  heroic  close. 

UNIVERSITY    PROFESSOR    AND    EXECUTIVE. 

1865-1900. 

The  Board  of  Visitors  of  the  University  of  Virginia  met  in 
August,  1865,  and  proceeded  to  reorganize  the  school  upon  a 
peace  basis.  Colonel  Venable  was  elected  Professor  of  Mathe- 
matics, and  assumed  his  new  duties  on  October  1st.  Thence- 
forward his  ample  training  as  a  geometer  and  his  rare  powers 
of  administration  were  consecrated  to  the  service  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  his  native  state.  Equally  eminent  as  a  professor  and 
an  executive,  beloved  and  trusted  by  his  colleagues  and  his  stu- 
dents, wise  in  council  and  vigorous  in  action,  he  projected  his 
life  into  the  life  of  the  school,  and  by  his  leadership  largely 
governed  its  development.  Mainly  through  his  influence  and  ac- 
tivity new  courses  were  added  in  Applied  Mathematics,  in  Ap- 
plied Chemistry,  in  Geology,  in  Natural  History  and  in  Prac- 
tical Astronomy.  His  efforts  were  potent  in  securing  the  en- 
dowment funds  contributed  by  the  alumni  and  by  Mr.  Cor- 
coran, Mr.  Vanderbilt,  Mr.  Miller,  and  Mr.  McCormick.  His 
old  companions  in  arms  heard  him  gladly,  and  as  members  of 
the  State  Legislature,  voted  for  larger  annuities  to  the  Univer- 
sity and  for  modernized  plans  of  educational  work.  During  two 
periods  (1870-1874  and  1886-1888)  he  served  as  Chairman  of 
the  Faculty,  governing  earnestly  and  strictly,  yet  with  such  pene- 
trating and  genuine  sympathy  for  the  characters  and  motives  of 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  43 

young  men  as  to  augment  and  intensify  their  general  love  and 
respect.  Only  in  June,  1896,  when  thirty  rich  and  crowded  years 
had  left  their  permanent  strain  on  his  physical  powers,  did  he 
ask  for  release.  His  last  four  years  were  sweetened  by  the  care 
and  affection  of  an  adoring  family,  by  the  honour  and  rever- 
ence of  his  troops  of  friends,  by  the  changeless  love  of  his  old 
students,  and  by  the  sacred  assurances  of  a  deep  and  precious 
religious  faith.  On  August  llth,  1900,  with  life's  earnest  and 
faithful  labours  nobly  ended,  he  entered  into  his  everlasting 
rest. 

CHARLES  C.  WERTENBAKER. 
BY  JOHN  S.  PATTON. 

Charles  Christian  Wertenbaker  was  born  in  Charlottesville 
in  1835  and  died  in  Waynesboro,  Va.,  April  9th,  1919.  He  was 
the  son  of  William  Wertenbaker  whom  Jefferson  appointed  Li- 
brarian of  the  University  of  Virginia,  in  which  office  William 
Wertenbaker  died.  His  first  wife  was  Mary  Ella  Poindexter, 
daughter  of  the  late  Dr.  James  W.  Poindexter.  The  children  of 
that  union  were :  Dr.  Charles  P.  Wertenbaker,  who  for  many 
years  and  at  the  time  of  his  death  was  a  medical  expert  con- 
nected with  the  United  States  Marine  service ;  Mrs.  George  M. 
Saunders  of  Clermont,  South  Carolina;  Mrs.  Henry  G.  Fergu- 
son of  Waynesboro ;  and  Mrs.  Douglas  Lef twich,  deceased.  The 
second  Mrs.  Wertenbaker  was  Fannie  Thomas  Leftwich.  The 
children  of  this  union  were :  Dr.  William  Wertenbaker  of  Wil- 
mington, Del. ;  Colonel  L.  Wertenbaker,  U.  S.  A. ;  and  Dr. 
Thomas  J.  Wertenbaker  of  Princeton,  New  Jersey. 

His  first  military  service  was  as  a  member  of  Company  A  of 
the  Nineteenth  Virginia  Regiment,  known  as  the  Monticello 
Guard,  with  which  he  went  to  Harper's  Ferry  in  1859  on  ac- 
count of  the  John  Brown  insurrection.  He  was  elected  first 
lieutenant  of  his  company  when  it  entered  the  Civil  War  and 
later  was  appointed  adjutant  of  his  regiment.  At  the  close  of 
the  war  he  returned  to  Charlottesville  and  became  a  manufac- 
turer of  cigars,  famous  throughout  the  country  for  their  excel- 
lence. He  was  captain  of  the  Monticello  Guard  for  many 


44  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

years  and  until  elected  colonel  of  the  Third  Virginia  Regiment 
of  the  State  militia. 

Colonel  Wertenbaker  was  deeply  interested  in  all  good  social 
movements  and  in  the  work  of  the  Baptist  Church,  of  which  he 
was  a  devoted  member  to  the  end  of  his  life.  Few  men  have  had 
a  larger  number  of  attached  friends  and  no  one  was  ever  more 
loyal  or  generous.  He  was  a  typical  Virginian,  with  some  of 
the  attractive  faults  of  his  class  and  practically  all  of  the  charm 
that  goes  to  make  up  the  character  we  have  in  mind  when  we 
use  the  designation  "old  Virginia  gentleman." 


MAJORS. 

MAJOR  C.  H.  S.  BAXTER. 
BY  His  DAUGHTER,  MRS.  W.  G.  STRICKLER. 

Major  C.  H.  S.  Baxter  was  born  in  Christiansburg,  Mont- 
gomery County,  October  9th,  1839. 

He  belonged  to  the  Pulaski  Guards  and  at  the  outbreak  of 
the  Civil  War  was  one  of  the  first  to  enlist  in  defense  of  his 
Country.  He  entered  the  war  as  a  private  in  Company  D, 
Fourth  Virginia  Infantry,  ^Stonewall  Brigade.  His  devotion  to 
his  commander  was  nothing  short  of  idolatry.  He  worshipped 
and  revered  his  name  to  the  day  of  his  death.  He  was  with  him 
in  his  Valley  Campaign,  in  the  First  and  Second  battles  of  Ma- 
nassas,  at  Cedar  Mountain,  Port  Republic,  Malvern  Hill,  Fred- 
ericksburg,  The  Wilderness,  Harper's  Ferry,  Winchester,  Mid- 
dletown  and  Front  Royal.  He  was  severely  wounded  at  Cedar 
Creek,  being  shot  five  times.  The  last  time  his  horse  was  shot 
from  under  him,  and  in  falling  crushed  his  limb,  leaving  him  a 
cripple  for  the  remainder  of  his  life.  At  the  battle  of  Monocacy 
he  gave  his  horse  to  General  John  B.  Gordon,  the  latter's  horse 
having  been  shot  from  under  him.  For  this  act  he  received, 
thirty  years  later,  a  life-size  portrait  of  General  Gordon,  and 
a  letter  telling  of  the  wonderful  courage  and  devotion  of  the 
Southern  soldier.  He  served  with  great  distinction  throughout 
the  war,  and  at  its  close  went  to  Front  Royal,  Va.,  and  engaged 
in  the  hotel  business. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  45 

In  1871  he  married  Miss  V.  V.  Grant,  a  near  relative  of  Gen- 
eral U.  S.  Grant.  He  moved  to  Charlottesville  in  1888,  and  died 
January  20th,  1917,  aged  seventy-eight  years. 

There  never  lived  a  braver  soldier  nor  a  truer  sympathizer, 
his  daily  conversation  was  his  beloved  South  and  his  thrice 
loved  commander.  He  has  joined  him  in  the  great  beyond, 
where  there  is  no  more  sorrow. 

MAJOR  WM.  N.  BERKELEY. 
BY  F.  L.  BERKELEY. 

William  Noland  Berkeley,  second  son  of  Lewis  Berkeley,  o.f 
Barn  Elms,  Middlesex  County,  later  of  Aldie,  Loudoun  County, 
Virginia,  and  of  Frances  Callander  Noland,  his  wife,  was  born 
at  Aldie,  February  28th,  1826. 

He  attended  the  Episcopal  High  School  and  William  and 
Mary  College,  where  he  was  graduated  in  1845,  with  the  de- 
gree of  Bachelor  of  Arts.  After  completing  the  Law  course, 
he  passed  his  examination  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but 
never  practiced  his  profession,  devoting  himself  to  the  man- 
agement of  his  father's  business  affairs. 

Upon  the  death  of  his  father  he  inherited  the  estate  at  Aldie. 
He  married  in  1851,  Cynthia  White  Smith,  daughter  of  Briga- 
ier-General  Thomas  A.  Smith,  U.  S.  A.,  by  whom  he  had  five 
children :  Lucy  Beverley,  Cynthia  White,  Francis  Lewis,  Mary 
Edmonia  and  Frances  Callander,  of  whom  the  last  mentioned 
married  Rev.  H.  H.  Williams,  and  now,  (1919),  lives  at  "The 
Grove,"  in  Charlottesville.  Francis  L.  married  Ethel  Crissey, 
and  now  lives  on  his  farm,  Rockland,  near  Red  Hill,  Albemarle 
County. 

Upon  the  outbreak  of  the  Civil  War,  William  N.  Berkeley 
was  chosen  (at  the  election  held  for  the  purpose),  Captain  of 
Company  C,  of  the  Eighth  Virginia  Regiment,  and  his  young- 
est brother,  Charles  F.  Berkeley,  First  Lieutenant  of  the  same 
regiment. 

This  company  had  been  organized  sometime  before  the  war 
and  was  called  "Champe  Rifles"  (in  honor  of  Sergeant  Champe, 
of  Revolutionary  fame,  and  had  been  commanded  by  William 


46  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

Berkeley's  youngest  brother,  Norborne,  who  was  now  promoted 
to  be  major  of  the  Eighth,  commanded  by  Colonel  Eppa  Hunton. 

The  eldest  brother,  Edward,  had  also  been  chosen  captain 
by  his  men ;  and  thus  the  four  Berkeley  brothers  all  became  offi- 
cers of  that  splendid  regiment,  afterwards  known  as  the  "Old 
Bloody  Eighth."  In  the  battle  of  Gettysburg  Captain  William 
Berkeley  and  two  of  his  brothers,  Edward  and  Norborne,  were 
seriously  wounded,  and  the  youngest,  Charles,  found  himself, 
as  the  sole  surviving  officer,  in  cdmmand  of  sixteen  men — all 
of  the  gallant  Eighth  to  return  from  that  bloody  field. 

After  the  promotion  which  followed  Gettysburg,  the  officers 
of  the  Eighth  were :  Norborne  Berkeley,  Colonel ;  Edward 
Berkeley,  Lieutenant  Colonel;  William  N.  Berkeley,  Major; 
and  Charles  F.  Berkeley,  Senior  Captain,  and  it  was  commonly 
called  "The  Berkeley  Regiment." 

In  1876,  Major  William  N.  Berkeley  removed  to  his  planta- 
tion, "Hays,"  in  King  William  County,  and  a  few  years  later, 
to  Albemarle  County,  where  he  lived  until  his  death  in  1907. 

MAJOR  WILLIAM  LYNN  COCHRAN. 
BY  MRS.  JOHN  M.  PRESTON. 

Major  William  Lynn  Cochran  was  born  in  May,  1838;  died 
September  22nd,  1875.  He  was  the  fifth  son  of  John  Cochran 
and  Margaret  Lynn  Lewis,  his  wife.  He  was  educated  in  the 
schools  of  Albemarle  and  at  the  University  of  Virginia,  gradu- 
ating at  the  University  in  both  the  Academic  and  Law  Depart- 
ments. 

In  early  youth  he  was  afflicted  with  "white  swelling,"  which 
left  one  leg  very  much  shorter  than  the  other,  rendering  him 
unfit  for  military  duty.  Being  determined  to  take  part  in  the 
Confederate  service,  he  entered  the  Quatermaster's  Department, 
and  was  commissioned  Major.  He  served  during  the  entire 
war,  being  stationed  principally  in  Southwest  Virginia  with 
quarters  near  Dublin. 

After  the  war  he  settled  down  to  the  practice  of  law  in  Char- 
lottesville. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  47 

In  1868,  he  was  elected  mayor  of  the  town,  which  office  he 
held  until  his  death. 

He  was  an  active  member  of  the  order  of  Masons,  Odd  Fel- 
lows, Knights  of  Pythias,  and  of  the  Monticello  Guard. 

He  never  married. 


MAJOR  JAMES  GAVIN  FIELD. 

BY  W.  ALLAN  PERKINS. 

James  Gavin  Field  was  born  at  "Walnut,"  Culpeper  County 
Virginia,  February  24th,  1826,  the  son  of  Lewis  Yancey  and 
Maria  (Duncan)  Field,  and  a  descendant  of  an  old  English 
family,  his  first  American  ancestors  having  landed  at  James- 
town in  1631. 

In  his  early  life  he  taught  school  for  a  short  time,  and  then 
engaged  in  the  mercantile  business  at  Culpeper  under  Major 
Thomas  Hill,  the  father  of  General  Ambrose  Powell  Hill, 
C.  S.  A. 

In  1848  he  went  to  Mexico  as  assistant  to  Major  Henry  Hill, 
chief  paymaster  of  the  United  States  Army  in  the  war  with 
Mexico.  At  the  close  of  that  war  he  went  to  California  with 
the  army  of  occupation  and  while  there  was  chosen  secretary 
of  the  convention  that  framed  the  first  constitution  of  that  state 
in  1850. 

In  October  of  the  same  year  he  returned  to  Virginia  and  com- 
menced the  study  of  law.  He  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1852 
and  continued  in  active  practice  until  his  death.  He  was  Com- 
monwealth's Attorney  for  Culpeper  County  during  1859-61. 

At  the  opening  of  the  war  he  enlisted  in  the  Culpeper  Min- 
ute Men  and  accompanied  that  company  to  the  attack  and  cap- 
ture of  Harper's  Ferry.  Soon  thereafter  he  was  appointed  on 
the  staff  of  General  A.  P.  Hill,  who  was  then  Colonel  of  the 
Thirteenth  Virginia  Regiment,  and  continued  to  serve  on  Gen- 
eral Hill's  staff  during  the  subsequent  promotions  of  the  latter, 
until  he  became  Chief  Quartermaster  of  Hill's  corps  with  the 
rank  of  Major,  in  which  position  he  served  until  his  surrender 
with  General  Lee's  Army  at  Appomattox. 

Twice  he  received  slight  wounds,  but  at  the  battle  of  Slaugh- 


48  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

ter's  Mountain,  August  9th,  1862,  he  lost  a  leg.  As  soon  as  he 
was  sufficiently  recovered  he  set  out  for  the  army,  and  reached 
Gettysburg  during  the  third  day's  fight  there.  Thereafter  he 
was  continually  with  Hill's  corps  until  Appomattox. 

After  the  close  of  the  war  he  resumed  his  law  practice  at  Cul- 
peper.  In  1877  he  was  appointed  by  Governor  James  L.  Kem- 
per  Attorney  General  of  the  State,  to  fill  the  unexpired  term  of 
Raleigh  T.  Daniel,  deceased,  and  at  the  subsequent  election  was 
chosen  to  fill  this  office  during  the  term  of  Governor  Holladay. 

In  1892  he  was  nominated  by  the  Omaha  Convention  as  a 
Peoples  Party  candidate  for  vice-president  of  the  United  States, 
on  the  ticket  with  James  B.  Weaver  for  president,  and  received 
twenty-two  electoral  votes  and  1,041,028  popular  votes. 

His  title  "General"  was  acquired  from  his  appointment  by 
Governor  Kemper  in  1876  to  the  honorary  rank  of  Major-Gen- 
eral of  Virginia  Volunteers  (militia),  but  he  always  greatly 
preferred  to  be  addressed  as  "Major,"  which  title  he  had  earned 
by  active  service  in  the  Civil  War. 

His  last  years  were  spent  on  his  farm,  "Windsor,"  in  Albe- 
marle  County,  where  he  died  on  May  12th,  1902.  He  was 
buried  at  Culpeper. 


MAJOR  HORACE  W.  JONES. 
JUDGE  A.  D.  DABNEY. 

Major  Horace  W.  Jones,  of  the  famous  Pickett's  Division, 
was  born  in  Fluvanna  County,  Virginia,  July  29th,  1835,  of  dis- 
tinguished parentage. 

In  1854  he  entered  the  University  of  Virginia.  The  next  year 
he  began  teaching — the  career  he  so  long  and  so  well  adorned. 
When  the  war  began  he  left  his  teacher's  desk  for  the  sterner 
task,  and  enlisted  as  a  private  in  Company  D  of  the  famous 
Albemarle  Rifles.  His  great  executive  ability  and  devotion  to 
duty  soon  earned  his  commission,  and  he  became  regimental 
and  then  brigade  quartermaster,  with  the  rank  of  Major,  on 
the  staff  of  General  George  E.  Pickett.  In  all  the  engagements 
of  this  fighting  division,  including  that  immortal  charge  at 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  49 

Gettysburg,  Major  Jones  bore  his  part  well  and  bravely  with 
his  characteristic  sublime  devotion  to  duty. 

Immediately  on  laying  down  his  sword  at  Appomattox,  the 
faithful  teacher  again  took  up  his  book.  He  started  a  little 
school  at  his  farm  near  Charlottesville.  At  first  there  were  only 
six  pupils,  but  as  the  number  increased,  he  moved  into  the  town, 
and  soon  had  so  large  a  school  as  to  require  help,  and  he  formed 
a  partnership  with  Mr.  W.  R.  Abbott.  Subsequently  he  moved 
to  Hanover  and  taught  with  his  equally  famous  brother,  Col- 
onel Hilleary  P.  Jones,  at  the  celebrated  Hanover  Academy. 
Afterwards  "The  Major,"  as  he  had  by  then  become  affection- 
ately known  to  all  his  "boys,"  returned  to  Charlottesville  and 
opened  the  "Jones  University  School,"  which  he  continued  with 
great  success  until  a  short  while  before  his  death  on  June  2nd, 
1904. 

Major  Jones  left  a  widow,  formerly  Miss  Sue  J.  Duke,  of 
that  celebrated  Albemarle  family,  and  four  sons  and  three 
daughters. 

Few  men  have  left  a  greater  impress  for  good  than  Major 
Jones.  Not  only  did  he  have  the  wonderful  faculty  of  impart- 
ing his  great  knowledge  to  hundreds  of  our  young  manhood, 
but  better  still  he  left  to  them  the  precept  of  his  sternly  noble 
character,  molded  more  perfect  by  the  fires  of  war  for  the  Lost 
Cause. 

MAJOR  ROBERT  FRENCH  MASON. 
BY  LACY  L.  IRVINE. 

Major  Robert  French  Mason,  son  of  JVTaynadier  and  Vir- 
ginia (French)  Mason,  both  of  whom  were  members  of  prom- 
inent Virginia  families,  was  born  at  "Clermont,"  the  handsome 
old  estate  of  his  father  on  Analoston  Island,  Fairfax  County, 
Virginia.  He  was  a  direct  descendant  of  George  Mason  of 
Gunston  Hall,  who  was  one  of  the  signers  of  the  "Bill  of 
Rights." 

The  greater  part  of  Major  Mason's  life  after  the  Civil  War, 
was  spent  in  Charlottesville  and  in  Albemarle  County,  where 
he  was  engaged  in  various  railroad  and  mining  enterprises. 


50  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

He  married  Miss  Margaret  Kearnes  Cooke,  of  "The  Brook," 
near  Rio.  To  them  were  .born  five  children:  Robert  French, 
George  Lee,  Maynadier,  Virginia  (Mrs.  Benjamin  S.  Minor) 
and  Margaret  Cook.  Surviving  are  the  following,  all  of  whom 
reside  in  Washington:  Dr.  Robert  French  Mason,  George  Lee 
Mason  and  Mrs.  Benjamin  S.  Minor. 

Major  Mason  possessed  the  qualities  of  kindness,  generosity 
and  fair  dealing,  which  won  for  him  the  highest  regard  and 
greatest  admiration  of  a  host  of  friends.  As  a  mere  boy  he 
joined  the  army  of  the  Confederacy,  in  which  he  served  with  dis- 
tinction for  four  years  as  a  member  of  General  Fitzhugh  Lee's 
staff.  He  has  to  his  credit  many  acts  of  unusual  bravery, 
and  well  deserved  the  name  of  "Fighting  Bob,"  by  which  he 
was  known  to  those  with  whom  he  was  associated  during  the 
war. 

MAJOR  M.  GREEN  PEYTON. 

BY   F.    P.    DUNNINGTON. 

Moses  Green  Peyton,  the  son  of  General  Bernard  Peyton,  of 
Richmond,  Virginia,  and  Julia  Amanda  Green,  of  Culpeper, 
Virginia,  was  born  July  6th,  1828,  at  Liberty  Hall  near  Cul- 
peper. His  early  life  was  passed  chiefly  in  Richmond.  In  1846 
he  entered  the  University,  where  he  received  the  degrees  of 
A.  B.  and  C.  E. 

As  an  engineer  he  worked  under  Mr.  Wm.  Mahone,  later 
General  Mahone,  in  the  building  of  the  Norfolk  &  Western 
Railroad,  and  was  Chief  Engineer  at  the  outbreak  of  the  Civil 
War. 

In  the  year  1850,  he  married  Martha  Champe  Carter,  daugh- 
ter of  Dr.  Charles  Carter  of  Charlottesville,  by  whom  three 
children,  Bernard,  Charles  and  Champe,  were  born  prior  to 
1861. 

At  the  secession  of  Virginia,  he  volunteered  and  was  ap- 
pointed Lieutenant  A.  D.  C.  to  Brigadier  General  R.  E.  Rhodes. 
Later  he  was  on  the  staff  of  General  Rhodes,  of  General  Bryan 
Grimes  and  of  General  John  B.  Gordon,  with  whom  he  was 
serving  at  the  cessation  of  hostilities.  From  the  memoirs  of 
General  Gordon,  we  read:  "Maj.  Peyton  was  the  ranking  staff 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  51 

officer  in  the  corps,  and  his  fidelity,  courage  and  great  efficiency 
had  long  been  recognized  in  the  field  and  by  the  War  Depart- 
ment in  Richmond.  His  never-failing  cheerfulness  and  hope, 
his  words  of  encouragement  and  good  humor  under  the  most 
trying  circumstances,  made  him  a  delightful  companion  on  the 
march,  at  the  mess,  around  the  campfire,  and  everywhere." 

Throughout  the  war,  he  was  accompanied  by  a  faithful  negro 
body  servant,  Humphrey  Shelton,  who  cared  for  his  wants  as 
earnestly  after  the  emancipation  as  he  had  while  a  slave  in  his 
master's  possession.  After  the  war  "Uncle  Humphrey"  became 
a  trusted  servant  to  the  University,  where  he  served  faithfully 
and  efficiently  for  almost  fifty  years,  and  was  pensioned  by  the 
Visitors  during  the  last  five  years  of  his  life. 

After  the  surrender,  Major  Peyton  gave  assistance  to  Mr. 
James  Southall  in  editing  "The  Weekly  Chronicle,"  a  newspa- 
per in  Charlottesville,  and  in  1868  was  elected  Proctor  and 
Superintendent  of  Grounds  and  Buildings  at  the  University  of 
Virginia,  which  position  he  held,  with  a  short  interruption,  un- 
til his  death  in  1897.  Quoting  from  the  records  of  the  Visit- 
ors :  "For  a  period  of  more  than  twenty-five  years,  he  was  a 
faithful  and  trusted  officer  of  the  University,  giving  to  the  dis- 
charge of  the  duties  of  the  office  he  so  ably  filled,  all  the  energy 
and  talents  with  which  he  was  so  remarkably  endowed." 


CAPTAINS 

CAPTAIN  JAMES  YATES  BRAGG. 
BY  H.  P.  BRAGG. 

Captain  James  Yates  Bragg,  son  of  James  Ross  and  Sarah 
Yates  Bragg,  was  born  near  Lindsay,  Albemarle  County,  Va., 
November  4th,  1843. 

He  entered  the  Confederate  service  in  April,  1861,  at  the  age 
of  eighteen,  holding  the  rank  of  first  sergeant  of  the  company 
he  helped  to  organize — Company  E,  Nineteenth  Virginia  Regi- 
ment of  Infantry.  He  was  in  Pickett's  famous  charge,  and  was 
twice  promoted  on  the  field.  He  saw  every  man  in  his  com- 


52  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

pany  fall  in  that  great  charge,  and  was  one  of  the  few  who 
reached  the^  stone  wall  and  broke  through  the  first  line  of  de- 
fense. He  was  taken  prisoner,  but  the  spirit  and  fearlessness 
of  the  young  officer  was  shown  when  he  refused  to  surrender 
his  sword  to  a  Yankee  sergeant  who  rudely  attempted  to  dis- 
arm him.  "I  will  surrender  my  sword  only  to  an  officer  of  my 
own  rank,"  he  said,  "and  the  only  way  you  can  get  it  is  to  kill 
me."  An  officer  near  by,  noting  the  contention,  approached  and 
courteously  intervened.  On  the  receipt  of  the  sword  the  offi- 
cer stated  that  he  would  always  keep  it  as  a  memento  of  the 
occasion  and  incident,  and  later  showed  the  young  prisoner 
many  favors.  This  sword  was  a  gift  from  Colonel  C.  S.  Peyton, 
who  in  later  years  spoke  of  Captain  Bragg  as,  "A  gallant  offi- 
cer of  soldierly  bearing,  well  fitted  for  his  position,  and  always 
performing  his  duties  in  a  most  satisfactory  and  military  man- 
ner." 

Captain  Bragg  was  imprisoned  at  Fort  Delaware,  Point 
Lookout,  and  finally  taken  to  the  officers'  prison  on  Johnson's 
Island,  Lake  Erie.  He  was  later  exchanged,  and  surrendered 
with  Lee  at  Appomattox. 

After  the  surrender  he  returned  to  his  native  country,  and 
in  a  short  time  married  Miss  Ella  V.  Eitz,  daughter  of  the  late 
James  Fitz,  prominent  citizen  and  author.  He  made  his  home 
near  Stony  Point,  Albemarle  County,  Virginia,  where  he  en- 
gaged in  farming  for  many  years.  Owing  to  a  paralytic  stroke 
in  1912,  he  was  forced  to  retire  from  active  life,  and  his  re- 
maining years  were  spent  among  his  children.  He  was  full 
of  reminiscences  of  the  great  struggle,  and  never  tired  of  telling 
of  the  many  and  interesting  experiences  of  that  eventful  period. 

Captain  Bragg  died  at  the  home  of  his  son,  Henry  P.  Bragg, 
of  Richmond,  Virginia,  on  the  9th  of  April,  1919,  in  the  77th 
year  of  his  age,  and  on  the  fifty-fourth  anniversary  of  Lee's 
surrender  at  Appomattox.  He  left  a  widow  and  eight  children. 
In  obedience  to  his  last  request,  he  was  buried  in  the  Confed- 
erate Soldier's  Section  in  Hollywood  Cemetery,  Richmond, 
Virginia. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  53 

CAPTAIN  HOWE  PEYTON  COCHRAN. 
BY  MRS.  JOHN  M.  PRESTON. 

Howe  Peyton  Cochran,  fourth  son  of  John  Cochran  and 
his  wife  Margaret  Lynn  Lewis,  was  born  in  Charlottes ville,  Vir- 
ginia, September,  1834,  and  died  in  Staunton,  Virginia,  Sep- 
tember 28th,  1892.  He  was  educated  at  "Hanover  Academy" 
and  at  the  University  of  Virginia,  graduating  from  the  latter  in- 
stitution. 

He  married,  first,  Miss  N.  L.  Carrington,  who  left  one  son. 
His  second  wife  was  Miss  Jennie  Lewis  Kent,  by  whom  he  had 
one  daughter. 

He  devoted  himself  to  literary  pursuits  and  attained  an  en- 
viable reputation  as  a  scholar.  Before  the  war  he  was  Assist- 
ant Professor  of  Mathematics  at  the  University  of  Virginia.  He 
entered  the  army  at  the  first  call,  and  was  in  Magruder's  com- 
mand near  Williamsburg,  with  the  title  of  Captain.  In  1863  he 
was  transferred  to  the  Ordnance  Department  of  Pickett's  Di- 
vision with  the  title  of  Major. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  Charlottesville  Presbyterian  Church. 

CAPTAIN  JOHN  LEWIS  COCHRAN. 
BY  MRS.  JOHN  M.  PRESTON. 

John  Lewis  Cochran  was  the  eldest  of  eight  brothers,  six  of 
whom  grew  to  manhood  and  served  in  the  Confederate  States 
Army. 

He  was  educated  entirely  in  Virginia  and  was  a  graduate  of 
the  University  of  Virginia. 

He  was  born  August  22nd,  1827,  the  son  of  John  Cochran 
and  his  wife  Margaret  Lynn  Lewis,  and  was  reared  in  Char- 
lottesville. After  graduating  he  began  the  practice  of  law  here. 
He  was  for  some  years  editor  of  the  Charlottesville  Advocate, 
and  was  early  elected  Commonwealth's  Attorney.  After  the 
close  of  the  war  he  was  made  Judge  of  the  County  Court,  and 
in  this  capacity  had  charge  of  the  organizing  and  building  of  the 
Miller  School  near  Crozet. 


54  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

He  married  (August  27th,  1868)  Mrs.  Alary  James  Massie 
of  Chillicothe,  Ohio,  to  which  union  three  children  were  born — 
John  Lewis  Cochran  of  Denver,  Colorado,  Mary  Massie  Coch- 
ran  (Mrs.  Lee  Thurman  of  Columbus,  Ohio)  deceased,  and 
William  Lynn  Cochran,  who  died  upon  reaching  manhood. 

Through  his  father  Judge  Cochran  was  the  descendant  of  the 
families  of  Moffett  and  McDowell,  and  through  his  mother,  of 
the  Prestons  and  Lewises,  all  names  well  and  honorably  known 
in  the  history  of  America  as  soldiers,  statesmen  and  patriots. 

Judge  Cochran  was  always,  to  the  end  of  his  life,  interested 
in  everything  pertaining  to  the  uplift  and  growth  of  Charlottes- 
ville  and  Albemarle  County.  He  was  a  Mason  and  held  promi- 
nent offices  in  the  organization.  Late  in  life  he  was  confirmed 
in  the  Episcopal  church  by  Bishop  Whittle.  He  died  March 
16th,  1900,  mourned  by  the  entire  community,  for  he  was  be- 
loved and  admired  by  all  who  knew  him. 

John  Lewis  Cochran  volunteered  at  the  first  call  to  arms  and 
entered  the  Confederate  service  as  First-Lieutenant,  Albemarle 
Rifles,  Company  B,  Nineteenth  Virginia  Regiment  of  which 
R.  T.  W.  Duke  was  captain.  He  succeeded  to  the  captaincy 
when  Captain  Duke  was  promoted,  and  as  such  was  with  the 
company  in  several  campaigns  until  he  was  elected  Judge  Ad- 
vocate of  Longstreet's  Corps,  in  which  capacity  he  served  until 
the  end  of  the  war.  \ 

By  reference  to  letters,  written  on  the  field  and  in  camp,  we 
find  he  was  present  at  the  following  battles  and  skirmishes : 
Fairfax  Court  House;  Fredericksburg,  December,  1862;  The 
Maryland  Campaign,  under  Captain  Duke;  Chancellorsville, 
May,  1863;  Spotsylvania  C.  H.,  May  13th,  1864;  Cold  Harbor, 
second  fight,  June  3rd,  1864;  and  "The  Crater"  at  Petersburg, 
July  1864.  His  military  court  was  for  many  months  stationed 
at  various  places  in  the  southwestern  part  of  the  State,  and  in 
east  Tennessee  at  Russellville,  Jonesboro,  Morristown  and 
Bristol ;  but  from  June,  1864,  until  the  end,  between  Richmond 
and  Petersburg. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  55 

CAPTAIN  JOHN  C.  CULIN. 
BY  C.  B.  LINNEY. 

Captain  J.  C.  Culin  was  a  native  of  Philadelphia,  Pennsyl- 
vania, and  as  a  young  man  moved  to  Richmond,  where  he  was 
an  active  member  of  the  Richmond  Grays.  Previous  to  the 
war  he  came  to  Charlottesville  to  live,  and  was  elected  Captain 
of  the  Monticello  Guard,  Company  A,  Nineteenth  Virginia  In- 
fantry. He  served  during  the  war,  and  was  wounded  seven 
times,  in  fact,  wounded  in  nearly  every  battle  in  which  he  par- 
ticipated. He  was  a  born  soldier  and  a  fine  drill  master.  He  lost 
a  leg  at  the  battle  of  Five  Forks,  and  was  taken  prisoner.  After 
the  war  he  engaged  in  business  in  Charlottesville,  and  was  al- 
ways an  active  member  of  the  Monticello  Guard.  In  1881,  he 
was  appointed  Assistant  Quartermaster  of  the  Third  Regiment 
of  Virginia  Volunteers.  He  was  generous  to  a  fault,  kind- 
hearted,  and  had  many  friends.  He  died  December  14th,  1890. 

CAPTAIN  EUGENE  DAVIS. 
BY  DR.  JOHN  STAIGE  DAVIS. 

Eugene  Davis,  son  of  John  A.  G.  Davis  and  Mary  Jane  Ter- 
rel,  his  wife,  was  born  at  Prospect  Hill,  Middlesex  County,  Vir- 
ginia, March,  1822.  He  was  brought  to  Albemarle  County  in 
1824,  living  first  in  Charlottesville  for  two  years  at  the  "old 
corner"  on  High  Street.  His  parents  then  moved  to  "The 
Farm,"  which  his  father  had  purchased  from  the  Lewis  estate. 
He  attended  the  University  of  Virginia  from  1835  to  1840,  and 
graduated  with  the  degrees  of  M.  A.  and  B.  L. 

His  marriage  to  Miss  Patsy  Morris,  of  the  Green  Springs, 
took  place  in  1844.  He  practiced  law  in  Charlottesville  up  to 
the  death  of  his  wife  in  1847.  Thereafter  until  the  outbreak  of 
the  Civil  War  he  engaged  in  farming,  to  which  he  was  always 
devoted,  and  which  he  resumed  after  the  surrender. 

On  the  outbreak  of  hostilities  in*  1861,  he  collected  a  troop  of 
cavalry,  called  the  Albemarle  Light-Horse,  and  was  elected  its 
Captain.  In  this  capacity  he  fought  through  the  First  Battle  of 


56  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

Manassas,  but  was  afterward  attacked  by  a  severe  digestive  dis- 
order, from  which  he  never  entirely  recovered.  After  a  year's 
illness  he  regained  his  health  in  some  degree  and  for  several 
months  was  attached  to  General  Pendleton's  Staff  during  the 
battles  around  Richmond.  After  this  voluntary  detail,  he  en- 
listed as  a  private  in  the  Clark  Cavalry  and  saw  service  in  a 
number  of  engagements  during  the  next  two  years,  until  he  was 
captured  at  the  battle  of  Yellow  Tavern. 

His  first  incarceration  was  at  Point  Lookout,  Maryland,  but 
later  he  was  transferred  to  Elmira,  New  York.  There  he 
worked  and  suffered  many  hardships  during  the  fall  and  winter 
of  '64  and  '65.  During  this  time  a  large  school  amongst  his  fel- 
low prisoners  was  started  by  him,  the  few  necessary  books  be- 
ing supplied  by  some  generous  and  considerate  Northern 
friends.  He  was  finally  exchanged  and  reached  home  a  few 
days  before  Lee's  surrender. 

From  that  time  Charlottesville  was  his  residence,  until  1874, 
when  the  move  was  made  to  his  cherished  farm,  "Willoughby," 
two  miles  south  of  the  city,  and  where  he  died  on  May  19th, 
1894. 

Up  to  his  last  day  he  maintained  an  active  and  efficient  in- 
terest in  the  civic  and  religious  life  of  the  community. 

He  served  one  term  as  Mayor  of  Charlottesville,  was  the 
first  County  Superintendent  of  Sunday  Schools,  and  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  vestry  of  Christ  Church  for  forty  years. 


CAPTAIN  JAMES  MERCER  GARNETT. 
BY  MILTON  W.  HUMPHREYS. 

James  Mercer  Garnett  was  born  at  Aldie,  Loudoun  County, 
Virginia,  April  24th,  1840,  and  died  in  Baltimore,  Maryland, 
February  18th,  1916.  His  father  was  Theodore  Stanford  Gar- 
nett, his  mother  Florentina  Isadora  (Moreno)  Garnett. 

Having  been  prepared  at  the  Episcopal  High  School  of  Vir- 
ginia, he  entered  the  University  in  1857  and  received  the  de- 
gree of  Master  of  Arts  in  1859.  Having  taught  school  a  year, 


JAMES  MERCER  GARNETT 

CAPTAIN,  ROCKBRIDGE  ARTILLERY,  C.  S.  A. 

Prof.   English   Language   and   Literature, 

University  of  Virginia 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  57 

he  was  pursuing  a  graduate  course  at  the  University  in  1860-61, 
when  he  went  out  with  one  of  the  two  companies  of  volunteers 
formed  there,  and  on  July  13th  he  became  a  member  of  the 
Rockbridge  Artillery.  He  participated  in  the  battle  of  Ma- 
nassas  and  subsequent  engagements  with  distinguished  bravery. 
In  1862  he  was  made  First  Lieutenant  of  Infantry  and  later 
Second  Lieutenant  of  Artillery.  He  rendered  very  efficient 
service  as  aide-de-camp,  and  having  been  promoted  to  the  rank 
of  Captain,  he  was  assigned  to  ordnance  duty.  To  the  end  at 
Appomattox  he  was  Chief  of  Ordnance  of  Rodes's  (Grimes's) 
Division.  He  is  repeatedly  cited  in  reports  by  his  superior  offi- 
cers, including  "Stonewall"  Jackson,  for  gallantry  and  general 
efficiency. 

After  the  war  he  devoted  himself  to  education  and  author- 
ship. The  positions  he  held  were  as  follows : 

1865-6,  Licentiate  in  Ancient  Languages,  University  of  Vir- 
ginia. 

1866-7,  Professor  of  Greek  and  Mathematics,  Louisiana 
State  University. 

1867-8,  Assistant  Principal,  Episcopal  High  School  of  Vir- 
ginia. 

1869-70,  Student  in  Berlin  and  Leipsic. 

1870-1880,  President  of  St.  John's  College,  Annapolis,  Mary- 
land. 

1880-82,  Principal  of  Garnett's  University  School,  Ellicott 
City,  Md. 

1882-1896,  Professor  of  English,  University  of  Virginia. 

1896-7,  Professor  of  English,  Goucher  College,  Baltimore. 

He  spent  the  remainder  of  his  life  in  Baltimore,  teaching 
privately  and  doing  literary  work. 

Professor  Garnett  published  histories  and  sketches  of  several 
members  of  his  paternal  line,  all  men  of  distinction,  and  made 
numerous  important  contributions  to  Virginia  and  Confederate 
history,  including  a  history  of  the  University  of  Virginia 
(1904). 

He  ably  advocated  scholarly  methods  in  teaching  English  and 


58 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 


was  the  author  of  several  papers  and  addresses  on  the  subject, 
and  also  of  several  text-books,  including  an  excellent  transla- 
tion of  Beowulf.  He  also  published  articles  on  various  other 
subjects,  especially  biblical. 

He  was  a  member  of  numerous  organizations,  including  the 
Phi  Beta  Kappa  Society,  and  was  president  of  the  American 
Dialect  Society  ( 1890-91 )  and  of  the  American  Philological  As- 
sociation (1893-4). 

He  was  an  ardent  lover  of  the  Confederate  cause  and  was 
largely  or  chiefly  instrumental  in  the  formation  of  the  John 
Bowie  Strange  Camp  of  Confederate  Veterans,  of  which  he  was 
a  Lieutenant-Commander  from  its  organization  in  1889  until 
1892,  when  he  became  Commander,  and  so  remained  until  he 
removed  from  Charlottes ville  in  1896. 

On  April  19th,  1871,  he  married  Katherine  H.  Noland,  of 
Middleburg,  Virginia,  who,  with  some  other  ladies,  organized  at 
his  residence  the  Albemarle  Chapter  of  the  Daughters  of  the 
Confederacy. 

Professor  Garnett  was  an  earnest  and  zealous  member  of  the 
Protestant  Episcopal  Church,  and  on  Sundays  instructed  a 
class  in  the  Greek  New  Testament. 

He  was  a  man  of  profound  scholarship,  grave  demeanor,  firm 
convictions,  devotion  to  duty,  fidelity  to  friends,  and  strict 
moral  principles ;  an  enemy  of  all  sham  and  superficiality. 


CAPTAIN  JOHN  P.  JONES. 
BY  C.  B.  LINNEY. 

Captain  John  P.  Jones  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  as 
a  member  of  Company  D,  Fifty-sixth  Virginia  Regiment,  at  the 
beginning  of  the  war,  and  served  with  marked  distinction  to  the 
close.  He  was  wounded  during  the  Seven  Days  battles  around 
Richmond,  captured  at  Gettysburg,  and  remained  a  prisoner  un- 
til the  surrender  at  Appomattox. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  59 

CAPTAIN  CARTER  McKEIN  LOUTHAN. 
BY  G.  L.  PETRIE. 

Carter  McKein  Louthan  was  born  at  Millwood,  Clarke 
County,  Virginia,  May  llth,  1838.  He  was  educated  at  schools 
in  Berryville  and  at  the  University  of  Virginia.  While  at  the 
University  he  participated  in  the  organization  of  the  Y.  M. 
C.  A.,  the  first  College  Y.  M.  C.  A.  in  the  world,  and  it  was  his 
privilege  fifty  years  after  to  be  present  and  participate  in  its 
semi-centennial  celebration. 

He  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army,  May  31st,  1861,  as  pri- 
vate in  Company  I,  Second  Virginia  Regiment,  Stonewall  Jack- 
son's Brigade.  He  was  with  Jackson  in  the  Bath  and  Romney 
Campaigns,  January,  1862.  After  this,  because  of  shattered 
health,  he  was  discharged  from  the  army.  Seven  weeks  later 
he  joined  Brooks'  Battery,  Poague's  Battalion,  and  was  in  the 
battles  of  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  Bristow  Station  and 
Mine  Run.  Shortly  after  this  he  was  captured  and  was  a  pris- 
oner for  three  months  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  and  for  seventeen 
months  at  Fort  Delaware.  He  obtained  release  about  two 
months  after  the  surrender  at  Appomattox. 

After  the  war  he  taught  school  for  four  years.  He  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  at  Berryville,  and  was  Commonwealth's  At- 
torney for  Clarke  County  for  about  eight  years.  He  was 
County  Superintendent  of  Schools  for  five  years.  He  was 
Deputy  Collector  of  internal  revenue  under  Presidents  Harri- 
son, McKinley  and  Roosevelt.  Originally  a  Democrat,  he  became 
a  member  of  the  Republican  party  in  1884.  He  was  a  devout 
and  earnest  member  of  the  Baptist  Church,  and  was  for  sev- 
eral years  presiding  officer  of  the  Albemarle  Baptist  Association. 

He  lived  in  Clarke  County  till  1886,  then  removed  to  Madi- 
son County,  where  he  resided  till  1901.  After  that  he  resided 
in  Charlottesville.  He  was  twice  married,  first,  to  Miss  Ella 
Burns;  second,  to  Miss  S.  Edna  Tyler,  who  survives  him. 

He  was  a  brave  and  faithful  soldier  and  made  an  honorable 
record  in  the  military  service  of  the  Confederate  States.  He 
possessed  the  affection  and  confidence  of  those  who  knew  him. 
He  had  a  vigorous,  active  mind,  was  a  forceful  speaker,  and  a 


60  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

graceful,  strong  writer.  He  was  an  entertaining  companion, 
possessing  fine  conversational  powers. 

As  a  member  of  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp,  his  memory  is 
cherished  as  his  comradeship  was  enjoyed. 

Though  he  has  passed  away  from  us,  his  name  is  honorably 
enrolled  amongst  those  who  faithfully  served  the  cause  they 
loved :  a  soldier,  a  patriot,  a  Christian. 


CAPTAIN  JAMES  DAVIS  McINTIRE. 
BY  R.  T.  W.  DUKE,  JR. 

Captain  James  Davis  Mclntire  was  born  in  Charlottesville, 
Virginia,  in  1840.  He  was  a  son  of  George  M.  Mclntire,  Esq., 
a  prominent  business  man  of  this  city,  and  Catherine  Ann 
Clarke,  his  wife,  who  was  a  native  of  Virginia.  His  grand- 
mother was  a  sister  of  the  distinguished  John  A.  G.  Davis, 
Professor  of  Law  in  the  University  of  Virginia. 

Young  Mclntire  attended  private  schools  in  Charlottesville 
until  the  year  1859,  when  he  entered  the'  University  of  Virginia, 
where  he  was  a  student  for  the  session  of  1859-60.  At  the  out- 
break of  the  War  between  the  States  he  entered  the  service  of 
the  C.  S.  A.  as  a  second-lieutenant  of  Company  F  of  the  Nine- 
teenth Virginia  Infantry,  being  subsequently  elected  First-Lieu- 
tenant and  later  Captain  of  that  company.  He  was  adjutant  of 
his  brigade  and  a  most  excellent,  gallant  and  efficient  officer.  He 
was  wounded  at  Second  Manassas,  and  in  the  historic  charge  of 
Pickett's  Division  at  Gettysburg  he  received  another  severe 
wound. 

After  the  surrender  he  returned  to  his  native  city,  later  mov- 
ing to  Richmond,  where  he  engaged  in  the  insurance  business 
with  marked  success.  He  married  Miss  Pauline  Ould  Griffeth, 
of  Baltimore,  on  October  10th,  1874,  and  had  three  children, 
one  of  whom  died  in  infancy.  The  others,  Miss  Katherine  Ang- 
ela Mclntire  and  Miss  Helen  Jeffrey  Mclntire,  survive  him. 
Mrs.  Mclntire  died  some  years  previous  to  the  death  of  her 
husband. 

Mr.  Mclntire  was  a  gentleman  of  high  qualifications,  a  gal- 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  61 

lant  and  distinguished  soldier,  a  sincere  friend  and  a  prominent 
and  useful  citizen.  He  died  in  Richmond,  Virginia,  on  Feb- 
ruary 5th,  1910. 


CAPTAIN  GEORGE  NORRIS. 
By  W.  E.  NORRIS. 

George  Norris  was  a  native  of  Charlottesville,  Virginia.  He 
was  born  in  1837,  and  was  an  alumnus  of  the  John  Bowie 
Strange  Military  Academy. 

In  1861  he  abandoned  his  studies  at  the  University  of  Vir- 
ginia and  entered  the  V.  M.  I.  for  a  short  course  in  military 
instruction  and  training. 

He  was  elected  Lieutenant  of  the  "Border  Guard,"  a  volun- 
teer Albemarle  Company,  recruited  and  commanded  by  Captain 
R.  D.  Crank.  The  company  was  mustered  into  the  service,  June 
23rd,  1861,  and  assigned  to  the  Wise  Legion  at  Lewisburg,  Vir- 
ginia. The  Legion  served  through  a  campaign  in  Western  Vir- 
ginia, during  which  it  fought  in  the  engagement  of  Scarey 
Creek  where  probably  the  first  war  casualties  in  battle  occurred 
among  Albemarle  County  men. 

The  Wise  Legion  was  captured  at  Roanoke  Island  and  pa- 
roled. When  an  exchange  of  the  prisoners  had  been  effected, 
the  command  was  reorganized.  The  Border  Guard  then  elected 
George  Norris  Captain,  and  was  made  Company  D  of  the  Forty- 
Sixth  Virginia  Infantry.  The  command  was  thereafter  known 
as  the  Wise  Brigade.  Captain  Norris  followed  the  fortunes  of 
the  command  to  the  end  of  the  war,  ever  present  at  his  post  of 
duty — in  the  defense  of  Charleston,  S.  C. ;  in  the  battles  immedi- 
ately preceding  the  establishment  of  the  lines  of  defense  about 
Petersburg ;  the  dreary,  disheartening  service  in  those  trenches ; 
the  battles  of  Hatcher's  Run  and  Five  Forks ;  and  on  the  re- 
treat, the  battle  of  Sailors  Creek,  and  in  other  affairs  of  less 
magnitude. 

Though  stern  in  his  requirements  in  the  line  of  military  duty, 
his  men  adored  him,  and  at  his  orders  rendered  the  best  that 
was  in  them.  Outside  of  the  line  of  strictly  military  duty  his 


62  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

manner  was  remarkably  quiet  and  gentle  and  he  enjoyed  the 
esteem  and  confidence  of  his  fellow  officers.  He  surrendered 
at  Appomattox  with  his  Company,  including  his  lieutenants, 
W.  E.  Norris,  Frank  S.  Durrett  and  William  Harris. 

Frank  Durrett  was  a  big-hearted,  lovable  man  and  a  patriotic 
and  efficient  officer. 

George  Norris  and  William  Harris  were  natives  of  Char- 
lottesville  and  Albemarle  County.  They  were  not  members  of 
John  Bowie  Strange  Camp  as  they  did  not  live  to  see  it  organ- 
ized. 


CAPTAIN  THOMAS  RANDOLPH  PRICE. 
BY  PROFESSOR  R.  H.  DABNEY. 

From  Thomas  Price,  who  came  from  Wales  to  Virginia  about 
1740,  was  descended  Thomas  Randolph  Price,  who  was  born 
in  Richmond,  March  18th,  1839,  and  died  in  New  York,  May 
7th,  1903.  Among  his  ancestors  was  Richard  Channing  Moore, 
second  Bishop  of  Virginia.  He  married  Lizzie  Campbell  Trip- 
lett,  who  still  survives  him. 

After  taking  the  degree  of  Master  of  Arts  at  the  University 
of  Virginia,  he  pursued  his  studies  at  the  Universities  of  Ber- 
lin, Kiel,  Athens  and  Paris.  Had  he  been  cowardly  or  selfish, 
he  might  have  remained  in  Europe  when  the  Northern  hosts  in- 
vaded the  South  in  1861.  But,  being  conspicuously  the  reverse, 
he  promptly  ran  the  blockade  and  offered  his  services  to  the 
Confederate  Government.  Assigned  to  .duty  as  Lieutenant  on 
Jeb  Stuart's  Staff,  he  was  later  transferred  to  the  Corps  of  En- 
gineers under  General  Gilmore,  and  rising  to  the  rank  of  Cap- 
tain, served  gallantly  and  efficiently  to  the  close  of  the  war; 
being  sent  by  Lee  in  the  last  days  of  the  Confederacy  to  tell 
President  Davis  in  Danville  that  surrender  was  inevitable. 

Price's  love  for  the  Confederacy  was  based  upon  a  profound 
conviction  of  the  righteousness  of  the  Southern  cause.  For,  al- 
though he  spent  the  last  twenty  years  of  his  life  in  New  York, 
he  scorned  those  Southern  renegades  .who  loudly  gloried  in  the 
fact  that  the  South  had  been  whipped.  Indeed,  a  Northern 
colleague  of  his  at  Columbus,  Professor  Woodbury,  so  respected 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  63 

his  splendid  fidelity  to  the  Lost  Cause  that  he  begins  his  "Reg- 
imen" to  Price's  memory  with  the  line — 

Sleep,  Soldier  of  the  South,  who  loved  me  well! 

and  eulogizes  the  "sweet  patience"  with  which,  after  enduring 
the  supreme  grief  of  seeing  the  Confederacy  fall,  he  bore  all 
the  lesser  ills  of  life. 

For  thou  hadst  borne  the  worst,  and  learned  to  bear 
All  lesser  sorrows  in  one  great  despair. 
O  much  enduring  soul  who  enterest  peace, 
Still  shall  our  love  for  thee  on  earth  increase; 
Now,   poet,   scholar,   soldier,   on    death's    plain 
Sleep  with  thy  early  friends  in  battle  slain. 

At  the  close  of  the  war,  after  teaching  for  a  time  in  a  classi- 
cal school  established  by  himself  and  John  M.  Strother  in  Rich- 
mond, he  became  Professor  of  Latin  and  Greek  at  Randolph- 
Macon  College;  and  then,  dropping  the  Latin,  became  the  first 
Professor  of  English  in  the  South.  In  1876,  however,  he  suc- 
ceeded Gildersleeve  in  the  chair  of  Greek  at  the  University  of 
Virginia.  Here  he  did  splendid  and  happy  work;  but,  when 
summoned  in  1882  to  be  the  first  Professor  of  English  at  Co- 
lumbia, listened  to  the  call  of  his  mother  tongue  and  devoted  the 
rest  of  his  life  to  the  duties  of  his  chair. 

Though  an  ardent  and  inspiring  teacher  of  English,  he  was 
no  narrow  specialist;  for  he  was  familiar  with  three  ancient  and 
six  modern  languages ;  was  a  member  of  the  Greek  Club  in  New 
York ;  spoke  frequently  before  the  American  Oriental  Society ; 
was  President  of  the  Modern  Language  Association ;  delivered 
numerous  addresses;  and  wrote  scholarly  articles  on  various 
literary  and  linguistic  topics. 

All  in  all  he  was  morally,  intellectualy  and  socially  one  of  the 
finest  products  of  the  Old  South. 


64  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

CAPTAIN   STEPHEN  VALENTINE  SOUTH-ALL. 
BY  R.  T.  W.  DUKE,  JR. 

Stephen  Valentine  Southall  was  born  in  Charlottesville,  Vir- 
ginia, on  April  27th,  1830,  and  died  on  November  20th,  1913. 
He  was  a  son  of  the  distinguished  lawyer  Valentine  Wood 
Southall  of  Charlottesville,  Virginia,  whose  mother  was  a  niece 
of  Patrick  Henry.  Mr.  Southall  attended  the  University  in 
the  sessions  of  '47,  '48,  '49  and  '50,  read  law  in  the  office  of  his 
father,  and  commenced  the  practice  of  his  profession  in  Lynch- 
burg,  Virginia,  but  remained  there  only  a  short  while,  return- 
ing to  his  native  city,  where  for  a  long  period  of  years  he  was 
one  of  -the  most  prominent  members  of  the  distinguished  Albe- 
marle  Bar. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  Civil  War  he  entered  the  Confederate 
service  and  was  commissioned  Captain  at  the  reorganization  of 
the  army  in  May,  1862.  He  served  as  Adjutant  in  Long's  Ar- 
tillery, Second  Corps,  Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  and  surren- 
dered with  General  Lee  at  Appomattox  Court  House  on  the 
9th  of  April,  1865. 

After  the  war  he  returned  to  Charlottesville  and  entered  into 
partnership  with  the  distinguished  lawyer  and  jurist,  William  J. 
Robertson,  and  on  Judge  Robertson's  retiring  from  active  prac- 
tice, Mr.  Southall  continued  to  practice  alone.  He  was  a  law- 
yer of  great  ability,  a  powerful  advocate  before  juries,  and  a  re- 
fined and  cultivated  gentleman  of  the  highest  integrity  and  per- 
sonal worth.  He  served  one  term  in  the  legislature  after  the 
reorganization  of  the  State  government,  and  whilst  taking  an 
active  part  in  politics  and  in  all  civic  matters,  was  never  again 
a  candidate  for  any  political  office. 

He  married  Miss  Emily  Voss  and  left  surviving  him  S.  V. 
Southall,  Jr.,  a  prominent  attorney  of  Emporia,  Miss  Mary 
Southall  and  Mrs.  Emily  Dunn,  wife  of  Reverend  Joseph  Dunn, 
of  Lynchburg,  Virginia.  One  daughter,  Mrs.  Dollie  Waters, 
predeceased  her  father,  leaving  one  child. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  65 

CAPTAIN  CHARLES  ERASTUS  VAWTER. 
BY  PROF.  F.  H.  SMITH. 

Charles  Erastus  Yawter  was  born  June  9th,  1841,  in  what  is 
now  Monroe  County,  West  Virginia,  and  died  at  the  Miller 
School,  October  27th,  1905.  He  entered  Emory  and  Henry 
College  in  1858,  and  left  in  1861  to  enter  the  Confederate  Army. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Stonewall  Brigade,  rising  to  the  rank 
of  Captain.  He  was  a  prisoner  at  Fort  Delaware  in  June  1863. 

He  re-entered  his  college,  graduating  in  1865.  He  took  spe- 
cial courses  in  higher  mathematics  with  distinction  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Virginia,  while  serving  at  Emory  and  Henry.  He 
spent  part  of  his  time,  the  second  year,  at  Charlottesville.  He 
was  Professor  of  Mathematics  at  Emory  and  Henry  from  June 
1868  to  1878,  when  he  was  elected  Superintendent  of  the  Miller 
Manual  Labor  School  of  Albemarle  County,  Virginia.  He  died 
in  its  service. 

He  also,  while  in  this  office,  acted  as  member  of  the  Board 
of  Visitors  of  the  Virginia  Polytechnic  Institute  at  Blacksburg. 
He  acted  as  Superintendent  of  Sunday-School  work  in  Albe- 
marle County  and  as  member  of  the  Board  of  Visitors  of  the 
Colored  Institute  at  Petersburg,  Virginia.  In  every  field  he 
proved  to  be  a  valued  citizen,  leaving  everywhere  the  results  of 
fine  work. 

I  close  with  two  pictures'  of  him : 

One  was  when  in  1878  two  professors  of  the  University  of 
Virginia  spent  two  long  days  in  studying  the  testimonials  of  a 
great  multitude  of  candidates  for  the  place  of  Superintendent 
of  the  Miller  School.  Among  them  were  distinguished  soldiers. 
One  had  been  the  honored  head  of  the  most  successful  depart- 
ment of  the  Southern  Government.  At  the  end  of  the  second 
day,  one  of  the  judges  addressed  his  senior:  "Well,  Colonel, 
whom  do  you  pick  out?"  "I'm  for  Vawter,"  said  the  man  ad- 
dressed. "So  am  I,"  exclaimed  his  companion.  The  selection, 
a  wonder  to  those  who  did  not  know  Vawter,  proved  to  be  a 
most  happy  one  for  the  school,  the  first  of  its  kind  in  our  land. 
After  years  of  experiment,  it  is  to-day  carrying  on  its  magnifi- 
cent work,  largely  on  lines  laid  down  by  Captain  Vawter. 


66  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

Our  second  picture  finds  Captain  Vawter  years  later  on  a  car 
sweeping  down  the  Valley.  Captain  Vawter  spoke  aloud,  and 
said,  "What  a  glorious  Valley  it  was,  without  a  single  defeat  for 
the  great  Stonewall."  "What  about  Kernstown?"  said  a  loud 
voice  from  the  other  end  of  the  car,  "Oh,  well !"  exclaimed  the 
Captain  with  a  laugh,  "that  was  the  only  action  I  was  not  in 
and  I  can  say  nothing  personally  of  it."  He  sought  out  the  in- 
terrogator, and  found  him  to  be  a  gallant  Federal  officer.  They 
became  good  friends.  But  the  Captain  might  have  said  that  our 
army  never  regarded  Kernstown  as  a  defeat.  It  was  fought  to 
keep  General  Shields  and  his  army  from  crossing  the  Blue 
Ridge,  and  this  it  did. 


CAPTAIN  MICAJAH  WOODS. 
BY  LYON  G.  TYLER,  OF  WILLIAMSBURG,  VIRGINIA. 

Micajah  Woods  was  born  May  17th,  1844,  at  "Holkham,"  in 
Albemarle  County,  Virginia.  His  parents  were  Doctor  John 
Rodes  Woods  and  Sabina  Stuart  Creigh.  On  both  sides  of  his 
family  he  was  descended  from  Scotch-Irish  Ancestors.  His 
first  American  progenitor  on  his  paternal  side  was  Michael 
Woods,  who,  in  1737,  received  a  patent  for  a  large  tract  of  land 
in  what  was  then  Goochland  County,  from  which  Albemarle 
County  was  formed  in  1744.  Michael  Woods'  son,  William 
Woods,  the  great-grandfather  of  Micajah  Woods',  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  legislature  of  Virginia  from  Albemarle  County  in 
1798  and  1799,  and  his  son  Micajah  Woods  was  a  member  of 
the  Albemarle  County  Court  from  1815  to  1837,  and  high  sher- 
iff of  the  county  at  the  time  of  his  death.  Doctor  John  Rodes 
Woods,  the  latter's  son,  and  the  father  of  the  subject  of  this 
sketch,  was  a  wealthy  planter  of  Albemarle  County  and  was  for 
many  years  considered  the  leading  authority  upon  scientific 
agriculture  and  stock-raising  in  Virginia. 

After  the  usual  round  in  the  elementary  branches,  Micajah 
Woods  was,  in  1855,  sent  ^o  the  Lewisburg  Academy,  where  he 


MICAJAH   WOODS 
CAPTAIN,  C.  S.  A. 

PRESIDENT  VIRGINIA   BAR  ASS*N 

Former  Commander  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  67 

remained  one  year.  He  then  attended  the  Military  Academy 
in  Charlottesville  conducted  by  Colonel  John  B.  Strange,  where 
he  remained  two  years,  after  which  he  studied  two  years  at  the 
Bloomfield  academy  taught  by  Messrs.  Brown,  and  Tebbs.  In 
1861,  he  entered  the  University  of  Virginia,  but  soon  quit  the 
academic  shades  for  the  field  of  war.  He  first  served,  when 
barely  seventeen  years  of  age,  as  a  volunteer  on  the  staff  of 
General  John  B.  Floyd  in  the  West  Virginia  campaign  of  1861 ; 
in  1862,  as  a  private  in  the  "Albemarle  Light  Horse,"  in  the 
Virginia  cavalry^;  afterwards  as  First  Lieutenant  in  the  Vir- 
ginia State  Line;  and  in  May,  1863,  he  was  elected  and  com- 
missioned First  Lieutenant  in  Jackson's  Battery  of  Horse  Ar- 
tillery, Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  in  which  capacity  he  served 
till  the  close  of  the  war.  Among  the  battles  in  which  he  par- 
ticipated were  Carnifax  Ferry,  Port  Republic,  Second  Cold 
Harbor,  New  Market,  Second  Manassas,  Sharpsburg,  Winches- 
ter, Fisher's  Hill  and  Gettysburg. 

At  the  close  of  the  war  he  returned  to  the  University  of  Vir- 
ginia, graduating  in  law  in  1868.  He  immediately  began  the 
practice  of  his  profession  in  Charlottesville,  Virginia,  and  in 
1870  was  elected  Commonwealth's  Attorney  for  the  County, 
which  position  he  filled  with  credit  and  distinction  up  to  the 
time  of  his  death,  in  1911. 

In  1872  he  was  made  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Visitors  of 
the  University  of  Virginia,  a  position  which  he  held  for  four 
years,  having  been  at  the  time  of  his  appointment  the  youngest 
member  of  that  board  ever  selected.  Captain  Woods  was  a 
Democrat,  and,  in  1880,  he  declined  a  unanimous  nomination 
for  congress  tendered  him  by  the  Democratic  party  in  Albe- 
marle County.  He  was  permanent  chairman  of  the  Virginia 
Democratic  Convention  which  met  in  Staunton  in  1896  to  elect 
delegates  to  the  National  Convention. 

In  1881  he  was  elected  Captain  of  the  Monticello  Guard  at 
Charlottesville,  and  commanded  that  famous  old  company  at 
the  Yorktown  celebration  in  October,  1881.  In  1893  he  was 
made  Brigadier-General  of  the  Second  Brigade  of  Virginia 
Confederate  veterans,  which  rank  he  held  until  1901,  when  he 


68  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

declined  re-election.  In  August,  1908,  he  was  elected  President 
of  the  Virginia  State  Bar  Association. 

On  the  9th  of  June,  1874,  he  was  married  to  Miss  Matilda 
Minor  Morris,  of  Hanover  County,  Virginia,  and  had  five  chil- 
dren. 

When  asked  to  review  the  experiences  of  his  career  for  the 
benefit  of  the  young  and  to  make  some  suggestions  regarding 
the  best  way  to  attain  success,  Captain  Woods  replied:  "Be 
thorough."  And,  indeed,  such  was  this  exemplary  man's  prin- 
ciple of  action  through  life.  He  was  a  thorough  lawyer,  a 
thorough  student  of  books,  and  a  thorough  Virginian  in  heart, 
soul  and  action. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  69 

LIEUTENANTS. 

EVERETT  W.  EARLY. 
BY  CAPTAIN  HENRY  CLAY  MICHIE. 

Everett  W.  Early  was  born  in  Albemarle  County,  Virginia, 
on  the  29th  day  of  February,  1844.  When  his  State  seceded 
from  the  Union  in  April,  1861,  Lieutenant  Early,  seeing  that 
war  was  inevitable,  went  to  the  Virginia  Military  Institute  to 
prepare  for  the  struggle.  In  June  or  July,  1861,  he  was  or- 
dered to  Manassas  to  aid  in  preparing  the  thousands  of  green 
troups  who  were  assembling  there  for  the  approaching  conflict. 
He  was  assigned  to  the  49th  Virginia  Volunteer  Infantry,  com- 
manded by  Colonel  (ex-Governor)  William  Smith,  who  soon 
made  him  Sergeant-Major  of  the  Regiment,  in  which  capacity 
he  served  in  the  First  Battle  of  Manassas,  where  he  was 
wounded.  For  meritorious  services  in  this  battle  he  was  pro- 
moted to  a  lieutenancy  in  one  of  the  Amherst  companies  of  the 
49th  regiment.  In  this  capacity  Lieutenant  Early  served  in  1862 
in  the  Battles  of  Williamsburg,  Seven  Pines,  Seven  Days  Bat- 
tle around  Richmond,  Second  Battle  of  Manassas,  the  capture 
of  Harpers'  Ferry,  and  the  Battle  of  Sharpsburg  (or  Antietam). 
In  the  last  named  battle  he  commanded  the  skirmishers  of 
General  Jubal  Eearly's  Brigade.  He  served  under  Jackson, 
December  15th,  1862,  in  the  desperate  fighting  at  Fredericks- 
burg;  also  at  Chancellorsville  in  1863,  where  he  was  badly 
wounded.  After  sufficient  recovery  he  attended  lectures  at  the 
University  of  Virginia,  but  returned  to  his  old  Company  dur- 
ing the  battles  in  Spottsylvania  County  in  1864.  He  was  taken 
prisoner  by  Sheridan  on  Monticello  Mountain  in  March,  1865, 
and  confined  in  the  jail  at  Charlottesville,  but  escaped  when 
the  enemy  was  taking  him  North,  and  so  missed  the  worst  ex- 
perience of  a  Confederate  soldier — a  Northern  prison.  Lieu- 
tenant Early  passed  away  about  the  year  1896. 


70  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

CLEMENT  DANIELS  FISHBURNE. 

BY  J.  N.  WADDELL. 

Clement  Daniels  Fishburne  was  born  in  Waynesboro,  Vir- 
ginia, on  May  26th,  1832,  and  died  in  Charlottesville,  Virginia, 
on  May  16th,  1907.  He  was  the  son  of  Daniel  Fishburne, 
of  Waynesboro,  and  of  Ann  Blackwell  Rodes  Fishburne,  of 
Albemarle  County.  In  his  earlier  years,  he  attended  school  in 
Waynesboro,  and  afterwards  entered  Washington  College  at 
Lexington,  Virginia,  from  which  institution  he  graduated. 

After  leaving  college  he  taught  in  Christiansburg,  Virginia, 
for  one  year,  and  the  following  year  entered  the  University  of 
Virginia.  Shortly  after  the  opening  of  the  session  he  was 
elected  Professor  of  Applied  Mathematics  at  Davidson  College, 
North  Carolina,  which  was  at  that  time  under  the  charge  of 
Major  D.  H.  Hill,  afterwards  General  Hill  of  the  Confederate 
army.  He  was  afterwards  elected  by  the  trustees  of  that  insti- 
tution Professor  of  Greek. 

In  1860  he  resigned  his  position  at  Davidson  College  with  a 
view  to  studying  law,  and  entered  the  law  school  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Virginia  in  the  fall  of  1860. 

In  the  spring  of  1861  Virginia  seceded  from  the  Union,  and 
in  June  of  that  year  he  left  the  institution  to  join  the  Rockbridge 
Artillery  under  the  captaincy  of  W.  N.  Pendleton.  He  served 
in  the  Rockbridge  Artillery  for  a  year  or  more,  and  was  then 
transferred  to  other  departments  of  the  army.  When  the  .war 
closed  he  was  First-Lieutenant  in  the  Ordnance  Department. 

After  the  war  he  returned  to  the  University  -of  Virginia,  and 
finished  his  course  in  law,  and  started  practicing  in  Charlottes- 
ville, where  he  lived  for  the  remainder  of  his  life.  While  en- 
gaged in  his  profession,  he  was  elected  cashier  of  the  Bank  of 
Albemarle,  which  position  he  held  until  his  death.  He  was 
Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Supervisors  of  Albemarle  County 
for  many  years,  and  was  also  a  member  of  the  council  of  the 
town  and  city  of  Charlottesville.  He  was  one  of  the  trustees 
of  Washington  and  Lee  University,  of  which  he  was  a  graduate, 
and  on  him  was  conferred  by  that  University  the  honorary  de- 
gree of  M.  A. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  71 

He  was  married  while  at  Davidson  College  to  Sarah  Wad- 
dell  of  Lexington,  Virginia,  who  died  about  one  year  later.  He 
afterwards  married  Elizabeth  Wood,  of  Albemarle  County,  Vir- 
ginia, who,  with  three  sons,  Judge  John  W.  Fishburne,  Clement 
D.  Fishburne,  Jr.,  and  George  P.  Fishburne,  survives  him.  He 
was  a  strong  and  vigorous  writer,  and  at  one  time  edited  The 
Chronicle,  a  well  known  weekly  paper  published  in  Charlottes- 
ville  for  some  years  after  the  war. 

Few  men  in  his  day  and  generation  were  held  in  higher  es- 
teem by  the  people  of  Charlottesville  and  Albemarle  County. 
Ready  always  to  give  counsel  to  those  who  sought  his  advice,  his 
judgment  was  rarely  wrong,  and  many  to-day  live  to  testify  to 
the  strong,  lovable  character  of  Clement  Daniels  Fishburne — 
Soldier,  Scholar,  and  Citizen! 


WILLIAM  MORRIS  FONTAINE. 
BY  PROFESSOR  J.  -M.  PAGE. 

William  Morris  Fontaine  was  born  on  December  1st,  1835,  in 
Louisa  County,  Virginia,  and  was  the  son  of  James  and  Juliet 
(Morris)  Fontaine.  He  was  a  worthy  scion  of  old  and  distin- 
guished families  in  Virginia,  being  of  Huguenot  descent  on  his 
paternal  side,  and  a  lineal  descendant  of  that  John  de  la  Fon- 
taine who  was  martyred  at  La  Mans,  France,  in  1561.  •- 

Young  Fontaine  was  prepared  for  the  University  of  Virginia 
at  the  famous  old  "Hanover  Academy."  He  entered  the  Uni- 
versity in  1856,  and  was  graduated  with  the  degree  of  Master  of 
Arts  in  1859.  He  then  taught  school  for  a  short  time,  but  en- 
tered the  Confederate  Army  at  the  outbreak  of  the  War' be- 
tween the  States,  serving  as  a  second-lieutenant  until  1862. 
Then  he  was  made  First-Lieutenant  of  Ordnance,  in  which  ca- 
pacity he  served  until  the  close  of  the  war.  From  1865  to  1869 
he  taught  school  and  farmed.  During  1869  and  1870,  he  was 
a  student  in  the  Royal  School  of  Mines,  Freiburg,  Saxony.  In 
1873,  he  was  elected  Professor  of  Chemistry  and  Geology  in 
the  University  of  West  Virginia,  which  position  he  filled  un- 
til 1879.  In  1879,  he  was  called  to  the  Corcoran  Chair  of  Nat- 


72  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

ural  History  and  Geology  in  the  University  of  Virginia.  He 
was  also  appointed  Curator  of  the  Brooks  Museum  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Virginia,  and  served  until  September  1911,  when  he 
retired  on  the  Carnegie  Foundation  for  the  Advancement  of 
Teaching.  From  this  date  until  his  death  in  1913,  Professor 
Fontaine  divided  his  time  between  his  home  at  the  University 
and  his  other  home  in  Hanover  County. 

He  was  the  author  of  numerous  papers  in  scientific  journals, 
and  in  the  publications  of  the  United  States  Geological  Survey 
and  the  U.  S.  National  Museum.  He  was  elected  a  Fellow  of 
the  Geological  Society  of  America  in  December,  1888,  and  was 
a  member  of  the  Huguenot  Society  of  America.  He  was  ranked 
as  an  expert  of  the  highest  order  in  paleo-botany,  in  which  field 
his  work  stands  out  as  of  the  highest  importance  and  value, 
especially  in  the  application  of  paleo-botany  to  the  broader  fields 
of  stratigraphic  geology. 

Professor  Fontaine  was  of  an  extremely  modest  and  retiring 
disposition,  and  generous  to  a  fault.  He  was  devoted  to  music 
and  literature;  and  those  who  were  so  fortunate  as  to  knovv 
him  well  were  devoted  to  him,  not  only  on  account  of  his  large 
intellectual  endowments,  but  on  account  of  his  splendid  traits 
of  character.  He  was  never  married. 


•  ADJUTANT  GEORGE  LOYALL  GORDON. 
BY  ARMISTEAD  C.  GORDON. 

George  Loyall  Gordon,  son  of  General  William  Fitzhugh  Gor- 
don and  his  wife,  Elizabeth  Lindsay,  was  born  at  his  father's 
home,  "Edgeworth,"  in  Albemarle  County,  about  five  miles  west 
of  Gordonsville,  Virginia,  on  the  17th  day  of  January,  1829. 
His  twin  brother  was  Captain  Charles  Henry  Gordon,  of  Fau- 
quier  County,  Virginia,  who  was  a  lieutenant  in  the  "Black 
Horse  Cavalry,"  C.  S.  A.,  and  later  on  the  staff  of  General 
Beverley  Robertson. 

George  L.  Gordon  received  his  primary  education  in  schools 
conducted  by  private  tutors  at  his  father's  home,  and  at  the 
neighboring  homes  of  the  Pages  and  Rives.  In  1848  he  en- 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  73 

tered  the  University,  where  he  studied  in  the  Academic  De- 
partment and  later  in  the  School  of  Law.  After  leaving  the 
University,  he  settled  in  Alexandria,  Virginia,  where  he  prac- 
ticed law  in  partnership  with  Mr.  W.  L.  Marbury  under  the  firm 
name  of  Gordon  &  Marbury,  and  at  the  same  time  edited  a 
Democratic  daily,  "The  Alexandria  Sentinel,''  and  took  an  ac- 
tive part  in  in  the  politics  of  the  State,  gaining  a  distinguished 
reputaton  as  a  political  speaker. 

On  the  20th  of  December,  1854,  he  married  at  Halifax,  North 
Carolina,  Miss  Mary  Long  Daniel,  eldest  daughter  of  Judge 
Joseph  J.  Daniel  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  that  State,  and  his 
wife  Maria  Stith.  Of  this  marriage  were  born  five  children, 
two  of  whom  died  in  childhood.  The  three  remaining  children 
were  Armistead  C.  Gordon,  now  a  resident  of  Staunton,  Vir- 
ginia, the  late  James  Lindsay  Gordon  of  Albemarle  County  and 
New  York  City,  and  Mary  Long  Gordon,  who  married  Dr. 
Richard  H.  Lewis,  of  Raleigh,  North  Carolina,  and  died  there 
in  1895. 

In  1857  George  L.  Gordon  moved  to  Louisa  County,  Vir- 
ginia, where  he  resided  and  practiced  his  profession,  at  the  same 
time  conducting  his  farm  known  as  "Longwood,"  situated 
about  a  mile  and  a  half  from  Lindsay's  on  the  Chesapeake  and 
Ohio  Railroad.  At  the  beginning  of  the  War  between  the  States, 
he  was  visiting,  with  his  wife  and  children,  his  wife's  sister, 
Mrs.  Turner  W.  Battle,  in  Edgecombe  County,  North  Carolina. 
Hence  it  was  that  he  enlisted  there  as  a  private  in  an  infantry 
company  raised  in  that  county  by  his  brother-in-law,  Captain 
Battle,  and  known  as  the  Edgecombe  Light  Infantry,  which  be- 
came a  part  of  the  Fifth  (later  the  Fifteenth)  North  Carolina 
Regiment,  under  Colonel  Robert  McKinney,  and  afterwards 
under  Colonel  William  McCrae.  In  the  latter  part  of  June, 
1861,  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Virginia,  and  was  in  service 
at  Yorktown,  Williamsburg  and  Suffolk,  and  participated  in  the 
battle  at  Lee's  Farm,  in  which  it  lost  twelve  killed,  including 
Colonel  McKinney,  and  had  forty-four  wounded.  The  enemy 
suffered  casualties  in  killed  and  wounded  amounting  to  one  hun- 
dred and  eighty-three. 

This  regiment    reorganized  on  the  3rd    of   May,   1862,  and 


74  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

George  L.  Gordon  became  regimental  adjutant,  being  promoted 
from  the  ranks  and  commissioned  June  10th,  1862  (Moore's 
Roster  of  N.  C.  Troops,  Vol.  I,  p.  545).  On  July  1st,  1862,  at 
Malvern  Hill,  the  Fifteenth  Regiment,  forming  the  right  of 
Cobb's  Brigade,  and  constituting  a  part  of  the  first  line  of  battle, 
attacked  the  enemy  who  had  concentrated  a  heavy  force  of  ar- 
tillery and  infantry  on  the  hill.  The  attack  was  made  "through 
an  open  field  of  several  hundred  yards,  broken  by  ravines,  and 
exposed  to  a  murderous  fire  of  grape  and  canister  from  the  ar- 
tillery and  mortar  shells  from  the  gun  boats  on  the  James  River, 
and  a  heavy  fire  from  the  infantry  in  front."  (Clark's  Hist,  of 
N.  C.  Regiments,  1861-1865,  Vol.  I,  pp.  737-739.) 

In  this  charge  George  L.  Gordon  led  the  Confederate  line  and 
was  killed  within  twenty  yards  of  the  Federal  batteries. 


MASON  GORDON. 
BY  ARMISTEAD  C.  GORDON. 

Mason  Gordon,  youngest  son  of  General  William  Fitzhugh 
Gordon,  of  Edgeworth,  Albemarle  County,  Virginia,  and  his 
wife,  Elizabeth  Lindsay,  was  born  at  his  father's  home,  situated 
about  five  miles  west  of  Gordonsville,  September  17th,  1840.  He 
was  educated  by  teachers  at  home,  and  at  Bloomfield  School  in 
Albemarle  County,  and  at  the  beginning  of  the  War  between  the 
States  was  a  student  in  the  academic'  schools  of  the  University 
of  Virginia,  which  he  had  entered  in  the  session  of  1859-1860. 
At  the  outbreak  of  hostilities  he  left  the  University,  and  became 
a  private  in  the  Albemarle  Light  Horse,  a  gallant  cavalry  organ- 
ization, which  was  afterwards  known  as  Company  K,  Second 
Virginia  Cavalry,  General  Munford's  old  regiment,  Elizabeth 
Lee's  Brigade.  In  this  company  he  became  a  corporal,  and 
served  with  his  troop  in  the  First  Battle  of  Manassas,  and  later 
with  Jackson  and  Ashby  through  the  Vralley  Campaign  of  1862. 
He  was  in  the  Second  Battle  of  Manassas  and  in  the  frequent 
skirmishes  in  Maryland  and  in  the  battle  of  Sharpsburg.  After 
the  last  named  battle,  he  was  detached  from  his  regiment  and 
ordered  to  report  to  General  Robertson,  with  whom  he  served 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  75 

as  second-lieutenant,  and  was  detailed  as  drill-master  of  recruits 
at  Weldon  and  other  points  in  North  Carolina.  At  a  later  date 
he  was  attached  to  the  command  of  General  Whiting  at  Wilm- 
ington, where  he  continued  in  active  service  until  the  fall  of 
Fort  Fisher  and  the  evacuation  of  the  city  early  in  1865.  He 
then  joined  the  army  of  General  Joseph  E.  Johnson,  and  par- 
ticipated in  the  battle  of  Bentonville  in  March,  1865. 

After  Johnson's  surrender  he  returned  to  Albemarle  and 
again  took  up  his  studies  at  the  University  of  Virginia  in  the 
Law  School  under  Professor  John  B.  Minor.  In  1866  he 
opened  a  law  office  in  Charlottesville,  where  he  practiced  his 
profession  in  partnership  with  William  L.  Cochran  under  the 
firm  name  of  Gordon  &  Cochran.  The  firm  was  dissolved, 
after  several  years,  by  the  death  of  the  junior  member,  and  the 
senior  continued  in  the  practice  until  his  death  which  occurred  at 
his  residence,  "Stonefield,"  near  Charlottesville,  June  9th,  1914. 
He  was  a  gallant  soldier,  a  faithful  and  intelligent  officer,  and  a 
conscientious  and  painstaking  attorney.  He  served  many  years 
as  Commissioner  in  Chancery  of  the  Albemarle  Circuit  Court, 
and  as  Commissioner  of  Accounts  of  the  County.  For  four 
years  he  was  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Visitors  of  the  Univer- 
sity of  Virginia  by  appointment  of  his  old  commander,  Gov- 
ernor Fitzhugh  Lee.  A  friend  and  fellow-member  of  the  Al- 
bemarle Bar  bore  tribute  to  the  esteem  in  which  he  was  univer- 
sally held,  in  these  words :  "He  was  a  man  thoroughly  honest 
in  his  character  and  impulses.  In  his  nature  he  was  as  far  re- 
moved from  deceit  or  double  dealing  as  any  man  could  be.  He 
was  unselfish  and  lovable,  and  bore  ill-will  toward  no  man,  and 
I  do  not  believe  there  was  a  human  being  who  bore  ill-will  or 
malice  towards  him." 

He  married  Miss  Harriett  G.  Hart  of  Wilmington,  North 
Carolina,  whom  he  survived ;  and  of  their  marriage  were  born 
three  children :  Harriett,  who  married  Thomas  L.  Rosser,  Jr. ; 
W'illiam  Robertson,  who  died  before  his  father;  and  Nancy 
Burr  Gordon. 

His  military  record  is  included  in  the  manuscript  volumes  of 
Confederate  Records,  Vol.  8,  pp.  209,  212,  in  the  Virginia  State 
Library. 


76  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

EUGENE  O.  MICH  IE. 
BY  CAPTAIN  HENRY  CLAY  MICH'IE. 

Eugene  O.  Michie  was  born  in  Albemarle  County,  Virginia, 
in  the  year  1841.  He  entered  the  Confederate  service  in  May, 
1861,  as  Second  Lieutenant  of  Company  H,  Fifty-sixth  Regi- 
ment of  Virginia  Volunteer  Infantry.  This  regiment  was  sent 
to  southwestern  Virginia  in  the  autumn  of  1861  and  incorpo- 
rated into  Floyd's  Brigade,  which  served  through  the  winter 
and  spring  of  1862  in  Tennessee  and  Kentucky.  Lieutenant 
Michie  commanded  his  company  in  the  battle  of  Fort  Donelson. 
In  May,  1862,  the  Fifty-sixth  Regiment  returned  to  Richmond, 
reorganized  and  was  assigned  to  Pickett's  Brigade.  Lieutenant 
Eugene  O.  Michie,  declining  re-election,  joined  Company  K, 
Second  Virginia  Cavalry,  a  company  from  his  native  county. 
He  was  severely  wounded  in  one  of  the  battles  of  1864.  His 
record  in  the  service  was  highly  creditable.  He  passed  away 
about  the  year  1895. 

ADJUTANT  JOHN  DAVIS  WATSON. 

BY  G.  N.  WATSON. 

John  Davis  Watson  was  born  in  Charlottesville,  January  21st, 
1841,  being  the  son  of  E.  R.  Watson  and  Mary  Kelley  Watson. 
His  entire  life  was  spent  in  Charlottesville,  with  the  exception 
of  the  two  or  three  years  he  lived  in  Port  Republic. 

He  was  twice  married,  his  first  wife  being  Susan  Henry 
Smythe,  and  his  second,  Josephine  Emma  Norris.  By  his  first 
marriage  five  children  were  born:  John  Richard,  Lewis  Ran- 
dolph, George  Norris,  Hunter  and  Annie  Watson. 

At  the  outbreak  of  the  Civil  War,  John  D.  Watson  was  a 
student  at  the  University  of  Virginia,  but  resigned  and  volun- 
teered his  service,  joining  Southall's  Battery  of  Artillery  as  a 
private.  He  served  with  this  company  about  eight  months  on 
the  peninsula  below  Richmond.  In  January,  1862,  he  was  made 
Second  Lieutenant  of  Company  D,  46th  Virginia  Infantry, 
Wise's  Brigade,  and  went  to  Roanoke  Island,  North  Carolina, 
where  he  was  captured  with  his  entire  command  by  General 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  77 

Burnside.  Upon  the  reorganization  of  his  command  he  was 
made  First  Lieutenant,  but  had  served  only  a  few  weeks  when 
he  was  ordered  to  report  to  Colonel  John  B.  Magruder  as  Ad- 
jutant of  the  57th  Virginia  Infantry,  Armstead's  Brigade,  Pick- 
ett's  Division,  Longstreet's  Corps.  He  was  wounded  at  the  bat- 
tle of  Gettysburg,  from  which  wound  he  never  fully  recovered 
his  strength.  John  D.  Watson  died  on  the  28th  day  of  Novem- 
ber, 1916. 

WILLIAM  NATHANIEL  WOOD. 
BY  EMMA  G.  WOOD. 

William  Nathaniel  Wood  was  born  in  the  northern  part  of 
Albemarle  County,  Virginia,  November  16th,  1839. 

When  quite  young  he  entered  mercantile  life  in  Charlottes- 
ville.  On  July  18th,  1861,  he  left  Charlottesville,  joining  the 
Monticello  Guard,  Company  A,  Nineteenth  Virginia  Infantry, 
at  Lewis'  Ford  on  "Bull  Run,"  and  participating  in  his  first  bat- 
tle that  memorable  July  21st,  1861. 

He  was  soon  promoted  to  a  lieutenancy,  and  for  much  of  the 
latter  part  of  the  war  was  in  command  of  the  company.  At 
the  battle  of  Gettysburg  he  led  the  company  to  the  stone  wall 
under  that  terrific  fire.  His  clothing  was  riddled  with  shot,  but 
he  escaped  with  a  slight  scratch  under  the  arm. 

His  regiment  never  fired  a  gun  in  battle  in  his  absence. 
Three  days  before  Lee  surrendered,  on  April  6th,  1865,  he  was 
captured  at  Sailor's  Creek  and  taken  to  Johnson's  Island  in 
Lake  Erie,  remaining  there  till  June  1865. 

He  returned  to  Charlottesville  from  prison,  and  went  into 
business.  Later  he  went  to  New  York,  and  at  the  time  of  his 
marriage,  1870,  was  living  in  Baltimore.  After  four  years 
there  he  came  again  to  Charlottesville,  but  close  confinement  to 
business  had  injured  his  health,  and  by  the  advice  of  his  phy- 
sician he  went  to  the  country  and  lived  on  a  farm.  Fifteen 
years  later  he  returned  to  Charlottesville,  where  he  lived  until 
his  death  on  February  10th,  1909. 

He  was  a  staunch  Baptist  and  was  for  many  years  a  deacon 
in  the  First  Baptist  Church.  He  was  a  member  of  Masonic 
Lodge  No.  60. 


78  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

CHARLES  E.  YOUNG. 
BY  ROGER  A.  YOUNG. 

The  following  is  an  extract  from  a  resolution  unanimously 
adopted  at  a  meeting  of  Stonewall  Jackson  Camp" held  April  4th, 
1905,  at  their  hall  in  Staunton,  Virginia : 

Whereas  Charles  E.  Young  departed  this  life  March  llth, 
1905,  this  Camp  desires  to  put  on  record  some  expression  of 
their  sorrow  and  respect  for  his  memory: 

Comrade  Young  was  born  in  Augusta  County  in  1836.  He 
was  a  student  at  the  University  of  Virginia  and  was  prompt  to 
respond  to  the  call  of  his  native  state  when  she  threw  herself 
into  the  breach  to  resist  tyranny  and  oppression. 

He  enlisted  June,  1861,  in  a  company  of  students  that  went 
from  the  University  of  Virginia,  which  company  was  enrolled 
as  a  part  of  the  Wise  Legion,  then  doing  service  in  what  is  now 
West  Virginia. 

Early  in  the  year  1862  the  company  was  disbanded  by  order 
of  the  Secretary  of  War.  In  March  of  the  same  year  he  en- 
listed in  the  Rockbridge  Artillery,  then  commanded  by  Captain 
(afterwards  judge)  McLaughlin. 

After  service  of  several  months,  owing  to  the  overgrowth  of 
the  company,  he  was,  with  several  others,  transferred  to  the 
Danville  Artillery,  Shumakers  Brigade.  After  a  service  of  five 
or  six  months,  he  was  transferred  back  to  the  Rockbridge  Ar- 
tillery, where  he  remained  until  after  the  Battle  of  Gettysburg. 
He  was  then  commissioned  Lieutenant  of  Engineers,  and  served 
below  Richmond  and  around  Petersburg  until  the  retreat  from 
Richmond  to  Appomattox,  where  he  surrendered  and  was  pa- 
roled. 

The  writer  of  this  was  with  Comrade  Young  during  his  serv- 
ices in  the  Rockbridge  Battery  and  can  testify  to  his  faithful 
service,  all  duties  being  cheerfully  and  promptly  performed.  He 
was  always  ready  and  willing  to  do  his  full  share,  whether  it 
consisted  in  pushing  the  cannon  out  of  the  mud,  or  running  it  up 
after  recoil  for  another  shot. 

As  a  veteran,  in  after  years,  he  took  much  interest  in  all  that 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  79 

» 

concerned  the  old  Confederates,  and  especially  the  Stonewall 
Jackson  Camp. 

He  was  promoted  to  its  highest  office  and  served  as  its  com- 
mander with  dignity  and  efficiency. 

He  loved  the  cause  for  which  he  had  fought  and  suffered  so 
much  none  the  less  because  it  seemed  to  have  failed,  believing 
with  the  poet  that — 

"Eternal   right,   though   all   things   fail, 
Can  never  be  made  wrong." 


CHAPLAIN. 

REV.  J.  WILLIAM  JONES,  D.  D. 
BY  DR.  H.  W.  BATTLE. 

Any  history  of  our  Camp  that  did  not  contain  an  appreciative 
recognition  of  the  sterling  moral  character  and  distinguished 
services  of  the  late  Rev.  J.  William  Jones,  D.  D.,  who,  during 
the  period  of  his  Chaplaincy  at  the  University  of  Virginia,  was 
a  most  loyal  and  enthusiastic  member,  would  be  flagrantly  in- 
complete. Dr.  Jones  was  born  at  Louisa  Courthouse,  Virginia, 
September  25th,  1836,  of  good  old  Virginia  stock.  His  father 
was  Francis  William  Jones,  an  honored  and  beloved  merchant, 
and  his  mother  was  Ann  Pendleton  Ashby.  On  his  maternal 
side,  Dr.  Jones  was  closely  allied  with  historic  families  whose 
achievements  imparted  luster  to  many  of  the  State's  proudest 
pages.  He  was  married,  December  20th,  1860,  to  Judith  Page 
Helm,  a  descendant  of  illustrious  ancestors.  Of  this  marriage 
was  born  ten  children,  four  of  whom  have  risen  to  eminence 
in  the  Baptist  ministry — Carter  Helm,  of  Philadelphia,  and 
Ashby  of  Atlanta,  have  won  national  fame. 

When  the  war  between  the  states  came  on,  Dr.  Jones  enlisted 
as  a  private,  and  served  to  the  close,  never  permitting  his  sacred 
responsibilities  as  a  Chaplain  to  interfere  with  his  duties  as  a 
soldier.  Profoundly  religious,  personally  courageous,  and  in- 
tensely Confederate,  he  wielded  a  mighty  influence  over  thou- 


80  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

sands  of  soldiers  in  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  and  many 
a  battle-begrimed  hero  felt  on  his  brow  where  the  death-dew 
was  gathering  a  touch  gentle  as  a  mother's,  and  heard  a  voice 
all  broken  with  emotion  as  "the  fighting  chaplain"  commended 
his  passing  spirit  to  "the  God  of  all  compassion."  Dr.  Jones 
was  Chaplain  of  the  13th  Virginia  regiment,  and  Missionary 
Chaplain  of  General  A.  P.  Hill's  Corps. 

The  war  over,  Dr.  Jones  returned  to  the  pastorate  and  served 
with  eminent  success  in  a  number  of  important  fields ;  but  per- 
haps he  was  most  widely  known  by  the  numerous  and  varied 
productions  of  his  brilliant  pen.  As  pastor  of  the  First  Bap- 
tist Church  of  Lexington,  he  was  brought  into  almost  daily  as- 
sociation with  his  revered  and  beloved  chief,  Robert  E.  Lee, 
and  thus  peculiarly  fitted  to  portray,  with  pen  and  voice,  the 
character  of  that  matchless  man.  So  uncompromising  was  his 
devotion  to  the  cause  espoused  by  Lee  and  Jackson  (the  rea- 
lized ideals  by  which  he  measured  all  human  excellence),  and 
so  bold  his  spoken  and  written  words,  that  he  became  a  national 
example  of  fidelity  unreconstructed  and  unreconstructible.  Pa- 
thetic it  may  have  been,  but  sublimely  loyal. 

As  Secretary  of  the  Southern  Historical  Society,  1876-1887, 
Dr.  Jones  contributed  many  valuable  papers  and  collected  much 
material  for  future  historians.  He  was  the  author  of  numerous 
works  of  permanent  historical  value,  all  of  which  reflect  the 
deathless  devotion  of  their  author  to  the  traditions  and  achieve- 
ments of  the  South.  In  1890  he  was  made  Chaplain-General  of 
the  United  Confederate  Veterans.  The  degree  of  Doctor  of 
Divinity  was  conferred  by  Washington  and  Lee  University. 
Death  found  him,  as  he  had  lived,  a  patriot  and  a  Christian, 
pure,  magnanimous,  and  unafraid.  Dr.  Jones  died  in  Rich- 
mond, March  17th,  1909. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  81 

SURGEONS. 

DR.  JAMES  EDGAR  CHANCELLOR. 
BY  JOHN  S.  PATTON. 

Dr.  James  Edgar  Chancellor  was  born  at  Chancellorsville, 
Spottsylvania  County,  Virginia,  in  1826,  and  died  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Virginia  September  llth,  1896.  He  was  a  son  of 
George  Chancellor. 

Dr.  Chancellor  wa's  educated  at  the  University  of  Virginia 
and  at  Jefferson  Medical  College,  Philadelphia.  He  began 
the  practice  of  his  profession  at  Chancellorsville.  The  war  com- 
ing on,  he  was  commissioned  First  Assistant  Surgeon  and  then 
Surgeon  in  the  Confederate  Army,  and  assigned  to  duty  at  the 
general  hospital  at  Charlottesville,  continuing  in  the  service  un- 
til the  end  of  the  war.  After  the  war  he  was  made  demonstra- 
tor of  anatomy  in  the  University  of  Virginia,  where  he  remained 
until  his  health  imperatively  demanded  his  retirement.  He  be- 
came president  of  the  Medical  Society  of  Virginia,  and  during 
his  term  the  State  Board  of  Medical  Examiners  of  Virginia  was 
organized,  of  which  he  became  a  member  in  1890,  and  in  which 
office  he  continued  till  his  death.  For  twenty  years  he  had  been 
a  member  of  the  American  Medical  Association  and  of  the 
American  Public  Health  Association. 

His  first  wife  was  Miss  Josephine  Anderson,  of  Spottsylvania 
County,  who  bore  him  six  children — Dr.  E.  A.  Chancellor  of 
St.  Louis;  Alexander  Clarendon  Chancellor  of  Columbus,  Geor- 
gia; Thomas  Sebastian  Chancellor  of  New  Orleans;  Samuel  C. 
Chancellor  of  the  University  of  Virginia;  and  Josephine  Chan- 
cellor, now  deceased.  His  second  wife  was  Mrs.  Gabriella 
May  Chancellor. 

DR.  HENRY  KING  COCHRAN. 
BY  MRS.  JOHN  M.  PRESTON. 

Henry  King  Cochran  was  the  son  of  John  Cochran  and  his 
wife  Margaret  Lynn  Lewis.  He  was  born  in  Charlottesville, 
August  5th,  1832,  and  studied  medicine-  at  the  University  of 


82  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

Virginia  and  at  Jefferson  College,  Philadelphia.  After  gradu- 
ation he  practiced  in  Bellevue  Hospital,  Baltimore,  later  settling 
in  Lynchburg  for  the  practice  of  his  profession.  Here  the  out- 
break of  the  war  found  him.  He  volunteered  at  once  and 
served  through  the  entire  war  as  a  surgeon,  being  stationed  at 
points  in  Virginia,  West  Virginia  and  North  Carolina.  He  was 
in  the  western  campaign  and  at  the  siege  of  Corinth. 

He  was  for  many  months  at  "Old  Seabrook  Hospital"  near 
Petersburg,  and  later  at  Wilmington,  Nortel  Carolina,  where  he 
contracted  chills  from  which  he  never  wholly  recovered. 

The  latter  part  of  his  life  was  spent  in  Smythe  County,  Vir- 
ginia, where  he  practiced  medicine,  doing  a  great  amount  of 
charity  work. 

Late  in  life  he  embraced  the  Catholic  faith,  the  seeds  of 
which  had  been  planted  by  a  zealous  and  pious  aunt. 

He  never  took  the  oath  of  allegiance  and  grew  to  be  a  stronger 
Confederate  as  the  years  advanced. 

He  died  at  the  home  of  his  sister,  Mrs.  J.  M.  Preston,  No- 
vember 28th,  1903. 

DR.  THOMAS  MARTIN  DUNN. 
BY  MRS.  SALUE  THOMPSON  DUNN. 

Dr.  Thomas  Martin  Dunn,  son  of  Rev.  Thomas  Rivers  Dunn 
and  Jane  Bennett  Carr  Salmon,  was  born  at  the  old  Carr  home- 
stead near  Free  Union,  Albemarle  County,  on  September  1st, 
1836.  He  studied  medicine  at  Richmond  Medical  College,  Rich- 
mond, Virginia,  and  was  graduated  in  February,  1857.  He  be- 
gan the  practice  of  his  profession  before  he  was  twenty-one 
years  of  age. 

On  November  15th,  1859,  he  was  married  to  Miss  Sallie 
Shepherd  Thompson  of  Free  Union,  Albemarle  County.  From 
this  marriage,  there  were  three  children,  all  of  whom  survive — 
Percival  Thomas  Dunn,  Lelia  Shepherd  Dunn  Miller,  and 
Bessie  Carr  Dunn. 

During  the  Civil  War  he  was  surgeon  at  Chimborazo  Hos- 
pital, Richmond,  Virginia,  and  while  Jackson  was  operating  in 
the  Valley  of  Virginia  he  was  transferred  to  the  hospital  at 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  83 

the  University  of  Virginia,  and  later  to  a  local  hospital  at  White 
Hall,  Albemarle  County. 

While  he  was  practicing  medicine  in  the  hospitals  in  Albe- 
marle County,  he  was  Captain  of  Company  D  of  the  Albemarle 
County  Local  Battalion.  At  the  time  of  General  Lee's  surren- 
der he  was  serving  at  Chimborazo  Hospital  in  Richmond. 

After  the  war  he  practiced  his  profession,  locating  at  Free 
Union,  Albemarle  County,  Virginia,  where  he  practiced  the  re- 
mainder of  his  life,  with  the  exception  of  the  time  he  was  in  the 
legislature  of  his  state  and  in  the  United  States  Government 
service. 

He  was  elected  to  the  legislature  from  Albemarle  County  for 
the  first  time  in  1875,  and  again  in  1877,  1879,  1881,  and  1883. 
In  1885  he  was  appointed  Deputy  Collector  of  Internal  Reve- 
nue for  Northern  Virginia,  under  President  Grover  Cleveland. 
He  served  in  this  office  till  1889. 

In  1889  he  was  elected  to  the  Virginia  Senate,  representing 
Greene  and  Albemarle  Counties,  and  served  till  1892. 

In  1893,  he  was  again  appointed  Deputy  Collector  for  North- 
ern Virginia,  under  President  Grover  Cleveland,  and  served  un- 
til he  was  elected  to  the  legislature  in  1897,  where  he  served 
continuously  until  he  retired  from  public  life  in  1911. 

He  died  from  heart  trouble  on  April  4th,  1916. 


DR.  JOHN  RANDOLPH  PAGE. 
BY  REV.  C.  B.  BRYAN,  PETERSBURG. 

John  Randolph  Page,  son  of  Mann  Page  of  Shelly,  Glouces- 
ter County,  Virginia,  and  Anne  Jones  Page  of  the  same  county, 
was  born  at  Greenway  in  Gloucester  County,  May  10th,  1830. 
He  married  in  1856  Delia  Bryan,  eldest  daughter  of  John  Ran- 
dolph Bryan  (of  Eagle  Point,  Gloucester,  and  of  Carysbrook, 
Fluvanna  County)  and  Elizabeth  Tucker  Coalter. 

Dr.  Page  graduated  from  the  University  of  Virginia  in  1850 
with  the  degree  of  M.  D.  and  then  spent  several  years  in  Paris 
attending  medical  and  surgical  clinics.  He  returned  to  Vir- 
ginia and  practiced  medicine  in  his  native  county. 


84  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

During  the  Civil  War  he  was  with  General  J.  B.  Magruder. 
He  organized  and  was  in  charge  of  the  hospital  at  Yorktown, 
and  was  in  hospital  service  during  the  Seven  Days  fighting 
around  Richmond  and  at  Malvern  Hill. 

In  his  profession  he  was  especially  successful  as  a  diagnos- 
tician, and  was  advanced  and  sound  in  his  views  on  sanitation 
and  hygiene.  During  the  last  years  of  the  war  he  was  chief 
surgeon  in  a  hospital  in  Lynchburg.  Dr.  Wilson  C.  X.  Ran- 
dolph, his  able  colleague  there,  declared  that  in  organizing  and 
managing  a  hospital  from  a  sanitary  and  hygienic  point  of  view, 
Dr.  Page  had  no  equal  in  his  knowledge,  and  that  the  hospital 
under  his  charge  in  Lynchburg  was  the  best  in  the  Confederacy. 
He  is  said  to  have  been  the  first  surgeon  in  the  Civil  War  to 
use  bichloride  of  mercury  in  the  treatment  of  infected  gunshot 
wounds.  He  also  used  tar  water — the  antiseptic  property  being 
creosote  and  crude  carbolic  acid — and  this  at  a  time  when  the 
antiseptic  treatment  of  wounds  was  not  recognized.  He  recog- 
nized the  infectious  and  fatal  nature  of  glanders  in  horses  and 
condemned  and  destroyed  all  the  horses  and  stables  infected 
with  glanders  within  the  sphere  of  his  work. 

After  the  war  he  taught  in  the  Louisiana  State  Seminary  at 
Alexandria,  Louisiana.  From  there  he  went  to  Baltimore, 
where  he  was  Professor  of  Medicine  in  the  Washington  Med- 
ical College.  From  1872  to  1887  he  was  Professor  of  Agricul- 
ture, Zoology  and  Botany  in  the  University  of  Virginia.  Re- 
signing his  chair,  he  went  to  Birmingham,  Alabama,  and  became 
Chief  Surgeon  of  the  Georgia  Pacific  Railroad  and  of  the  Sloss 
Iron  and  Steel  Works.  His  health  failing,  he  returned  to  the 
University  of  Virginia,  where  he  died  March  llth,  1901,  and  is 
buried  in  the  University  Cemetery. 

Dr.  Page  was  ever  a  devout,  pure-minded  and  chivalrous 
Christian  gentleman. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  85 

DR.  WILSON  GARY  NICHOLAS  RANDOLPH. 
BY  THOS.  J.  RANDOLPH. 

Descended,  as  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was,  from  the  old  Vir- 
ginia family  of  Randolph,  Tuckahoe  branch,  and  of  President 
Thomas  Jefferson,  of  Albemarle  County,  it  is  not  surprising 
that  Dr.  Wilson  C.  N.  Randolph  should  have  thrown  in  his  lot 
with  the  Confederate  States  when  the  Old  Dominion  at  last 
became  a  member  of  that  independent  aggregation  of  sovereign 
States  in  1861.  His  father  was  Thomas  Jefferson  Randolph, 
of  Edgehill,  Albemarle  County,  who  contributed  all  his  sons  and 
practically  all  his  available  fortune,  that  free  and  independent 
government  might  live  in  America  as  handed  down  by  the  fa- 
thers, among  whom  were  reckoned  his  own  forbears  from  the 
beginning  of  the  Commonwealth. 

Dr.  Randolph  was  an  honor-graduate  in  medicine  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Virginia,  and  had  just  entered  upon  the  successful 
practice  of  his  profession  in  his  native  section  when  the  call  to 
arms  in  defense  of  the  Mother  State  enlisted  the  services  of  all 
her  sons  of  military  age. 

He  enlisted  for  this  service  on  May  8th,  1861,  only  a  few  weeks 
after  the  Ordinance  of  Secession  had  been  adopted  by  the  Vir- 
ginia Convention  at  Richmond,  and  was  commissioned  as  a  sur- 
geon in  the  Army  of  Virginia  (later  to  become  the  Army  of 
Northern  Virginia)  under  the  skilful  Joseph  E.  Johnston  and 
the  matchless  Robert  E.  Lee.  He  was  assigned  for  duty  with  the 
Richmond  Howitzer  Battalion  of  Artillery.  With  this  glorious 
aggregation  he  saw  one  year's  service  in  the  field,  and  after- 
wards was  stationed  at  Lynchburg  as  Surgeon  in  charge  of  Gen- 
eral Hospital  No.  2. 

Dr.-  Randolph's  achievements  in  this  difficult  but  necessary 
role  of  army  service  were  notable,  distinguished,  and  in  keeping 
with  his  great  talents  in  medicine  and  surgery,  and  the  efficiency 
natural  in  a  graduate  of  the  great  school  which  he  was  proud 
to  call  his  Alma  Mater.  Despite  the  handicaps  which  were 
inevitable  from  the  unprepared  condition  of  the  Confederacy, 
and  the  many  obstructions  placed  around  the  civilized  care  of 
the  sick  and  wounded  by  the  unexpected  and  questionable  sever- 


86  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

ity  of  the  enemy  as  to  blockade  and  deprivation  of  medical  sup- 
plies, he  made  an  enviable  and  distinguished  record  for  the  effi- 
ciency and  care  which  he  exercised  over  the  helpless  wounded 
entrusted  to  his  treatment. 

Paroled  on  May  8th,  1865,  after  four  successive  years  of  un- 
remitting service,  Dr.  Randolph  returned  to  his  native  county, 
and  spent  the  remainder  of  his  long  life  in  practising  among  his 
own  people,  with  whom  his  name  became  a  household  word. 

He  was  born  in  the  year  1834  in  the  county  of  Albemarle,  and 
departed  this  life  on  April  23rd,  1907,  in  his  seventy-fourth 
year,  beloved  by  all  and  honored  as  few  men  have  been  in  his 
day  and  time  for  his  sterling  qualities  of  head  and  heart,  and 
devotion  to  his  native  land  and  the  heroic  people  who  sprung 
from  it. 

DR.  ARCHIBALD  TAYLOR. 
BY  C.  B.  LINNEY. 

Archibald  Taylor  entered  the  Confederate  service  in  April, 
1861,  as  Second-Lieutenant  of  the  Charles  City  Troop,  and  was 
commissioned  Assistant  Surgeon  afterwards.  He  served  at  va- 
rious stations,  last  at  Richmond,  Virginia.  He  continued  in  the 
service  until  the  close  of  the  war.  After  the  war  he  resided  at 
Charlottesville,  where  he  practiced  his  profession. 


SKETCHES  Of  THE  DEAD  87 

NON-COM  MISSIONED   OFFICERS!  AND   PRIVATES. 

JAMES  BUTLER  SIGOURNEY  ALEXANDER.* 

James  Butler  Sigourney  Alexander  was  born  in  Charlottes- 
ville,  January  6th.  1836.  He  graduated  at  the  U.  S.  (West 
Point)  Military  Academy,  in  June,  1856,  and  was  a  second-lieu- 
tenant in  the  U.  S.  Army  until  April,  1861,  when  he  resigned 
and  was  appointed  Captain  in  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia. 
Later  he  became  Assistant  C.  M.  and  Q.  M.  General  in  the 
Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  under  General  Garnett  and  General 
Jackson.  He  died  at  Alleghany  Springs,  August  13th,  1861. 
He  is  buried  in  the  cemetery  at  Charlottesville. 

WILLIAM  WILLS  ALEXANDER.* 

William  Wills  Alexander  was  born  in  Charlottesville,  August 
25th,  1838.  He  was  Second-Lieutenant  of  Company  B,  Nine- 
teenth Virginia  Regiment;  was  in  the  battles  of  Bull  Run  and 
Manassas ;  served  in  the  medical  department  in  Lynchburg ;  aft- 
erwards was  Adjutant  of  the  Forty-sixth  Virginia  Regiment; 
wounded  in  1864,  and  killed  March  29th,  1865,  at  the  battle  of 
Hatcher's  Run,  near  Petersburg.  He  is  buried  in  the  cemetery 
at  Charlottesville. 

J.  M.  ANDERSON. 

J.  M.  Anderson  was  a  son  of  Colonel  John  T.  Anderson  and 
originally  from  Hanover  County,  Virginia.  He  was  a  fine  sol- 
dier and  served  his  country  well.  He  engaged  in  business  after 
the  war  and  was  highly  esteemed  as  a  man  and  citizen.  He 
was  an  active  member  of  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp. 

R.  G.  BAILEY. 

R.  G.  Bailey  enlisted  in  Company  A,  Nineteenth  Virginia  In- 
fantry, and  served  during  the  war.  After  the  close  of  hostili- 
ties he  lived  in  Charlottesville  and  kept  a  place  of  entertainment. 

*These  sketches  came  in  late,  and  through  oversight  were  omitted 
in  making  up  the  sketches  of  deceased  officers. 


88  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

J.  B.  BAKER. 

J.  B.  Baker  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  Army  May  1st,  1861, 
as  an  orderly  sergeant  of  Company  H,  First  Virginia  Cavalry. 
He  was  wounded  at  First  Manassas  and  disabled  from  further 
service  in  the  army. — A  fine  soldier  and  citizen. 


HENRY  JUSTUS  BALZ. 
BY  ALBERT  G.  A.  BALZ. 

Henry  Justus  Balz  was  born  in  Frankenburg,  Hesse-Cassel, 
Germany,  on  February  25th,  1840.  He  came  to  the  United 
States  as  a  youth  of  seventeen.  At  the  outbreak  of  the  war  he 
enlisted  in  an  artillery  company  organized  by  a  Captain  Wag- 
ner, a  Prussian  soldier  of  fortune  who  gave  his  services  to  the 
Confederacy.  He  saw  service  at  Fort  Sumter,  but  later  was  in 
Company  1A,  Lucas's  Battalion,  Armv  of  Northern  Virginia. 

After  the  war  Henry  Balz  returned  to  Charlottesville,  Vir- 
ginia, where,  on  April  7th, '  1870,  he  married  Mary  Hartman. 
He  remained  in  Charlottesville  until  his  death,  which  occurred 
on  October  25th,  1902.  He  was  instrumental  in  organizing  the 
Monticello  Guard,  and  was  for  many  years  Second  Warden  of 
the  Volunteer  Fire  Company. 

JOHN  H.  BARKSDALE. 
BY  W.  R.  BARKSDALE,  His  SECOND  SON. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch,  John  Henry  Barksdale,  was  born 
March  8th,  1828,  at  the  old  Barksdale  homestead  in  Albemarle 
County,  known  as  Pleasant  Hill.  He  came  of  a  long  line  of 
ancestors,  dating  back  to  the  early  part  of  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury, when  Sir  William  Barksdale,  the  first  of  the  name,  so  far 
as  known,  emigrated  to  America  from  England  and  settled  in 
Virginia. 

He  was  the  second  son  of  Rice  Garland  Barksdale  and  Eliza- 
beth S.  White,  his  wife,  and  was  educated  in  the  country 
schools  of  the  neighborhood.  At  the  age  of  twenty-eight  (No- 
vember 18th,  1856),  he  married  Miss  Mattie  Catherine  Dun- 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  89 

kum,  of  Green  Hill,  Albemarle  County.  Soon  afterward  he 
bought  the  Robinson  place,  then  known  as  Locust  Grove,  where 
he  engaged  in  farming  until  called  to  arms  in  the  spring  of 
1864,  under  Captain  Pannell,  of  the  Fifth  Virginia  Cavalry. 
He  served  only  a  few  weeks,  however,  before  he  was  shot 
through  the  left  hand  at  the  Battle  of  Yellow  Tavern,  the  same 
engagement  in  which  his  commanding  general,  the  immortal 
Stuart,  was  killed.* 

After  recovering  from  his  wound  sufficiently,  he  went  into 
the  Commissary  Department  and  bought  and  drove  cattle  for 
the  subsistence  of  the  army.  Prior  to  the  war  he  was  very  ac- 
tive in  organizing  and  drilling  the  State  militia,  and  rose  to  the 
rank  of  Lieutenant-Colonel,  by  which  title  he  was  called  by  his 
old  associates  during  the  rest  of  his  life. 

At  the  close  of  the  war,  or  soon  afterward,  being  in  straight- 
ened circumstances  on  account  of  the  loss  of  all  his  slaves  and 
the  impoverished  condition  of  the  country,  and  finding  it  hard 
to  make  a  living  for  his  family  on  the  little  and  poor  farm,  he 
obtained  an  appointment  as  deputy-sheriff,  and  at  the  end  of 
the  term  was  elected  sheriff,  which  office  he  filled  iwith  credit. 

After  retiring  from  public  life,  having  lost  his  home  on  ac- 
count of  inability  to  meet  the  payments,  he  moved  back  to  the 
old  home  at  Pleasant  Hill,  and  engaged  in  farming  again  for 
some  years. 

Afterward  he  bought  and  moved  to  the  Wingfield  place,  just 
across  the  road  from  Temple  Hill  Church,  where,  a  few  years 
afterwards,  on  March  15th,  1899,  he  had  the  misfortune  to  lose 
his  lifetime  partner.  From  that  time  he  made  his  home  with  his 
oldest  son,  J.  O.  Barksdale,  at  what  was  one  time  the  Gary 
place,  where  he  departed  this  life  on  September  2nd,  1912,  just 
a  few  months  before  his  85th  birthday.  His  remains  lie  in  the 
family  section  in  the  cemetery  at  Mount  Olivet  Church. 


*There  is  no  record  of  the  other  engagements  in   which  he  took 
part. 


90  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

W.  S.  BASHAW. 

W.  S.  Bashaw  enlisted  in  June,  1861,  in  the  Fluvanna  Ar- 
tillery. He  was  discharged,  but  re-enlisted  and  served  nearly 
four  years  in  the  Confederate  service.  He  resided  in  Char- 
lottesville,  following  the  occupation  of  a  liveryman. 

ROBERT  BASS. 

Robert  Bass  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  Army  in  1862,  and 
was  discharged  April  9th,  1865,  serving  three  years.  He  was 
originally  from  Fluvanna  County,  but  moved  to  Charlottesville, 
where  he  engaged  in  carpentering. 

NEWTON  BECKWITH. 

Newton  Beckwith  was  a  native  of  Fredericksburg,  Virginia. 
He  served  four  years  in  the  Confederate  army  as  a  member  of 
Company  C,  30th  Virginia  Regiment,  under  Captain  Wisten 
Wallace  of  Fredericksburg. 

He  was  a  gallant  soldier,  bearing  privations  and  sufferings 
gladly  for  his  beloved  country.  He  died  in  Charlottesville, 
Virginia,  January,  1917. 

CHARLES  PAGE  BENSON. 

BY  C.  B.  L. 

Charles  Page  Benson  was  born  in  Charlottesville,  Virginia, 
and  served  faithfully  in  the  War  between  the  States  as  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Albemarle  Artillery.  After  the  war  he  was  a  drug- 
gist for  many  years.  He  died  in  Richmond,  Virginia,  March 
6th,  1904.  He  had  a  host  of  friends.  His  generous  spirit  and 
pleasant  manner  made  him  a  very  enjoyable  companion,  and 
few  men  ever  lived  who  did  more  to  cheer  the  sick  and  comfort 
the  sorrowing.  He  was  a  valuable  and  active  member  of  John 
Bowie  Strange  Camp. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  91 

ALBERT  PENDLETON  BIBB. 
BY  R.  H.  WOOD. 

Albert  Pendleton  Bibb,  born  of  patriotic  blood,  did  not  wait 
to  be  called,  but  at  the  age  of  sixteen  volunteered  in  the  serv- 
ice of  the  Confederate  .States  of  America.  By  reason  of  poor 
health  he  was  not  able  to  continue  in  the  service  very  long,  but 
while  he  was  in,  he  rendered  valuable  service  as  orderly  ser- 
geant, never  sparing  himself,  but  giving  the  best  that  was  in  him 
to  the  work  in  which  he  was  engaged.  On  his  return  home  he 
entered  into  the  dry  goods  business  with  his  father,  John  H. 
Bibb,  who,  as  a  leading  business  man,  was  one  of  the  most  in- 
fluential citizens  of  Charlottesville. 

When  his  father  retired  from  the  business,  A.  P.  Bibb  con- 
tinued it  most  successfully  for  a  number  of  years,  but  his  health 
giving  away  entirely,  he,  too,  was  compelled  to  follow  a  life 
that  took  him  more  out  of  doors. 

Early  in  life  he  united  with  the  Charlottesville  Baptist  Church 
and  continued  one  of  its  most  active  and  efficient  members  un- 
til his  marriage  to  Miss  Nannie  Leitch,  when  he  withdrew  from 
the  Baptist  Church  and  with  her  entered  the  Charlottesville 
Presbyterian  Church.  In  this  church  his  usefulness  soon  be- 
came apparent,  and  in  a  short  time  he  was  elected  a  ruling  elder, 
in  which  office  he  rendered  valuable  service  to  the  Church  and 
the  cause  of  Christianity.  He  was  also  elected  to,  and  for  a 
number  of  years  held,  the  office  of  Superintendent  of  the  Sab- 
bath School,  which  he  filled  most  acceptably  to  the  officers, 
teachers  and  scholars  of  the  school,  as  well  as  to  the  members 
and  officers  of  the  church,  all  of  whom  deeply  regretted  when, 
by  reason  of  impaired  health,  he  had  to  resign  his  office. 

There  was  never  a  man  in  Charlottesville  who  had  more 
friends  than  A.  P.  Bibb.  He  made  friends  easily,  and  re- 
tained them.  His  energy  knew  no  bounds,  and  he  never  spared 
himself  where  he  could  be  of  service  to  his  friends,  his  church, 
or  his  country.  His  nature  was  to  love  everybody,  and  every- 
body loved  him. 


92  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

JONATHAN  BISHOP. 

Jonathan  Bishop  entered  the  Confederate  army  from  Char- 
lottesville,  Virginia,  as  a  gun  corporal  in  Southall's  Battery  of 
Artillery.  He  was  a  fine  soldier,  serving  in  the  same  company 
until  the  close  of  the  war.  He  engaged  in  mercantile  business 
in  Charlottesville  at  the  close  of  hostilities,  and  died  at  the  Sol- 
dier's Home  in  Richmond,  Virginia. 


REV.  DANIEL  BLAIN,  D.  D. 
BY  R.  WALLER  BLAIN. 

Daniel  Blain,  eldest  son  of  Rev.  Samuel  Wilson  Blain,  was 
born  in  Cumberland  County,  Virginia,  November  20th.  1838. 
He  was  prepared  for  college  by  his  father  and  Dr.  R.  L.  Dabney, 
and  at  the  preparatory  school  of  Jacob  Fuller  in  Lexington,  Vir- 
ginia. In  1854  he  entered  Washington  College  (now  Washing- 
ton and  Lee  University),  graduating  with  the  degree  of  A.  B. 
in  1858.  The  next  two  years  were  spent  as  the  assistant  of  the 
Rev.  Wm.  H.  Foote,  D.  D.,  in  Potomac  Academy,  Romney, 
Virginia,  having  united  with  the  Lexington  Presbyterian  Church 
under  the  ministry  of  Rev.  Wm.  S.  White,  D.  D.,  in  1854.  In 
the  fall  of  1860  he  entered  Union  Theological  Seminary,  Vir- 
ginia, and  continued  there  until  March,  1861,  when  he  went  to 
the  neighborhood  of  Petersburg  to  teach. 

In  May,  1861,  he  entered  the  Confederate  army  as  a  private 
in  the  Rockbridge  Artillery,  Stonewall  Brigade.  After  being 
wounded  he  was  made  Ordnance  Sergeant,  and  served  first  on 
the  staff  of  General  J.  B.  Magruder  and  subsequently  as  assist- 
ant to  Major  Jno.'G.  Barn  well  on.  the  staff  of  General  W.  N. 
Pendleton,  Chief  of  Artillery  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Vir- 
ginia. He  served  from  May,  1861,  to  April,  1865,  and  was  pa- 
roled at  Appomattox. 

In  the  winter  of  1865  he  returned  to  the  Seminary,  where 
he  completed  his  studies  in  1866.  Soon  after  this  he  entered 
upon  his  first  pastorate  at  Collierstown,  Rockbridge  County, 
Virginia.  On  January  3rd,  1867,  he  was  married  to  Mary 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  93 

Louisa,  daughter  of  Dr.  Jno.  C.  Mercer,  at  Williamsburg,  Vir- 
ginia. In  1871  he  accepted  a  call  to  the  church  at  Chrstians- 
burg,  Virginia,  which  he  served  for  seventeen  years. 

The  remainder  of  his  life  was  spent  in  educational  work  in 
additon  to  his  ministerial  service.  After  two  years  of  private 
school  work  and  preaching  in  Williamsburg,  Virginia,  and  in 
Amherst  and  surrounding  counties,  he  moved,  in  1890,  to 
Covesville,  Albemarle  County,  where  for  sixteen  years  he 
conducted  the  Cove  Academy  and  served  the  Cove  and  River- 
side churches,  besides  several  mission  points.  Here  on  October 
4th,  1906,  after  a  few  months  illness,  his  faithful  service  on 
earth  came  to  an  end  and  his  Great  Commander  summoned 
him  to  join  the  saints  above. 

He  left  six  sons,  three  of  whom  are  Presbyterian  ministers, 
while  others  are  in  the  eldership  of  the  church. 

He  was  a  brave,  faithful,  consecrated  soldier  of  the  Confed- 
erate States  and  of  the  cross.  In  both  relations  he  was  a  com- 
rade honored,  useful  and  beloved. 


EZRA  M.  BROWN. 

Ezra  M.  Brown  was  a  son  of  Dr.  Charles  and  Mary  Brown, 
and  resided  near  the  University  of  Virginia  at  a  place  known  as 
"Valley  Point."  He  died  at  the  ripe  old  age  of  seventy-seven 
years  in  the  room  in  which  he  was  born.  ^ 

He  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  as  a  member  of  Com- 
pany K,  Second  Virginia  Cavalry,  known  as  the  Albemarle 
Light  Horse,  and  was  a  gallant  soldier,  participating  in  many 
battles.  He  was  three  times  wounded. 


JAMES  R.  BRYANT. 

James  R.  Bryant  enlisted  April  9th,  1861,  as  a  sergeant  in 
Company  B,  Eighth  Virginia  Cavalry,  and  served  during  the 
war.  He  was  originally  from  Nelson  County,  but  after  the  war 
lived  in  Charlottesville,  Virginia.  His  occupation  was  that  of  a 
miller. 


94  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

R.  E.  BUFFUM. 

R.  E.  Buffum  came  to  Charlottesville,  Virginia,  after  the  war, 
from  the  Mississippi  Department,  where  he  had  made  a  fine  rec- 
ord as  a  soldier.  He  was  an  active  and  honored  member  of 
John  Bowie  Strange  Camp,  and  a  pronounced  Christian  gen- 
tleman. 

BENJAMIN  F.  BURGESS. 

Benjamin  F.  Burgess,  son  of  John  W.  Burgess  and  Bettie 
Gianniny,  was  born  at  Bell  Air,  Albemarle  County,  January 
6th,  1832.  He  entered  the  service  of  the  Confederacy  as  a 
member  of  Company  I,  Forty-sixth  Virginia  Infantry,  and 
served  gallantly  in  the  war  until  he  was  severely  wounded  at 
Petersburg.  He  married  Miss  Bettie  C.  Gillespie  of  Albemarle 
County,  November  12th,  1874.  From  this  union  there  resulted 
two  children.  Going  to  Nelson  County,  he  engaged  in  farm- 
ing on  Joe's  Creek  until  1889,  when  he  moved  to  Charlottesville, 
where  he  spent  the  remainder  of  his  life.  He  died  at  the  home 
of  his  son  November  22nd,  1917. 

ROBERT  NICHOLAS  BURGESS. 

Robert  Nicholas  Burgess,  son  of  John  and  Elizabeth  Bur- 
gess, was  born  September  20th,  1839,  in  Albemarle  County,  Vir- 
ginia. He  served  in  the  Confederate  States  army  from  1861  to 
1865  in  Company  I,  Forty-Sixth  Virginia  Regiment. 

He  married  Miss  Willie  Gillespie  in  August,  1865.  She  died 
June  6th,  1870.  On  January  23,  1871,  he  was  marred  to  Miss 
Lucy  M.  Gillespie,  who  still  survives. 

He  began  farming  immediately  upon  his  return  from  the 
army,  and  continued  as  farmer  and  overseer  in  Albemarle 
County  until  April  1881,  when  he  moved  to  Charlottesville  and 
accepted  a  position  as  policeman,  working  at  that  position  for 
a  few  years,  until  he  accepted  a  position  as  baggage  agent  with 
the  Virginia  Midland  Railroad,  afterwards  known  as  the  Rich- 
mond and  Danville  Railroad  and  later  as  the  Southern  Ralroad. 
He  occupied  this  position  until,  on  account  of  physical  disabili- 


DRURY  W.  BURNLEY 
SOUTHALL'S  BAT.  OF  LIGHT  ARTILLERY,  C.  S.  A. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  95 

ties,  he  took  a  lighter  position  as  crossing  watchman,  which  po- 
sition he  held  until  his  death,  which  occurred  in  Charlottesville, 
December  18th,  1911.  He  was  buried  in  Oakwood  Cemetery, 
He  is  survived  by  his  wife  and  the  following  children:  J.  H. 
Burgess,  of  Roanoke;  Mrs.  J.  L.  Almond,  of  Locust  Grove,  Vir- 
ginia; and  J.  W.  and  R.  T.  Burgess,  of  Charlottesville. 

W.  J.  BURKE. 

W.  J.  Burke  enlisted  as  a  private  in  Company  G,  Ninth  Vir- 
ginia Cavalry,  and  served  four  years  in  the  Confederate  army. 
He  was  a  farmer  by  occupation  and  lived  near  Charlottesville, 
Virginia. 

DRURY  WOOD  BURNLEY. 
BY  CARRIE  C.  BURNLEY. 

Drury  Wood  Burnley  was  born  at  Stony  Point,  Albemarle 
County,  Virginia,  September  4th,  1826.  His  father,  Nathaniel 
Burnley,  was  a  native  of  Louisa  County,  but  in  early  life  moved 
from  thence  to  Albemarle  where  he  married  Sarah  Sutton 
Wood,  a  daughter  of  Drury  Wood  of  Park  Hill  near  Stony 
Point,  later  making  his  home  at  Hydraulic  on  the  Rivanna 
River,  where  he  engaged  extensively  and  successfully  in  milling, 
merchandising  and  farming. 

On  November  24th,  1847,  Drury  Wood  Burnley  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Cornelia  Winston  Clarke.  She  was  born  in  Au- 
gusta County,  June  2nd,  1822,  and  was  a  daughter  of  Dr. 
Thomas  King  Clarke,  who  married  Elizabeth  Garth,  a  daughter 
of  Thomas  Garth  of  Albemarle.  Of  Scotch  ancestry,  Dr. 
Clarke  was  a  native  of  Augusta  County,  practicing  his  profes- 
sion there  and  also  in  Albemarle. 

Drury  Wood  Burnley  became  a  public  official  before  he  was 
twenty-one  years  old,  serving  as  deputy-sheriff,  sheriff,  com- 
missioner of  the  revenue,  assessor,  internal  revenue  officer, 
clerk  and  deputy-clerk  alternately  of  Albemarle  county  court, 
holding  the  latter  office  at  the  time  of  his  death,  January  28th, 
1906. 

On  May  1st,  1861,  he  enlisted  in  the  Virginia  Light  Artillery, 


96  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

serving  as  First  Sergeant  of  Battery  A  (Southall's  Battery) 
Magruder's  Brigade,  Johnston's  Division,  until  August  25th, 
1862,  when  he  returned  home  to  assume  again  his  duties  as  a 
public  official.  His  battery,  a  part  of  the  command  of  the  Pol- 
ish colonel,  Sulakowski,  was  stationed  several  miles  below  York- 
town  during  the  autumn  of  1861.  A  letter  to  his  family  writ- 
ten at  that  time,  gives  a  graphic  account  of  the  inadequateness 
of  the  army  of  defense  which,  under  the  skilful  disposition  of 
General  Magruder,  was  holding  at  bay  McClellan's  vastly  supe- 
rior numbers. 

ELWOOD  BYERS. 

Elwood  Byers  enlisted  in  Carrington's  Battery  of  Artillery 
from  Maryland.  Afterwards  he  was  transferred  to  Company 
K,  Second  Virginia  Cavalry,  Albemarle  Light  Horse.  He  was 
a  fine  soldier  and  an  educated  and  refined  gentleman.  He  served 
during  the  entire  war,  and  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania, 
in  the  railroad  service. 


R.  HENRY  CARR. 

R.  Henry  Carr  was  the  oldest  member  of  Company  K,  Sec- 
ond Virginia  Cavalry,  Albemarle  Light  Horse.  He  enlisted  in 
the  Confederate  service  in  1862,  serving  with  gallantry  until  the 
close  of  the  war.  His  brother  James  G.  Carr  was  killed  at  Fork 
Kennan  in  May,  1864.  He  engaged  in  farming  after  the  war 
and  was  a  valuable  citizen  to  the  community. 


JOHN  W.  CHRISTMAS. 

John  W.  Christmas  was  born  in  Fluvanna  County,  Virginia, 
and  in  1862,  joined  the  Confederate  army  as  a  private  in  Wood- 
fork's  Battery  of  Artillery.  He  served  to  the  close  of  the  war. 
After  the  war  he  moved  to  Charlottesville,' Virginia  and  en- 
gaged in  auctioneering. 


SKETCHES   OF  THE   DEAD  97 

S.  S.  CLEMENTS. 

S.  S.  Clements  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  from  Ivy, 
Virginia,  in  I.  W.  Williams'  Company,  Forty-sixth  Virginia  In- 
fantry, Wise's  Brigade,  and  served  with  that  company  for  one 
year.  He  was  then  transferred  to  Southall's  Battery  of  Artil- 
lery, participating  in  many  battles  with  that  command.  He  was 
wounded  at  Bristoe  Station  and  Second  Cold  Harbor,  and  at 
Sailor's  Creek.  He  was  then  taken  prisoner  and  carried  to 
Point  Lookout,  thus  closing  his  war  record. 

NATHANIEL  GREEN  CLIFTON. 

Nathaniel  Green  Clifton  enlisted  in  Company  E,  Thirty-first 
Regiment  Georgia  Infantry,  in  November  1861,  as  first  cor- 
poral, and  was  afterwards  musician.  He  served  with  this  com- 
mand until  April  9th,  1865,  and  was  paroled  at  Appomattox. 

He  was  a  loyal  and  faithful  soldier,  taking  part  in  many  bat- 
tles of  the  Confederacy.  He  located  in  Charlottesvlile  after  the 
war;  was  active  in  business,  and  highly  esteemed  as  a  worthy 
and  valuable  citizen. 

GEORGE  MOFFETT  COCHRAN. 
BY  MRS.  JOHN  M.  PRESTON. 

Son  of  John  Cochran  and  his  wife  Margaret  Lynn  Lewis, 
George  Moffett  Cochran  was  only  eighteen  years  old  when  war 
was  declared.  He  was  very  anxious  to  join  the  army,  but  his 
father  thought  him  too  young.  After  much  pleading  his  father's 
consent  was  granted,  and  he  joined  Carrington's  Battery,  under 
command  of  Captain  James  McDowell  Carrington,  and  served 
in  that  company  until  late  in  the  war,  when  he  was  transferred 
to  General  Long's  staff  as  courier.  He  had  two  horses  shot 
from  under  him  in  the  raid  on  Washington,  and  was  wounded 
at  Chancellorsville. 

After  the  war  he  entered  the  mercantile  business  with  Mr. 
John  C.  Patterson,  in  Charlottesville,  in  which  partnership  he 
continued  until  his  death.  He  was  a  zealous  Knight  of  Pythias 


98  SKETCHES   OF   THE    DEAD 

and  a  man  warm-hearted  and  of  generous  impulses.  He  joined 
the  Presbyterian  Church  while  in  the  army.  He  was  born  April 
10th,  1843;  Died  March  8th,  1883. 

JAMES  COCHRAN 
BY  MRS.  JOHN  M.  PRESTON. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  the  second  son  of  John  Coch- 
ran  and  his  wife  Margaret  Lynn  Lewis.  He  was  born  June  5th, 
1830,  and  died  November  2nd,  1897.  He  was  educated  in  the 
schools  of  Albemarle  County,  and  graduated  in  Law  from  the 
University  of  Virginia,  but  never  practiced.  He  married  Miss 
Elizabeth  Brooke,  and  lived  quietly  and  happily  at  their  home, 
"Folly,"  Augusta  County.  On  account  of  frail  health  he  did 
not  go  into  the  army  at  once,  but  put  in  a  substitute.  Later  he 
took  an  active  part,  being  in  the  cavalry  with  Wickham's  Bri- 
gade, Colonel  Sproul,  Ninety-third  Regiment,  in  November, 
1864. 

After  the  war  he  returned  home  and  lived  quietly,  surrounded 
by  a  large  circle  of  loving  friends.  Beneath  a  brusque  exterior 
and  eccentricity  of  manners  he  had  a  warm  and  sympathetic 
heart.  Without  ostentation  he  did  much  to  aid  the  needy. 

S.  I.  COFFMAN. 

S.  I.  Coffman  entered  the  Confederate  army  as  a  sergeant 
in  Carrington's  Battery  of  Artillery,  and  served  during  the  war. 
He  was  well  known  as  an  educator,  filling  positions  in  Tenn- 
essee and  Virginia  colleges  and  conducting  a  very  successful 
school  at  Ivy,  Virginia.  As  a  man  and  citizen  he  was  highly 
esteemed.  He  died  at  Ivy,  September  25th,  1919. 

W.  P.  CONNELL. 

"W.  P.  Connell  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  from  Char- 
lottesville  as  a  member  of  the  Albemarle  Rifles,  of  Colonel  R. 
T.  W.  Duke's  regiment,  and  served  during  the  war.  He  was  a 
contractor,  and  resided  in  Charlottesville  until  his  death. 


SKETCHES    OF   THE    DEAD  99 

THOMAS  M.  COSBY. 

Thomas  M.  Cosby  enlisted  in  Company  K,  Second  Virginia 
Cavalry,  known  as  the  Albemarle  Light  Horse,  at  the  beginning 
of  the  war,  and  participated  in  some  thirty  battles.  He  was 
wounded  November  9th,  1864,  in  the  Valley  Campaign.  He  was 
noted  for  his  fine  soldierly  qualities.  He  was  a  son  of  William 
Cosby,  near  Ivy,  Virginia,  and  a  man  of  sterling  character. 


A.  D.  COX. 
FROM  "THE  CONFEDERATE  VETERAN,"  JUNE,  1914. 

In  the  death  of  A.  D.  Cox,  on  May  1st,  1913,  Virginia  lost  a 
loyal  citizen  and  a  gallant  soldier  of  the  Confederacy. 

Azell  Donop  Cox  was  born  October  18th,  1842,  in  Albemarle 
County,  Virginia.  The  family  removed  to  Charlottesville  in 
1849  and  were  pioneers  in  the  development  of  that  city.  At  the 
time  of  his  death  Mr.  Cox  was  one  of  its  largest  taxpayers. 
All  of  his  dealings  with  his  fellow  men  were  characterized  by 
a  high  sense  of  honor  and  an-inflexible  business  integrity. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  War  between  the  States,  he,  with  his 
brothers.  Eugene  M.,  Lucian  X.,  and  Leroy  W7esley  Cox,  en- 
tered the  Confederate  service.  He  was  lieutenant  in  Company 
I,  46th  Virginia  Regiment,  and  his  army  career  was  one  of  un- 
usual interest.  Among  other  engagements,  he  was  in  the  Bat- 
tle of  the  Crater,  near  Petersburg,  Virginia.  While  prisoner  of 
war  at  Fort  Delaware  and  Point  Lookout,  he  suffered  many 
hardships.  His  exceeding  modesty  kept  him  from  speaking  of 
his  service  to  his  country,  but  he  showed  his  loyalty  to  the  Con- 
federacy by  his  generosity  to  needy  soldiers. 

Dr.  William  Cox,  his  father,  being  too  old  for  active  army 
service,  was  a  member  of  the  home  guard.  His  house  was  used 
as  a  private  hospital  for  sick  and  wounded  Confederates,  and 
his  wife  and  daughters,  with  the  faithful  family  servants,  min- 
istered to  the  needs  of  many  unfortunate  Southern  and  some 
Northern  soldiers.  At  the  close  of  the  war  Dr.  Cox's  daughter 
Adelaide  became  the  wife  of  Lieutenant  Samuel  Comer,  of 


100  SKETCHES    OF   THE    DEAD 

South  Carolina.  The  other  daughter,  Josephine,  and  son,  L. 
W.  Cox,  are  the  surviving  members  of  Dr.  Cox's  family,  and 
are  living  at  the  old  home  in  Charlottesville. 

EUGENE 'MONTRAVILLE  cox. 

BY  W.  E.  NORRIS. 

Eugene  Montraville  Cox,  born  May  13th,  1833,  was  among 
the  members  of  the  Border  Guard  at  its  organization.  This  was 
an  Albemarle  company  recruited  by  Captain  R.  G.  Crank.  The 
company  was  mustered  into  service  at  Lewisburg,  Virginia, 
June  23rd,  1861,  and  became  a  part  of  the  Wise  Legion. 

He  and  his  brothers,  A.  D.  and  L.  W.  Cox,  were  present  with 
the  company  in  the  engagement  at  Scarey  Creek,  July  17th, 
1861,  where  Theodorick  Smith  was  killed  and  John  T.  Mallory 
wounded.  These  were  the  first  casualties  that  occurred  among 
Albemarle  County  men  in  battle  in  defense  of  the  Confederate 
cause. 

The  Wise  Legion  was  captured  at  Roanoke  Island  and  pa- 
roled. After  the  exchange  of  prisoners  had  been  effected,  the 
command  was  reorganized,  and  the  Border  Guard  was  then 
known  as  Company  D,  Forty-sixth  Infantry,  Wise's  Brigade. 
E.  M.  Cox  resigned  his  sergeantcy  in  Company  D  and  was  trans- 
ferred to  Company  I  of  the  same  regiment.  He  was  captured 
at  Hatcher's  Run,  March  29th,  1865,  and  held  prisoner  until 
after  the  close  of  the  war.  He  then  located  in  Petersburg,  Vir- 
ginia, where  he  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  October  22nd,  1885. 

LUCIAN  NAPOLEON  COX. 

BY  L.  WESLEY  Cox. 

Lucian  Napoleon  Cox  was  born  May  7th,  1838,  and  enlisted 
in  the  Albemarle  Rifles.  Company  B,  Nineteenth  Virginia  Regi- 
ment, in  April  1861.  He  was  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Seven 
Pines.  On  December  22nd,  1862,  while  on  his  way  to  Char- 
lottesville, he  was  instantly  killed  in  a  railroad  wreck  near  Han- 
over Junction. 


SKETCHES    OF  THE    DEAD  101 

THOMAS  JEFFERSON  CRADDOCK. 

Thomas  Jefferson  Craddock  resided  near  Milton,  Virginia. 
He  entered  the  Confederate  army  as  a  member  of  General 
Thomas  L.  Rosser's  command  of  cavalry,  and  was  a  fine  sol- 
dier. He  had  a  genius  for  carving,  and  his  remarkable  canes 
were  noted  far  and  near. 


W.  H.  CROCKFORD. 

W.  H.  Crockford  enlisted  when  a  boy  of  seventeen  or  eigh- 
teen in  the  Confederate  army  as  a  member  of  Company  A, 
Seventeenth  Virginia  Infantry,  April  19th,  1861.  He  partici- 
pated in  thirty-seven  battles  and  was  twice  wounded.  He  re- 
sided in  Charlottesville  after  the  war  and  died  there.  He  was 
an  active  member  of  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp  and  justly 
proud  of  his  war  record. 


GEORGE  M.  CULIN. 
BY  L.  M.  Cox. 

George  M.  Culin  left  Charlottesville  with  the  Monticello 
Guard  Company  A,  Nineteenth  Virginia  Infantry,  in  1861,  and 
served  with  distinction  until  April  6th,  1865,  when  he  was  cap- 
tured at  Sailor's  Creek.  He  was  a  brother  of  Captain  J.  C.  Cu- 
lin and  of  William  Culin,  who  was  killed  in  the  Seven  Days 
battles  around  Richmond.  He  was  a  splendid  soldier  and  good 
citizen,  and  resided  in  Charlottesville  after  the  war. 


F.  B.  DAVIS. 

F.  B.  Davis  resided  near  Ivy  Depot,  and  enlisted  in  South- 
all's  Battery  of  Artillery  in  July,  1861,  but  afterwards  trans- 
ferred to  Company  F,  Thirty-fifth  Virginia  Cavalry.  After  the 
war  he  lived  in  Charlottesville,  following  the  trade  of  a  car- 
penter. 


102  SKETCHES    OF   THE    DEAD 

MARSHALL  DINWIDDIE. 
BY  EDGAR  E.  DINWIDDIE. 

Marshall  Dinwiddie,  seventh  son  of  William  Walthall  Din- 
widdie  and  Nancy  (Bryan)  Dinwiddie,  was  born  in  Campbell 
County,  Virginia,  November  7th,  1845.  When  about  twelve 
years  old,  the  family  moved  to  Greenwood  in  Albemarle  County, 
where  the  remainder  of  his  boyhood  was  spent.  At  the  age  of 
seventeen  he  entered  the  Confederate  army,  McGregor's,  for- 
merly Pelham's.  Battery  of  Stuart's  Horse  Artillery,  serving  to 
the  end  of  the  war.  McGregor,  soon  made  Major,  selected  him 
for  his  courier  and  quasi-secretary,  in  which  position  he  ren- 
dered faithful  and  satisfactory  service. 

After  the  war  he  married  Lucy  Austin  Leake,  a  niece  of  Hon- 
orable Shelton  F.  Leake.  Their  three  children  survive :  Mrs. 
R.  Newton  Spencer,  Washington,  D.  C. ;  Marshall  Leake  Din- 
widdie, Alexandria,  Virginia;  and  Mrs.  Mary  B.  Spencer,  Ar- 
rington,  Virginia. 

He  was  with  the  Chesapeake  and  Ohio  Railroad  for  twenty 
years  as  agent  and  telegraph  operator,  going  from  this  road  to 
the  Southern  in  its  car  record  office  at  Atlanta,  after  the  death 
of  his  wife;  but  not  liking  his  work,  was  shortly  after  placed 
by  the  Southern  as  an  agent  in  Virginia,  and  served  as  such  un- 
til he  married  some  years  later  Mrs.  Sammie  O.  Durrette  of 
Albemarle.  She  died  some  years  before  him. 

He  was  prominent  in  Masonic  circles,  being  for  years  secre- 
tary of  Widow's  Son's  Lodge  No.  60,  Keystone  Royal  Arch 
Chapter  No.  58,  and  Commandery  No.  3,  Knights  Templar  of 
Charlottesville,  and  member  of  Acca  Temple,  Richmond. 

He  was  strong  in  his  religious  convictions  and  died  in  the  full 
hope  of  a  glorious  immortality.  His  death  occurred  May  15th, 
1916,  in  the  71st  year  of  his  age,  at  the  home  of  his  daughter  at 
Arrington,  and  his  body  lies  in  the  cemetery  adjoining  the 
Methodist  Church  there. 


SKETCHES    OF  THE    DEAD  103 

WALTHALL  DINWIDDIE. 
BY  A  FRIEND  (J.  S.  P.) 

Walthall  Dinwiddie,  better  known  as  Walter  Dinwiddie,  the 
eighth  son  of  William  Walthall  Dinwiddie  and  Nancy  (Bryan) 
Dinwiddie,  was  born  in  Campbell  County,  Virginia,  December 
3rd,  1847.  When  he  was  about  ten  years  of  age  the  family 
moved  to  Greenwood,  Virginia,  where  the  rest  of  his  boyhood 
was  spent.  At  sixteen  he  entered  the  Confederate  army,  and 
served  with  courage  and  devotion  as  a  member  of  McGregor's 
Battery,  Stuart's  Horse  Artillery,  until  the  close  of  the  war. 

After  the  war  he  married  Miss  Eliza  Stanley  Shepherd  of 
Albemarle  County.  She  survives  him.  The  surviving  children 
are:  William  Walter  of  Orange,  New  Jersey;  Harman  A., 
Mary  Louise,  Harry  E.,  and  L.  Estelle  of  Charlottesville ;  Mrs. 
William  J.  Buchanan,  Charlottesville;  Mrs.  Daniel  Colcock,  Jr., 
New  Orleans;  Dr.  J.  Gray  Dinwiddie,  Wilmington,  Delaware; 
and  Robert  S.  Dinwiddie,  Detroit,  Michigan. 

Mr.  Dinwiddie  was  for  many  years  ticket  agent  in  Charlottes- 
ville for  the  Southern  Railway  Company.  From  this  position  he 
went  to  the  Charlottesville  Perpetual  Building  and  Loan  Com- 
pany as  secretary  and  treasurer,  and  continued  as  the  chief  ex- 
ecutive officer  of  that  corporation  until  his  death,  which  oc- 
curred October  24,  1909. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  City  School  Board  of  Charlottes- 
ville for  many  years.  It  was  during  his  service  in  that  body 
that  the  High  School  building  was  erected  and  furnished  and 
other  constructive  things  done  under  his  inspection  as  chair- 
man of  the  Board's  building  committee.  In  this  position,  and 
in  others  of  trust  and  service,  in  the  church,  in  fraternal  and 
personal  relations,  and  particularly  at  the  head  of  his  family, 
he  met  every  obligation  with  devotion  and  integrity,  fearing 
nothing  but  God,  after  the  manner  of  the  Dinwiddies.  He  was 
prominent  as  a  Mason  and  widely  known  through  this  and  other 
fraternal  affiliations,  holding  membership  in  Widow's  Sons 
Lodge  No.  60,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  Keystone  Royal  Arch  Chap- 
ter, Charlottesville  Commandery  No.  3  (Knights  Templar),  and 
Acca  Temple,  Richmond. 


104  SKETCHES   OF  THE    DEAD 

J.  W.  DOLAN. 

J.  W.  Dolan,  a  member  of  Company  B,  Nineteenth  Virginia 
Infantry,  entered  the  Confederate  army  at  the  beginning  of  hos- 
tilities, and  was  actively  engaged  in  service  until  the  close  of  the 
war.  After  the  surrender  of  Lee  he  engaged  in  the  insurance 
business,  and  was  active  in  all  social  and  church  work.  He  died 
at  the  Soldiers'  Home  in  Richmond  in  1918. 


J.  A.  DRUIN. 

J.  A.  Druin  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  as  a  member  of 
the  Fifth  Virginia  Cavalry,  commanded  by  Colonel  Reuben  Bos- 
ton of  Albemarle  County.  He  was  a  fine  soldier  and  a  worthy 
citizen  of  Charlottesville,  Virginia,  where  he  was  engaged  in 
business. 

R.  W.  DUKE. 
BY  W.  R.  DUKE. 

R.  W.  Duke  was  born  in  Taylorsville,  Kentucky,  September 
21st,  1845.  He  was  the  only  son  of  William  Johnson  Duke  and 
Emily  Anderson  Duke,  his  wife. 

Just  'before  the  war,  his  father,  with  his  family,  moved  to 
Virginia. 

In  1863,  soon  after  the  Gettysburg  campaign,  he  joined  Car- 
rington's  Battery  and  served  with  it  until  the  fight  of  the 
Bloody  Angle,  at  Spottsylvania  Courthouse,  in  which  fight  all 
of  the  company  were  killed,  wounded,  or  captured,  except  eigh- 
teen, who  escaped.  As  the  enemy  came  over  the  works,  their 
captain  gave  the  order  for  the  men  to  take  care  of  themselves. 
After  this  battle  he,  with  the  other  remaining  members  of  the 
company,  were  attached  to  Garber's  Battery,  and  served  with 
it  during  the  rest  of  the  war. 

After  the  war  he  studied  in  the  schools  in  or  near  Charlottes- 
ville and  in  a  few  years  moved  to  Kentucky,  where  he  taught 
school  until  his  father's  death  in  1875,  when  he  returned  to 
Virginia.  He  was  offered  a  position  as  teacher  in  the  Char- 


105 

lottesville  school,  and  taught  for  some  years,  giving  up  the  po- 
sition when  he  was  appointed  Deputy  Clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court, 
Colonel  Bennett  Taylor  being  the  Clerk.  On  May  29th,  1886, 
he  was  appointed  Clerk,  and  in  May,  1887,  he  was  unanimously 
elected  Clerk,  leading  the  whole  ticket  by  38  votes.  This  of- 
fice he  held  until  his  death,  which  occurred  on  the  12th  day  of 
February,  1909.  He  was  buried  in  Riverview  Cemetery. 


MARSHALL  MILTON  DU  PRE' 

Marshall  Milton  DuPre  was  the  son  of  Louis  Du  Pre,  his  fa- 
ther being  one  of  three  brothers  who  settled  in  Charleston, 
South  Carolina,  after  having  been  banished  from  France  by 
Louis  the  Fourteenth.  He  volunteered  from  Georgia  in  the 
Eighth,  a  regiment  from  that  state,  and  served  the  Confederacy 
for  four  years  in  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  to  the  close 
of  the  war.  After  the  surrender  he  settled  in  Prince  Edward 
County,  Virginia.  Afterwards  he  removed  to  Charlottesville 
where  he  spent  the  remainder  of  his  life.  He  engaged  in  jour- 
nalism, and  was  associated  with  the  Charlottesville  Progress. 
He  was  active  in  musical  and  social  circles,  and  church  work, 
and  highly  esteemed  by  all. 


FRANK  S.  DURRETTE. 
BY  W.  R.  DUKE. 

Frank  S.  Durrette,  the  son  of  Thomas  Durrette  and  Mary 
Early  his  wife,  was  born  on  the  North  Side  of  Albemarle 
County,  July  14th,  1843. 

In  1863,  he  joined  Company  D,  Forty-sixth  Regiment  Vir- 
ginia Infantry.  He  rose  to  be  a  lieutenant  in  his  company  and 
served  until  the  surrender  at  Appomattox.  He  was  a  brave  and 
faithful  soldier. 

After  the  war  he  married  Maria  Samuel  Moon  and  lived  at 
Farmington  on  the  north  side  of  the  North  Fork  of  the  Ri- 
vanna  River.  This  home  was  one  of  the  pleasantest  places  to 
visit.  Frank,  as  he  was  lovingly  called  by  his  many  friends,  was 


106  SKETCHES   OF  THE    DEAD 

a  good  performer  on  the  violin  and  many  were  the  joyous  oc- 
casions at  which  he  gave  much  pleasure  to  his  young  friends. 

He  died  April  27th,  1898,  and  was  buried  at  Farmington  on 
the  land  that  had  belonged  to  his  forbears  for  many  generations. 

"Peace  to  his  Ashes." 


JOHN  D.  DURRETT. 

John  D.  Durrett  resided  near  Owensville,  Virginia,  and  en- 
tered the  Confederate  army  at  the  beginning  of  the  war  as  a 
member  of  Company  A,  Nineteenth  Virginia  Infantry.  He  was 
a  fine  soldier.  At  the  battle  of  Williamsburg  he  saved  the  life 
of  his  comrade,  Walker  Wingfield,  by  killing  a  Federal  soldier 
who  was  in  the  act  of  killing  him.  His  occupation  was  that  of 
a  farmer. 

WILLIAM  DURRETT. 
BY  AUBURN  MANN. 

William  Durrett  was  born  in  Albemarle  County,  Virginia,  at 
the  old  Durrett  homestead,  North  Garden,  February  1st,  1843. 
He  was  the  son  of  Captain  Marcus  and  Anne  Moore  Durrett, 
and  the  grandson  of  Marshall  Durrett,  who  was  the  nephew  of 
Chief  Justice  Marshall  of  the  United  States  Supreme  Court. 
He  was  educated  at  Gibson's  Academy,  conducted  by  "Parson" 
Gibson.  Practically  all  of  his  life  was  spent  at  North  Garden, 
where  he  was  engaged  in  farming. 

"Bill,"  as  he  was  affectionately  called  by  his  associates,  vol- 
unteered for  service  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war.  He  was  then 
about  eighteen  years  of  age,  and  with  his  three  brothers,  Mar- 
cus, Henry  and  James,  entered  the  service  of  his  country.  He 
was  with  the  Tenth  Virginia  Cavalry,  Company  F,  and  his  many 
acts  of  daring  and  bravery  were  done  with  a  fearlessness  which 
never  faltered.  Price  Maury,  son  of  the  late  Jesse  Maury,  who 
at  the  time  of  the  war  was  quite  a  young  boy,  was  taken  pris- 
soner  by  a  number  of  Yankees,  and  was  rescued  single-handed 
by  Mr.  Durrett.  His  three  brothers  came  out  of  the  service 
without  having  been  wounded,  but  not  so  with  him.  He  was 


SKETCHES   OF  THE   DEAD  107 

seven  times  wounded,  most  severely  at  Gettysburg,  where  he 
was  shot  through  the  breast.  But  for  the  prompt  attention 
given  him  by  his  cousin,  Dr.  Martin,  he  would  doubtless  have 
succumbed  to  his  wounds. 

He  was  married  to  Miss  Delicia  Kate  Betts,  daughter  of 
Captain  and  Mrs.  Watts  Betts,  formerly  of  Deal,  Kent  County, 
England.  In  November,  1907,  Mr.  Durrett  departed  this  life, 
leaving  surviving  him  six  children.  He  was  buried  at  the  old 
homestead. 


S.  W.  EDWARDS. 

S.  W.  Edwards  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  May  10th, 
1861,  and  served  until  the  close  as  a  member  of  Company  E, 
Nineteenth  Virginia  Infantry.  He  resided  near.  Burnleys,  Al- 
bemarle  County,  Virginia.  His  occupation  was  that  of  a 
farmer. 


F.  M.  ESTES. 

F.  M.  Estes  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  in  1862  and 
served  until  the  close  in  Company  D,  Thirty-fourth  Virginia 
Infantry.  He  was  wounded  July  30th,  1864.  He  was  born  in 
Greene  County,  Virginia,  but  moved  to  Charlottesville  where 
he  practiced  law. 


MILTON  FERNEYHOUGH. 

BY  W.  R.  DUKE. 

Milton  Ferneyhough  was  born  in  Orange  County,  September 
22nd,  1830. 

Before  the  war  he  managed  for  several  gentlemen,  one  of 
whom  was  Captain  Thomas  L.  Farish  at  "The  Farm,"  then 
one  of  the  finest  farms  in  the  country. 

In  the  spring  of  1862  he  enlisted  in  Carrington's  Battery,  and 
served  until  its  capture  at  the  Bloody  Angle,  where  he  escaped. 


108  SKETCHES    OF   THE    DEAD 

He  was  then  assigned  to  Garber's  Battery  and  served  with  it 
until  the  surrender. 

After  the  war  he  contracted  for  several  years  and  then  en- 
gaged in  farming. 

He  was  a  worthy  citizen.  He  died  in  August,  1904,  and  was 
buried  at  Free  Union,  Albemarle  County. 


ROBERT  HERNDON  FIFE. 
BY  R.  T.  W.  DUKE,  JR. 

Robert  Herndon  Fife  was  born  at  "Rockhill,"  Park  Street, 
Charlottesville,  August  27th,  1843.  His  father,  Rev.  James 
Fife,  came  from  Edinburg,  Scotland,  in  1811,  and  lived  in 
Gloucester,  later  in  Goochland,  where  a  village  is  named  after 
him.  With  his  wife,  Margaret  Herndon  of  Spottsylvania,  he 
moved  to  Charlottesville  in  1839,  where  he  purchased  "Oak- 
lawn,"  the  present  family  residence,  in  1847. 

Herndon  Fife  attended  Strange's  Military  Academy,  Bloom- 
field  Academy,  and  Alleghany  College  in  Greenbrier.  He  en- 
tered the  University  of  Virginia  in  1861,  but  withdrew  in  1862 
to  enlist  in  the  Charlottesville  Artillery,  with  which  he  served 
in  the  Seven  Days  Fight  around  Richmond,  and  in  all  the  ma- 
jor actions  of  the  army  of  Northern  Virginia  until  May  12th, 
1864,  when  his  battery  was  destroyed  in  the  "Bloody  Angle"  at 
Spottsylvania  Court  House,  he  himself  escaping  by  a  hair's 
breadth.  He  then  joined  the  Staunton  Artillery,  sharing  in  the 
famous  Valley  Campaign  of  1864.  He  was  captured  in  Lee's 
gallant  stand  at  Petersburg,  but  escaping  the  same  night,  he 
rejoined  his  command  on  the  retreat  to  Appomattox  and  was 
paroled  as  Battery  Sergeant  at  the  Surrender. 

After  the  war  he  engaged  in  farming  at  "Oaklawn;"  in  1882 
he  was  Bursar  at  the  University;  in  1883-85  he  was  postmaster 
there.  In  1898  he  entered  the  service  of  the  Charlottesville  & 
Albemarle  Railway  Company,  remaining  with  it  until  his  death. 
As  superintendent  of  car  service  he  won  the  travelling  public 
and  established  warm  personal  relations  with  the  employees. 
He  possessed  enduring  youth  in  vigorous  health  and  constant 


SKETCHES    OF   THE   DEAD      .  109 

cheerfulness,  which,  with  loyalty  of  character,  brought  into  his 
circle  of  friends,  not  only  men  of  ante-bellum  days,  but  many 
of  the  younger  generation. 

His  death  occurred  after  a  brief  illness,,  August  16th,  1919. 
He  was  borne  to  his  grave  under  the  cedars  of  "Oaklawn"  by 
his  friends  among  the  railway  employees,  followed  by  the  sur- 
vivors of  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp.  He  held  the  war  medals 
awarded  by  the  University  of  Virginia  and  the  Daughters  of 
th£  Confederacy. 

He  was  for  sixty-one  years  a  member,  and  for  many  years  a 
deacon  in  the  Baptist  Church,  and  for  thirty-three  years  Super- 
intendent of  the  Sunday  School. 

He  married,  in  1867,  Sarah  Ann  Strickler  of  Madison  County, 
who  survives  him,  with  seven  children :  Daisy  F.  Rinehart,  Dr. 
Robert  Herndon  Fife,  Jr.,  Colonel  James  Douglas  Fife,  Mar- 
garet Tucker,  William  Ormond  Fife,  Ella  Katherine  Fife  and 
Shelton  Strickler  Fife. 


P.  W.  FITCH. 

P.  W.  Fitch  came  to  Charlottesville  from  Fluvanna  County 
in  1888,  and  engaged  in  business.  He  was  a  son  of  P.  W.  and 
Margaret  Fitch.  He  enlisted  in  the  army  in  1861,  and  was  se- 
verely wounded  in  the  battle  of  Mine  Run.  He  was  a  member 
of  Company  E,  Fifth  Virginia  Infantry,  and  served  three  years, 
when  he  was  disabled.  He  was  active  in  all  matters  pertaining 
to  the  civil  and  religious  matters  of  the  city. 


FRANCIS  CONWAY  FITZHUGH. 
BY  MRS.  JAMES  STUART  FITZHUGH. 

Died  on  May  12th,  1910,  at  his  home  in  Charlottesville,  Vir- 
ginia, Francis  Conway  Fitzhugh,  at  the  age  of  72  years.  He 
was  born  at  Barboursville,  Orange  County,  Virginia.  His  fa- 
ther having  died,  leaving  a  large  family,  it  became  necessary 
for  Francis  Conway  to  go  to  work  early  in  life.  This  deprived 
him  of  the  opportunity  to  attend  college,  but  being  fond  of 


110  SKETCHES    OF   THE    DEAD 

reading  and  study,  he  acquired  a  good  education  by  his  own  ef- 
fort. 

At  the  commencement  of  the  War  between  the  States  he  was 
employed  at  Jones'  Bookstore  at  the  University  of  Virginia.  He 
promptly  enlisted  in  Company  F,  Thirteenth  Virginia  Regiment 
of  Infantry.  His  health  was  so  bad  at  this  time  the  surgeon  re- 
jected him. 

His  diary,  which  is  well  preserved,  says : 

"March  15th,  1862,  mustered  into  the  Confederate  service  in 
the  Virginia  Battery,  Captain  J.  M.  Carrington — one  hundred 
and  fifty  men  and  six  guns. 

"May  17th,  1862,  left  the  University  to  join  General  Jackson 
in  the  Valley  of  Virginia." 

His  battery  was  engaged  with  Jackson  in  the  Valley  at  Front 
Royal,  Winchester,  Harper's  Ferry,  Port  Republic,  etc.  He 
was  also  at  Malvern  Hill  and  Cold  Harbor.  His  diary  tells  of 
the  battle  of  Chancellorsville,  where  Jackson  was  wounded. 
Here  Carrington's  battery  was  placed  in  an  open  field  in  front 
of  the  Chancellor  House,  around  which  General  Hooker  had 
massed  a  large  force  of  artillery.  At  one  time  the  firing  was  so 
severe  that  the  few  men  left  to  serve  the  guns  had  to  seek 
shelter.  A  member  of  his  battery  says  that  as  soon  as  the 
enemy's  fire  would  slacken,  Fitzhugh  would  run  to  his  gun,  load 
and  fire  until  the  fire  of  the  enemy  would  again  become  too  hot. 
This  he  repeated  until  he  was  wounded  and  carried  from  the 
field.  This  wound  prevented  his  accompanying  his  battery  into 
Pennsylvania,  but  he  rejoined  it  again  in  the  Valley. 

At  the  Bloody  Angle  at  Spottsylvania  Carrington's  Battery 
was  captured.  In  the  darkness  and  confusion  Fitzhugh  and  a 
few  of  his  company  succeeded  in  getting  away,  and  when  Gen- 
eral Gordon  advanced  to  recapture  the  works,  Fitzhugh  picked 
up  a  musket  and  joined  the  infantry  in  the  counter  attack.  The 
guns  of  the  battery  were  retaken,  and  he  then  put  down  the 
musket,  ran  to  his  guns  and  assisted  in  firing  them  until  the  am- 
munition was  exhausted.  On  the  retreat  he  stayed  with  his 
guns  until  the  last,  and  was  placed  in  position  to  support  Gen- 
eral Gordon  in  the  last  charge  of  Lee's  Army  at  Appomattox. 


SKETCHES   OF  THE   DEAD  111 

There  he  saw  his  guns  turned  over  to  the  enemy,  and  it  is  said 
he  wept  like  a  child.  He  fought  a  good  fight,  both  as  a  soldier 
of  his  beloved  Southland  and  as  a  soldier  of  the  Cross. 


JOHN  O.  FRETWELL. 

John  O.  Fretwell  resided  near  Charlottesville  and  was  en- 
gaged in  farming  when  the  war  began.  He  enlisted  in  Carring- 
ton's  Battery  as  a  private  and  served  to  the  end  of  the  war. 


W.  J.  FRETWELL. 

W.  J.  Fretwell  was  from  Albemarle  County,  and  entered  the 
Confederate  army  as  a  member  of  Carrington's  Battery  of  Ar- 
tillery. After  the  war  he  was  engaged  in  the  mercantile  busi- 
ness in  Charlottesville,  Virginia. 


JESSE  LEWIS  FRY. 
BY  Miss  FRANK  FRY. 

Jesse  Lewis  Fry  was  a  direct  descendant  (being  the  fifth  in 
line)  of  Colonel  Joshua  Fry  of  Viewmont,  Albemarle  County, 
Virginia,  who  was  appointed  Colonel  of  the  First  Continental 
Regiment,  with  Washington  as  his  Lieutenant,  and  won  distinc- 
tion in  the  French  and  Indian  War. 

He  (Jesse  L.  Fry)  was  the  son  of  J.  Frank  Fry  and  Mary  I. 
Barksdale,  and  was  born  June  20th,  1829.  He  died  December 
19th,  1901. 

Jesse  L.  Fry  served  through  the  war  as  a  private  in  the  Albe- 
marle Light  Horse  Cavalry,  Thirteenth  Regiment  Virginia  Vol- 
unteers, C.  S.  A.,  with  Captain  Eugene  Davis  in  command.  He 
was  a  devoted  and  loyal  Southerner,  ready  at  all  times  to  do  his 
duty  and  make  any  sacrifice  for  the  Confederacy  that  might  be 
necessary. 

At  the  close  of  the  war  he  assisted  his  father,  J.  Frank  Fry, 
then  Commissioner  of  Revenue,  in  his  office  until  the  latter's 
death,  at  which  time  he  was  elected  to  succeed  his  father,  hold- 


112  SKETCHES    OF  THE    DEAD 

ing  the  office  until  his  death  in  1901.  He  was  widely  known 
and  highly  respected  throughout  the  State,  no  county  officer  ever 
being  more  beloved  or  more  highly  honored  than  he. 

He  married  Miss  Frances  Dunkum  and  is  survived  by  five 
children :  Jesse  L.  Fry,  Harry  L.  Fry,  Miss  Frank  Fry,  Mrs. 
D.  W.  Fowler  of  Charlottesville,  and  Mrs.  W.  M.  Moore  of 
Kentucky. 

P.  W.  GARLAND. 

P.  W.  Garland  was  the  son  of  of  Goodrich  and  Mary  E.  Gar- 
land, and  lived  near  Ivy  Depot,  Virginia.  He  was  engaged  in 
farming,  and  entered  the  army  the  last  year  of  the  war.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  10th  Virginia  Cavalry! 


JOHN  O.  GARRISON. 

John  O.  Garrison  enlisted  May  the  10th,  1861,  in  Company 
K.  Nineteenth  Virginia  Infantry,  and  was  discharged  in  Decem- 
ber 1861,  but  reenlisted  in  Carrington's  Battery  of  Artillery, 
serving  with  that  company  until  the  close  of  the  war.  He  re- 
sided near  Charlottesville,  and  engaged  in  farming. 


HORACE  N.  GIANNINY. 

t 

Horace  N.  Gianniny  entered  the  army  as  a  member  of  Captian 
John  B.  Magruder's  Company,  Fifty  Seventh  Virginia  Infan- 
try, Armistead's  Brigade,  and  served  throughout  the  war — a 
faithful  adherent  of  the  Confederate  cause.  He  resided  near 
Pantop's  Acadamy,  and  was  a  worthy  citizen  of  his  community. 

GEORGE  W.  GILMER. 
BY  GEORGE  GILMER. 

George  W.  Gilmer  was  born  in  Albemarle  County,  Virginia, 
July  10th  1845.  He  was  a  son  of  George  Christopher  Gilmer 
and  nephew  of  Governor  Thomas  Walker  Gilmer  of  Virginia. 

He  enlisted  in  Company  C  of  Second  Virginia  Cavalry  of  the 


SKETCHES  OF  THE   DEAD  113 

Confederate  Army  at  Snicker's  Gap,  June  16th,  1863.  His 
first  engagement  was  a  skirmish  at  Rockville,  Maryland,  where 
the  Confederates  captured  one  hundred  fine  new  wagons  and 
teams  which  were  being  sent  to  General  Meade's  army.  A  lit- 
tle later  in  the  march  to  Gettysburg  his  horse  was  shot  from 
under  him  at  Westminister,  Maryland. 

At  Gettysburg  on  the  evening  of  the  third  day,  he  was  se- 
verely wounded  in  the  shoulder.  He  did  not  leave  the  field  at 
once.  About  twenty  minutes  later  another  bullet  struck  him  in 
the  head  and  put  out  one  of  his  eyes.  This  bullet  was  removed 
in  February,  1897. 

When  the  Confederates  retired,  he  was  taken  prisoner  and 
carried  to  David's  Island,  New  York.  Here  he  received  every 
attention  from  Southern  ladies  living  in  New  York  and  from 
the  hospital  surgeons.  After  being  in  prison  three  months  he 
was  exchanged  and  sent  home  with  the  sight  of  one  eye  gone 
and  his  right  shoulder  disabled.  Dr.  Simmons,  of  the  Northern 
Army,  accompanied  him  to  Norfolk,  Virginia,  when  he  was  ex- 
changed, and  personally  put  him  on  the  train  for  Richmond. 

At  the  time  George  W.  Gilmer  was  exchanged,  it  was  consid- 
ered that  he  was  permanently  disabled,  but  he  volunteered  again 
in  April,  1864,  as  a  courier  for  General  Wickham.  He  was 
in  the  battles  of  Spottsylvania  Courthouse,  Yellow  Tavern, 
and  many  others.  On  account  of  the  bullet  lodged  against  his 
brain,  the  heat  affected  his  head  so  that  he  again  had  to  leave 
the  army.  Early  in  1865  he  again  volunteered ;  this  time  under 
Colonel  J.  S.  Mosby,  and  was  with  him  when  the  war  ended. 

After  the  war  George  W.  Gilmer  was  a  prominent  and  suc- 
cessful farmer  in  his  native  county,  displaying  the  same  indomi- 
table will,  energy  and  courage  which  marked  his  career  as  a 
soldier.  In  1868  he  married  Miss  Frances  Brown.  In  1871 
he  bought  a  large  farm  on  the  James  River  near  Warren,  where 
he  spent  the  remainder  of  his  life.  On  August  13,  1918,  he  died 
after  a  life  of  usefulness  to  his  fellow  countrymen  as  a  soldier, 
farmer,  road  commissioner,  member  of  school  board  and  elder 
in  the  church.  He  is  survived  by  his  wife  Frances  H.  Gilmer, 
and  six  children :  Lena  Gilmer,  Margret  Cabell  Gilmer,  Ed- 
monia  Preston  Gilmer,  Ludwell  Harrison  Gilmer,  George  Wal- 
ker Gilmer  and  John  Harmer  Gilmer. 


114  SKETCHES    OF   THE    DEAD 

WILLIS  H.  GOOCH. 

Willis  H.  Gooch  resided  near  Keswick,  Virginia,  and  entered 
the  Confederate  army  as  a  private  in  Company  K,  Second  Vir- 
ginia Cavalry,  known  as  the  Albemarle  Light  Horse.  He  was 
distinguished  for  gallantry  and  soldierly  qualities.  He  was 
wounded  three  times  in  the  1864  compaigns.  After  the  war  he 
resided  at  his  home  in  Albemarle,  an  honored  and  esteemed  cit- 
izen. 


JOSEPH  GRIFFIN. 

Joseph  Griffin  resided  in  Maryland  at  the  beginning  of  the 
Confederate  war,  and  entered  the  service  as  a  member  of  the 
Maryland  Line.  He  was  afterwards  transferred  to  Colonel 
Mosby's  command,  where  he  did  fine  service  for  two  years,  un- 
til the  close  of  hostilities. 


C.  H.  GW ATKINS. 

C.  H.  Gwatkins  resided  in  Charlottesville,  Virginia.  He  en- 
listed as  a  private  in  Company  G,  Eleventh  Virginia  Infantry, 
and  served  four  years  in  the  Confederate  army.  After  the  war 
he  held  the  office  of  tax  collector.  He  was  highly  esteemed  as 
a  man  and  citizen. 


R.  W.  HALL. 

R.  W.  Hall  enlisted  in  June,  1862,  as  a  private  in  Company 
D,  Fifth  Virginia  Cavalry,  and  served  three  years  in  the  Con- 
federate army.  He  resided  in  Charlottesville,  where  he  was 
engaged  in  the  livery  business.  He  was  highly  esteemed  as  a 
man  and  a  worthy  citizen. 


SKETCHES    OF  THE   DEAD  115 

LOUIS  TRAPMAN  HANCKEL. 
BY  Louis  T.  HANCKEL,  JR. 

Louis  Trapman  Hanckel  was  born  in  Charleston,  South  Car- 
olina, on  June  3rd,  1847.  He  was  the  second  son  of  James 
Stuart  Hanckel,  D.  D.,  and  Fannie  Trapman  Hanckel,  his  wife. 

During  the  war  his  father  and  mother  moved  to  Spartan- 
burg,  South  Carolina.  In  June  1863,  he  enlisted  in  Company 
B,  Ballinger's  Battalion,  Blanchard's  Division,  on  the  South 
Carolina  coast;  was  wounded  at  Comlahee  Ferry,  in  January 
1865,  and  was  captured  and  held  a  prisoner  until  after  the  war. 
His  oldest  brother,  James  Stuart  Hanckel,  was  also  in  the  serv- 
ice and  was  killed  at  Sharpsburg,  Maryland,  a  member  of  the 
Second  South  Carolina  Infantry. 

In  1869,  his  father,  the  Rev.  James  Stuart  Hanckel,  D.  D., 
came  to  the  Rectorship  of  Christ  Episcopal  Church  of  Char- 
lottesville, Virginia,  and  Louis  Trapman  Hanckel  entered  the 
University  of  Virginia  the  same  year.  There  he  studied  law 
under  Professors  Minor  and  Southall.  In  1870  he  was  admitted 
to  the  Bar  of  Albemarle  County  and  Charlottesville,  and  began 
the  practice  of  law  with  Colonel  R.  T.  W.  Duke  and  James  D. 
Jones,  under  the  firm  name  of  Duke,  Jones  &  Hanckel.  contin- 
uing therein  until  1875.  In  1882  he  and  Judge  George  Watts 
Morris  became  associated  as  Hanckel  &  Morris,  a  copartnership 
which  continued  until  Judge  Morris  went  upon  the  bench  as 
Judge  of  the  Corporation  Court  of  Charlottesville.  After  that 
he  associated  with  him  his  son,  Louis  T.  Hanckel,  Jr.,  in  the 
practice  of  law,  which  partnership  continued  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  on  July  21st,  1914.  In  addition  to  the  practice 
of  law,  he,  in  partnership  with  his  eldest  son,  James  Stuart 
Hanckel,  conducted  a  fire  insurance  business,  perhaps  the  larg- 
est in  this  section.  He  was  buried  in  Maplewood  Cemetery. 

GEORGE  W.  HARLOW. 

George^,  W.  Harlow  resided  near  Keswick,  Virginia,  where 
he  engaged  in  farming.  He  enlisted  July  1st,  1861,  in  South- 
all's  Battery  of  Artillery,  and  served  during  the  war. 


116  SKETCHES    OF   THE    DEAD 

ALBERT  L.  HOLLADAY. 
BY  WM.  W.  MINOR. 

Albert  L.  Holladay  was  the  third  son  of  Reverend  Albert  L. 
Holladay  and  Anne  Minor,  his  wife.  He  was  born  February 
17th,  1844,  in  Persia,  where  his  father  was  a  missionary  of  the 
Southern  Presbyterian  Church  for  ten  years.  He  was  edu- 
cated in  private  schools  in  Albemarle  County,  and  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Virginia,  and  was  an  excellent  student  and  good 
scholar.  At  the  age  of  eighteen  he  volunteered  as  a  private  in 
the  Albemarle  Artillery,  commanded  by  Captain  James  McDow- 
ell Carrington,  and  served  gallantly  and  faithfully-  in  this  com- 
pany, participating  in  most  of  the  great  battles  of  the  Army  of 
Northern  Virginia,  until  he  was  taken  prisoner,  along  with  most 
of  his  company,  at  the  ''Bloody  Angle"  in  the  battle  of  Spottsyl- 
vania  Courthouse,  May  12th,  1864.  He  was  taken  to  Fort 
Dickerson  and  held  a  prisoner  there  until  the  summer  of  1865, 
when  he  was  released  and  returned  to  his  home  near  Charlottes- 
ville.  He  entered  the  University  of  Virginia  in  October,  1865, 
as  an  academic  student. 

Having  very  small  means,  he  was  unable  to  pursue  his  Uni- 
versity course  consecutively,  and  taught  school  at  Oxford,  Miss- 
issippi and  other  places  in  order  to  pay  his  way  through  college 
and  help  his  widowed  mother  and  younger  brother  and  sister. 
At  a  very  early  age  he  joined  the  Presbyterian  Church  of  Char- 
lottesville,  and  was  soon  chosen  an  elder  and  proved  a  most  ac- 
tive and  useful  officer. 

About  1872  he  removed  to  the  home  of  his  uncle,  Dabney 
Minor,  near  Eastham,  Virginia,  and  aided  him  most  effectively 
in  the  management  of  the  farm.  In  1875  he  was  happily  mar- 
ried to  Miss  Nanny  W.  Eastham,  a  most  faithful  and  helpful 
wife.  He  continued  to  live  on  this  farm  with  her  and  their 
only  son,  William  D.  Holladay,  till  his  death,  February  1st. 
1918,  making  a  specialty  of  grape  culture,  in  which  he  achieved 
great  success. 

Mr.  Holladay  was  a  man  of  great  intelligence,  sterling  char- 
acter, and  untiring  industry,  a  most  devoted,  consistent  Chris- 
tian, and  useful  elder,  first  in  Charlottesville  and  afterwards  in 


SKETCHES   OF  THE   DEAD  117 

Bethel  Church.  In  the  latter  he  served  most  acceptably  for 
nearly  thirty  years  till  his  death.  A  gallant  Confederate  sol- 
dier, a  loving  husband  and  father,  a  most  faithful  friend  and 
kind  neighbor,  and  singularly  unselfish,  his  influence  for  good 
included  his  entire  community,  in  which  he  was  universally  be- 
loved and  respected.  His  .loss  is  still  most  deeply  felt. 


JAMES  M.  HOLLADAY. 

James  M.  Holladay,  second  son  of  Rev.  and  Mrs.  Albert  L. 
Holladay,  was  born  in  Persia,  where  his  parents  were  mission- 
aries of  the  Southern  Presbyterian  Church,  in  1842.  He  en- 
tered the  Confederate  army  as  a  private  in  the  spring  of  1861, 
and  died  of  disease  in  camp  the  following  summer  or  fall.  He 
was  a  faithful  soldier  and  humble  Christian. 


JOHN  STEPHENS  HOPKINS. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch,  the  son  of  Rev.  John  Stephen,  and 
Sarah  Wingfield  Hopkins,  was  born  in  Albemarle  County,  Vir- 
ginia, November  5th,  1843. 

After  his  mother's  death,  when  he  was  only  nine  years  old,  he 
went  to  live  with  his  uncle,  the  late  Richard  W.  Wingfield. 

Reared  in  a  Christian  home,  he  had  a  solid  foundation  laid 
upon  which  he  stood  all  his  life. 

At  the  outbreak  of  hostilities  between  the  states  he  enlisted  in 
the  "Albemarle  Light  Horse,"  Company  K,  Second  Virginia 
Regiment,  and  was  with  his  company  in  practically  every  en- 
gagement up  to  .the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  where  he  was  captured 
and"  sent  a  prisoner  to  Point  Lookout,  Maryland.  He  was  a 
prisoner  there  eighteen  months. 

After  being  exchanged  he  went  home  in  a  very  run-down 
condition,  but  returned  to  his  colors,  after  gaining  a  little 
strength,  and  remained  until  the  close  of  the  war.  Men  and 
horses  were  shot  down  all  around  him  but  he  escaped  without  a 
scratch. 

On  April  15th,  1869,  he  married  Miss  Sarah  Francis  Parrott, 


118  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

daughter  of  William  T.,  and  Francis  Thompson  Parrott,  of 
Free  Union,  Virginia. 

His  children  are:  Chas.  B.,  John  Wm.,  Edward  P.  and  Mrs. 
S.  F.  Nuttycombe.  Two  brothers,  Joseph  Jackson  and  Wil- 
liam, preceded  him  to  the  grave.  Two  living  sisters,  Mrs.  J.  D. 
Bowles  of  Crozet,  and  Mrs.  Lew  Bryant  of  Fabers,  Virginia, 
also  survive  him. 

One  of  his  chief  thoughts  was  the  care  of  the  old  Confederate 
veterans  and  their  widows. 

He  was  very  active  in  getting  the  special  levy  in  Albemarle 
for  the  benefit  of  the  Confederate  soldiers  and  widows.  In 
1897  he  was  elected  Superintendent  of  the  Albemarle  County 
Home,  a  position  he  filled  until  his  death,  looking  after  the  fee- 
ble inmates  with  the  tenderest  care.  Every  old  Confederate  in- 
mate was  his  brother  and  comrade. 

He  died  January  14th,  1916,  leaving  to  his  loved  ones  that 
best  of  all  legacies,  the  heritage  of  a  noble  character. 

He  was  laid  to  rest  in  Riverview  Cemetery  with  the  last  rites 
of  the  Masonic  order,  of  which  he  was  a  member.  A  Confed- 
erate cross  honors  his  grave. 


EDWARD  THOMAS  JESSUP. 
BY  MARGARET  B.  JESSUP. 

Pell  Jessup,  a  young  man  interested  in  agriculture,  came  to 
the  Valley  of  Virginia  from  Long  Island  and  settled  in  Rock- 
bridge  County  near  Lexington. 

There  were  six  children.  Edward,  the  eldest,  was  born  May 
24th,  1844.  Early  education  was  by  hired  teachers  in  the  home 
community,  and  later  in  Lexington  under  the  Rev.  F.  M.  Ed- 
wards, from  whose  school  he  withdrew  at  seventeen  years  of 
age,  to  enlist  as  one  of  the  thirty  who  left  on  July  19th,  1861, 
by  wagon  for  Staunton.  the  nearest  railroad  station,  from 
whence  they  expected  to  go  to  Harper's  Ferry  for  training. 
But  the  demand  for  men  was  so  great  that  these  boys  were  hur- 
rie  to  Manassas  to  join  the  Rockbridge  Rifles  who  had  left  Lex- 
ington under  Major  T.  J.  Jackson  on  April  18th,  1861.  They 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  119 

were  designated  as  Company  H,  Twenty-seventh  Virginia  In- 
fantry, First  Virginia  Brigade.  Arriving  on  the  eve  of  battle, 
they  were  in  time  to  witness  some  of  the  horrors  of  war  while 
awaiting  equipment.  Torn  and  mangled  bodies  were  scattered 
over  the  bloody  field,  and  piles  of  newly-amputated  arms  and 
legs  were  thrown  from  the  windows  of  the  hospitals.  They 
heard  the  boom  of  cannon,  the  din  of  battle,  and  saw  on  the 
face  of  stalwart  men  care,  anxiety,  hope  and  fear  "for  their 
beloved  South.  But  not  one  of  these  boys  felt  a  desire  to  back 
out  and  return  home.  There  was  only  an  anxiety  to  become 
equipped,  to  make  one  more  to  help  oppose  the  enemy. 

As  a  member  of  the  above  mentioned  company,  Edward 
Thomas  Jessup  participated  in  the  battles  of  Kernstown,  first 
Winchester,  second  Winchester,  Port  Republic,  Malvern  Hill 
and  Cold  Harbor.  At  Cedar  Mountain  he  was  knocked  out  by 
a  piece  of  shell,  but  was  at  Second  Manassas,  then  at  Freder- 
icksburg,  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  and  others. 

Made  lame  by  a  piece  of  bursting  shell,  he  was  captured  and 
taken  prisoner,  and  at  the  close  of  the  war  he  was  still  confined 
at  Fort  Delaware. 

In  1874,  he  married  Louisa  Anna  Mallory  of  Orange  County, 
and  lived  in  Staunton  until  1897,  when  he  removed  with  his 
family  to  Charlottesville,  where  he  became  associated  with  the 
John  Bowie  Strange  Camp  of  United  Confederate  Veterans. 

Edward  Thomas  Jessup  died  on  the  7th  day  of  August, 
1917,  beloved  by  his  wife  and  children  and  highly  respected  in 
the  community  in  which  he  lived. 


GEORGE  THOMAS  JOHNSON. 

George  Thomas  Johnson  was  a  member  of  the  .Monticello 
Guard  and  was  with  that  company  when  ordered  out  in  1861. 
He  served  all  through  the  war  until  he  was  taken  prisoner  at 
the  battle  of  Gettysburg.  He  was  carried  first  to  Fort  Dela- 
ware and  then  to  Point  Lookout.  He  was  in  prison  twenty- 
one  months,  bare-footed  on  an  earth  floor. 


120  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

MARCELLUS  JOHNSON. 

Marcellus  Johnson,  at  the  age  of  twenty  years,  entered  the 
Confederate  army  as  a  private  in  Company  B,  Nineteenth  Vir- 
ginia Infantry,  serving  nearly  three  years.  He  resided  in  Char- 
lottesville  where  he  was  a  tinner. 

THOMAS  SCOTT  JONES. 
BY  W.  W.  SCOTT,  STATE  LIBRARIAN. 

Thomas  Scott  Jones  was  born  at  "Beaumont,"  Orange 
County,  May  9th,  1847,  and  died  at  his  home  near  the  Univer- 
sity of  Virginia,  November  17th,  1918. 

He  married  Miss  Lillie  Coleman  May  4th,  1869,  who  survives 
him,  as  do,  also,  four  sons  and  five  daughters,  as  follows :  Dr. 
William  Russell  Jones,  of  Richmond,  James  Lawrence  Jones, 
Thomas  Edward  Jones,  John  Bochet  Jones,  Mary  Scott,  Mrs. 
Spotswood  H.  Parker,  Mrs.  Wm.  H.  Campbell,  Lily  Carey,  and 
Irene  Ingraham. 

He  was  a  son  of  Dr.  James  L.  Jones,  a  beloved  physician  and 
zealous  advocate  of  the  temperance  movements  of  his  time ; 
a  nephew  of  John  Marshall  Jones,  officer  of  the  regular  army 
who  resigned  at  the  beginning  of  the  war,  and  who  attained  the 
rank  of  Brigadier  General  in  the  Confederacy,  and  was  killed 
in  the  battle  of  Mine  Run,  Virginia. 

Tom  Jones  was  beloved  of  many  friends.  He  was  of  a  singu- 
larly kind  and  amiable  disposition,  and  of  very  gentle  and  at- 
tractive manners. 

He  joined  the  Richmond  Howitzers  while  still  quite  young, 
and  served  with  praiseworthy  courage  and  fidelity  to  Appo- 
mattox. 

He  was  a  brave  soldier,  a  virtuous  citizen,  and  a  consistent 
and  earnest  Christian.  The  end  of  such  a  life  is  peace. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  121 

W.  T.  JONES. 

W.  T.  Jones  entered  the  Confederate  army  as  a  member  of 
Company  A,  Nineteenth  Virginia  Infantry.  He  was  in  active 
service  until  the  battle  of  Williamsburg,  where  he  was  severely 
wounded  and  taken  prisoner.  After  six  months  imprisonment 
he  was  discharged  from  active  service.  His  brother,  James  R. 
Jones,  was  killed  in  the  battle  of  Seven  Pines.  W.  T.  Jones 
was  elected  paymaster  of  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp  and  was 
an  active  member  until  his  death.  He  was  the  first  City  Treas- 
urer of  Charlottesville,  a  valuable  citizen  and  prominent  in 
church  work. 

WILBER  J.  KEBLINGER. 

Wilber  J.  Keblinger  was  the  son  of  Postmaster  Keblinger  of 
Charlottesville,  and  enlisted  in  Company  B,  Nineteenth  Virginia 
Infantry,  in  1863.  He  was  wounded  at  Gettysburg  and  was  a 
brave  and  fearless  soldier,  continuing  in  the  service  until  the 
close  of  the  war. 

WARNER  R.  KENT. 

Warner  R.  Kent  enlisted  April  21,  1861,  in  the  Fourth  Bat- 
talion of  Georgia  Infantry  as  Major.  He  was  born  in  Flu- 
vanna  County,  Virginia,  but  moved  to  Charlottesville  after  the 
war  and  engaged  in  merchandising. 


J.  W.  KING. 

J.  W.  King  served  during  the  war  as  a  bugler  in  Massie's 
Battery  of  Artillery  from  Fluvanna  County.  He  was  a  fine  sol- 
dier and  delighted  to  recall  incidents  of  the  battles  in  which  he 
participated  during  the  war. 


122  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

WILLIAM  LANKFORD. 

William  Lank  ford  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  Army  in  May, 
1861,  as  a  private  in  Company  F,  Nineteenth  Virginia  Infantry, 
serving  four  years.  He  resided  near  Carter's  Bridge,  in  Albe- 
marle  County,  where  he  followed  the  occupation  of  farming. 

W.  H.  LEATHERS. 

W.  H.  Leathers  enlisted  in  Company  C,  Nineteenth  Virginia 
Infantry,  at  the  beginning  of  the  war.  He  participated  in  the 
First  Manassas,  and  in  that  and  many  other  engagements  he 
developed  the  true  qualities  of  a  soldier.  He  was  a  son  of  Jon- 
athan and  Kitty  Ann  Leathers.  He  had  two  brothers — James 
A.  of  the  Nineteenth  Virginia  Infantry,  and  John  P.  Leathers, 
of  the  Rockbridge  Artillery,  both  of  whom  were  noted  for  con- 
spicuous gallantry. 

J.  T.  MADISON. 

J.  T.  Madison  enlisted  in  Company  F,  Thirty-fifth  Battalion 
of  Cavalry,  in  April,  1861.  He  served  four  years  in  the  Con- 
federate army.  He  resided  in  Charlottesville  after  the  war 
until  his  death. 

HENRY  CLAY  MARCHANT. 
BY  HENRY  CLAY  MICHIE. 

Henry  Clay  Marchant  was  born  in  Albemarle  County,  Vir- 
ginia, on  the  1st  day  of  April,  1838.  At  the  age  of  seventeen 
he  went  to  Petersburg,  Virginia,  and  engaged  in  the  merchan- 
tile  business,  which  he  continued  until  the  war  broke  out  in 
1861.  He  enlisted  in  April,  1861,  in  Company  A,  12th  Regi- 
ment Virginia  Volunteer  Infantry,  and  served  nobly  until  des- 
perately wounded  and  disabled  for  active  service  in  the  field, 
in  the  latter  part  of  June,  1862,  in  the  Seven  Days  Battle  around 
Richmond.  Returning  to  »his  native  county  after  the  close  of 
the  war,  he  became  an  active  participant  in  its  industrial,  educa- 


SKETCHES  Of  THE  DEAD  123 

tional,  charitable  and  religious  life.  For  over  forty  years  he 
was  a  vestryman  of  Christ  Church,  Charlottesville,  and  its  sen- 
ior warden  at  the  time  of  his  death,  October  10th,  1910,  which 
ocurred  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  while  attending  the  General  Con- 
vention of  the  Episcopal  Church  as  a  Delegate  from  Christ 
Church,  Charlottesville.  It  was  the  privilege  of  the  writer  to 
know  comrade  Marchant,  to  serve  long  with  him  as  a  vestry- 
man, and  as  a  member  of  the  County  Pension  Board,  and  he  can 
testify  to  his  unflinching  devotion  in  the  discharge  of  all  du- 
ties confided  to  him. 

JOHN  G.  MARTIN. 

John  G.  Martin  enlisted  in  Company  K,  Nineteenth  Vir- 
ginia Infantry,  April,  1861,  and  served  with  marked  distinction 
for  two  years.  He  was  wounded  at  Boonsboro,  South  Moun- 
tain, Maryland,  captured,  and  was  a  prisoner  at  Frederick, 
Maryland,  for  thirteen  months.  He  served  the  county  of  Al- 
bemarle  as  deputy  sheriff  and  jailor  faithfully,  and  was  a  use- 
ful and  highly  esteemed  citizen. 

J.  W.  MARTIN. 

J.  \V.  Martin  enlisted  in  May,  1861,  at  the  age  of  thirty-six 
years,  as  a  corporal  in  Company  K,  Nineteenth  Virginia  In- 
fantry, and  served  throughout  the  war.  He  lived  near  Green- 
wood, Virginia,  and  engaged  in  merchandising. 

THOMAS  STAPLES  MARTIN.* 
BY  JUDGE  R.  T.  W.  DUKE,  JR. 

Thomas  Staples  Martin  was  born  in  Scottsville,  Albemarle 
County,  July  29th,  1847,  and  has  resided  during  his  life  in  that 
county.  He  attended  private  schools  until  March  1st,  1864, 
when  he  entered  the  Virginia  Military  Institute,  at  which  insti- 
tution he  remained  until  April  9th,  1865.  in  the  Cadet  Corps. 
A  considerable  part  of  this  time  he  spent  in  the  military  serv- 


Editor's  Note:    Senator  Martin  died  at  the   University  of  Virginia 
Hospital,    November   12,   1919,   after  this    sketch   was   written. 


124  SKETCHES  CflF  THE  DEAD 

ice  of  the  Confederate  States  with  the  battalion  of  cadets,  and 
was  in  Richmond  with  that  battalion  engaged  in  the  guarding 
of  prisoners  during  the  summer  of  1864.  Just  before  the  sur- 
render of  General  Lee  young  Martin  attempted  to  enter  the 
regular  Confederate  Army,  but  the  surrender  occurred  before 
he  was  able  to  attain  his  purpose.  In  October,  1865,  he  en- 
tered the  University  of  Virginia  and  was  in  the  academic  de- 
partment of  that  institution  for  two  years. 

Soon  after  leaving  the  University  of  Virginia  he  commenced 
the  study  of  law  by  a  course  of  private  reading  at  home,  and 
was  licensed  to  practice  in  the  fall  of  1869.  Very  soon  after 
his  qualification  at  the  bar  he  began  an  extensive  and  lucrative 
practice,  and  it  was  not  many  years  before  he  became  recog- 
nized as  a  lawyer  of  the  highest  integrity,  ability  and  learning. 
He  took  an  active  part  hi  behalf  of  the  Democratic  party  of  his 
native  Commonwealth  and  did  much  to  lead  that  party  to  vie- 
tory  in  die  hard  fought  fights  against  the  Republicans.  He  was 
appointed  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Visitors  of  the  Miller 
Manual  Labor  School  of  Albemarle  County,  which  position  he 
still  holds,  and  he  was  lor  one  term  a  member  of  the  Board  of 
Visitors  of  the  University  of  Virginia.  He  never  sought  po- 
litical office  or  preferment  until  in  December,  1893,  he  was 
elected  United  States  Senator  from  Virginia  for  the  term  com- 
mencing: March  4th,  1895.  He  was  re-elected  in  1899,  1905, 
1911  and  1917.  His  election  the  last  time  was  without  opposi- 
tion. 

Senator  Martin  hi  a  very  short  while  took  a  commanding  po- 
sition, and  upon  the  Democrats  obtaining  control  of  the  Sen- 
ate, was  appointed  Chairman  of  the  important  Committee  on 
Appropriations,  and  has  for  a  number  of  years  been  the  Demo- 
cratic leader  m  that  body.  He  has  always  been  noted  as  a  man 
amongst  men;  a  born  leader,  quiet  and  unostentatious,  but  a 
forceful  speaker  and  able  statesmen.  He  has  brought  back  his 
native  State  to  the  position  it  formerly  held  in  the  Senate  and 
he  is  regarded  and  respected  as  one  of  the  ablest  members  of 
that  great  body.  He  is  no  less  noted  for  the  warmth  of  his 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  125 

friendship  and  the  devotion  of  his  friends,  and  Virginia  is 
proud  of  the  man  who  now  for  over  twenty-six  years  has  so 
ably  represented  her  in  the  great  council  of  the  Xation. 


NATHANIEL  C.  McGEE. 

Xathaniel  C.  McGee,  son  of  Edward  H.  McGee,  was  born  in 
Hanover  County.  Virginia,  February  2nd,  1838.  He  came  to 
Albemarle  County  in  1859,  and  in  1861  enlisted  in  the  Albe- 
marle  Light  Horse  Cavalry,  afterwards  known  as  Company  K, 
Second  Cavalry.  During  the  greater  part  of  the  struggle  he 
acted  as  one  of  the  special  couriers  of  General  Munford,  who 
frequently  spoke  of  him  as  one  of  his  most  courageous  and  in- 
trepid men.  He  was  slightly  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Five 
Forks  and  again  very  severely  about  two  weeks  before  the  sur- 
render at  Appomattox  Courthouse. 

After  the  war  he  returned  to  his  home  at  Ivy.  In  1867  he 
married  Miss  Mary  M.  Lobban.  For  a  number  of  years  he 
served  as  Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Supervisors  of  Albemarle. 
In  1904  he  was  elected  Treasurer  of  the  Count}-  and  moved  his 
family  to  Charlottesville,  where  he  resided  until  the  date  of 
his  death,  May  llth,  1919. 

Such  is  the  brief  record  of  a  singularly  fine  life.  Whether 
as  citizen,  soldier  or  public  official,  he  exemplified  the  finest  traits 
of  honor,  integrity  and  exalted  faithfulness.  His  very  name 
stood  as  a  synonym  for  fair  dealing  and  high  courage.  His 
word  was  indeed  as  good  as  his  bond,  and  those  nearest  to  him 
in  public  and  private  life  felt  that  his  friendship  was  as  minium11 
as  the  Rock  of  Gibraltar. 

The  same  stamina  and  faithfulness  that  carried  him  with 
honor  through  the  Civil  War,  carried  him  with  equal  honor  and 
success  through  the  political  period  of  his  life.  His  friends  felt 
that  his  record,  was  as  clean  as  his  heart,  and  that  both  were  far 
beyond  the  reach  of  petty  and  unjust  criticism.  As  County 
Treasurer  of  Albemarle  for  sixteen  years,  he  exemplified  every 
virtue  of  exalted  public  sen-ice. 

His  private  life  was  beautiful  in  its  devotion  and  stainless 


126  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

purity.  His  passing  has  left  a  sad  spot  in  the  hearts  of  hun- 
dreds of  friends  and  an  unhealing  wound  in  the  hearts  of  those 
nearest  and  dearest  to  him.  His  county  and  state  are  richer  for 
his  service;  both  are  poorer  for  his  leaving. 


JOHN  McKINNEY. 

John  McKinney  came  to  Charlottesville,  Virginia,  from  Ire- 
land, and  at  the  beginning  of  the  Civil  War  joined  Company 
A,  Nineteenth  Virginia  Infantry.  He  was  a  good  soldier,  and 
an  active  member  of  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp.  After  the 
war  he  engaged  in  the  mercantile  business,  and  resided  in  Char- 
lottesville, where  he  died. 


HENRY  BOWYER  MICH  IE. 
BY  T.  J.  MICHIE. 

Henry  Bowyer  Michie  was  born  in  Staunton,  February  12th, 
1839,  and  married  Virginia  Bedinger  in  Loudoun  County  on 
the  3rd  day  of  October,  1866.  He  was  a  son  of  Thomas  John- 
son Michie,  a  very  prominent  lawyer  of  Staunton,  and  of  Mar- 
garet Garber  his  wife.  When  the  war  broke  out  he  at  once  en- 
tered the  Confederate  army  and  served  until  the  end,  first  in  the 
Staunton  Artillery,  Imboden's  Battery,  and  at  the  last  in  the 
Clark  County  Cavalry.  After  Lee's  surrender  he,  with  one  or 
two  other  Staunton  young  men,  attempted  to  make  their  way 
south  to  join  Kirby  Smith,  but  had  not  gone  far  on  their  jour- 
ney before  they  heard  of  the  surrender  of  that  General.  He 
took  part  in  all  the  great  battles  in  Virginia,  Maryland  and 
Pennsylvania,  but  was  wounded  only  once  and  then  but  slightly. 

Henry  Bowyer  Michie,  after  the  war,  studied  law  at  Washing- 
ton and  Lee  University  and  became  the  partner  of  his  father, 
Thomas  Johnson  Michie,  in  Staunton.  His  health,  much  im- 
paired by  his  service  in  the  army,  broke  down  entirely  in  1878 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  127 

and  he  was  forced  to  retire  from  the  practice  of  law  to  his  farm 
in  Loudoun  County,  where  he  dwelt  with  his  family  until  Sep- 
tember, 1883,  when  he  removed  to  Charlottesville,  Virginia, 
having  purchased  the  "Charlottesville  Chronicle,"  which  paper 
he  edited  until  his  death,  March  15th,  1895.  Upon  taking  up 
his  residence  in  Charlottesville  he  became  a  member  of  John 
Bowie  Strange  Camp  of  Confederate  Veterans. 

Henry  Bowyer  Michie  was  a  man  of  brilliant  ability  and  of  a 
strong  literary  bent — an  interesting  talker  and  very  deeply  read. 
He  is  survived  by  his  widow,  Virginia  Bedinger  Michie,  and 
his  three  sons,  Thomas  Johnson  Michie,  George  Rust  Bedinger 
Michie  and  Armistead  Rust  Michie,  all  residents  of  Charlottes- 
ville. 

ORIN  MICHIE. 
BY  CAPTAIN  HENRY  CLAY  MICHIE. 

Orin  Michie  was  born  in  1839  in  Albemarle  County,  Virginia. 
He  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  Service  in  Company  H,  Fifty- 
sixth  Regiment,  Virginia  Volunteer  Infantry,  in  May,  1861,  and 
served  through  the  campaigns  of  1861-'62-'63  up  to  and  in- 
cluding the  Battle  of  Gettysburg.  He  was  in  the  charge  of  Pick- 
ett's  Division  and  was  mortally  wounded  while  serving  as  color 
corporal  of  the  Regiment.  He  had  previously  served  in  the 
battles  of  Fort  Donelson,  July  1862,  Gaines  Mill,  June  27th, 
1862,  Fraziers  Farm,  June  30th,  1862,  Manassas,  August  29th 
and  30th,  1862,  and  Boonsboro,  Maryland,  September  14th, 
1862.  In  this  last  named  battle  he  was  dangerously  wounded 
and  taken  prisoner.  Orin  Michie  was  as  gentle  as  a  woman  and 
as  faithful  a  soldier  as  any  who  served  the  Confederacy. 


GEORGE  R.   MINOR. 
BY  W.  W.  MINOR. 

George  R.  Minor,  son  of  Hugh  Minor  and  Mary  Ann  Carr, 
his  wife,  was  born  at  the  family  home,  "Ridgeway,"  Albemarle 
County,  March  4th,  1839,  and  died  November  10th,  1913,  on 


128  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

his  farm  near  Eastham,  Virginia.  He  was  educated  at  "Ridge- 
way  School"  under  Franklin  Minor.  He  taught  school  for  sev- 
eral years  and  then  helped  his  Uncle  Franklin  on  his  farm  un- 
til late  in  1860. 

He  volunteered  as  a  private  in  the  Albemarle  Light  Horse, 
Captain  Eugene  Davis  commanding,  afterwards  known  as  Com- 
pany K,  Second  Virginia  Cavalry,  Wickham's  Brigade,  Fitz- 
hugh  Lee's  Division,  Army  of  Northern  Virginia.  He  was  a 
gallant  and  faithful  soldier,  participating  with  his  command  in 
all  of  its  battles  until  the  close  of  the  war.  In  April,  1865,  he 
was  married  to  Miss  Sally  M.  Carr,  daughter  of  Major  James 
L.  Carr,  C.  S.  A.,  of  Charleston,  West  Virginia.  He  settled  on 
his  father's  farm  near  Eastham  with  his  most  estimable  wife, 
and  reared  a  large  family  of  fine  children.  He  was  a  man  of 
fine  sense,  unswerving  integrity,  a  warm  friend,  and  kind  neigh- 
bor. He  was  a  member  of  the  Bethel  Presbyterian  Church 
from  his  thirteenth  year,  and  was  a  useful  and  active  officer  of 
that  church  for  more  than  forty  years,  serving  until  his  death. 
He  took  an  active  interest  in  the  public  questions  of  his  day  and 
was  noted  for  his  fearless  honesty  and  detestation  of  all  that 
was  not  straightforward  and  honorable.  He  was  genuinely 
hospitable  and  had  much  genial  humor. 


JAMES  P.  MOON. 

James  P.  Moon  entered  the  war  in  Captain  Cole's  Company,  a 
part  of  the  Wise  Legion.  He  was  captured  at  Roanoke  Island. 
Later  he  exchanged,  and  his  company  reorganized  as  Company 
I,  Forty-sixth  Virginia,  Wise's  Brigade.  He  participated  in  all 
the  battles  around  Petersburg,  the  Crater,  Hatcher's  Run,  and 
other  engagements,  and  surrendered  at  Appomattox. 


THOMAS  CLARK  MORRIS. 
BY  MRS.  FLORENCE  HULL. 

Thomas  Clark  Morris,  son  of  Samuel  F.  and  Mary  Richard- 
son Morris,  was  born  near  Union  Mills,  Fluvanna  County,  Vir- 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  129 

ginia,  October  2nd,  1836.  When  old  enough  he  engaged  in  farm- 
ing until  about  twenty-five  years  old,  at  which  age  he  entered  the 
Confederate  service. 

In  November,  1867,  he  married  Miss  Rena  C.  Payne,  of  "Lin- 
den Hill,"  Fluvanna  County,  who  survives  him.  He  also  leaves 
a  daughter,  Mrs.  Florence  M.  Hull,  and  a  son,  Mr.  Russell  C. 
Morris  of  Washington,  D.  C. 

After  the  war  Mr.  Morris  went  into  the  mercantile  business 
with  Mr.  Magruder,  and  pursued  this  line  of  work  most  of  his 
life.  He  was  book-keeper  for  Mr.  R.  P.  Valentine  in  Charlottes- 
ville  for  some  time,  but  later  an  accident  having  robbed  him  of 
an  eye,  he  then  went  to  work  for  the  Charlottesville  &  Albemarle 
Railway  Company,  in  whose  employ  he  remained  until  unable 
to  work. 

During  the  Civil  War  Mr.  Morris  served  as  a  gallant  officer 
in  Company  C,  Fourteenth  Virginia  Infantry,  C.  S.  A.,  of 
which  Colonel  Robert  Poore  was  commander.  He  was  noted 
for  his  bravery.  He  took  part  in  nearly  all  the  important  bat- 
tles of  the  war,  including  that  of  Pickett's  Charge  at  Gettys- 
burg, where  he  was  captured,  with  Captain  Henry  Clay  Michie 
and  Captain  Bragg,  and  sent  to  Johnson's  Island,  where  he 
served  twenty-one  months  as  a  prisoner.  Mr.  Morris  had  un- 
tiring energy,  and  although  a  great  sufferer  from  an  incurable 
disease,  he  remained  active  until  a  few  months  before  death. 
When  the  summer  sun  was  setting  behind  the  hills  of  Albe- 
marle, July  28th,  1917,  the  spirit  of  Thomas  Clark  Morris,  Con- 
federate Veteran  and  good  American,  passed  on  into  the  great 
unknown.  The  funeral  services  were  held  at  the  residence  of 
his  daughter,  Mrs.  Hull,  on  North  Park  Street,  the  Rev.  J.  K. 
Joliff,  D.  D.,  of  the  first  Methodist  Church,  officiating.  The  in- 
terment was  at  Maplewood  Cemetery,  where  the  procession 
was  met  by  a  delegation  from  the  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp 
of  Confederate  Veterans.  After  the  body,  clothed  in  its  uni- 
form of  gray,  had  been  consigned  to  its  last  resting  place,  and 
the  grave  covered  with  flowers,  Major  C.  M.  Bolton,  in  behalf 
of  the  Camp,  stepped  forward  and  affectionately  spread  the 
colors  of  the  Confederacy  upon  his  resting  place  as  their  last 
fond  remembrance  to  their  old  comrade  in  arms. 


130  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

RICHARD  A.  MUNDIE 

Richard  A.  Mundie  was  born  in  Essex  County,  Virginia.  He 
entered  the  Confederate  army  when  quite  young,  and  served 
the  Confederate  cause  with  fidelity  and  devotion.  He  moved 
to  Charlottesville  after  the  war,  engaging  in  the  mercantile 
business,  and  was  highly  esteemed.  He  died  July  24th,  1915. 

HUGH  THOMAS  NELSON,  M.  D. 
BY  HUGH  THOMAS  NELSON,  JR. 

Hugh  Thomas  Nelson,  a  distinguished  physician  of  Virginia, 
was  privileged  as  a  youth  to  be  -prominently  associated  with  the 
great  war  for  Southern  independence.  He  was  born  at  Clover- 
field,  Albemarle  County,  Virginia,  in  1845,  the  son  of  Robert 
W.  and  Virginia  L.  Nelson,  and  entered  the  military'  service  in 
July,  1862,  just  after  the  successful  campaign  before  Richmond. 
He  was  first  a  private  in  the  Morris'  Artillery  of  Hanover 
County  but  was  subsequently  on  detached  duty  at  the  headquar- 
ters of  the  chief  of  artillery  through  the  campaigns  in  Virginia, 
Maryland  and  Pennsylvania,  until  the  capture  of  his  battery  at 
the  "bloody  angle''  near  Spottsylvania  Court  House.  He  was 
then  transferred  to  troop  F,  Fourth  Regiment  of  Cavalry,  Fitz- 
hugh  Lee's  Brigade.  During  his  cavalry  service  he  had  two 
horses  shot  from  under  him,  one  at  Cold  Harbor  and  one  at 
Rude's  Hill,  in  the  Valley.  After  an  illness  in  the  hospital  he 
was  detained  as  a  courier  for  General  Breckenridge,  and  went 
with  him  to  Carolina.  While  serving  as  a  courier  it  became  his 
duty  to  carry  to  President  Davis,  at  Danville,  the  first  tidings  of 
the  surrender  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia.  He  was  present 
without  the  building  where  the  last  cabinet  meeting  of  the  Con- 
federate States  government  was  held.  Returning  to  Virginia 
in  June,  1865,  he  was  paroled  at  Richmond,  and  after  graduat- 
ing from  Washington  and  Lee  University  at  Lexington  and 
teaching  school  for  several  years,  he  was  graduated  in  medicine 
at  the  University  of  Virginia,  in  1875.  He  practiced  his  pro- 
fession in  Halifax  County,  and  then  removed  to  Charlottesville, 
where  he  resided  from  1881  until  1906,  the  date  of  his  death. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  131 

He  contributed  numerous  scientific  papers  to  medical  litera- 
ture; was  president  of  the  Medical  Society  of  Virginia;  was 
for  four  years  secretary  of  the  Medical  Examining  Board  of 
the  State,  and  then  president  of  that  body,  an  honor  which  he 
resigned  to  become  instructor  in  clinical  surgery  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Virginia.  For  many  years  he  was  a  member  of  the 
City  Council,  and  was  instrumental  in  obtaining  for  the  city  a 
modern  water  and  sewerage  system. 


P.  W.  NELSON. 
BY  Miss  SELMA  NELSON. 

Philip  W.  Nelson  was  born  on  February  1st,  1835.  His  fa- 
ther was  Dr.  Wm.  Nelson  of  Clarke  County,  Virginia,  and  his 
mother,  Miss  Nancy  Mitchell  of  Charleston,  South  Carolina. 
He  studied  at  the  University  of  Virginia,  and  shortly  before 
the  Civil  War,  began  farming  at  Rosney,  in  Clarke  County. 

Immediately  after  the  opening  of  the  war,  he  enlisted  as  a 
private  at  Harper's  Ferry.  He  served  throughout  the  war  in 
Company  C,  Second  Virginia  Infantry,  Stonewall  Brigade,  and 
was  present  at  most  of  the  prominent  battles,  though  at  times 
absent  from  his  company,  in  consequence  of  wounds,  or  sick- 
ness. Slightly  wounded  at  Front  Royal,  and  more  severely 
wounded  at  the  Second  Battle  of  Manassas,  and  at  Spottsyl- 
vania  May  12th,  1864,  he  escaped  without  permanent  injury, 
and  was  in  command  of  the  remnant  of  Company  C  at  the  time 
of  the  surrender. 

After  the  war  he  removed  to  Albemarle  County,  and  in  1875 
bought  the  farm  of  Oak  Hill  in  the  same  county,  where  he  re- 
sided until  the  time  of  his  death  in  1908. 

He  married  Miss  Emily  McGuire  of  Tappahannock,  daugh- 
ter of  Rev.  John  P.  McGuire  of  Essex  County,  who  was,  at  the 
time  of  the  war,  principal  of  the  Episcopal  High  School  near 
•Alexandria. 


132  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

HILLARY  PACE. 

Hillary  Pace  resided  near  Crozet,  Albemarle  County,  Vir- 
ginia, and  entered  the  army  as  a  member  of  Company  C,  Car- 
rington's  Battery  of  Artillery.  He  was  a  fine  soldier  in  this 
justly  celebrated  company.  His  father  was  John  J.  Pace,  a 
highly  respected  farmer  and  citizen. 

REV.  J.  C.  PAINTER.* 

My  career  as  a  Confederate  soldier  was  not  very  extended  or 
thrilling. 

I  was  eighteen  years  old  the  10th  day  of  July,  1863,  and  on 
the  17th  I  joined  the  Otey  Battery,  made  up  chiefly  of  Rich- 
mond boys,  and  commanded  by  Captain  D.  X.  Walker  of  that 
city. 

The  battery  was  raised  and  first  commanded  by  Captain 
Otey  of  Lynchburg.  The  Otey  Battery,  Davidson  Battery,  and 
Dickerson's  Battery  constituted  the  Thirteenth  Battalion  of  Vir- 
ginia Artillery,  which  was  commanded  by  Colonel  J.  Floyd 
King,  of  Georgia. 

•  The  first  winter  after  my  enlistment,  after  a  period  of  stren- 
uous marching  up  and  down  the  Valley  of  Virginia  and  in  the 
mountains  of  West  Virginia,  was  spent  in  East  Tennessee  un- 
der Longstreet.  In  the  spring  we  returned  to  Virginia  and 
joined  Lee's  army  around  Richmond  and  Petersburg.  My  com- 
pany lost  heavily  in  killed  and  wounded  in  the  long  siege  of 
Petersburg.  I,  myself,  escaped  with  no  worse  disaster  than  hav- 
ing a  horse  shot  from  under  me  near  the  Old  Blanford  Church 
at  Petersburg.  Personally  I  was  much  worse  scared  and  much 
worse  hurt  when,  in  camp  near  Gordonsville,  a  blind  artillery 
horse  ran  over  me  as  I  lay  asleep  in  the  edge  of  the  woods  near 
camp. 

I  was  in  the  disastrous  march  from  Richmond  to  Appomat- 
tox,  and  with  the  majority  of  my  company  surrendered  in 
Lynchburg  and  was  paroled  on  April  14th.  I  then  footed  the 
hundred  miles  to  my  old  home  in  Pulaski. 


*Died    October,    1919,   after   this   sketch   was   written. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  133 

As  I  said,  my  career  was  not  a  thrilling  one,  but  one  of  the 
proudest  memories  of  the  past  is,  that  I,  with  five  brothers  in 
the  ranks,  and  two  others  in  the  government  service,  consti- 
tuted a  part  of  what  I  believe  to  have  been  the  grandest  army 
that  ever  trod  this  globe. 


WILLIAM  NATHANIEL  PARROTT. 

William  Nathaniel  Parrott,  the  son  of  William  T.  and  Fran- 
ces Thompson  Parrott,  was  born  September  18th,  1842.  He 
joined  the  army  at  the  beginning  of  hostilities.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  Company  I,  Seventh  Virginia  Infantry,  Kemper's  Bri- 
gade, Longstreet's  Corps,  Army  of  Northern  Virginia.  He  was 
slightly  wounded  several  times,  but  was  with  his  colors  at  the 
surrender.  His  elder  brother  was  killed  at  Hatcher's  Run  in 
1865.  While  in  the  railway  mail  service,  he  received  injuries 
in  the  Flat  Nancy  wreck  from  which  he  never  recovered.  He 
died  May  21st,  1911,  and  was  laid  to  rest  in  the  family  section 
at  Highland,  near  Free  Union,  Virginia. 


A.  W.  PAYNE. 

A.  W.  Payne  resided  near  Keswick,  Virginia,  and  was  pay- 
master in  the  Quartermaster's  Department.  His  father,  Joseph 
H.  Payne,  was  first  Lieutenant  of  Artillery,  and  was  killed  by 
the  enemy's  sharpshooters  at  Gaines's  Mill.  John  L.  Payne,  an- 
other brother,  served  with  him  in  the  same  company.  He  was 
highly  respected,  both  as  a  soldier  and  citizen. 


GEORGE  PERKINS. 
BY  G.  L  PETRIE. 

During  the  summer  and  falj  of  1864  George  Perkins  was  with 
a  regiment  of  reserves,  composed  of  old  men  and  boys,  at  High 
Bridge  in  Cumberland  County,  Virginia.  The  regiment  was 
commanded  by  Colonel  John  Scott.  Captain  William  Wilson 


134  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

was  in  command  of  the  company.  The  chief  service  rendered 
there  was  working  with  pick  and  shovel  making  forts  and 
breastworks  in  anticipation  of  a  Federal  attack. 

In  November  1864,  while  he  was  still  under  eighteen  years 
of  age,  he  joined  the  cavalry  company  of  which  his  father  had 
been  captain.  This  company  was  known  at  home  as  the  Cum- 
berland Troop.  In  the  field  it  was  Company  G,  Third  Virginia 
Cavalry,  Wickham's  Brigade.  He  joined  the  company  as  pri- 
vate near  New  Market,  Shenandoah  County,  Virginia.  He  was 
sent  with  his  command  on  a  raid  into  West  Virginia.  .Return- 
ing, he  went  into  winter  quarters  in  Orange  County,  Virginia. 

He  returned  to  General  Lee's  forces  in  the  early  spring  of 
1865,  but  saw  no  fighting  until  the  retreat  from  Richmond  be- 
gan. He  was  in  the  battle  of  Five  Forks  and  a  number  of  en- 
gagements, more  or  less  important,  between  Richmond  and 
Farmville.  Passing  within  a  few  miles  of  his  home,  he  ob- 
tained leave  of  absence  for  a  day  or  two  to  go  home  and  get  a 
fresh  horse.  He  went  home,  obtained  a  new  mount,  and  started 
to  rejoin  his  company,  but  did  not  reach  it.  The  surrender  oc- 
curred before  he  got  to  the  command. 

He  was  never  wounded  and  never  captured. 

The  war  being  ended,  he  returned  to  his  home  to  share  with 
his  people  their  poverty,  and  to  help  in  the  building  again  of 
their  shattered  fortunes. 

George  Perkins,  as  a  Confederate  veteran,  became  a  member 
of  the  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp  of  Confederate  Veterans  and 
was  honored  by  a  term  of  service  as  Lieutenant  Commander 
of  the  Camp.  His  life,  of  great  energy,  of  high  tone,  of  marked 
achievement,  of  lofty  ideals,  of  supreme  devotion,  was  a  splen- 
did contribution  to  his  country  in  the  trying  years  of  recon- 
struction and  through  the  happier  times  of  returning  prosper- 
ity and  complete  re-establishment  of  governmental,  commer- 
cial, professional,  economic  and  social  order. 

He  was  a  devout  Christian,  a  faithful  elder  in  the  Presbyte- 
rian Church,  eminent  lawyer,  a  valued  citizen,  a  loved  and  hon- 
ored comrade.  In  private  life  he  was  an  exemplar.  In  public 
life  he  measured  up  to  the  highest  standard.  All  who  knew  him 
delight  to  do  him  honor. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  135 

JAMES  PERLEY. 
BY  JOHN  W.  PERLEY. 

James  Perley  was  the  son  of  James  and  Elizabeth  Perley, 
and  was  born  in  Alexandria  on  July  3rd,  1833.  The  family 
moved  to  Fredericksburg  in  1839,  and  after  a  two  years'  resi- 
dence there  came  to  Charlottesville,  where  the  remainder  of  his 
life  was  spent. 

Upon  the  formation  of  a  local  military  company,  known  as 
the  Monticello  Guard,  Mr.  Perley  enlisted  and  soon  rose  to  the 
rank  of  sergeant,  serving  with  the  company  when  it  was  called 
to  Charles  Town  upon  the  occasion  of  the  execution  of  John 
Brown. 

Accompanying  the  Guard  to  Manassas  on  April  16th,  1861, 
where  it  was  merged  into  Company  A,  Nineteenth  Virginia 
Regiment,  Garnett's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division,  Mr.  Perley 
served  continuously  to  the  close  of  the  war,  participating  in  all 
the  battles  of  the  Nineteenth  Virginia  Regiment  and  was  a  true 
and  brave  soldier.  He  was  captured  at  Sailor's  Creek,  a  few 
days  before  the  surrender  and  carried  to  Point  Lookout,  and 
was  there  when  the  war  closed. 

In  1855  Mr.  Perley  married  Miss  Mary  Jane  Mooney,  of  Al- 
bemarle  County,  and  to  this  union  were  born  six  children — 
James  Vincent,  Annie  E.,  John  W.,  Charles  M.,  Mary  V.,  and 
Rosa  Lee.  In  1867  he  entered  the  furniture  and  undertaking 
business  in  Charlottesville,  succeeding  John  B.  Dodd.  The 
business  grew  steadily  and  in  1885  had  reached  such  propor- 
tions that  Mr.  Perley  decided  to  form  a  partnership,  admitting 
his  sons  to  the  business,  under  the  firm  name  of  James  Perley 
&  Sons,  and  continued  as  directing  head  of  the  concern  un- 
til his  death  on  January  10th,  1915,  having  reached  the  ripe  age 
of  82  years. 

Throughout  his  long  life  Mr.  Perley  was  active  in  all  public 
efforts  to  advance  the  welfare  of  the  community,  and  took  a 
deep  interest  in  the  affairs  of  his  church. 


136  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

WILLIAM  PERLEY. 

William  Perley  was  born  in  Alexandria,  Virginia.  He  came 
to  Charlottesville  in  1841  and  engaged  in  the  drug  business.  He 
was  a  member  of  Company  A,  Nineteenth  Virginia  Infantry, 
and  served  during  the  war.  He  was  a  brother  of  Sergeant 
James  Perley  of  the  same  regiment,  and  fought  a  good  fight 
for  the  Confederate  cause.  He  died  at  the  Soldier's  Home  in 
Richmond,  Virginia,  in  1892. 

R.  C.  PITMAN. 

R.  C.  Pitman  enlisted  at  Harper's  Ferry  in  May,  1861,  as  a 
corporal  in  Company  F,  Thirteenth  Virginia  Infantry,  and 
served  throughout  the  war.  He  resided  near  Ivy  Depot,  his  oc- 
cupation being  that  of  a  millwright.  He  was  a  fine  soldier  in  a 
noted  regiment. 

JAMES  M.  POATES. 

James  M.  Poates  resided  near  Batesville,  Virginia,  and  en- 
tered the  Confederate  army  as  a  member  of  the  Fluvanna  Ar- 
tillery. This  company  was  afterwards  consolidated  with  an- 
other company  of  artillery,  and  he  was  sent  to  West  Virginia 
as  enrolling  officer,  where  he  remained  until  the  close  of  the  war. 

HENRY  DANIEL  PORTER. 
BY  R.  P.  VALENTINE. 

Henry  Daniel  Porter  was  born  in  Louisa  County,  Virginia, 
April  10th,  1838,  a  son  of  Joseph  and  Susan  (Daniel)  Porter. 
He  entered  the  Confederate  army  in  1861,  and  was  a  member 
of  Company  K,, Second  Virginia  Cavalry,  Rosser's  Brigade,  and 
served  through  the  war,  being  present  at  the  surrender  at  Ap- 
pomattox  in  1865. 

In  1865  he  married  Miss  Mary  B.  Payne  of  Linden  Hall, 
Fluvanna  County,  Virginia.  He  resided  in  that  county  as  a 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  137 

farmer  until  1887,  when  he  moved  to  Charlottesville  and  was 
superintendent  of  the  first  car  line  of  that  city.  He  was  a  man 
of  unusually  fine  qualities,  of  a  genial  disposition,  and  esteemed 
by  all  who  knew  him.  He  was  regarded  as  a  man  that  could 
be  counted  on  at  all  times.  He  was  a  member  of  the  first  Bap- 
tist Church  of  Charlottesville  and  died  in  1896.  Three  children 
survived  him :  Mr.  H.  P.  Porter,  Miss  Lula  and  Miss  Anna 
Porter,  all  living  at  this  time  in  Charlottesville,  Virginia. 


D.  J.  PURVIS. 

D.  J.  Purvis  enlisted  in  the  army  from  Missouri,  in  the  cav- 
alry service,  and  was  wounded  in  the  arm.  After  the  war  he 
resided  in  Charlottesville,  Virginia,  where  he  engaged  in  the 
mercantile  business  until  his  death. 


OSCAR  REIERSON. 
BY  His  FRIEND,  W.  R.  DUKE. 

Oscar  Reierson,  the  son  of  John  X.  and  Henrietta  (Waly) 
Reierson,  was  born  in  Copenhagen,  Denmark,  October  29th, 
1837. 

His  father  spent  two  years  examining  North  America,  being 
sent  out  from  Norway  by  an  association  looking  to  emigration. 
He  selected  as  the  most  desirable  spot  for  a  home  the  then  Re- 
public of  Texas  (1843). 

The  following  year  he  brought  out  his  family,  together  with 
some  two  hundred  Norwegians.  They  settled  in  the  county 
now  known  as  Henderson. 

In  1858  Oscar  Reierson  left  home  to  attend  the  University  of 
Virginia,  where  he  was  graduated  in  1862.  In  July,  1862,  he 
enlisted  in  Captain  George  T.  Ferneyhough's  Independent  Cav- 
alry Company.  After  the  Second  Battle  of  Manassas  the  com- 
pany was  incorporated  in  White's  Independent  Thirty-fifth  Bat- 
talion. 

Oscar  Reierson  served  through  the  war  and  for  some  years 


138  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

practiced  law  in  Charlottesville,  Virginia,  the  firm  being  Blakey 
&  Reierson. 

He  was  a  genial  gentleman  and  much  loved  by  his  friends. 

He  died  at  the  home  of  his  daughter,  Mrs.  Poindexter  Drane, 
on  May  10th,  1913,  and  was  buried  in  Cave  Hill  Cemetery, 
Louisville,  Kentucky. 


JOHN  A.  RIX. 

John  A.  Rix  resided  on  the  south  side  of  the  county  of  Albe- 
marle,  and  enlisted  in  Company  G,  Forty-ninth  Virginia  Infan- 
try. He  was  a  faithful  soldier  of  the  Confederacy.  After  the 
war  he  was  an  active  member  of  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp. 
He  was  a  good  citizen. 


JOHN   S.  ROBSON. 

John  S.  Robson  was  a  student  in  Charlottesville  at  the  begin- 
ning of  the  Confederate  War  and  enlisted  as  a  private  in  Com- 
pany D,  Fifty-second  Virginia  Infantry.  A  fine  soldier,  and 
served  four  years. 


T.  H.  ROTHWELL. 

T.  H.  Rothwell  was  a  son  of  Benjamin  C.  and  Harriett  C. 
Rothwell,  and  served  with  the  reserves  around  Richmond,  Vir- 
ginia. After  the  war  he  was  engaged  in  business  in  Charlottes- 
ville. He  died  in  that  city. 


JOHN  A.  SHACKELFORD. 

John  A.  Shackelford  lived  in  Albemarle  County,  near  Char- 
lottesville. He  enlisted  at  the  age  of  forty-five  years  as  a  pri- 
vate in  the  'Albemarle  Artillery,  and  served  until  the  close  of 
the  war.  After  the  war  he  engaged  in  farming. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  139 

Z.  N.  SHACKELFORD. 

Z.  N.  Shackelford  was  born  and  reared  in  Spottsylvania 
County,  Virginia.  He  enlisted  at  the  age  of  seventeen  years  in 
the  Fifty-fifth  Virginia  Infantry,  which  was  a  part  of  Hill's  Di- 
vision, and  engaged  in  many  noted  battles  of  the  Civil  War.  He 
was  captured  in  the  early  part  of  1862  and  confined  at  Point 
Lookout  for  eleven  months.  After  being  exchanged,  he  served 
in  the  Confederate  army  until  Lee  surrendered  at  Appomattox. 

After  the  war  he  moved  to  Albemarle  County,  Virginia, 
where  he  engaged  in  farming  until  1890,  when  he  moved  to 
Charlottesville  and  engaged  in  the  grocery  business,  which  he 
conducted  successfully  until  his  death,  which  occurred  very 
suddenly,  on  May  5th,  1906. 

Mr.  Shackelford  was  a  man  of  sterling  qualities.  Quiet  in  de- 
meanor, he  possessed  many  friends  and  few  enemies,  and  his 
life  was  that  of  the  typical  soldier  who  followed  the  leadership 
of  Jackson  and  Lee,  always  the  gentleman  and  good  citizen. 


HORACE  SHIFLETT. 

Horace  Shiflett  enlisted  in  the  Fluvanna  Artillery  at  the  com- 
mencement of  the  Confederate  War,  and  served  until  the  close 
of  hostilities.  He  lived  in  Charlottesville  after  the  war  and  died 
at  the  Soldier's  Home  in  Richmond,  Virginia.  He  was  an  ed- 
ucated and  cultivated  man,  and  highly  respected  by  all  who  knew 
him. 


GEORGE  A.  SINCLAIR. 

George  A.  Sinclair,  son  of  George  and  Ruth  Sinclair,  entered 
the  Confederate  army  as  a  member  of  Colonel  John  S.  Mosby's 
command,  and  served  with  distinction  to  the  close  of  the  war. 
He  was  for  twenty  years  engaged  in  the  mercantile  business  in 
Charlottesville,  and  was  also  active  in  social  life  and  church 
work. 


140  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

CHARLES  G.  SKINNER. 

Charles  G.  Skinner  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  as  a  pri- 
vate in  Company  A,  Seventh  Virginia  Cavalry,  and  served  three 
years.  He  resided  in  Charlottesville,  Virginia,  and  engaged  in 
the  mercantile  business. 

J.  MASSIE  SMITH. 
BY  C.  W.  ALLEN. 

John  Massie  Smith,  son  of  Captain  John  Massie  Smith  of 
Nelson  County,  Virginia,  and  Jacintha  Tazewell  Rhodes  of  Al- 
bemarle  County,  Virginia,  was  born  August  29th,  1843,  and  died 
the  10th  day  of  October,  1909,  at  his  residence  at  Shadwell,  Al- 
bemarle  County,  Virginia,  in  the  67th  year  of  his  age. 

In  1861,  young  Smith,  then  less  than  eighteen,  and  a  student 
at  Columbia  University,  volunteered  for  duty  in  the  service  of 
the  Confederacy,  entering  the  war  with  the  Albemarle  Rangers 
— Tenth  Virginia  Cavalry — .and  with  this  organization  he  par- 
ticipated in  more  than  thirty  of  the  hardest  battles  of  the  war. 
He  was  intrepid  and  fearless  and  always  ready  for  action, 
however  perilous,  and  these  qualities  brought  him  many  spe- 
cial details,  the  duties  of  which  often  exacted  a  courage  and 
daring  of  which  many  good  soldiers  were  incapable.  Filled 
with  patriotic  fervor  and  love  for  his  native  land,  he  exempli- 
fied the  spirit  and  morale  of  the  best  product  of  the  South. 

Two  years  after  the  surrender,  May  21,  1867,  young  Smith 
the  veteran,  married  Miss  Nellie  Timberlake  of  Charlottesville, 
and  as  a  result  of  this  union  five  children  were  born,  two  of 
whom  died  early.  The  other  three  still  survive,  namely :  Rosa 
Bibb,  now  wife  of  Judge  Wm.  F.  Rhea  of  Richmond ;  Edward 
Massie  Smith  and  Miss  Sallie  Willie  Smith — the  two  latter  re- 
siding at  Shadwell. 

After  the  war  Mr.  Smith  purchased  and  resided  upon  a  por- 
tion of  the  farm  at  Shadwell  once  owned  by  Peter  Jefferson, 
and  upon  which  Thomas  Jefferson  was  born.  With  the  excep- 
tion of  a  few  years  during  which  he  served  as  Secretary  of  the 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  141 

House  Committee  on  Claims  and  Elections,  Mr.  Smith  spent 
the  remainder  of  his  life  there.  His  wife  preceded  him  to  the 
grave,  and  they  now  lie  side  by  side  in  the  cemetery  at  Char- 
lottesville. 

In  his  domestic  life  Mr.  Smith  was  genial,  kindly,  indulgent 
and  patient  with  his  family,  beloved  by  his  neighbors  and  friends, 
and  always  exhibiting  a  due  regard  for  the  opinions  and  feelings 
of  others.  In  the  broader  field  of  the  citizen,  he  was  endowed 
with  a  clear  conception  of  duty  to  his  community,  his  stat';  and 
the  national  government.  His  mind  was  vigorous  and  filled 
with  useful  information,  and  few  men  were  so  well  equipped  to 
understand  and  appreciate  the  effect  of  the  trend  of  public 
events.  He  was  modest  and  retiring  in  disposition  but  withal 
kept  pace  with  the  movements  of  the  times  in  which  he  lived. 
He  was  a  man  of  deep  convictions,  of  sincere  and  exalted  pur- 
pose, a  good  citizen,  brave  soldier  and  a  true  patriot. 


J.  W.   SMITH. 

J.  iW.  Smith  resided  near  Crozet,  Albemarle  County,  and  en- 
listed in  the  Confederate  army  in  April,  1864,  as  a  corporal  in 
Marquiss'  Battery  of  Artillery  and  served  until  the  close.  His 
occupation  was  that  of  a  plumber. 


THOMAS  H.   SMITH. 

Thomas  H.  Smith,  at  the  beginning  of  the  Confederate  war, 
enlisted  as  a  (private  in  Company  B,  Nineteenth  Virginia  Infan- 
try, and  resided  in  Charlottesville,  where  he  was  engaged  as  a 
grader. 

W.  J.  SMITH. 

W.  J.  Smith  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  in  1862,  and 
served  three  years.  He  was  detailed  for  special  service  under 
Major  Richards  at  Gordonsville.  and  after  the  war  resided  at 
Charlottesville,  Virginia. 


142  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

JOHN  SPOONER. 

John  Spooner  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  as  a  cor- 
poral in  Carrington's  Battery  of  Artillery,  and  was  afterwards 
promoted  to  sergeant.  He  was  captured  at  Spottsylvania  Court 
House  on  the  12th  of  May  and  remained  a  prisoner  to  the  close 
of  the  war. 

GUSTAVUS  WALLACE  SPOOXER. 
BY  REV.  GEORGE  H.  SPOONER. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  at  "Montebello/'  the  old 
home  place  adjoining  the  grounds  of  the  University  of  Vir- 
ginia, December  6th,  1827.  In  1852  he  was  married  to  Miss 
Dorothy  Durrette  of  North  Garden. 

He  entered  the  Confederate  army  in  May,  1861,  as  sergeant 
in  Company  B,  19th  Virginia  Infantry,  and  served  two  years. 
He  was  a  faithful  soldier. 

Shortly  after  the  war  he  began  his  business  career  in  the  city 
of  Charlottesville  as  an  associate  with  J.  M.  Lobbin  in  the  hard- 
ware business.  Later  he  was  the  senior  member  of  the  firm  of 
Spooner  &  Norris;  and  still  later,  of  the  firm  of  Spooner  & 
Keller.  In  the  early  eighties  he  established  the  architectural 
and  construction  company  of  G.  W.  Spooner  &  Son,  associating 
with  him  his  eldest  son,  M.  M.  Spooner.  This  firm  designed 
and  constructed  a  number  of  public  and  private  buildings  in  the 
city. 

He  was  a  steward  in  the  Methodist  Church,  a  member  of  the 
^city  council,  and  at  one  time  city  engineer. 

He  died  September  6th,  1904,  leaving  the  legacy  of  an  hon- 
orable record,  a  lofty  character  and  a  respected  name  in  places 
of  duty  and  service. 

W.  M.  THOMAS. 

W.  M.  Thomas  enlisted  in  1861  in  Company  K,  Forty- fourth 
Virginia  Infantry,  and  served  during  the  entire  war.  He  was 
originally  from  Fluvanna  County,  but  subsequently  moved  to 
Overton,  Albemarle  County. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  143 

WILLIAM  BEVERLY  TOWLES,  M.  D. 
BY  P.  B.  BARRINGER. 

William  Beverly  Towles  was  born  at  Columbia,  Fluvanna 
County,  Virginia,  on  the  4th  day  of  March,  1847,  and  died  at 
the  University  of  Virginia,  September  15th,  1893.  He  was  the 
son  of  Dr.  William  B.  Towles  and  Harriett  Washington  John- 
son his  wife.  His  father  was  a  prominent  physician  in  Flu- 
vanna, who  later  moved  to  Cumberland  County,  and  it  was  here 
that  young  Towles  was  raised. 

During  the  early  years  of  the  War  between  the  States  he  was 
attending  the  local  schools  of  that  county  and  then  a  high  school 
in  Buckingham.  Soon,  however,  the  alarums  of  war  began  to 
call  louder  than  the  bells  of  peace,  and  in  the  fall  of  1863,  when 
about  sixteen  years  of  age,  he  entered  the  Reserve  Corps  of  the 
Confederate  Army,  usually  called  "The  Home  Guard."  With 
a  command  hastily  called  together  by  Colonel  Baker  of  Farm- 
ville,  he  aided  in  the  defense  of  the  Staunton  River  Bridge  in 
Charlotte  County,  and  here  for  gallantry  was  made  sergeant, 
notwithstanding  his  youth.  His  next  duty  was  guarding  the 
eastern  end  of  the  "High  Bridge"  over  the  Appomattox  River 
near  Farmville.  Soon,  Colonel  Baker,  seeing  the  end  near,  dis- 
banded his  command  in  spite  of  the  protests  of  his  young  hot- 
spurs. Young  Towles  went  to  his  home  not  far  away,  and 
mounting  a  horse  set  off  with  a  favorite  negro  to  join  Colonel 
Mosby,  only  to  find  that  that  officer  also  had  surrendered.  Much 
chagrinned,  he  had  to  return  and  surrender.  This  was  a  pro- 
found shock  to  the  great-grandson  of  Colonel  Oliver  Towles  of 
the  Sixth  Continental  Line  of  the  Revolution  and  the  grandson 
of  Major  Oliver  Towles  of  the  war  of  1812.  But  this  was  war. 

Young  Towles  entered  the  University  of  Virginia  in  1867, 
and  received  the  degree  of  M.  D.  on  June  1st,  1869.  He  prac- 
ticed in  Missouri  for  a  time,  but  in  1872  was  appointed  Demon- 
strator of  Anatomy  in  the  University  of  Virginia  under  Pro- 
fessor John  Staige  Davis.  Here  he  served  so  satisfactorily  that 
on  the  death  of  Dr.  Davis  in  1885  he  was  elected  as  his  suc- 
cessor. Although  like  his  predecessor,  a  gifted  lecturer,  he  also 
maintained  that  human  anatomy  could  be  taught  only  on  the 


144  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

cadaver,  and  made  the  dissecting  hall  the  chief  province  of  his 
work.  He  nobly  mintained  the  traditions  of  this  famous  school 
of  anatomy  and  added  new  lustre  to  its  name.  For  some  years 
he  also  taught  in  the  University  of  Vermont  Summer  School 
of  Medicine. 

The  writer  first  knew  Dr.  Towles  in  1876,  and  he  was  even 
then  a  man  of  striking  characteristics ;  but  it  was  in  his  later 
years  that  he  developed  into  a  man  of  marked  dignity  and  dis- 
tinction. While  agreeable  and  courteous  to  all,  his  system  of 
human  classification  was  unique.  To  him  the  world  consisted 
of  his  friends,  on  the  one  hand,  and  the  rest  of  mankind  on  the 
other;  and  no  man  was  ever  more  steadfastly  loyal  to  his 
friends. 

T.  A.  TRICE. 

T.  A.  Trice  was  born  at  Frederick's  Hall,  in  Louisa  County. 
He  was  the  son  of  T.  N.  and  Alary  Moon  Trice.  He  entered 
the  Confederate  service  at  the  age  of  seventeen  years  in  Dance's 
Battery  of  Artillery,  where  he  remained  until  the  close  of  the 
war.  Foregoing  his  anticipated  college  education,  he  set  to 
work  to  restore  the  ravages  the  war  had  made  on  his  home  af- 
fairs. In  1892  he  moved  to  Charlottesville,  where  his  services 
on  the  police  force  were  highly  appreciated.  For  several  years 
he  was  Chief  of  Police  in  that  city. 


JOHN  UTZ. 

John  Utz  entered  the  Confederate  army  as  a  member  of  Com- 
pany B  of  the  Culpeper  Minute  Men,  Thirteenth  Virginia  Regi- 
ment of  Infantry.  He  was  transferred  to  the  cavalry  service, 
where  he  distinguished  himself  for  bravery.  In  an  engagement 
with  the  enemy  in  the  streets  of  Orange  Court  House  he  re- 
ceived severe  saber  cuts  in  the  head,  which  disqualified  him 
from  further  active  service.  He  engaged  in  the  carriage  busi- 
ness in  Charlottesville  after  the  war,  and  was  a  man  highly  es- 
teemed for  his  worth  and  service  in  the  city. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  145 

CHARLES  HENRY  WALKER. 
BY  JOHN  W.  WALKER. 

Charles  Henry  Walker  was  born  at  Louisa,  Virginia,  July 
29th,  1845,  and  was  a  son  of  John  W.  and  Martha  (Hughson) 
Walker.  His  father  was  a  railroad  contractor  of  the  firm  of 
Mason  &  Walker.  His  maternal  grandfather  was  Samuel 
Hughson  of  the  Green  Springs  section  of  Louisa  County.  His 
paternal  grandfather,  Austin  Walker,  lived  in  Piedmont,  Vir- 
ginia, and  was  the  father  of  a  numerous  family. 

As  a  boy  Mr.  Walker  attended  John  P.  Thompson's  private 
school  at  Louisa,  the  famous  old  Dinwiddie  School  at  Green- 
wood, Virginia,  and  was  a  student  at  the  Crenshaw  school  in 
Amelia  County  when,  in  1863,  at  the  age  of  eighteen,  he  en- 
tered the  Confederate  army  as  a  member  of  the  command  of 
Colonel  John  S.  Mosby,  known  as  Mosby's  Battalion. 

On  August  13th,  1864,  while  taking  part  in  the  capture  of  a 
wagon  train  at  Berryville,  Mr.  Walker  was  seriously  wounded 
while  in  the  forefront  of  a  charge  on  a  body  of  infantry  that 
had  taken  refuge  behind  a  stone  wall.  He  was  within  a  few 
feet  of  this  wall  when  a  minnie  ball  from  an  enemy  musket  shat- 
tered his  left  arm.  Eight  months  later  he  was  not  sufficiently 
recovered  to  return  to  his  command. 

A  few  years  after  the  close  of  the  war  he  came  to  Charlottes- 
ville  to  enter  business.  He  soon  took  a  position  with  T.  J. 
Wertenbaker.  In  January  1875  he  established  himself  at  Rec- 
tortown,  Virginia,  in  a  mercantile  business  which  he  conducted 
with  a  large  measure  of  success  for  twenty-two  years.  His 
capital  outgrowing  the  needs  of  his  own  business  led  to  his  or- 
ganizing, in  association  with  D.  P.  Wood  of  Warrenton,  the 
business  of  D.  P.  Wood  &  Company.  Also,  in  1889,  he  estab- 
lished with  J.  E.  Wood  the  business  that  is  now  the  Charlottes- 
ville  Hardware  Company.  In  1897,  retiring  from  the  Rector- 
town  business,  he  came  back  to  live  in  Charlottesville,  and 
joined  the  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp  of  Confederate  Veterans. 
He  was  thrice  chosen  commander  of  the  camp  but  declined  to 
serve  the  third  term  though  unanimously  elected.  He  was  ap- 
pointed city  treasurer  and  filled  that  office  by  successive  elec- 


146  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

tions  until  his  death.  He  was  a  director  in  the  Albemarle  Na- 
tional Bank  and  in  various  other  enterprises.  He  was  an  elder 
of  the  Christian  Church  for  about  twenty  years  and  Superin- 
tendent of  its  Sunday  School  for  a  number  of  years.  In  every- 
thing bearing  upon  the  material  or  moral  progress  of  the  com- 
munity he  took  an  active  part.  His  last  residence  was  the  hand- 
some old  colonial  home  of  Ex-Governor  Gilmer. 

He  was  married  in  Danville,  Virginia,  in  May,  1873,  to  Ro- 
berta Carroll,  who  was  born  in  Albemarle  County,  the  daugh- 
ter of  Major  Andrew  Carroll  and  Mattie  C.  (Payne)  Carroll. 
She  was  a  faithful  companion  until  her  death  in  July,  1911.  On 
December  10th,  1912,  he  married  Mrs.  Mattie  (Terrell)  Wills, 
the  daughter  of  N.  A.  Terrell,  and  widow  of  F.  Cary  Wills. 

Mr.  Walker's  benefactions  were  many  and  probably  no  man 
who  ever  lived  in  the  city  helped  more  people.  He  died  March 
21st,  1917. 

C.  M.  WAYT. 

C.  M.  Wayt  was  a  resident  of  Charlottesville,  Virginia,  at 
the  beginning  of  the  war,  and  enlisted  in  Company  A,  Nineteenth 
Virginia  Regiment  of  Infantry.  He  was  a  fine  soldier.  He  en- 
gaged in  business  after  the  war,  and  was  book-keeper  for  the 
Bank  of  Albemarle.  He  was  highly  respected  as  a  man  and 
citizen. 

W.  DYER  WHEELER. 

W.  Dyer  Wheeler  was  the  son  of  Bryant  and  Elizabeth 
Wheeler  and  entered  the  Confederate  army  as  a  member  of 
Company  K,  Second  Virginia  Cavalry.  He  was  distinguished 
for  his  gallantry  and  fine  soldierly  qualities.  He  was  wounded 
four  times.  He  came  from  Fluvanna  County  to  Charlottesville, 
where  he  was  actively  engaged  in  business.  He  was  highly  es- 
teemed as  a  man  and  citizen. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  147 

JUDGE  JOHN  M.  WHITE. 

BY  WM.  F.  LONG. 

Judge  John  M.  White  was  born  in  Norfolk  County  on  the 
16th  day  of  November,  1846,  and  died  at  Charlottesville  on  the 
6th  day  of  March,  1913.  When  he  was  sixteen  years  old  he  en- 
tered the  Confederate  army  and  was  a  member  of  Company 
G,  Forty-third  Battalion  of  Cavalry,  under  Mosby's  Command, 
and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war. 

After  the  war  he  entered  the  University  of  Virginia  and 
studied  law  under  Professor  John  B.  Minor.  After  leaving  the 
University  Judge  White  married  Miss  Gay  Leake,  the  daughter 
of  Honorable  Shelton  F.  Leake,  and  commenced  the  active  prac- 
tice of  his  profession  in  partnership  with  Mr.  Leake  under  the 
firm  name  of  Leake  &  White.  He  took  an  active  part  in  poli- 
tics and  was  for  several  years  chairman  of  the  Democratic 
Party  in  his  county  and  also  a  member  of  the  State  Democratic 
Committee.  In  1885,  he  was  elected  county  judge,  which  of- 
fice he  held  by  successive  elections  until  the  adoption  of  the 
constitution  of  1904,  when  he  was  elected  judge  of  the  Eighth 
Judicial  Circuit,  which  office  he  held  until  his  death. 

While  he  was  county  judge  the  Miller  Manual  Labor  School 
of  this  county  came  under  his  jurisdiction  and  the  welfare  of 
that  institution  was  his  greatest  care  and  pride.  He  was  presi- 
dent of  the  board  of  trustees  under  the  Samuel  Miller  deed  for 
the  benefit  of  the  Agricultural  School  of  the  University  of  Vir- 
ginia. 

From  1895  until  his  death  Judge  White  was  president  of  the 
Peoples  National  Bank,  which  under  his  able  guidance  and  di- 
rection became  one  of  the  leading  banking  institutions  of  Vir- 
ginia. 

For  more  than  ten  years  Judge  White  was  a  member  of  the 
vestry  of  Christ  Church  and  was  regular  in  his  attendance,  al- 
ways taking  an  active  interest  in  the  proceedings.  For  many 
years  he  occupied  the  position  of  treasurer  and  for  nearly  three 
years  was  the  senior  warden  of  the  church. 

Some  years  after  the  death  of  his  first  wife  he  married  Miss 
Hilah  White,  whose  beautiful  and  lovely  life  came  to  an  end 


148  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

just  a  short  time  before  his  own.  By  his  first  wife  he  had  two 
children — John  S.  White,  of  the  firm  of  White  &  Long,  now 
postmaster  of  Charlottesville,  and  Louise,  wife  of  Colonel  Hun- 
ter Pendleton  of  the  Virginia  Military  Institute.  Of  his  second 
marriage  three  children  survive — Henrietta,  wife  of  Dr.  Wil- 
liam Bryan  of  the  United  States  Marine  Corps,  Joan,  wife  of 
Professor  George  L.  Bardin,  of  the  Virginia  Military  Institute, 
and  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Dr.  Charles  W.  Beauchamp  of  Char- 
lottesville. 

Judge  White  was  intensely  practical  and  intensely  sympa- 
thetic. As  a  judge,  he  wasted  no  time  with  the  refinements  and 
technicalities  of  the  law,  but  brushing  these  aside,  looked 
straight  ahead  for  the  right  of  the  cause.  He  was  patient  and 
forbearing  with  the  older  lawyers,  and  kind  and  sympathetic 
with  the  younger,  but  allowed  nothing  to  stand  in  the  way  of 
plain  simple  justice  to  the  litigants  in  his  court. 


H.  QUINT  S.  WILLIAMS. 

H.  Quint  S.  Williams  was  a  member  of  Company  K,  Second 
Virginia  Cavalry,  and  served  with  distinction  throughout  the 
war.  He  was  wounded  at  Yellow  Tavern,  Front  Royal,  and  at 
High  Bridge.  His  brother,  J.  Edward  Williams,  served  in  the 
same  company,  and  was  badly  wounded  at  Fisher's  Hill.  They 
were  men  of  sterling  character  and  highly  esteemed  by  the  com- 
munity in  which  they  lived. 


BENJAMIN  BOWLES  WILLS. 
BY  His'  NIECE,  C.  ELL  WILLS. 

Benjamin  Bowles  Wills  was  born  at  "Woodlawn,"  Fluvanna 
County,  Virginia,  August  23rd,  1832,  and  died  December  llth, 
1915.  His  parents  were  Miles  Cary  Wills  and  Rebecca  Mit- 
chell Bowles  Wills. 

When  a  young  man  he  went  to  Mississippi  and  became  a 
Southern  planter  of  ante-bellum  days,  but  came  back  to  his  na- 
tive state  at  the  first  call  to  arms.  After  the  war  he  served  as 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  149 

colporteur  for  the  Baptist  Association  of  Virginia  for  many 
years,  and  later  purchased  a  farm  near  Charlottesville  where 
his  declining  years  were  spent.  During  these  last  years  he  was 
especially  active  in  Christian  work  at  the  Woolen  Mills  Union 
Chapel,  and  the  stone  erected  at  his  grave  by  the  Chapel  bears 
silent  testimony  to  the  love  and  esteem  of  his  fellow  workers. 
"Ben,"  as  he  was  affectionately  called  by  his  friends,  served 
during  the  entire  four  years  of  the  war.  He  went  in  with  Car- 
rington's  Battery,  and  when  that  officer  was  captured  at  Spottsyl- 
vania  Court  House,  Captain  Garber  succeeded  him.  Mr. 
Charles  Sinclair  and  Mr.  Malcolm  Mclntire,  much  younger  than 
he,  were  especially  loved  by  "Ben,"  and  it  was  against  his  judg- 
ment and  advice  that  Mr.  Mclntire  went  with  a  foraging  expe- 
dition, fell  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy,  and  was  not  heard  of 
for  a  year. 


FREDERICK  MILES  WILLS. 
BY  C.  ELL  WILLS. 

Frederick  Miles  Wills,  son  of  Miles  Gary  Wills  and  Rebecca 
Mitchell  Bowles  Wills,  was  born  at  "Woodlawn"  near  Wil- 
mington, Fluvanna  County,  Virginia,  August  14th,  1833.  On 
February  13th,  1861,  at  "The  Barracks,"  he  was  married  to 
Sallie  Harriett  Burnley,  daughter  of  Dr.  William  Rice  Burn- 
ley and  Cornelia  Dabney  Davis  Burnley,  both  of  Albemarle. 

In  1849  he  came  to  Charlottesville  and  entered  the  drug  busi- 
ness, in  which  he  continued  for  over  sixty  years,  until  his  death 
November  8,  1912,  but  he  found  time  to  be  in  every  sense  a 
loyal  citizen  a  devoted  friend,  a  public  servant,  and  a  true  and 
fearless  Christian  gentleman  of  the  highest  type. 

As  a  druggist,  he  was  exempt  from  military  service.  Never- 
theless he  was  in  the  army  for  possibly  two  years,  serving  as 
First  Sergeant  of  the  Albemarle  Light  Horse,  Second  Virginia 
Cavalry,  commanded  by  Captain  Eugene  Davis,  the  regiment 
and  brigade  being  under  the  commands  of  Colonel  Munford  and 
General  Wickham,  respectively.  In  this  short  period  the  names 
of  his  comrades  became  indelibly  engraved  on  his  memory,  and 


150  SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD 

a  few  hours  before  his  death  the  watchers  heard  names,  strange 
to  them,  called  as  rapidly  and  clearly  as  if  with  the  roll  before 
him  in  the  eventful  days  of  the  war. 


.    C.  H.  WINGFIELD. 

C.  H.  Wingfield  was  the  son  of  Anderson  Wingfield.  He 
enlisted  in  Company  A,  Nineteenth  Virginia  Infantry,  as  a  ser- 
geant, and  continued  in  the  service  until  the  close  of  the  war. 
He  was  a  fine  soldier.  He  was  engaged  in  the  mercantile  busi- 
ness after  the  war  in  Charlottesville,  where  he  died. 


LLEWELLYN    WOOD 
BY  Miss  NAN  D.  WOOD. 

Llewellyn  Wood  was  born  near  Earlysville,  Virginia,  Septem- 
ber 25th,  1843.  When  sixteen  years  of  age  he  went  to  Char- 
lottesville, where  he  was  employed  in  the  hardware  store  of 
Lobbin  &  Company. 

He  volunteered  in  the  Confederate  army  February  8th,  1862. 
going  to  Richmond  with  the  Heavy  Artillery,  which  was  later 
converted  into  the  Fifth  Virginia  Cavalry,  commanded  by 
Colonel  Reuben  Boston.  Shortly  after  this  he  was  made  First 
Sergeant  of  Company  I,  which  office  he  held  until  the  end  of 
the  war.  He  was  twice  taken  prisoner,  first  at  Yellow  Tavern, 
and  again  at  Aldee.  As  to  his  bravery  and  faithfulness  as  a 
Confederate  soldier,  it  was  never  questioned. 

In  1876  he  engaged  in  business  on  his  own  account  and  contin- 
ued it  until  1902,  when  he  was  made  secretary  of  the  Charlottes- 
ville &  Albemarle  Raihvay  Company,  which  position  he  held 
until  his  death. 

Soon  after  his  arrival  in  Charlottesville  he  associated  him- 
self with  the  Baptist  Church,  and  was  for  many  years  a  deacon 
of  that  church.  He  delighted  in  working  in  mission  chapels, 
first  teaching  for  several  years  in  the  Woolen  Mills  Chapel,  then 
taking  up  the  same  work  at  Rose  Hill  Chapel.  He  continued 
this  work  until  the  time  of  his  death. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  DEAD  151 

He  was  greatly  interested  in  all  matters  pertaining  to  the 
Confederacy  and  was  for  many  years  Adjutant  of  the  John 
Bowie  Strange  Camp. 

He  died  at  his  home  in  Charlottesville,  Virginia,  January  6th, 
1912. 

JOHN  F.  YANCEY. 

John  F.  Yancey  was  the  son  of  Alexander  Yancey,  and  lived 
near  Hillsboro,  in  Albemarle  County.  He  enlisted  in  Company 
K,  Nineteenth  Virginia  Infantry,  and  served  during  the  four 
years  of  the  war,  participating  in  the  battles  of  Second  Ma- 
nassas,  Cold  iHarbor,  and  other  engagements.  His  occupation 
was  farming.  He  was  a  fine  citizen  and  a  worthy  man. 


Sketches  of  the  Living. 

COLONELS. 

COLONEL  C.  S.  PEYTOX. 
BY  C.  B.  LINNEY. 

Colonel  C.  S.  Peyton  was  born  and  reared  in  Albemarle 
County,  Virginia,  and  entered  the  Confederate  army  in  1861  as 
Captain  of  Company  E,  Nineteenth  Virginia  Infantry.  He  lost 
an  arm  at  the  Second  Battle  of  Manassas,  and  although  se- 
verely wounded  in  Pickett's  charge  at  Gettysburg,  took  com- 
mand of  Garnett's  Brigade,  being  the  only  field  officer  left  in  the 
brigade.  Being  incapacitated  for  further  field  service,  he  was 
detailed  as  enrolling  officer,  and  did  fine  service  at  Lynchburg, 
Staunton  and  Charlottesville.  He  was  a  brave  and  fearless  sol- 
dier and  highly  esteemed  for  his  many  social  qualities  and  for 
his  good  citizenship. 

MAJORS. 

MAJOR  CHANNING  MOORE  BOLTON. 

Channing  Moore  Bolton  was  born  in  Richmond,  Virginia,  the 
24th  day  of  January,  1843.  His  parents  were  Dr.  James  Bol- 
ton and  Anna  Maria  (Harrison)  Bolton. 

He  entered  the  University  of  Virginia  in  1860,  but  in  the 
spring  of  1861  joined  the  University  Company,  Captain  Tosh 
commanding.  Before  the  close  of  the  session  he  left  and  re- 
ported to  Colonel  Charles  Talcott,  Chief  of  Engineers  for  State 
of  Virginia,  and  was  assigned  by  him  to  the  charge  of  the  de- 
fenses of  Richmond.  Shortly  afterwards  he  was  made  Lieuten- 
ant of  Engineers  and  placed  in  charge  of  several  important  pieces 
of  work  for  the  army.  Later  he  was  assigned  to  the  staff  of  Ma- 
jor General  Pender  and  was  with  him  when  the  latter  received 


CHANNING  M.  BOLTON 
Lieut.  Army  of  Northern  Virginia 

Civil  and  Military  Engineer 
Past  Commander  John  Boivie  Strange  Camp,  C.   V. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING  153 

his  mortal  wound  at  Gettysburg.  After  Gettysburg  he  was  on 
the  staff  of  General  Chadmas  Wilcox  when  he  took  command  of 
the  division.  He  was  in  all  the  battles  in  which  that  division 
participated  until  the  spring  of  1864,  when  he  was  ordered  to  re- 
port to  the  First  Regiment  of  Engineer  Troops. 

This  regiment  acted  as  infantry  in  opposing  General  Grant's 
movement  against  Petersburg  in  1864.  In  January,  1865,  he 
was  ordered  to  North  Carolina  on  special  service  and  remained 
there  until  the  surrender. 


MAJOR  WILLIAM  PEAKE. 

William  Peake  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  on  the  21st 
ciay  of  April,  1861,  in  Company  D,  First  Virginia  Infantry.  He 
was  transferred  to  Company  G,  Fourth  Virginia  Cavalry,  and 
detailed  to  Fitzhugh  Lee's  headquarters  the  day  afterwards. 
He  served  with  Lee  until  wounded  near  Winchester.  Recover- 
ing from  his  wound,  he  returned  to  his  company  and  continued 
with  it  until  thirty  days  before  the  surrender,  when  he  was  sent 
home  to  procure  a  horse.  The  horse  provided,  he  reached  his 
command  the  day  of  the  surrender.  With  six  others  of  his  com- 
pany he  left  to  join  General  Johnson's  army,  but  was  ordered 
back  from  Danville  to  gather  up  recruits  from  those  who  had 
not  surrendered. 

He  was  at  the  battles  of  Bull  Run,  First  Manassas,  and  prac- 
tically all  the  engagements  in  which  the  cavalry  participated,  ex- 
cept the  Maryland  campaign. 


CAPTAINS. 
CAPTAIN  L.  S.  MARYE. 

Captain  Lawrence  S.  Marye  was  captain  of  a  Company  of 
Light  Artillery  (The  Hampden  Artillery)  and  was,  during  the 
first  year  of  the  war,  in  Fayette  and  Kanawha  Counties  (now 
West  Virginia),  his  company  being  attached  to  the  command 
of  Major  General  Loring. 

His  company  was  not  engaged  in  any  serious  battle  during 


154  SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING 

this  campaign,  though  there  was  a  slight  affair,  amounting  to 
but  little  more  than  a  skirmish,  at  Fayette  Court  House. 

In  the  second  year  of  the  war  he  was  appointed  captain  in 
the  Ordnance  Department,  and  assigned  first  to  the  division  of 
General  Jubal  A.  Early  and  afterwards  to  the  division  of  Gen- 
eral Edward  Johnson,  and  was  in  most  of  the  battles  fought  be- 
tween the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia  and  the  Federal  armies 
during  the  war. 


CAPTAIN  HENRY  CLAY  MICHIE. 

Henry  Clay  Michie  was  born  in  Albemarle  County.  Virginia, 
on  the  9th  day  of  January,  1842.  He  entered  the  military  serv- 
ice of  the  state  of  Virginia,  April  17th,  1861,  in  the  Southern 
Guard,  a  company  of  students  of  the  University  of  Virginia. 
After  serving  about  two  weeks  at  Harper's  Ferry,  this  company 
was  ordered  back  to  the  University  and  disbanded.  He  imme- 
diately entered  the  Confederate  service  and  served  to  the  end 
of  the  war  as  private,  second  sergeant,  first  sergeant,  first  lieu- 
tenant and  captain.  He  was  not  absent  from  his  regiment,  the 
Fifty-sixth  Virginia  Volunteer  Infantry,  from  October.  1862.  to 
March,  1865,  two  and  one-half  years,  unless  in  a  hospital  or 
Federal  prison.  He  was  wounded  in  the  battle  of  Gaines's  Mill, 
June  27th,  1862,  and  again  at  Second  Manassas,  August  30th, 
1862.  He  was  slightly  wounded  and  taken  prisoner  in  the 
charge  of  Pickett's  division  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  July 
3rd,  1863.  Since  the  close  of  the  war  he  has  been  Commander 
of  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp,  Confederate  Veterans,  Brigadier 
General  of  the  Third  Virginia  Brigade,  United  Confederate 
Veterans,  and  is  now  (1919)  Brigadier  General  of  the  Fourth 
Virginia  Brigade,  United  Confederate  Veterans. 


CAPTAIN  WILLIAM  W.  MINOR. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  the  son  of  William  W.  Minor 
of  Gale  Hill  and  Mary  Waters  Terrel,  his  wife.  He  was  born 
February  2nd,  1840,  and  was  educated  at  Ridge  way  School  and 


H.  CLAY  MICHIE 

CAPT.  Co.  H,  56TH  VA.  INF.,  C.  S.  A. 

BRIG.  GEN.  4TH  VA.  BRIGADE,  N.  C.  V. 

Past  Commander  John   Bowie   Strange  Camp 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING  155 

the  University  of  Virginia,  leaving  the  latter  institution  April 
17th,  1861,  as  a  private  in  the  Southern  Guard,  one  of  the  infan- 
try companies  organized  and  trained  in  the  fall  of  1860.  They 
first  saw  service  at  Harper's  Ferry,  but  in  a  short  time  were  dis- 
banded by  Governor  Letcher,  some  returning  to  the  University 
of  Virginia  to  complete  their  course,  but  most  of  them  re-enter- 
ing the  Confederate  service  at  once.  Among  the  latter  was  the 
subject  of  this  sketch,  who,  with  John  B.  Magruder  and  Wil- 
liam L.  Randolph,  recruited  a  company  of  infantry  in  Albe- 
marle,  Fluvanna  and  Greene  Counties,  of  which  he  was  elected 
First  Lieutenant.  He  served  as  such  with  his  company,  known 
as  Company  H,  Fifty-seventh  Virginia  Regiment,  Armistead's 
Brigade,  Pickett's  Division,  till  after  the  Seven  Days  Battle  near 
Richmond,  when  he  received  a  commission  as  captain  in  a  com- 
mand then  being  raised  in  Southwest  Virginia  and  East  Tenn- 
essee. He  was  made  ordnance  officer  in  the  Department  of  West 
Virginia  and  served  in  this  capacity  under  General  Sam  Jones, 
General  Breckenridge  and  General  Echols,  at  different  points  in 
this  department  from  1862  till  the  end  of  the  war  in  1865.  In 
April,  1864,  he  was  married  to  Mary  Elizabeth  Howe,  daughter 
of  Wm.  H.  and  Mary  M.  Howe,  of  Wythe  County,  Virginia, 
with  whom  he  lived  forty-six  years,  till  her  death.  He  has 
spent  his  life  as  a  farmer  and  fruit  grower,  and  as  an  active 
member  and  elder  of  the  Bethel  Presbyterian  Church,  in  whose 
interest  he  is  still  a  diligent  worker. 


LIEUTENANTS. 
MILTOX   WYLIE  HUMPHREYS. 

At  the  age  of  sixteen  Milton  Wylie  Humphreys  voltunteered 
in  the  Liberty  Hall  Volunteers.  This  was  in  the  spring  of  1861, 
at  Washington  College,  Lexington,  Virginia.  That  company  be- 
ing temporarily  disbanded,  he  enlisted  in  the  Monroe  Artillery, 
better  known  as  Bryan's  Battery,  13th  Battalion,  Virginia 
Light  Artillery.  He  served  in  West  Virginia  until  1864.  He 
was  in  several  engagements  in  May  and  June  of  that  year, 
in  the  Lynchburg  campaign.  In  July.  1864.  the  Valley  cam- 


156  SKETCHES  OF  THE   LIVING 

paign  began  under  General  Early,  and  Humphreys  took  part 
in  every  engagement  in  which  his  battalion  or  battery  partici- 
pated, except  during  thirty  days  spent  on  detail  arresting  de- 
serters. 

His  command  was  detached  at  the  time  Richmond  fell,  and 
joined  General  Echols  at  Dublin.  When  the  news  of  Appo- 
mattox  was  received,  he  was,  with  all  the  men  under  Echols, 
furloughed  for  two  months,  this  being  the  form  under  which 
that  force  was  really  disbanded. 

He  was  first  a  corporal,  then  sergeant,  and  in  1864,  acting 
lieutenant.  Whatever  position  he  held,  he  always  pointed  guns 
in  battle.  He  devoted  much  study  to  the  art  of  hitting,  and 
gave  instruction  on  gunnery  to  non-commissioned  officers.  On 
several  occasions  he  employed  indirect  fire.  He  also  pointed 
out  the  effect  of  the  earth's  rotation  on  the  motion  of  pro- 
jectiles. An  account  of  his  devices  for  finding  ranges,  correct- 
ing errors,  etc.,  was  published  in  the  Journal  of  the  United 
States  Artillery,  Vol  II,  No.  4. 

Editor's  Note: — Since  the  war  Professor  Humphreys  has  held 
chairs  in  various  universities  in  the  South,  including  the  chair  of 
Greek  at  the  University  of  Virginia.  In  practically  every  field  of 
knowledge  his  information  seems  to  be  accurate  in  its  detail  and 
encyclopedic  in  its  scope. 


DR.  W.  E.  NORRIS. 

W.  E.  Norris  is  a  native  of  Lancaster  County.  Virginia,  but 
was  residing  in  Baltimore,  Maryland,  when  war  was  declared. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Maryland  Guard,  and  enlisted  in  the 
summer  of  1861  with  a  Maryland  company,  commanded  by 
Captain  J.  Lile  Clark  of  Baltimore,  at  that  time  on  duty  at 
Suffolk,  Virginia.  The  company  had  not  then  been  assigned 
to  any  regiment,  but  was  later  made  Company  B  of  the  Twen- 
ty-first Virginia  Infantry,  and  hurriedly  sent  to  the  western 
part  of  Virginia  to  reinforce  General  Garnett.  who  met  dis- 
aster before  assistance  could  reach  him. 

The  regiment  having  been  brigaded  with  other  Virginia  and 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING          •  157 

Tennessee  regiments,  was  marched  to  Valley  Mountain  to  en- 
ter upon  a  campaign  which,  though  marked  by  no  little  priva- 
tion and  suffering,  caused  largely  by  most  unfavorable  weather 
conditions,  resulted  in  no  event  of  military  importance. 

Operations  in  that  quarter  were  abandoned  and  the  brigade 
ordered  to  report  to  General  T.  J.  Jackson  at  Winchester, 
where  .it  arrived  just  in  time  to  take  part  in  the  memorable 
Romney  Campaign,  leaving  Winchester  the  first  day  of  Jan- 
uary, 1862. 

After  the  army  returned  to  the  Valley,  followed  the  battles 
of  Kernstown,  McDowell  and  Front  Royal,  in  which  the  bri- 
gade was  engaged. 

The  day  following  the  last  named  battle,  Company  B  was 
mustered  out  of  service,  its  term  of  enlistment  having  expired. 
W.  E.  Norris  was  then  elected  Lieutenant  of  Company  D, 
Forty-sixth  Virginia  Infantry,  Wise's  Brigade.  This  regiment 
had  been  captured  at  Roanoke  Island,  paroled  on  the  field,  re- 
cently exchanged  and  re-organized  with  George  Norris  of 
Charlottesville,  Virginia,  as  Captain  of  Company  D,  the  for- 
mer captain,  Richard  Crank,  having  declined  to  reenter  the 
service.  The  brigade  was,  for  the  time  being,  held  in  reserve 
at  Chaffin's  farm  near  'Richmond,  but  was  later  sent  to  aid  in 
the  defense  of  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  where  it  remained 
until  General  Grant  began  his  famous  flank  movement  across 
James  River  to  invest  Petersburg.  Here  it  was  engaged  in 
several  battles  before  the  final  establishment  of  the  lines  of  de- 
fense so  long  held.  It  remained  in  this  theatre  of  activities, 
meeting  such  attacks  as  were  made  on  its  front,  including  the 
Battle  of  the  Crater,  until  a  few  days  before  the  retreat,  when 
it  was  moved  to  the  right,  where  it  took  part  in  the  battles  of 
Hatcher's  Run  and  Five  Forks. 

On  the  retreat  it  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Sailor's  Creek 
and  a  number  of  other  affairs  which  were  probably  not  of  suf- 
cient  importance  to  be  called  battles.  Finally  it  came  to  Ap- 
pomattox  and  surrendered. 


158  »      SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING 

CHAPLAINS. 
DR.  GEORGE  LAURENS  PETRIE. 

George  Laurens  Petrie  was  born  in  Cheraw,  South  Carolina, 
February  25th,  1840.  He  was  educated  in  classical  preparatory 
schools,  and  at  Davidson  College,  Oglethorpe  University  and 
Columbia  Theological  Seminary.  He  enlisted  in  the  Confed- 
erate service  as  a  missionary  under  the  direction  of  the  Pres- 
byterian Church,  doing  a  work  similar  to  that  done  by  the  Y. 
M.  C.  A.  in  the  recent  war.  He  was  soon  invited  by  the  Twen- 
ty-second Regiment  of  Alabama  Volunteers  to  become  its 
chaplain.  Accepting  this  call,  he  was  regularly  commissioned 
chaplain  of  that  regiment.  There  being  no  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  Red 
Cross,  nor  trained  nurse  organizations  in  that  day,  a  chaplain 
not  only  preached  as  he  had  opportunity,  and  ministered  to 
the  religious  wants  of  the  men,  but  sought  to  make  himself 
useful  in  a  great  variety  of  ways.  There  was  much  religious 
interest  in  the  army,  and  the  chaplain  was  well  received  and 
found  a  ready  response  to  his  endeavors.  Many  of  the  offi- 
cers of  all  grades  gave  cordial  help  to  the  religious  work. 
Chaplain  Petrie  was  ordained  to  the  ministry  on  a  call  from 
his  regiment,  being  previously  only  a  licentiate.  He  served  un- 
der General  Joseph  E.  Johnston,  then  under  General  J.  B. 
Hood,  and  again  under  General  Johnston.  He  was  in  the  bat- 
tles of  Resaca,  New  Hope  Church,  Kennesaw  Mountain,  Ben- 
tonville  and  Kinston ;  also  in  the  campaign  that  culminated  in 
the  battle  of  Sumter,  South  Carolina,  a  battle  fought  after  the 
surrender,  tidings  of  which  had  not  been  received  at  Sumter 
at  that  time. 

After  the  war  he  taught  a  classical  school  in  Montgomery, 
Alabama,  two  years,  and  was  Professor  of  Latin  at  Oak1and 
College,  Mississippi,  two  years.  He  then  became  pastor  suc- 
cessively of  the  Presbyterian  Church  in  Greenville,  Alabama, 
Petersburg  and  Charlottesville,  Virginia.  At  the  organization 
of  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp,  he  was  elected  Chaplain  of  the 
Camp,  an  office  which,  by  annual  elections,  he  has  held  with- 
out intermission  for  thirty  years. 


GEORGE  L.  PETRIE,  D.  D. 

CHAPLAIN,  C.  S.  A. 

Pastor  Presbyterian  Church  1878-1919 

Charlottesville,  Va. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING  159 

SURGEONS. 
DR.  GEORGE  TUCKER  HARRISON. 

George  Tucker  Harrison,  M.A.,  M.D.,  F.A.C.S.,  was  born 
at  the  University  of  Virginia,  July  23rd,  1835.  He  is  the  son 
of  the  late  Professor  Gessner  Harrison,  LL.D.,  who  was  Pro- 
fessor of  Latin,  Greek  and  Hebrew  in  the  University  of  Vir- 
ginia until  the  school  was  divided  and  he  became  Professor  of 
Latin,  which  position  he  held  when  the  war  cloud  burst  upon 
the  Southern  Confederacy.  Dr.  Harrison,  the  subject  of  this 
sketch,  went  to  Richmond  in  June,  1861,  with  letters  of  intro- 
duction from  his  father  to  Governor  Letcher,  Honorable  James 
A.  Seddon  and  William  H.  Macfarland.  Governor  Letcher 
gave  him  a  note  to  Surgeon  Giteson,  at  that  time,  Chief  Sur- 
geon for  the  State  of  Virginia.  Surgeon  Giteson  at  once  ap- 
pointed him  Assistant  Surgeon,  and  ordered  him  to  report  to 
General  Beauregard  at  Manassas.  By  General  Beauregard  he 
was  referred  to  the  Medical  Director,  who  appointed  him  as 
Assistant  Surgeon  to  the  Twenty- fourth  Virginia^  Regiment, 
commanded  at  that  time  by  General  Jubal  A.  Early,  then  only 
Colonel.  After  the  battle  of  Manassas  Colonel  Early  was  pro- 
moted to  the  rank  of  brigadier  general.  The  successor  of  Gen- 
eral Early  was  William  R.  Terry,  afterwards  brigadier  general. 

Colonel  Terry  was  succeeded  by  Richard  L.  Maury  as 
Colonel.  Maury  served  to  the  end  of  the  war.  The  surgeon 
of  the  Twenty-fourth  Virginia  Infantry  was  Dr.  Neblett.  In 
the  summer  of  1862,  Dr.  Neblett  resigned  on  account  of  ill 
health ;  whereupon,  Assistant  Surgeon  Harrison  was  promoted 
to  the  rank  of  surgeon,  and  held  that  position  until  the  end  of 
the  war,  being  absent  only  when  he  was  on  detached  duty  in 
1864.  The  Twenty-fourth  Infantry  was  composed  principally 
of  men  from  Southwest  Virginia,  who,  as  a  rule,  lived  in  the 
country  and  not  in  towns  or  villages.  Consequently,  when 
measles  broke  out  it  spread  rapidly  through  the  regiment.  As 
a  result,  typhoid  fever  ensued,  and  it  was  very  difficult  to  pro- 
vide proper  places  for  the  care  and  treatment  of  the  patients. 
It  was  impossible  to  procure  tents,  so  it  became  necessary  to 
utilize  two  farm  houses  with  their  barns  and  other  outbuild- 


160  SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING 

ings.  One  of  the  farms  had  been  occupied  by  Germans,  who 
had  abandoned  it.  The  better  way  of  treating  the  typhoid 
cases  proved  to  be  by  distributing  them  among  the  neighboring 
small  farmhouses.  Practically  all  the  cases  sent  to  these  small 
houses  recovered. 


NON-COMMISSIONED    OFFICERS    AND    PRIVATES. 

J.  K.  BARER. 

J.  K.  Baber  entered  the  Confederate  Army  as  a  member  of 
Company  A,  Twenty-second  Virginia  Infantry,  and  served 
three  years.  He  was  captured  at  the  battle  of  Winchester  and 
sent  a  prisoner  of  war  to  Point  Lookout,  Maryland.  He  was 
not  released  until  the  close  of  hostilities.  He  resides  near 
Greenwood,  and  is  engaged  in  farming. 

J.  R.  BATTAILLE. 

J.  R.  Battaille,  a  native  of  Orange  County,  Virginia,  enlisted 
in  the  Confederate  Army,  April  17th,  1861,  as  a  member  of 
Company  C,  Gordonsville  Grays,  known  as  the  "Bloody 
Thirteenth,"  and  served  during  the  war  until  March  27th, 
1865,  when  in  the  midnight  assault  and  capture  of  Fort  Sted- 
man  by  one  hundred  and  twenty  men  of  his  regiment,  he  lost 
an  eye  and  was  in  the  hospital  when  Lee  surrendered  at  Appo- 
mattox.  To  have  been  of  the  number  of  that  immortal  "120" 
is  glory  enough  for  one  soldier.  He  lives  to  bear  his  honors. 

WILLIAM  LEWIS  BEASLEY. 

William  Lewis  Beasley,  son  of  the  late  James  Bennett  Beas- 
ley,  was  born  and  raised  in  Greene  County,  Virginia.  He  vol- 
unteered for  service  April  17th,  1864,  being  only  seventeen 
years  of  age.  He  enlisted  in  Company  C,  Fourth  Virginia  Cav- 
alry, and  saw  service  at  Cold  Harbor,  Five  Forks,  Chapin 
Farm  and  in  many  other  battles.  He  was  with  General  Lee  at 
the  surrender  at  Appomattox,  April  9th.  1865. 


BARTLETT  BOLLING 

Co.  D,  43RD  VA.  CAVALRY,  C.  S.  A. 
Commander  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING  161 

LOUIS  W.  BELLAMY. 

Louis  W.  Bellamy,  son  of  Arthur  Bellamy,  resided  near  the 
University  of  Virginia  at  the  beginning  of  the  war  and  en- 
listed in  Company  B,  Nineteenth  Infantry,  in  1862,  and  con- 
tinued in  the  service  until  March  9th,  1863,  when  by  a  railroad 
accident  he  lost  his  left  leg  and  was  incapacitated  for  further 
service.  He  resides  near  Keswick. 

JOHN  L.  BLAKE. 

John  L.  Blake,  son  of  the  late  George  S.  Blake  of  Albemarle 
County,  enlisted  in  the  Civil  War,  March  1st,  1864,  at  Char- 
lottesville,  as  a  member  of  Company  B,  Second  Virginia  Bat- 
talion of  Infantry.  He  served  with  said  company  until  about 
March  1st,  1865,  and  participated  in  several  of  the  battles 
fought  around  Richmond.  He  was  then  transferred  to  the 
Second  Richmond  Howitzers,  Colonel  Cutshaw's  Battalion. 


BARTLETT  BOLLING. 

Bartlett  Boiling  was  born  in  Petersburg,  Virginia,  Februarv 
6th,  1845.  He  entered  the  Confederate  service  in  1863,  enlist- 
ing in  the  Forty-third  Battalion  of  Cavalry,  Company  D, 
Mosby's  Rangers.  He  was  wounded,  made  prisoner  and  held 
at  Harper's  Ferry,  Wheeling,  Camp  Chase,  and  Fort  Delaware. 
After  six  months'  imprisonment,  he  was  exchanged  and  re- 
turned to  his  command.  He  participated  in  many  battles, 
among  them  being  Mt.  Carmel,  Charleston,  Berryville,  Ham- 
ilton, and  numerous  raids,  the  activities  of  his 'command  con- 
tinuing unabated  until  Lee's  surrender  at  Appomattox. 

In  Alexandria,  Virginia,  May  4th,  1881,  he  was  united  in 
marriage  with.  Meta  Lomax  Stuart,  daughter  of  Colonel 
Charles  E.  Stuart,  attorney-at-law,  and  Roberta  Lomax.  Dur- 
ing the  same  year  he  made  his  home  in  Albemarle  County. 

His  sons — Albert  S.,  attorney-at-law,  Charlottesville,  and 
Douglass  T.,  a  student  at  the  University  of  Virginia — volun- 


162  SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING 

terred  for  the  World  War,  wearing  the  khaki  until  mustered 
out  in  June,  1919.  Albert  S.,  enlisted  in  July,  1918,  receiving 
his  commission  as  a  lieutenant  of  infantry,  and  serving  as  such 
until  honorably  discharged.  Douglass  T.,  first  served  with  the 
French  army  as  a  volunteer  ambulance  driver,  from  August, 

1916,  until  the  spring  of  1917,  when  he  returned  home  and  en- 
tered the  service  of  his  country.     He  was   later  commissioned 
a  first  lieutenant  of  infantry  and  assigned  to  Company  G,  317th 
Infantry,  with  which  organization  he  served   from   September, 

1917,  to  June,  1919,  one  year  of  which  time  this  regiment  was 
with  the  American  Expeditionary  Forces  in  France. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  is  a  son  of  the  late  Colonel  Rob- 
ert B.  Boiling,  attorney-at-law,  and  Sarah  Melville  Minge,  of 
"Center  Hill,"  Petersburg,  Virginia. 


JAMES  M.  BROWN. 

James  M.  Brown  was  a  son  of  Clifton  R.  and  Parthenia 
Brown,  of  Charlottesville,  Virginia.  He  entered  the  Confed- 
erate army  as  a  private  in  Company  F,  Nineteenth  Virginia 
Infantry,  at  the  beginning  of  the  war,  participating  in  the  bat- 
tles of  Williamsburg,  Seven  Pines  and  the  Seven  Days  fight 
around  Richmond.  In  the  battle  of  South  Mountains,  Mary- 
land, he  lost  his  right  arm,  which  incapacitated  him  for  further 
service. 

JOHN  P.  CARTER. 

John  P.  Carter  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  in  May, 
1862,  in  Company  K,  Second  Virginia  Cavalry.  He  lost  his 
leg  in  the  Second  Battle  of  Cold  Harbor  in  1864.  He  resides 
in  Charlottesville,  Virginia,  and  has  followed  the  business  of 
shoemaking  industriously  since  the  war. 


LEROY  WESLEY  Cox 

COLOR  BEARER  46TH  VA.  INF.,  C.  S.  A. 

Supply   Co.   and  Regt. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING  163 

LEROY  WESLEY  COX. 

Leroy  Wesley  Cox,  born  November  22nd,  1845,  is  probably 
the  youngest  man  in  this  section  who  served  on  the  firing  line 
throughout  the  four  years  of  the  War  between  the  States.  He 
enlisted  in  May,  1861,  in  the  Border  Guard,  commanded  by  Cap- 
tain R.  G.  Crank,  in  Charlottesville,  Virginia.  The  members 
of  this  company  were  mustered  into  Wise's  Legion  at  Lewis- 
burg,  Virginia,  June  23rd,  1861.  Later,  after  the  fall  of  Roa- 
noke  Island,  L.  W.  Cox  came  home  and  enlisted  in  the  Char- 
lottesville Battery  of  Field  Artillery,  commanded  by  Captain 
J.  McDowell  Carrington,  where  he  served  as  "number  one"  at 
the  gun. 

On  Sunday  morning,  June  8th,  1862,  L.  W.  Cox,  with  three 
other  privates,  Gardner,  Goodwin  and  Shreeve,  played  a  very 
important  part  in  checking  the  enemy,  thus  saving  the  bridge 
at  Port  Republic. 

After  Carrington's  Battery  was  captured  on  May  12th,  1864, 
at  Spottsylvania,  he,  with  George  M.  Cochran  and  - 
Pinckney,  served  on  General  Long's  staff  as  orderlies  until 
after  Early's  campaign  down  the  Valley  and  into  Maryland. 
He  then  rejoined  his  old  command,  Company  D,  Forty-sixth 
Virginia  Regiment,  Wise's  Brigade,  while  that  organization 
was  in  the  ditches  at  Petersburg.  Later  he  was  placed  on  the 
.  color  guard,  and  still  later  served  as  color  sergeant,  thus  serv- 
ing on  the  firing  line  from  start  to  finish. 


R.  L.  DOBBINS.* 

R.  L.  Dobbins  was  from  Cumberland  County,  Virginia,  and 
enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  as  a  private  in  Company  A, 
Nineteenth  Virginia  Infantry,  serving  four  years.  He  made  a 
fine  record  as  a  soldier,  and  after  the  war,  lived  in  Charlottes- 
ville, where  he  followed  his  trade  as  a  shoemaker.  He  now 
lives  in  Cumberland  County,  Virginia. 


*Died  since  this  sketch  was  written. 


164  SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING 

WILLIAM  RICHARD  DUKE. 
BY  W.  R.  DUKE. 

William  Richard  Duke,  the  son  of  Colonel  R.  T.  W.  Duke 
and  Elizabeth  Eskridge,  his  wife,  was  born  at  Lewisburg,  Vir- 
ginia (now  in  West  Virginia)  July  1st,  1848. 

His  services  to  the  Confederacy  consisted  in  going  out  with 
the  Home  Guards  in  July,  1863,  during  the  Gettysburg  Cam- 
paign, when,  with  others,  he  was  stationed  at  Gordonsville  to 
keep  off  raiders. 

Again,  in  1864,  he  was  stationed  on  the  north  side  of  Monti- 
cello  Mountain,  guarding  the  Virginia  Central  Railroad  (now 
the  C.  &  O.)  bridge  across  Moore's  Creek  and  the  Rivanm. 
River. 

To  his  sorrow  he  was  not  in  the  regular  service.  He  was 
the  oldest  child,  and  his  father  being  in  the  service  during  the 
whole  period  of  the  war,  it  was  necessary  for  him  to  stay  at 
home  and  help  care  for  the  family. 

He  was  not  seventeen  years  old  until  after  the  close  of  the 
war. 

J.  E.  GIBSON. 

J.  E.  Gibson,  son  of  Ballard  E.  Gibson,  entered  the  Confed- 
erate Army  in  April,  1861,  in  Company  A,  Monticello  Guard. 
Nineteenth  Virginia  Infantry,  and  participated  in  the  first  bat- 
tle of  Manassas.  He  was  afterwards  disabled  for  active  serv- 
ice in  the  field  and  was  discharged  from  the  army  at  Char- 
lottesville.  He  reenlisted  in  Captain  Mallory's  Company  of 
Reserves  and  was  in  this  company  until  the  close  of  the  war. 

W.  G.  GILLESPIE. 

W.  G.  Gillespie  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  from  Al- 
bemarle  County  in  June,  1861,  in  Company  D,  Forty-sixth  Vir- 
ginia Infantry.  He  was  in  the  Scarry  Creek  battle  in  Kanawha 
Valley  Campaign.  He  was  captured  at  Roanoke  Island,  and 
after  being  exchanged,  participated  in  the  fight  at  Dunlap  Sta- 


W.   R.  DUKE 

SECOND  LT.   COMMANDER 

John  Bowie  Strange  Camp 


JOHN  Z.  HOLLADAY 
Co.  K,  SRD  VIRGINIA  CAVALRY,  C.  S.  A. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING  165 

tion  on  the  Hewlett  Line.  He  was  in  all  the  engagements  around 
Petersburg  and  at  Hatcher's  Run.  He  was  again  captured  at 
Sailor's  Creek,  Thursday  preceding  the  surrender,  and  re- 
mained at  Point  Lookout  until  June  14th,  1865. 


JAMES  F.  HARLAN. 

James  F.  Harlan,  son  of  B.  F.  W.  Harlan,  of  Nelson  County, 
Virginia,  was  one  of  four  brothers  who  entered  the  Confeder- 
ate army.  He  volunteered  in  Company  B,  Fifty-second  Vir- 
ginia Infantry,  and  was  in  active  service  until  April,  1862, 
when  he  was  disabled  by  reason  of  a  fractured  limb  and  as- 
signed to  light  duty  until  the  fall  of  1864.  He  then  returned 
to  the  regular  army  and  in  December  of  that  year  was  ordered 
to  Petersburg,  where  he  remained  in  the  trenches  until  the 
evacuation.  He  was  captured  and  imprisoned  at  Point  Look- 
out until  June  6th,  1865.  He  resides  in  Charlottesville,  and  is, 
active  in  business  and  in  church  matters. 


JOHN  ZACHARY   HOLLADAY. 
BY  DUPUY  HOLLADAY. 

John  Zachary  Holladay,  son  of  Dr.  Lewis  Littlepage  and 
Jeane  Thompson  Holladay,  was  born  in  Spottsylvania  County, 
July  31st,  1843.  He  was  educated  at  private  schools  and  at 
Hampden-Sidney  College.  At  the  outbreak  of  the  war  he, 
with  the  other  students,  organized  the  "Hampden-Sidney  Boys," 
with  President  J.  M.  P.  Atkinson  as  Captain.  They  were  mus- 
tered into  the  Confederate  service  in  Richmond,  as  Company 
K,  20th  Virginia  Volunteers,  and  were  soon  ordered  to  what  is 
'  now  West  Virginia.  They  fought  McClellan  at  Rich  Moun- 
tain, and  becoming  separated  from  the  command,  with  the  en- 
emy between  them  and  their  friends,  they  were  faced  with  the 
alternative  of  starving  to  death  in  the  mountains,  or  coming  in 
and  surrendering.  They  chose  the  latter,  and  surrendered  at 
Beverly.  After  nine  months'  imprisonment,  Holladay  was  ex- 
changed, and  was  soon  appointed  ordnance  courier  for  Gen- 


166  SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING 

eral  Lee.  He  served  in  this  capacity  until  after  the  battle  of 
Gettysburg.  On  the  retreat  from  Gettysburg  he  rescued  ten 
abandoned  cannon,  dismounted  them,  loaded  them  into  empty 
wagons  in  the  wagon  train,  and  brought  them  to  Virginia.  He 
then  joined  Company  K,  Third  Virginia  Cavalry,  Fitzhugh 
Lee's  Brigade. 

He  has  to  his  credit,  one  killed  single  handed  at  Amelia 
Springs  and  two  at  High  Bridge;  also  five  prisoners  captured 
single  handed  and  eleven  others  with  the  aid  of  an  artillery  of- 
ficer. He  is  the  only  survivor  of  a  squadron  of  cavalry  that 
made  the  last  charge  on  Grant's  forces  at  Appomattox;  this 
charge  being  made  after  the  surrender  of  Lee's  army,  and  just 
before  sundown  on  the  9th  of  April.  His  brigade,  being  a  part 
of  Fitzhugh  Lee's  division,  did  not  surrender.  After  the  war 
he  engaged  in  farming  until  he  moved  to  the  University  of  Vir- 
ginia to  educate  his  children. 

Mr.  Holladay  says:  "I  fired  the  first  shot  at  General  Mc- 
Clellan's  army  when  it  advanced  on  Rich  Mountain,  West  Vir- 
ginia, in  June,  1861.  I  also  fired  the  last  shot  at  General 
Grant's  forces  a  few  minutes  before  sundown  on  April  9th, 
1865,  at  Appomattox.  I  did  what  I  could  to  both  start  and 
finish  the  controversy." 


JOHN  N.  JAMES. 

John  N.  James  entered  the  Confederate  army  as  a  member 
of  the  Fifth  South  Carolina  Regiment  of  Infantry,  and  partic- 
ipated in  the  battles  of  First  and  Second  Manassas,  Williams- 
burg,  Sharpsburg,  Seven  Pines,  and  three  days  of  the  Seven 
Days  Battles  around  Richmond.  He  was  wounded  at  Gaines's 
Mill,  but  served  around  Petersburg.  He  was  captured  at  Sail- 
or's Creek  on  the  6th  day  of  April  preceding  the  surrender  at 
Appomattox. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING  167 

JOHN  L.  JARMAN.* 

John  L.  Jarman,  son  of  Dabney  M.  Jarman,  entered  the 
Confederate  army  from  Charlottesville,  Virginia,  in  Company 
B,  Nineteenth  Virginia  Regiment  of  Infantry,  and  served  in 
that  company  for  two  years ;  afterwards  in  Company  D,  Forty- 
ninth  Virginia  Infantry,  until  the  close  of  the  war.  He  was  in 
the  First  Battle  of  Manassas,  Williamsburg,  Seven  Pines, 
Gaines's  Mill,  Malvern  Hill  and  Hatcher's  Run.  He  has  lived 
in  Charlottesville  since  the  war  and  is  active  in  business  and 
church  affairs. 

JOHN  R.  JONES. 

John  R.  Jones  enlisted  at  the  beginning  of  the  war  as  a 
member  of  Company  A,  Fifth  Virginia  Infantry,  Stonewall's 
Brigade.  He  participated  in  the  battles  'of  First  Manassas, 
Kernstown,  Port  Republic,  Cold  Harbor,  Indian  Hill,  Win- 
chester and  Second  Manassas.  He  was  captured  on  North 
Run  and  remained  in  prison  three  months,  making  his  escape 
from  Cumberland,  Maryland.  He  was  with  Rosser  at  New 
Creek  where  he  was  wounded  and  again  captured  and  impris- 
oned at  Elmira,  New  York.  Since  the  war  he  has  resided  in 
Charlottesville. 

CHARLES  BEALE  LINNEY. 

Charles  Beale  Linney  was  born  October  3rd,  1845,  and 
was  reared  in  the  old  ancestral  Gordon  home  in  Orange. 

He  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  as  a  member  of  Com- 
pany D,  Twenty-fifth  Virginia  Infantry,  and  participated  in 
the  battle  of  Yellow  Tavern,  where  the  gallant  Stuart  gave  his 
life  so  heroically  that  he  might  save  the  Capital  of  the  Confed- 
eracy. With  thousands  of  others  he  endured  the  untold  suffer- 
ings and  hardships  of  the  trenches  around  Petersburg,  surren- 
dering with  Lee  at  Appomattox.  But  of  that  eventful  week 
(April  2nd-9th),  the  writer  would  prefer  to  pay  tribute  to  the 


*Mr.  Jarman  died  December  6th,  1919,  after  this  sketch  was  written. 


168  SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING 

memory  of  a  near  kinsman,  James  N.  Beale,  one  of  the  im- 
mortal "one  hundred  and  twenty,"  who  gave  his  young  life  so 
heroically  in  the  midnight  assault  and  capture  of  Fort  Sted- 
man,  and  to  the  boy  soldier  brother,  who  with  Ewell,  at  Sail- 
or's Creek,  fought  the  last  pitched  battle  of  the  war,  surren- 
dering after  all  hope  of  success  was  gone,  to  be  imprisoned  at 
Point  Lookout. 

Recalling  the  dreary  midnight  marches,  with  corn  for  a 
ration,  the  pall  of  gloom  that  settled  over  the  dramatic  scene 
at  Appomattox,  when  strong  men  wept  at  the  loss  of  cherished 
hopes,  the  tramp  homeward,  the  family  meeting  and  story  of 
the  loss  of  son  and  grandson,  a  sacrifice  demanding  more  moral 
courage  than  the  battle,  is,  at  this  distant  day,  like  a  dream 
when  one  awaketh,  and  never  to  be  effaced  from  memory. 


W.  F.  LOBBAN. 

W.  F.  Lobban  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  in  1861  as 
a  member  of  Company  K,  Second  Virginia  Cavalry,  known  as 
the  Albemarle  Light  Horse,  and  served  throughout  the  war. 
He  participated  in  the  First  Manassas  and  in  the  Valley  Cam- 
paign. He  was  taken  prisoner  in  Fauquier  County,  February 
18th,  1864,  and  remained  in  Fort  Deleware  seventeen  months. 
He  was  released  in  June,  1865. 


C.  E.   MAHANES. 

C.  E.  Mahanes  resides  near  Keswick,  Virginia.  He  enlisted 
in  the  Confederate  army  as  a  member  of  Sturdivant's  Battery 
of  Artillery  in  March,  1863,  and  continued  serving  until  the 
close  of  the  war,  surrendering  with  Lee  at  Appomattox.  He 
participated  in  the  battles  around  Petersburg,  where  this  noted 
battery  did  fine  service. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING  169 

AUBURN  MANN. 

BY  GERTRUDE  MANN. 

Auburn  Mann  was  born  in  Albemarle  County,  Virginia, 
near  North  Garden,  on  October  15th,  1838.  He  was  the  eld- 
est son  of  John  P  and  Martha  Suddarth  Mann,  and  a  great- 
grandson  of  Patience  Sumter,  whose  brother,  General  Sumter, 
was  a  great  military  leader  of  his  day,  and  for  whom  Fort 
Sumter,  South  Carolina  was  named.  He  received  his  educa- 
tion at  Gibson's  Academy  in  Albemarle  County,  a  school  con- 
ducted by  "Parson"  Gibson. 

At  an  early  age  he  joined  the  Albemarle  Rangers,  and  was 
a  member  of  this  organization  at  the  beginning  of  the  war. 
He  and  his  brother,  John  P.  Mann,  Jr.,  served  in  the  Confed- 
erate army  from  the  outbreak  of  the  war,  and  later  his  two 
younger  brothers,  LeGrand  and  Richard,  enlisted.  He  first  saw 
active  service  in  the  West  Virginia  Campaign  under  General 
Henry  A.  Wise.  Afterwards  he  was  with  Major  General  J.  E.  B. 
Stuart,  and  at  the  close  of  the  war  with  Company  F,  Tenth 
Virginia  Cavalry,  under  General  W.  H.  F.  Lee,  as  a  member 
of  the  Signal  Corps.  His  brother  John  lost  a  leg  in  the  fighting 
around  Spottsylvania  Court  House,  but  neither  he  nor  his 
other  two  brothers  were  injured,  although  in  some  of  the  big 
battles. 

On  October  22nd,  1866,  he  married  Miss  Virginia  Lightfoot 
Wheeler,  and  from  this  union  two  children  were  born,  Mattie 
Mann  Warwick  and  Gertrude  C.  Mann.  He  was  at  one  time 
in  the  mercantile  business  with  his  father;  but  later  entered  the 
service  of  the  Chesapeake  &  Ohio  Railroad  Company,  where 
he  held  a  clerical  position  until  about  eighteen  years  ago,  when 
he  lost  his  eyesight,  since  which  time  he  has  been  entirely  in- 
capacitated for  active  service  of  any  kind.  At  the  outbreak  of 
the  war  with  Germany  his  three  grandsons,  Linwood,  Auburn 
and  Randolph  Warwick,  were  called  to  the  colors,  but  only  the 
latter  saw  active  service.  It  was  with  pride  that  he  read  that 
General  Pershing  had  said  of  the  Thirty-eighth  Infantry,  Third 
Division  U.  S.  Army,  of  which  his  grandson  was  a  member, 
that  they  had  written  one  of  the  brighest  pages  in  the  annals 
of  the  war  in  the  the  battle  of  the  Marne. 


170  SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING 

P.  H.  MARSHALL. 

P.  H.  Marshall  entered  the  Confederate  army  from  Albe- 
marle  County  in  Company  K,  Albemarle  Light  Horse  Cavalry. 
He  participated  in  practically  all  the  battles  fought  by  this  fine 
company  of  cavalry  until  the  15th  of  February,  1864.  when  he 
was  taken  prisoner.  Making  his  escape  from  Fort  Delaware 
in  September  following,  he  reported  at  Richmond  for  duty. 
He  was  discharged  from  service  upon  the  surrender  of  Lee's 
army. 

T.  R.  MAUPIN. 

T.  R.  Maupin  entered  the  Confederate  army  as  a  member 
of  Sturdivant's  Battery  from  Free  L'nion,  Albemarle  County. 
Virginia-  He  enlisted  May  1st,  1862  and  continued  to  serve 
until  the  close  of  the  war.  He  participated  in  a  number  of 
battles  and  was  slightly  wounded.  After  the  war  he  resided 
at  Free  L'nion  and  engaged  in  farming. 


G.  W.  MAYS. 

G.  W.  Mays  enlisted  in  Company  H,  Nineteenth  Virginia 
Re|fiment  of  Infantry,  and  served  throughout  the  war.  He 
-was  in  many  battles,  and  was  captured  at  Sailor's  Creek,  near 
Farmville,  Virginia,  April  6th,  1865.  He  was  imprisoned  at 
Point  Lookout,  Man-land,  and  pardoned  after  his  release. 


JOHN    P.    MELTON. 

John  P.  Melton  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  at  the  be- 
ginning of  the  war  in  Company  A,  Fluvanna  Artillery,  and 
participated  in  the  battles  fought  by  this  fine  company  of  ar- 
tillery. He  is  an  active  member  of  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp. 


I.    K.    MORAN 

Co.  D,  14TH  VA.  INF'Y,  C.  S.  A. 
Third  Lt.  Comdr.  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING  171 

L.  F.  MELTON. 

L.  F.  Melton  entered  the  Confederate  army  as  a  member  of 
Company  A,  Fluvanna  Artillery,  and  participated  in  the  vari- 
ous battles  in  which  that  company  engaged.  He  was  noted  for 
his  splendid  services  and  soldierly  qualities. 

I.  K.  MORAN. 

I.  K.  Moran,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  was  born  in  Law- 
rence County,  Ohio,  August  12th,  1845,  but  was  reared  among 
the  hills  of  Rockbridge  County,  Virginia.  He  was  a  private  in 
Company  D,  Fourteenth  Regiment,  Virginia  Infantry,  Colonel 
William  H.  White,  Armistead's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division, 
Longstreet's  Corps.  His  father,  Charles  N.  Moran,  was  a 
member  of  the  5th  Regiment,  Stonewall  Brigade. 

With  other  boys  of  the  county  I.  K.  Moran  saw  service  in 
the  Shenandoah  Valley  until  1863,  when  he  was  transferred  to 
field  service  with  the  command  above  mentioned.  He  engaged 
in  its  forced  marches  and  battles  around  Richmond  and  Peters- 
burg, receiving  severe  wounds  in  the  fierce  attack  and  defeat  of 
Butler's  army  at  Drewry's  Bluff  on  May  16th,  1864,  where 
with  the  amputation  on  the  field  of  his  left  leg  above  the  knee, 
his  active  service  as  a  soldier  of  the  Confederacy  came  to  an 
end. 

JOHN    H.    MORRIS. 

John  H.  Morris  enlisted  in  Company  C,  Fourteenth  Virginia 
Infantry,  in  1862,  and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war.  He 
participated  in  Second  Manassas,  Sharpsburg,  Gettysburg, 
Cold  Harbor  and  other  battles,  and  now  resides  in  Charlottes- 
ville. 

JAMES    MASON    MURPHY. 

James  Mason  Murphy  was  born  at  Middleway,  Jefferson 
County,  Virginia,  on  the  21st  day  of  July,  1839,  and  was  edu- 
cated in  the  public  schools  of  Jefferson  County.  At  an  early 


172  SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING 

age  he  went  with  his  brother,  who  was  the  editor  of  the  "Shen- 
andoah  Democrat." 

He  married  Miss  Ellen  Miller,  of  Madison  County,  on  the 
29th  day  of  June,  1863. 

The  following  are  their  children :  Mrs.  Daniel  Harmon,  of 
the  University  of  Virginia ;  Frank  P.  Murphy,  of  Madison, 
W.  Va. ;  James  Edgar  Murphy,  of  Jacksonville,  Fla ;  and  Fred 
M.  Murphy,  of  Springfield,  Ohio. 

At  the  outbreak  of  the  Civil  War  he  enlisted  in  Company 
G,  Tenth  Regiment  of  Infantry,  C.  S.  A.,  and  served  with  that 
company  during  the  entire  war.  He  was  wounded  both  at  the 
First  Battle  of  Manassas  and  at  Chancellorsville. 

After  the  war  he  moved  to  Gordonsville,  where  he  was  ap- 
pointed agent  for  the  Adams  Express  Company.  He  was  sub- 
sequently transferred  to  Charlottesville,  and  resided  there  until 
the  fall  of  1918,  when  he  moved  to  Madison,  Boone  County, 
West  Virginia,  where  he  now  resides. 


W.  W.  NORVELL. 

W.  W.  Norvell  was  a  resident  of  Nelson  County  at  the  be- 
ginning of  the  war  and  enlisted  in  Company  F,  Forty-ninth 
Virginia  Infantry.  He  participated  in  the  battle  of  Williams- 
burg  and  was  wounded  at  Seven  Pines,  losing  his  right  leg. 
Returning  home  he  entered  school ;  but  not  being  satisfied  out 
of  the  service,  he  applied  to  the  government  for  an  assignment 
and  was  sent  to  Chimborazo  Hospital  in  Richmond,  where  he 
remained  until  the  close  of  the  war.  After  the  war  he  re- 
moved to  Charlottesville,  and  has  retained  the  office  of  City 
Constable  since  first  elected. 


GEORGE  W.  OLIVIER. 

George  W.  Olivier,  son  of  Warner  Lewis  Olivier  and  Frances 
Ann  Olivier,  volunteered  in  1862  in  Company  A,  Twelfth  Vir- 
ginia Infantry. 

He    was  at  the    evacuation  of  Norfolk    and  later  with    the 


JAMES  PERLEY 

SERGT.  Co.  A,  19TH  VA.  INF'Y, 
C.  S.  A. 


W.   C.   PAYNE 
Co.  A,  19TH  VA.  INF'Y, 
C.  S.  A. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING  173 

army  of  Northern  Virginia  at  Seven  Pines,  Second  Manassas, 
Fredericksburg  and  Chancellorsville,  at  which  latter  place  he 
was  taken  prisoner.  He  was  thence  carried  to  the  old  Cap- 
itol Prison  in  Washington,  but  after  ten  days  was  exchanged. 
He  was  in  hospitals  in  Richmond  and  Petersburg  for  several 
months.  In  October,  1863,  he  was  transferred  to  Pegram's 
Virginia  Battery,  which  was  ordered  to  North  Carolina  under 
General  Hoke  and  took  part  in  the  capture  of  Plymouth. 

The  battery  was  ordered  to  Petersburg  in  May,  1864,  and 
remained  at  the  front  until  the  evacuation,  April  2nd,  1865. 

He  was  in  several  minor  engagements  on  the  retreat  to  Ap- 
pomattox  and  was  at  the  surrender,  April  9th,  1865. 

During  the  last  seventeen  months  of  the  war  he  never  lost 
a  single  day  from  active  duty. 


W.  C.  PAYNE. 

W.  C.  Payne  joined  the  Monticello  Guard  in  1857  and  re- 
mained a  member  of  that  company  until  1862,  when  he  was 
discharged  from  the  army  by  the  Secretary  of  War  on  account 
of  the  almost  total  loss  of  eyesight  from  typhoid  fever  con- 
tracted in  the  army. 

He  was  with  his  company  at  the  hanging  of  John  Brown  at 
Charles  Town  in  1859.  In  1861  he  left  for  the  front  with  his 
company  and  remained  until  his  discharge  the  latter  part  of 
1862  as  above  stated.  After  the  war  he  joined  the  John  Bowie 
Strange  Camp.  He  attended  the  Confederate  Reunion  in 
Washington  in  June,  1917,  and  in  a  rolling  chair,  headed  the 
Virginia  division,  carrying  in  his  hand,  amid  the  shouts  of 
thousands,  an  old  Confederate  flag  that  had  been  through  the 
battles  of  Northern  Virginia. 


W.  H.  PONTON. 

W.  H.  Ponton  entered  the  Confederate  army  in  1861  from 
Albemarle  County  as  a  member  of  Company  G,  Nineteenth 
Virginia  Infantry.  He  served  with  gallantry  throughout  the 


174  SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING 

war,  participating  in  the  battles  of  Seven  Pines,  Second  Ma- 
nassas,  Williamsburg,  Gettysburg  and  other  engagements.  He 
was  captured  at  Gettysburg  and  remained  a  prisoner  until  the 
close  of  the  war. 


CEPHAS  HEMPSTONE  SINCLAIR. 

Cephas  Hempstone  Sinclair  was  born  near  Charlottesville, 
Virginia,  December  4th,  1847.  His  father  was  George  Sin- 
clair, of  Loudoun  County,  born  in  May,  1806,  and  died  on 
December  31st,  1845.  His  mother  was  Ruth  Anne  Belt,  of 
Montgomery  County,  Maryland,  born  May  12th,  1812,  and 
died  December  17th,  1891. 

C.  H.  Sinclair  joined  the  Staunton  artillery  under  Captain 
Garber  on  December  4th,  1864.  The  Garber  Battery  was  in- 
creased by  the  remnant  of  Carrington's  Battery  of  Charlottes- 
ville, which  escaped  capture  in  May,  1864,  at  the  battle  of  the 
Wilderness.  Says  Mr.  Sinclair  for  himself : 

"While  Garber's  Battery  was  near  Harrisonburg,  Virginia, 
I  joined  it  on  December  4th,  1864,  and  before  the  end  of  Jan- 
uary, 1865,  while  in  winter  quarters  near  Waynesboro,  about 
ten  members  of  the  company  were  permitted  to  take  a  horse 
apiece  from  the  battery  to  winter  near  Charlottesville,  Virginia. 
Early  in  April,  1865,  Lieutenant  Fultz,  of  Garber's  Battery, 
came  to  Charlottesville  and  collected  all  ten  of  us  to  join  Gen- 
eral Lee's  army,  which  was  then  retreating  from  Petersburg. 
We  crossed  the  James  River  at  Scottsville  and  the  next  day 
heard  that  the  Yankee  cavalry  was  between  us  and  the  army. 
We  turned  to  go  by  Lynchburg  but  that  night  were  told  by  a 
passing  soldier  that  General  Lee  and  his  army  had  surrendered 
April  9th.  The  next  day  we  returned  to  Charlottesville." 

"After  taking  the  degree  of  C.M.E.  and  B.  Sc.  in  the  Engi- 
neering School  at  the  University  of  Virginia  in  1873,  I  entered 
the  United  States  Coast  Survey  (afterwards  the  United  States 
Coast  and  Geodetic  Survey)  on  November  14th,  1873,  and 
have  been  associated  with  it  ever  since." 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING  175 

CHARLES  G.   SINCLAIR. 

Charles  G.  Sinclair  entered  the  Confederate  army  as  a 
member  of  the  Charlottesville  Artillery,  Carrington's  Battery, 
in  the  early  part  of  1863,  at  the  age  of  sixteen.  He  partici- 
pated in  the  battle  of  Spottsylvania  Court  House  and  other  en- 
gagements, and  continued  in  active  service  until  the  close  of 
the  war.  He  engaged  in  farming  after  the  war  and  now  re- 
sides in  Charlottesville. 

CURRAN  BRIGGS  SOMERVILLE. 

Curran  Briggs  Somerville,  son  of  Dr.  Walter  and  Mary  H. 
Somerville,  of  Culpeper  County,  Virginia,  is  the  only  sur- 
vivor of  five  brothers  who  were  in  the  Confederate  army. 
He  was  a  corporal  in  Company  F,  First  Regiment  of  Engineer 
Troops,  C.  S.  A.,  and  served  with  his  company  until  the  sur- 
render at  Appomattox,  when  he  was  paroled. 

E.  GRANVILLE  TAYLOR. 

He  was  one  of  the  original  members  of  the  Albemarle  Rifles, 
organized  in  1860,  soon  after  the  John  Brown  raid  at  Harper's 
Ferry.  He  was  a  private  in  the  company  when  it  entered  the 
service  of  the  State  of  Virginia  the  17th  of  April,  1861,  and 
was  still  with  the  company  when  it  became  Company  B  of  the 
Nineteenth  Virginia  Infantry,  being  then  just  a  little  over 
eighteen  years  of  age. 

He  was  continuously  in  active  service  from  that  time  until 
he  was  disabled  in  battle  in  1863. 

With  his  company  and  regiment  he  was  actively  engaged  in 
the  following  battles:  In  1861,  First  Manassas ;  in  1862,  York- 
town  (skirmish)  ;  Williamsburg,  Seven  Pines,  Gaines's  Mill, 
Frazier's  Farm,  Second  Manassas,  Boonesboro,  Sharpsburg, 
Fredericksburg,  and  in  1863,  Gettysburg.  Here  he  was  partially 
disabled  and  placed  on  detached  service  for  the  rest  of  the  war. 
He  was  born  near  Springhill,  Augusta  County,  but  came  to 
Charlottesville  with  his  parents  when  quite  a  small  lad  and  was 
a  primary  pupil  in  the  private  school  of  Thomas  Woodson  on 


176  SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING 

High  Street.  He  attended  various  schools  in  Charlottesville, 
ending  with  two  years  in  the  Albemarle  Military  Institute  un- 
der Colonel  John  Bowie  Strange. 

N.  A.  TERRELL. 

N.  A.  Terrell  enlisted  in  Carrington's  Battery  of  Artillery 
in  April,  1862,  and  joined  General  Jackson  at  Harper's  Ferry. 
His  battery  was  actively  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Port  Repub- 
lic, preventing  the  enemy  from  burning  the  bridge,  and  re- 
ceived high  praise  from  General  Jackson,  who  said,  "  I  am 
glad  to  see  that  you  could  render  me  such  efficient  service  with 
your  raw  recruits."  He  was  afterwards  made  bugler  for  the 
battery  and  promoted  to  Headquarters'  Bugler  of  Cutshaw's 
Battalion.  He  served  in  all  the  battles  of  any  importance, 
namely,  Seven  Day  Battles  around  Richmond,  Fredericksburg, 
Chancellorsville,  Wilderness,  Mine  Run,  Gettysburg,  Bell 
Grove,  Cedar  Creek,  Winchester,  and  closed  his  service  at  Ap- 
pomattox. 

He  is  one  of  the  few  who  did  General  Lee  a  favor  on  the 
battlefield,  and  saw  the  last  shot  fired  on  the  enemy  at  Appo- 
mattox  by  Cumberland  G.  Dodd  of  Poague's  Battalion.  He  is 
now  engaged  in  the  jewelry  business  in  Charlottesville. 

ROBERT  CARSON  VANDEGRIFT. 

R.  C.  Vandegrift  was  a  member  of  the  Monticello  Guard 
when  that  organization  was  ordered  to  the  front  to  take  part 
in  the  War  between  the  States. 

The  guard  became  a  part  of  the  Nineteenth  Virginia  Infan- 
try, Pickett's  Division,  Longstreet's  Corps,  Army  of  Northern 
Virginia. 

After  the  battle  of  Gettysburg  he  was  transferred  and  pro- 
moted to  a  sergeantcy  in  Company  G,  First  Engineers,  Army 
of  Northern  Virginia,  in  which  capacity  he  served  until  the 
surrender  at  Appomattox. 

He  was  with  the  immortal  Lee  at  the  surrender.  He  served 
all  four  years  of  the  war  and  was  wounded  but  once,  and  that 
was  at  the  Second  Battle  of  Manassas. 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING  177 

CHARLES  EDWARD  WATTS. 

I  am  one  of  six  brothers  who.  served  in  the  Army  of  North- 
ern Virginia  in  defense  of  Southern  rights. 

I  enlisted  in  Company  H,  Nineteenth  Virginia  Infantry,  at 
the  time  it  was  organized  and  commanded  by  John  T.  Ellis 
(afterward  Lieutenant  Colonel),  who  was  killed  at  Gettysburg. 

In  the  fall  of  1861,  I  transferred  to  Whitehead's  Company, 
Second  Virginia  Cavalry,  with  which  I  served  in  most  of  the 
raiding,  scouting,  and  fighting  experiences  of  that  company 
until  May  6th,  1864,  when  I  was  disabled  by  a  gunshot  wound 
through  the  body.  I  was  at  First  Manassas  and  received  a 
slight  wound  at  Stevensburg,  where  I  also  had  my  horse  killed. 

In  1865,  being  pronounced  permanently  disabled  for  field 
service,  I  secured,  through  General  Wickham,  a  detail  from  the 
Secretary  of  War  to  "go  to  school,"  with  orders  to  report  at 
Charlottesville. 

G.  S.  WEBB. 

I  was  a  member  of  the  Charlottesville  Band  when  the  war 
broke  out  and  went  to  war  as  a  member  of  Company  A,  Nine- 
teenth Virginia  Regiment,  Monticello  Guard,  and  served  as  a 
member  of  the  band  one  year.  Then  the  band  disbanded,  and 
I  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  same  regiment.  I  was  wounded 
on  the  6th  day  of  April,  1865,  and  was  sent  to  prison  at  Point 
Lookout.  I  left  there  on  the  24th  day  of  June,  1865,  for  home. 

W.  C.  WEBB. 

W.  C.  Webb,  son  of  Captain  Spottswood  Webb,  left  Char- 
lottesville in  April,  1861,  with  the  Monticello  Guard  (of  which 
organization  he  was  already  a  member),  Company  A,  Nine- 
teenth Virginia  Regiment. 

At  Culpeper  Court  House  he  was  detailed  a  member  of  the 
regimental  band,  and  remained  a  member  of  the  same  until  the 
reorganization  of  the  army.  He  then  reenlisted  for  the  war 
and  was  detailed  as  bugler,  with  rank  of  sergeant,  and  contin- 
ued to  serve  in  that  capacity  until  the  surrender  of  the  army  at 
Appomattox  Court  House  in  April,  1865. 


178  SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING 

JOSEPH  N.  WHEAT. 

Joseph  N.  Wheat  served  during  the  Civil  War  in  Company 
D,  Sixth  Virginia  Cavalry,  participating  in  the  battles  of 
Brandy  Station,  Trevillian's,  Stewart's  raid  around  McClellan, 
and  Yellow  Tavern.  He  was  captured  September  19th,  1864, 
at  the  battle  of  Winchester,  and  was  paroled  June  15th,  1865. 

E.  W.  WILKERSON. 

E.  W.  Wilkerson  resided  in  Orange  County  at  the  beginning 
of  the  war  and  enlisted  in  Company  C,  Thirteenth  Virginia  In- 
fantry. This  regiment  was  known  as  the  "Bloody  Thirteenth," 
and  was  reputed  to  be  the  best  regiment  in  the  army.  It  was 
commanded  by  General  A.  P.  Hill,  General  Terrell,  General 
James  A.  Walker,  Colonel  Goodman  and  Colonel  Crittenden. 
Wilkerson  shared  in  this  distinguished  honor,  participating  in 
the  battles  of  Hatcher's  Run,  Winchester,  Cold  Harbor,  Fish- 
er's Hill,  Wilderness  and  Spottsylvania,  and  lives  to  enjoy  this 
honored  and  hard-won  distinction. 

THOMAS  JEFFERSON  WILLIAMS. 

Thomas  Jefferson  Williams,  son  of  David  Williams,  has  re- 
sided in  Charlottesville  for  sixty-two  years  and  is  one  of  our 
oldest  citizens.  He  entered  the  Confederate  army  in  1861  as 
a  member  of  Company  A,  Nineteenth  Virginia  Infantry,  and 
served  the  four  years  of  war.  He  has  been  an  active  member 
of  our  camp  since  its  organization.  He  has  been  chief  of  the 
Charlottesville  Fire  Department  for  many  years  and  holds  the 
unique  position  of  being  the  oldest  fire  chief  known. 

EDWARD  B.  WILLIS. 

Edward  B.  Willis  enlisted  in  the  Richmond  Light  Infantry 
Blues,  Company  A,  Forty-sixth  Virginia  Regiment,  Wise's 
Legion,  in  August,  1861. 

He  was  taken    prisoner,  with  his    command,  in  the  battle  of 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING  179 

Roanoke  Island,  North  Carolina,  February  8th,  1862,  and  was 
paroled  on  the  21st  of  February,  1862,  at  Elizabeth  City,  North 
Carolina.  He  was  exchanged  and  reentered  the  service  in 
August,  1862.  In  1863  he  was  transferred  to  Company  A, 
Fifteenth  Virginia  Regiment,  Corse's  Brigade,  but  was  dis- 
charged from  field  service  that  same  year  on  account  of  physi- 
cal disabilities.  He  was  detailed  to  the  Quartermaster's  De- 
partment under  Major  W.  B.  Richards,  at  Gordonsville,  Vir- 
ginia, in  1864.  Still  later  in  1864  he  was  transferred  to  the 
Quartermaster's  Department  under  Captain  T.  W.  Wood,  at 
Charlottesville,  Virginia,  where  he  remained  until  the  war 
ended  in  April,  1865. 


A.  COKE   WINGFIELD. 

A.  Coke  Wingfield  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  from 
Albemarle  County  in  Company  A,  Nineteenth  Virginia  Infan- 
try, at  the  beginning  of  the  war,  and  served  until  the  close. 
He  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Williamsburg,  First  Manassas 
and  Seven  Pines.  Having  been  wounded  at  Seven  Pines,  he 
was  detailed  for  special  work  at  Charlottesville,  where  he  re- 
mained until  the  surrender.  He  resides  near  Hardware 
Church,  Albemarle  County. 


J.  R.   WINGFIELD. 

J.  R.  Wingfield  was  born  December  14th,  1845.  He  re- 
signed from  the  Virginia  Military  Institute  and  volunteered  in 
the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  Second  Regiment  Virginia 
Cavalry,  Company  E,  about  the  middle  of  April,  1864.  He 
says : 

"After  General  Grant  crossed  the  Rappahannock  I  partici- 
pated in  three  days'  fighting — the  fifth,  sixth  and  seventh  of 
May — our  division  of  cavalry  being  on  General  Lee's  right 
wing. 

"On  the  evening  of  the  seventh  of  May,  General  Grant 
threw  a  heavy  force  of  infantry  which  attacked  us  near  Todd's 


180  SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING 

Tavern,  and  our  line  of  dismounted  cavalry  was  outflanked. 
Colonel  Munford,  in  command  of  our  brigade,  ordered  me  to 
take  his  horse  and  ride  down  the  line  to  give  the  order  to  fall 
back.  In  so  doing  I  was  shot  through  the  right  lung. 

The  regiment  fell  back  immediately  afterwards.  I  became 
a  prisoner  and  was  removed  to  a  field  hospital,  where  I  was 
left,  unparoled,  when  General  Grant  moved  his  army  to  the 
left  in  his  advance  on  Richmond. 

"I  recovered  from  my  wound  sufficiently  to  rejoin  the  army 
the  latter  part  of  .February,  1865,  and  participated  in  the  bat- 
tle of  Five  Forks  and  in  several  minor  engagements,  of  which 
I  can  mention  Amelia  Springs  and  High  Bridge  near  Farm- 
ville,  on  the  retreat  from  Petersburg." 


M.  WALKER  WINGFIELD. 

M.  Walker  Winfield  was  the  son  of  Colonel  F.  F.  Wingfield, 
and  was  one  of  five  brothers  to  enter  the  Confederate  army  at 
the  beginning  of  the  war.  He  enlisted  in  Company  A,  Nine- 
teenth Virginia  Infantry,  and  participated  in  the  battles  of 
First  Manassas,  Williamsburg  and  Seven  Pines.  Having  been 
wounded  at  Seven  Pines,  he  was  detailed  for  special  service  at 
Charlottesville  until  the  close  of  the  war.  He  resides  with  his 
son  in  Charlottesville,  Virginia. 


W.  H.  WOLFE. 

W.  H.  Wolfe  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  in  May,  1861. 
in  Company  I,  Twenty-fourth  Virginia  Infantry,  Kemper's 
Brigade,  Pickett's  Division.  He  was  engaged  in  the  following 
battles:  Williamsburg,  May  5th,  1862;  Seven  Pines,  May  31st, 
1862;  battle  of  Plymouth,  N.  C.,  April  20th,  1863;  Drury's 
Bluff,  in  May,  1864;  Cold  Harbor,  June  3rd,  1864;  Hatcher's 
Run,  March,  1865;  Five  Fork's,  April  1st,  'l865. 

He  was  wounded  at  Seven  Pines  and  disabled  for  several 
months.  At  Five  Forks  he  was  taken  prisoner  and  carried  to 
Point  Lookout,  where  he  remained  a  prisoner  of  war  until 


SKETCHES  OF  THE  LIVING  181 

June    22nd,   when  he   returned    to  Charlottesville,  June    26th, 
1865. 

His  brother,  Luther  T.  Wolfe,  enlisted  in  April,  1861,  in 
Company  B,  Nineteenth  Virginia  Infantry,  Pickett's  Division. 
He  was  in  nearly  every  battle  in  which  his  division  participated 
and  was  badly  wounded  in  the  Second  Battle  of  Manassas,  and 
again  at  Gettysburg.  He  was  promoted  from  the  ranks  to  the 
position  of  Sergeant-Major  for  his  bravery,  which  position  he 
held  until  mortally  wounded  in  the  battle  of  Cold  Harbor,  June 
3rd,  1864,  from  which  wound  he  died  the  following  day. 


Dedication  of  Monuments 


THE   MONUMENT    IN    UNIVERSITY   CEMETERY. 

Extracts 

From  Address  at  the  Dedication  of  the  Monument  to  the 

Confederate  Dead,   University  of  Virginia, 

June  7th,  1893. 

BY  MAJOR  ROBERT  STILES. 

On  the  outskirts  of  the  historic  city  of  Virginia,  between  it 
and  the  great  battle  fields,  out  of  the  midst  of  sixteen  thousand 
graves,  rises  a  simple  granite  shaft  with  this  inscription : 

"The  epitaph  of  the  soldier  who  falls  with  his  country  is 
written  in  the  hearts  of  those  who  love  the  right  and  honor 
the  brave." 

Today,  in  this  silent  camp,  we  unveil  another  sentinel  stone, 
bearing  this  legend: 

"Fate  denied  them  Victory,  but  clothed  them  with  glorious 
Immortality." 

There  is  a  naked  simplicity  and  sincerity  of  right  in  the  man 
who  defends  his  hearth-stone,  which  does  not  belong  to  him 
who  invades  it.  Let'  it  never  be  forgotten  that  this  God-im- 
planted, spontaneous,  irrepressible  right  was  on  our  side  in  the 
late  war,  and  that  it  tore  away  from  their  quiet  studies  here 
and  hurried  to  the  front,  largely  over  one-half  of  the  604  stu- 
dents at  this  institution  in  the  spring  of  1861,  while  there 
joined  the  first  army  of  invasion  but  73  out  of  the  896  students 
on  the  roll  of  great  Harvard  the  same  year.  It  gave  to  the 
Confederate  service,  from  1861  to  1865,  more  than  2,000  men 
of  our  University,  of  whom  it  buried  in  soldiers'  graves  more 
than  400,  while  but  1,040  Harvard  men  served  in  the  armies 
and  navies  of  the  United  States  during  the  four  years  of  the 
war,  and  only  155  of  these  lost  their  lives  in  the  service. 


MONUMENT  TO  THE  FOURTEEN  HUNDRED  CONFEDERATE  DEAD  IN  THE 
CEMETERY  AT  THE  UNIVERSITY  OF  VIRGINIA 


DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS  183 

Lee. 

The  most  eloquent  tongues  and  pens  of  two  continents  have 
labored  to  present,  with  fitting  eulogy,  the  character  and  ca- 
reer of  the  great  Cavalier,  who  is  today  recognized,  the  world 
over,  as  the  representative  of  the  soldiery  of  the  South.  Not 
only  is  it  true  of  him  that  he  uniformly  acted  from  the  high- 
est motive  presented  to  his  soul,  but  so  impressive  and  all- 
compelling  was  the  majesty  of  his  virtue,  that  it  is  doubtful 
whether  any  one  ever  questioned  this.  It  is  perhaps  not  too 
much  to  say,  that  the  common  consensus  of  Christendom- 
friend  and  foe  and  neutral — ranks  him  as  one  of  the  greatest 
captains  of  the  ages,  and  attributes  to  him  more  of  the  noblest 
virtues  and  powers,  with  less  of  the  ordinary  weakness  and 
littleness  of  humanity,  than  to  any  other  representative  man  in 
history. 

Indeed,  if  commissioned  to  select  a  man  to  represent  the 
race,  in  a  congress  of  universal  being,  whither  would  yon  turn 
to  find  a  loftier  representative  than  Robert  Edward  Lee? 

Jackson. 

What,  now,  of  our  marvellous  Roundhead? 

This  certainly,  that  the  world  believes  in  his  intense  religion 
and(  his  supreme  genius  for  war,  and  receives  every  fresh  rev- 
elation of  him  with  something  of  the  profound  and  eager  in- 
terest that  attaches  to  the  abnormal  and  the  miraculous.  In 
explaining  the  apparent  presumption  of  this  humble  contribu- 
tion, I  can  not  avoid  the  egotism  of  a  personal  explanation. 

Probably  no  two  general  officers  in  the  Confederate  service 
knew  more  of  the  inner  being  of  Stonewall  Jackson  and  his 
characteristics  as  a  soldier,  than  General  D.  H.  Hill  and  Gen- 
eral Ewell — the  former  his  brother-in-law,  the  latter  his  trusted 
lieutenant.  It  was  my  privilege  to  be  honored  with  the  per- 
sonal friendship  of  both  these  officers — General  Hill  early  in 
the  war,  General  Ewell  later.  Both  talked  freely  with  me  of 
Jackson  and  I  eagerly  absorbed  from  both  all  I  could  concern- 
ing him. 

General    Hill,  during  the  winter    of   1861-2,   frequently    ex- 


184  DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS 

pressed  to  me  his  unbounded  confidence  in  Jackson's  un- 
bounded genius,  and  predicted  that,  if  the  war  should  last  six 
years,  and  Jackson  live  so  long,  he  would  be  in  supreme  com- 
mand. 

Dear,  queer,  chivalric,  lovable  "Dick  Ewell"  first  worshipped 
Stonewall  Jackson,  and  then  Stonewall  Jackson's  God.  With 
his  own  lips  he  told  me,  what  is  related  with  slight  variation  in 
Mrs.  Jackson's  life  of  her  husband,  that  the  first  religious  im- 
pression of  which  he  was  ever  conscious  took  the  form  of  a 
desire  to  get  hold  of  the  wondrous  power  which  inspired  his 
great  commander  after  prayer.  Elymas  the  sorcerer,  Simon 
Magus,  if  you  please — but  dear  old  Dick's  simony  led  him  up 
to  "pure  and  undefiled  religion."  Ewell  used  to  say  the  secret 
of  Jackson's  success  as  a  soldier  lay  in  his  emphasis  of  the 
maxim,  "Time  is  everything  in  war" — more  than  numbers, 
preparation,  armament — more  even  than  all  these  and  all  else. 

I  am  satisfied  this  is  but  part  of  the  secret. 

My  father  was  a  minister  of  the  gospel,  but  possessed  strong 
military  instincts  and  would  have  made  a  superb  soldier.  He 
was  a  sort  of  chaplain-general  in  the  army  of  Northern  Vir- 
ginia, and  spent  much  of  his  time  and  did  much  of  his  work  in 
the  lightning  corps  of  Jackson.  Being  an  intense  Christian  and 
an  intense  Calvinist,  he  and  Jackson  became  warm  friends, 
and  he  was  much  at  headquarters,  even  in  the  General's  tent. 

I  distinctly  recall  his  saying,  "If  required  to  state  wherein 
Jackson  differed  most  from  other  men,  and  wherein  lay  the 
great  secret  of  his  power,  I  should  say  he  came  nearer  putting 
God  in  God's  place,  than  any  other  human  soul  I  ever  met." 

A  Member  of  the  Stonewall  Brigade. 

During  the  winter  of  1864-5,  two  or  three  of  General  Alex- 
ander's field  officers,  First  Corps  Artillery,  A.  N.  V.,  were  sent 
to  Chaffin's  Bluff,  for  the  purpose  of  toning  up  the  garrison 
there,  which  had  been  demoralized  by  the  disaster  at  Fort  Har- 
rison, the  capture  of  their  commanding  officer  and  other  unto- 
ward incidents.  The  morale  of  the  men  had  decidedly  im- 
proved before  the  final  crash  came,  but  that  was  enough  to  try 


DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS  185 

the  mettle  even  of  the  best  troops  in  the  highest  condition.  The 
men  of  the  fleet  and  of  the  James  River  defenses  were  ordered 
to  leave  the  river  about  midnight  of  the  2nd  of  April,  explod- 
ing magazines  and  iron  clads,  and  joining  the  army  of  North- 
ern Virginia  on  its  retreat.  The  troops  at  Chaffin's,  having 
been  long  in  garrison  and  rightly  deeming  this  the  beginning 
of  the  end,  were  greatly  shaken  by  the  orders,  and  the  sublime , 
terrors  of  that  fearful  night  certainly  did  nothing  to  steady 
them. 

The  explosions  began  just  as  we  got  across  the  river.  When 
the  magazines  at  Chaffin's  and  Drury's  Bluffs  went  off,  the 
solid  earth  shuddered  convulsively ;  but,  as  the  iron  clads,  one 
after  the  other,  exploded,  it  seemed  as  if  the  very  dome  of 
heaven  would  be  shattered  down  upon  us.  Earth  and  air  and 
the  black  sky  glared  in  the  lurid  light.  Columns  and  towers 
and  pinnacles  of  flame  shot  upward  to  an  amazing  height,  from 
which,  on  all  sides,  the  ignited  shell  flew  on  arches  of  fire  and 
burst  as  if  bombarding  heaven.  I  distinctly  remember  feeling 
that,  after  this,  I  could  never  more  be  startled,  no,  not  by  the 
catastrophes  of  the  last  great  day. 

I  walked  in  rear  of  the  battalion  to  prevent  straggling,  and 
as  the  successive  flashes  illumined  the  cimmerian  darkness,  the 
blanched  faces  and  staring  eyes  turned  backward  upon  me 
spoke  volumes  of  nervous  demoralization.  I  felt  that  a  hare 
might  shatter  the  column. 

We  halted  at  daylight  at  a  country  cross-road  in  Chester- 
field, to  allow  other  bodies  of  troops  to  pass,  the  bulk  of  my 
men  lying  down  and  falling  asleep  in  a  grove;  but,  seeing  oth- 
ers about  a  well  in  the  yard  of  a  farm  house  over  the  way,  I 
deemed  it  best  to  go  there,  to  see  .that  nothing  was  unnecessa- 
rily disturbed. 

I  sat  in  the  porch,  where  were  also  sitting  an  old  couple,  evi- 
dently the  joint  head  of  the  establishment,  and  a  young  woman 
dressed  in  black,  apparently  their  daughter,  and,  as  I  soon 
learned,  a  soldier's  widow.  My  coat  was  badly  torn,  and  the 
young  woman  kindly  offering  to  mend  it,  I  thanked  her  and, 
taking  it  off,  handed  it  to  her.  While  we  were  chatting,  and 
groups  of  men  sat  on  the  steps  and  lay  about  the  yard,  the  door 


186  DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS 

of  the  house  opened  and  another  young  woman  appeared.  She 
was  almost  beautiful,  was  plainly  but  neatly  dressed,  and  had 
her  hat  on.  She  had  evidently  been  weeping,  and  her  face  was 
deadly  pale.  Turning  to  the  old  lady  as  she  came  out,  she 
said,  cutting  her  words  off  short,  "Mother!  tell  him  if  he  passes 
by  here,  he  is  no  husband  of  mine,"  and  turned  again  to  leave 
the  porch.  I  rose,  and  placing  myself  directly  in  front  of  her, 
extended  my  arm  to  prevent  her  escape.  She  drew  back  with 
surprise  and  indignation.  The  men  were  alert  on  the  instant, 
and  battle  was  joined. 

"What  do  you  mean  sir?"  she  cried. 

"I  mean,  madam,"  I  replied,  "that  you  are  sending  your 
husband  word  to  desert,  and  that  I  cannot  permit  you  to  do  this 
in  the  presence  of  my  men." 

"Indeed!  and  who  asked  your  permission,  sir?  And  pray, 
sir,  is  he  your  husband  or  mine?" 

"He  is  your  husband,  madam,  but  these  are  my  soldiers. 
They  and  I  belong  to  the  same  army  with  your  husband  and  I 
cannot  suffer  you  or  anyone,  unchallenged,  to  send  such  a 
demoralizing  message  in  their  hearing." 

"Army!  do  you  call  this  mob  of  retreating  cowards  an 
army  ?  Soldiers !  if  you  are  soldiers,  why  don't  you  stand 
and  fight  the  savage  wolves  that  are  coming  upon  us  defense- 
less women  and  children?" 

"We  don't  stand  and  fight,  madam,  because  we  are  soldiers, 
and  have  to  obey  orders,  but  if  the  enemy  should  appear  on 
that  hill  this  moment,  I  think  you  would  find  that  these  men 
are  soldiers,  and  willing  to  die  in  defense  of  women  and 
children." 

"Quite  a  fine  speech,  sir,  but  rather  cheap  to  utter,  since  you 
very  well  know  the  Yankees  are  not  here,  and  won't  be,  till 
you've  had  time  to  get  your  precious  carcasses  out  of  the  way. 
Besides,  sir,  this  thing  is  over,  and  has  been  for  some  time.  The 
government  has  now  actually  run  off,  bag  and  baggage,  the 
Lord  knows  where,  and  there  is  no  longer  any  government  or 
any  country  for  my  husband  to  owe  allegiance  to.  He  does 
owe  allegiance  to  me,  and  to  his  starving  children,  and  if  he 


DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS  187 

doesn't  observe  this  allegiance  now,  when  I  need  him,  he 
needn't  attempt  it  hereafter,  when  he  wants  me." 

The  woman  was  quick  as  a  flash  and  cold  as  steel.  She  was 
getting  the  better  of  me.  She  saw  it,  I  felt  it,  and  worst  of  all, 
the  men  saw  and  felt  it  too,  and  had  gathered  thick  and  pressed 
up  close,  all  around  the  porch.  There  must  have  been  a  hun- 
dred or  more  of  them,  all  eagerly  listening  and  evidently  lean- 
ing strongly  to  the  woman's  side. 

This  would  never  do. 

I  tried  every  avenue  of  approach  to  that  woman's  heart.  It 
was  either  congealed  by  suffering,  or  else  it  was  encased  in 
adamant.  She  had  parried  every  thrust,  repelled  every  ad- 
vance, and  was  now  standing  defiant,  with  her  arms  folded 
across  her  breast,  rather  courting  further  attack.  I  was  des- 
perate, and,  with  the  nonchalance  of  pure  desperation — no 
stroke  of  genius — I  asked  the  soldier  question: 

"What  command  does  your  husband  belong  to?" 

She  started  a  little,  and  there  was  a  slight  trace  of  color  in 
her  face,  as  she  replied,  with  a  slight  tone  of  pride  in  her  voice : 

"He  belongs  to  the  Stonewall  Brigade,  sir."* 

I  felt  rather  than  thought  it,  but  had  I  really  found  her 
heart?  We  would  see. 

"When  did  he  join  it?" 

A  little  deeper  flush,  a  little  stronger  emphasis  of  pride. 

"He  joined  it  in  the  spring  of  '61,  sir." 

Yes,  I  was  sure  of  it  now.  Her  eyes  had  gazed  straight  into 
mine ;  her  head  inclined  and  her  eyelids  drooped  a  little  now, 
and  there  was  something  in  her  face  that  was  not  pain  and 
was  not  fight.  So  I  let  myself  out  a  little,  and  turning  to  the 
men,  said: 

"Men,  if  her  husband  joined  the  Stonewall  Brigade  in  '61, 


*The  Stonewall  Brigade  was,  of  course,  not  so  named  until  after 
the  first  battle  of  Manassas,  and  it  did  not  exist  as  an  organization 
after  May,  1864;  but  men  who  had  at  any  time  belonged  to  one  of 
the  regiments  that  composed  it,  ever  after  claimed  membership  in  the 
brigade.  Among  soldiers  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  and 
yet  more  among  their  families  and  friends,  once  of  "The  Stonewall 
Brigade,"  always  of  that  immortal  corps. 


188  DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS 

and  has  been  in  the  army  ever  since,  I  reckon  he  is  a  good  sol- 
dier." 

I  turned  to  look  at  her.  It  was  all  over.  Her  wifehood  had 
conquered.  She  had  not  been  addressed  this  time. 

Yet  she  answered  instantly,  with  head  raised  high,  face 
flushing,  eyes  flashing. 

"General  Lee  hasn't  a  better  in  his  army." 

As  she  uttered  these  words,  she  put  her  hand  in  her  bosom 
and  drawing  out  a  folded  paper  extended  it  toward  me,  say- 
ing: 

"If  you  doubt  it,  look  at  that." 

Before  her  hand  reached  mine  she  drew  it  back,  seeming  to 
have  changed  her  mind,  but  I  caught  her  wrist,  and,  without 
much  resistence  on  her  part,  possessed  myself  of  the  paper. 
It  had  been  much  thumbed  and  was  much  worn.  It  was  hardly 
legible,  but  I  made  it  out.  Again  I  turned  to  the  men. 

"Take  your  hats  off,  boys.  I  want  you  to  hear  this  with  un- 
covered heads."  And  then  I  read  an  endorsement  on  applica- 
tion for  furlough,  in  which  General  Lee  himself"  had  signed  a 
recommendation  of  this  woman's  husband  for  a  furlough  of 
special  length,  on  account  of  special  gallantry  in  battle. 

During  the  reading  of  this  paper  the  woman  was  transfig- 
ured, glorified.  No  madonna  of  old  master  was  ever  more 
sweetly  radiant  with  all  that  appeals  to  what  is  best  and  holiest 
in  man.  Her  bosom  rose  and  fell  with  deep,  quiet  sighs ;  her 
eyes  rained  gentle,  happy  tears. 

The  men  felt  it  all — all.  They  were  all  gazing  upon  her,  but 
the  dross  was  clean  purified  out  of  them.  There  was  not,  upon 
any  one  of  their  faces,  an  expression  that  would  have  brought 
a  blush  to  the  cheek  of  the  purest  womanhood  on  earth.  I 
turned  once  more  to  the  soldier's  wife: 

"This  little  paper  is  your  most  precious  jewel,  isn't  it?" 

"It  is." 

"And  the  love  of  him  whose  manly  courage  and  devotion 
won  this  tribute  is  the  best  blessing  God  ever  gave  you,  isn't 
it?" 

"It  is." 

"And  yet,  for  the  brief  ecstasy  of  one  kiss,  you  would  dis- 


DEDICATION   OF    MONUMENTS  189 

grace  this  hero  husband  of  yours,  stain  all  his  noble  reputation, 
and  turn  this  priceless  little  paper  to  bitterness ;  for,  the  rear- 
guard would  hunt  him  from  his  own  cottage,  in  half  an  hour, 
as  a  deserter  and  a  coward." 

Not  a  sound  could  be  heard  save  her  hurried  breathing.  The 
rest  of  us  held  even  our  breath. 

Suddenly,  with  a  gasp  of  recovered  consciousness,  she 
snatched  the  paper  from  my  hand,  put  it  back  hurriedly  in  her 
bosom,  and,  turning  once  more  to  her  mother,  said : 

"Mother,  tell  him  not  to  come." 

I  stepped  aside  at  once.  She  left  the  porch,  glided  down  the 
path  to  the  gate,  crossed  the  road,  surmounted  the  fence  with 
easy  grace,  climbed  the  hill,  and,  as  she  disappeared  in  the 
weedy  pathway  I  caught  up  my  hat  and  said : 

"Now  men,  give  her  three  cheers." 

Such  cheers !  O  God !  shall  I  ever  again  hear  a  cheer  which 
bears  a  man's  whole  soul  in  it! 

I  could  have  hurled  that  battalion  against  an  embattled  world. 

The  Monument  Unveiled. 
Comrades : 

We  are  about  to  unveil  a  monument  to  "The  Confederate 
Dead" — but,  one  interesting  feature  of  this  occasion  is  its  ten- 
der association  with  a  Confederate,  thank  God,  yet  living. 

When  little  Sallie  Baker  shall  draw  aside  yonder  veil,  and 
reveal  the  noble  figure  behind*  it,  her  act  will  also  serve  to  re- 
call the  pathetic  figure  of  the  hero  father  to  whose  superb  gal- 
lantry she  owes  her  distinguished  part  in  the  ceremonies  of 
this  hour — comrade  James  B.  Baker,  a  soldier  who  never  fal- 
tered till  he  fell,  and  who  had  borne  his  wounds  as  bravely  as 
he  had  worn  his  sword. 

And  now,  we  leave  this  holy  acre,  we  close  this  holy  hour. 
We  turn  again  to  what  we  call  "life."  We  leave  these  gallant 
brothers  whom  we  call  "dead."  Yes,  leave  them  here  in  silence 
and  with  God. 

God  will  distill  the  gentlest  dews  of  heaven  upon  these  flow- 


190  DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS 

ers.  He  will  direct  the  mildest  stars  of  heaven  upon  these 
graves.  God  and  his  angels  will  guard  their  repose  until  the 
roses  bloom  again,  then  we  will  return  and  renew  our  flowers 
and  our  -faith. 


THE  MONUMENT  IN  COURT  SQUARE. 
BY  J.  H.  LINDSAY. 

The  Confederate  monument  which  stands  in  the  Court  House 
Square,  in  the  City  of  Charlottesville,  was  unveiled  May  5th, 
1909,  the  anniversary  of  the  organization  of  the  Monticello 
Guard  (Company  A,  Nineteenth  Virginia  Regiment). 

One  of  the  largest  crowds  ever  seen  in  Charlottesville  wit- 
nessed the  ceremony,  which  was  preceded  by  a  procession  which 
included  the  local  Masonic  orders,  the  Albemarle  band,  Monti- 
cello  Guard,  Confederate  Veterans,  Sons  of  Veterans,  Univer- 
sity band  and  students,  Fire  Company  with  drum  corps,  and 
1200  children  of  the  public  schools  carrying  Confederate  flags. 
Captain  H.  Clay  Michie  acted  as  general  marshal.  The  exer- 
cises at  the  monument  were  in  charge  of  Widows'  Sons'  Lodge 
No.  60  A.  F.  and  A.  M.  Miss  Sallie  Stuart  Woods,  daughter 
of  Captain  Micajah  Woods,  drew  the  veil  from  the  shaft,  and 
as  she  did  so  the  Monticello  Guard  fired  a  salute,  which  was 
followed  by  a  salute  of  thirteen  guns  fired  from  the  two  twelve 
pound  Napoleon  guns  recently  presented  by  the  U.  S.  Gov- 
ernment, and  placed  on  either  side  of  the  monument. 

Captain  McCarthy's  Speech. 

The  first  speaker  of  the  day  was  Captain  Carlton  McCarthy 
of  Richmond.  Captain  McCarthy  -began  his  address  with  a 
graceful  tribute  to  truth,  upon  which  we  must  rely  since  his- 
toric details  fade  away.  He  claimed  for  the  Confederate  dead 
far  more  than  courage,  devotion  and  sacrifice,  insisting  that 
their  cause  was  a  righteous  cause,  their  service  intelligent  and 
honorable,  and  their  principles  fixed  in  eternal  truth.  He  painted 
Robert  E.  Lee  as  the  typical  Confederate  soldier,  who  gave  all 


MONUMENT  TO  CONFEDERATE  SOLDIERS 

OF  THE  CITY  OF  CHARLOTTESVILLE  AND  COUNTY  OF  ALBEMARLE 
Dedicated  May  5th,  /pop 


DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS  191 

and  refused  everything,  and  who,  if  living,  would  not  consent 
to  be  lauded  at  the  expense  of  the  cause  he  served.  "Who,  of  all 
his  critics,"  said  the  speaker,  "has  been  his  equal  or  worthy  to 
be  his  judge?  He  was  a  man  akin  to  truth  in  that  he  needed 
not  much  from  any  source."  Captain  McCarthy  resented  the 
thought  that  the  monuments  in  the  South  stand  to  honor  trea- 
son, for  not  one  of  all  the  host  of  that  section  has  been  con- 
victed. The  great  monument  for  all  the  South  will  be  reared, 
sculptured,  adorned  and  unveiled  when  the  world  sees  the 
truth.  "Even  the  ministers  of  good  things  are  like  torches — a 
light  to  others ;  waste  and  destruction  to  themselves."  What 
glorious  torches  flamed  and  burned  when  those  we  meet  to 
honor  lighted  up  for  a  while  the  whole  world ! 

Touching  upon  emancipation  as  one  of  the  great  results  com- 
monly claimed  for  the  war,  Captain  McCarthy  contended  that 
slavery  was  not  abolished,  but  changed  in  form  and  degree, 
and  in  its  victims.  It  is  more  widely  distributed  than  the  slav- 
ery of  the  blacks,  since  it  is  a  change  from  the  blacks  to  all,  and 
from  one  section  to  the  whole  land.  The  real  freedom  is  to 
come  out  of  the  past  through  the  reestablishment  of  the  public 
virtues  which  unhallowed  and  wicked  power  had  destroyed. 
The  overthrown  ideals  of  civic  virtue  and  patriotic  sacrifice 
must  be  restored  and  the  noble  history  of  this  State  reenacted 
in  the  lives  of  their  growing  sons.  We  are  the  minority,  but  the 
majority  is  not  necessarihy  in  possession  of  the  sum  of  all  virtue, 
truth  or  justice.  By  its  power  the  imperishable  principles  may 
be  set  aside.  The  majority  needs  restraining;  it  needs  law.  In 
this  land  the  constitution  is  the  law  and  the  restraint.  When  the 
majority  rebels  against  that,  it  is  a  tyrant. 

The  spiritual  things  which  our  poor  monuments  strive  to  ex- 
press, the  inspiring  motive  of  the  "immortal  deeds,"  surviving 
the  wreck  of  worlds,  will  be  the  firm  realities  of  eternity.  The 
ideal  but  absent  good  of  this  life  will  be  the  very  atmosphere  of 
the  new  heavens  and  the  new  earth.  The  hope  of  heroes  is  es- 
tablished in  the  very  topography,  and  lights  the  landscapes  of 
eternity.  Sentiments  which  here  and  now  are  a  mere  breath 
may  be  granite  boulders  in  the  land  of  the  mysterious  ideal. 
The  poet's  dream  will  be  there,  and  the  vision  of  the  seer.  The 


192  DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS 

myraid  prayers  of  countless  hosts  of  all  ages  will  perfume  the 
air.  Shall  we  not  see  then  our  heroic  dead  trooping  up  from 
the  valley  of  death  to  inhabit  forever  the  immortal  plains! 

The  vague  longings  of  our  souls,  the  grief,  the  fear,  the  bit- 
ter agony  of  parting,  may  all  appear  worked  into  the  architec- 
ture of  the  many  mansions  with  exquisite  beauty,  and  even  the 
blackness  of  despair  may  add  new  bursts  of  gorgeous  color  to 
the  panorama  of  an  endless  life. 

Major  Daniel's  Address. 

Captain  McCarthy  was  followed  by  Senator  John  W.  Dan- 
iel who  discussed  with  his  old  time  vigor  and  felicity  many  of 
the  campaigns  of  the  Civil  War,  and  revived  the  romance  of 
that  struggle  with  Lee,  Jackson,  Forrest  and  many  others  as 
the  heroes  of  his  moving  tale.  It  was  inevitable  that  he  should 
use  the  witchery  of  his  eloquence  in  praise  of  the  Confederate 
soldier  and  of  the  Confederate  women,  who,  more  than  the  sol- 
dier, in  his  view,  deserved  to  be  remembered  with  eternal  grati- 
tude for  their  sacrifices. 

He  retold  vividly  the  story  of  the  final  interview  between  Lee 
and  Grant  at  Appomattox,  and  attributed  great  dignity  and  gen- 
erosity to  the  conquering  chieftain  in  that  memorable  confer- 
ence. 

A  number  of  old  soldiers  and  others,  who  loved  with  equal 
devotion  the  memories  of  the  war,  grouped  about  the  speaker, 
applauded  him  liberally,  and  were  proud,  as  Senator  Daniel  him- 
self declared,  that  he  was  one  of  the  boys  in  the  great  strug- 
gle of  '61-65. 

Congressman  McCall. 

Congressman  S.  J.  McCall,  of  Massachusetts,  followed  Sena- 
tor Daniel  in  a  brief  but  eloquent  speech. 

Reunion  and  Banquet. 

At  six  o'clock  in  the  evening  the  survivors  of  the  Albemarle 
Light  Horse,  Company  K,  Second  Virginia  Cavalry,  held  a  re- 
union and  banquet  at  the  Colonial  Hotel. 


DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS  193 

Captain  Micajah  Woods,  chairman  of  the  organization,  pre- 
sided as  toastmaster.  General  Munford  delivered  a  very  beau- 
tiful and  touching  address  to  the  members  of  his  own  company. 
He  announced  that  he  had  reached  his  seventy-eighth  year,  but 
he  looked  quite  as  gay  as  when  he  led  his  troops  in  action  with 
a  prowess  not  surpassed  by  Henry  of  Navarre. 

Congressman  McCall,  of  Massachusetts,  in  response  to  a  sen- 
timent, delivered  a  very  delightful  address,  capturing  the  old 
veterans  and  his  audience  by  his  wit  and  eloquence. 

The  remarks  of  the  Boston  Congressman  were  liberally 
applauded,  and  the  concensus  of  opinion  among  those  who  heard 
this  gentleman's  speech  during  the  unveiling  ceremonies  and 
those  who  heard  his  remarks  at  night,  is  that  he  is  a  broad- 
minded  and  liberal  statesman,  and  our  people  highly  appreciate 
his  coming  among  us  and  participating  with  us  in  the  exercises 
attending  the  unveiling  of  the  Confederate  monument. 

Senator  Daniel  responded  in  very  eloquent  terms  and  re- 
ceived a  loving  ovation  from  his  old  comrades. 


MONUMENT  TO  COL.  JOHN  BOWIE  STRANGE,  C.  S.  A., 

APPROPRIATELY  AND  ELOQUENTLY 

DEDICATED. 

In  the  old  historic  Court  House,  Albemarle's  Hall  of  Fame, 
with  its  galaxy  of  distinguished  jurists,  advocates  and  soldiers, 
were  assembled,  in  December,  1916,  the  followers  of  the  daunt- 
less leader  of  the  famous  Nineteenth  Virginia  Infantry.  Thither 
came  also  the  ever-present  •  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy,  the 
Sons  of  Veterans,  and  a  host  of  admiring  friends,  drawn  to- 
gether with  a  common  and  united  purpose  to  hear  the  eloquent 
tribute  of  Judge  Duke  to  the  memory  of  an  honored  and  beloved 
soldier.  In  the  unavoidable  absence  of  Commander,  Major  C. 
M.  Bolton,  Captain  H.  Clay  Michie,  Past  Commander  of  the 
Camp,  presided,  expressing  great  pleasure  at  being  permitted  to 
participate  on  such  an  occasion,  and  regretting  that  the  unfa- 
vorable weather  had  prevented  the  exercises  being  held  at  the 
monument. 


194  DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS 

Dr.  Battle's  Prayer. 

The  Chaplain,  Dr.  George  L.  Petrie,  being  absent,  the  Rev- 
erend Dr.  Henry  W.  Battle  invoked  the  Divine  blessing,  in  the 
following  words :  "Thou  great  and  gracious  God,  we  thank 
Thee  that  in  every  age  Thou  has  raised  up  men  capable  of  un- 
selfish heroism.  We  rejoice  that  in  every  generous  bosom  Thou 
has  planted  a  chord  that  thrills  sympathetically  to  the  story  of 
the  sacrifice  of  life  itself  for  country  and  the  right.  We  have 
assembled  to  pay  tribute  to  the  memory  of  one  who,  in  martyr 
spirit,  wore  the  white  flower  of  a  stainless  life  into  the  sepul- 
chred chambers  of  death. 

"Comrades  and  friends  have  honored  themselves  in  erecting 
this  monument,  thereby  giving  evidence  of  soul  kinship  with 
the  hero  whose  noble  virtues  and  deeds  of  courage  fill  our 
thoughts  and  swell  our  bosoms  today.  And  so,  God  of  our 
fathers,  may  it  ever  be!  May  no  day  that  finds  on  Virginia's 
historic  soil  a  people  unappreciative  of  sublime  courage,  or  un- 
grateful for  supreme  sacrifice,  ever  dawn.  Oh  keep  us  and 
those  who  shall  come  after  us,  we  beseech  Thee,  true  to  a  glori- 
ous past;  then,  shall  we,  guided  and  upheld  by  Thy  spirit,  se- 
renely meet,  with  unfaltering  trust,  whatever  tests  the  un- 
known future  may  bring  to  our  land.  Our  Country's  God,  in 
the  midst  of  world-wide  turmoil,  conflict  and  distress,  we  hum- 
bly invoke  upon  our  entire  people  Thy  blessing,  and  the  inspira- 
tion of  that  .Spirit  that  kindles  and  nurtures  the  rlame  of  self- 
sacrificing  heroism  in  the  human  breast.  Bowing  before  Thy 
great  throne  today,  we  beseech  Thy  favor  through  Jesus  Christ, 
the  Savior.  Amen. 

After  the  invocation  the  local  quintet  of  the  Sons  of  Veterans 
rendered  appropriate  selections  of  music. 


DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS  195 

Judge  Duke's  Address. 

Captain  H.  Clay  Michie,  the  presiding  officer,  introduced 
Judge  R.  T.  W.  Duke  in  a  few  appropriate  remarks. 

Judge   Duke  spoke  as   follows : 

Comrades  of  the  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp,  Daughters  of 
the  Confederacy,  Ladies  and  Gentlemen : 

I  feel  a  great  pity  for  the  man  who  could  have  stood  today 
where  we  were  expected  to  stand,  around  the  simple  granite 
monument  erected  to  Colonel  Strange,  without  feeling  his  pulse 
beat  high  and  every  noble  emotion  aroused  in  his  bosom.  The 
place  is  a  simple  place,  a  very  modest  graveyard.  The  great 
oaks  shadow  part  of  it  and  the  younger  maples  bud  in  the 
spring  time  and  blush  later  with  the  touch  of  the  autumn  sun. 
And  yet  it  is  holy  ground.  Xo  man  can  stand  by  the  granite 
monument  that  today  you  have  come  to  dedicate  without  think- 
ing of  the  sacred  dust  that  sleeps  within  that  little  God's  acre 
and  realizing  that  it  is  among  the  most  sacred  spots  on  earth. 

Westminister  Abbey  with  all  its  magnificence,  with  all  of  the 
great  names  that  meet  you  at  every  step  you  take  within  that 
historic  fane,  becomes  a  mere  nothing  to  me  when  I  stand  yon- 
der where  sleep  the  ashes  dearer  to  me  than  any  ashes  can  be 
on  this  earth.  And  almost  within  touch  of  that  noble  man  who 
was  my  exemplar  and  the  author  of  my  being,  my  father  and 
my  friend — who  taught  me  what  the  fatherhood  of  God  meant 
and  later  on  the  brotherhood  of  man — almost  within  a  step  are 
men  who  fought  under  him  and  some  of  whom  fought,  bled 
and  died  along  with  the  noble  gentleman  in  whose  memory  we 
are  meeting  today.  Just  a  step  away  lies  Colonel  J.  Thompson 
Brown,  dead  at  the  moment  of  victory;  a  step  nearer  lies  the 
youngest  brigadier  general  of  the  time  and  two  other  soldiers, 
his  kinsmen,  who  were  sacrificed  on  the  altar  of  their  country. 
And  just  on  the  other  hand,  but  a  step  away,  the  gallant  young 
adjutant  of  my  father's  company,  William  Alexander,  who  en- 
tered that  company  as  adjutant  and  followed  him,  and  later  fol- 
lowed his  regiment,  until  at  Hatcher's  Run  he  gave  up  his  life 
for  his  native  Commonwealth.  Hardly  had  the  couch  from 
which  his  dead  body  had  been  removed  grown  cold  ere  a  cousin 


196  DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS 

was  laid  in  it,  shot  in  the  arm — that  dear  old  veteran,  Andrew 
Craven,  who  still  lives  in  a  vigorous  old  age,  and  who  if  not 
here  in  person  is  here  in  spirit  with  us  today.  But  another  step 
away  from  Colonel  Strange's  monument  is  an  assemblange  of 
humble  modest  slabs  dedicated  to  the  memories  of  men  who 
died  in  the  hospital  here,  and  the  cemetery  at  the  University 
not  having  been  established,  their  bodies  were  buried  by  Lodge 
No.  60  of  the  Masonic  order  of  which  they  were  members. 
But  a  step  away  I  noticed  only  this  morning  the  tomb  of  a 
young  man  from  Alabama,  but  nineteen  years  of  age,  and  his 
epitaph,  "He  gave  his  life  for  his  country."  And  a  step  further 
down,  where  I  never  look  at  the  little  bit  of  modest  marble  that 
I  do  not  feel  a  strange  thought  of  pity  for  the  body  of  the  young 
Corsican  which  lies  there :  a  member  of  my  father's  company 
who  was  but  eighteen  years  of  age  when  he  gave  his  life  for  his 
adopted  country  and  a  worthier  and  a  better  man  than  the  great 
Corsican  who  sleeps  now  in  the  shadow  of  the  Invalides.  It  is 
holy  ground;  it  is  ground  on  which  men  should  tread  lightly 
and  with  uncovered  heads ;  it  is  ground  of  which  this  commu- 
nity should  be  proud  and  whose  care  to  the  utmost  end  of  time 
should  'be  their  sacred  duty,  even  when  those  of  this  and  the 
new  generation  have  passed  away.  And  the  man  for  whose 
memory  this  monument  has  come  into  being  was  hi  every  sense 
as  great  a  man  as  many  who  sleep  in  Westminister  Abbey,  in 
St.  Paul's  and  Les  Invalides,  or  in  any  of  the  great  structures 
of  the  world. 

John  Bowie  Strange  was  a  soldier  from  his  childhood;  he 
taught  men  to  be  soldiers ;  he  led  men  who  were  soldiers,  and  he 
died  a  soldier's  death.  In  a  few  brief  moments  I  shall  give  you 
a  short  summary  of  his  life.  He  was  born  in  old  Fluvanna 
County,  once  a  part  of  Albemarle.  .  He  entered  the  Virginia 
Military  Institute  in  1842  and  was  one  of  the  first  graduates  in 
the  first  class  of  that  institution.  I  take  it  he  was  a  State  stu- 
dent— toothing  for  a  man  to  be  ashamed  of  in  those  days.  There, 
in  accordance  with  an  old  rule  in  that  institution,  he  obligated 
himself  to  give  two  years  of  his  life  to  the  education  of  the 
young  in  exchange  for  the  bounty  of  the  State.  In  accordance 
with  that  obligation,  John  Bowie  Strange  went  to  the  city  of 


DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS  197 

Norfolk  and  there  taught  for  a  couple  of  years,  and  at  the  end 
of  that  time  organized  a  military  school  in  the  city  of  Norfolk. 

He  taught  with  success,  and  finally  came  back  to  his  old  home 
and  to  the  city  of  Charlottesville  in  1856.  He  taught  for  a 
while  in  that  old  block  of  buildings  we  older  men  speak  of  as 
the  "post  office,"  and  which  is  sometimes  spoken  of  today  as 
the  McKee  block,*  though  with  the  old  men  that  would  not  be 
understood  unless  you  spoke  of  it  as  the  old  "post  office."  It 
stands  there  as  the  corner  building  of  the  block — at  the  inter- 
section of  Jefferson  Street  and  the  alley  between  the  Court 
House  and  the  block.  Colonel  Strange  commenced  his  teaching 
in  Charlottesville  in  that  building  and  then  moved  his  school  to 
the  end  of  Ridge  Street,  erecting  those  three  buildings  that  some 
of  you  can  remember,  on  the  southern  end  of  the  street,  the  last 
of  which  was  pulled  down  only  a  few  years  ago.  The  house  of 
Dr.  Sparks  is  now  upon  the  site  of  one  of  these  buildings.  He 
established  there  and  built  up  one  of  the  finest  military  schools 
in  the  State;  a  school  well  noted  all  over  the  country  for  its 
teachers  and  teaching.  I  should  have  said  that  when  he  first 
came  to  Charlottesville  he  did  not  commence  his  teaching  in  the 
building  first  alluded  to  as  the  old  post  office  building,  but  went 
first  to  Bloomfield — not  having  written  what  I  am  saying,  I  may 
be  somewhat  discursive — and  he  taught  there  for  two  years  be- 
fore he  came  here.  Colonel  Strange  had  as  teacher  with  him 
the  afterwards  celebrated  Professor  Toy,  the  great  Hebraist  of 
Harvard,  and  L.  M.  Blackford,  afterwards  the  great  principal 
of  the  Episcopal  High  School.  Bloomfield  was  some  few  miles 
beyond  the  University  of  Virginia,  and  he  taught  in  a  school 
kept  by  Mr.  Tebbs  and  then  Mr.  English.  After  he  finished 
teaching  there  he  came  to  Charlottesville.  Of  his  pupils  I  know 
of  five  today  that  are  living.  One  I  see  here  is  Comrade  Fife, 
who  has  furnished  me  with  some  of  the  facts,  and  there  are 
Frank  Lobban,  Nat  Terrell,  S.  B.  Yates  and  John  Dobbins. 

It  is  from  some  of  these  men  that  I  have  had  the  pleasure  of 
hearing  personal  testimony  as  to  Colonel  Strange's  ability,  not 


*Editor's   Note:    The   square  just  west  of  the    Court   House;   now 
converted  into  Jackson  Park. 


198  DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS 

only  as  a  •disciplinarian  but  as  a  teacher — a  man  who  had  the 
ability  to  impart  the  knowledge  he  possesssed.  Pie  put  into  his 
pupils  the  desire  to  increase  their  knowledge  and  at  the  same 
time  taught  them  strict  discipline  and  the  power  of  controlling 
themselves.  That  school  had  one  hundred  pupils  at  the  begin- 
ning of  the  Civil  War,  and  like  its  great  neighbor,  the  Univer- 
sity of  Virginia,  it  closed  with  one  consent,  and  I  suppose  that 
every  pupil  entered  the  Confederate  service  when  he  'became 
old  enough  to  do  so.  Colonel  Strange  at  once  volunteered  his 
services  and  was  elected  Colonel  of  the  Nineteenth  Virginia 
Regiment,  that  splendid  'body  of  men  upon  whose  banners  nearly 
every  great  battle  named  in  Virginia  could  have  been  inscribed ; 
which  marched  from  victory  to  victory,  and  only  surrendered 
when  their  great  chieftain  told  them  the  hour  of  surrender  had 
come. 

Fellow  citizens,  we  do  not  realize  the  legacy  that  this  hon- 
orable regiment  has  left  us,  for  the  greatest  legacy  that  man  can 
leave  to  man  is  the  legacy  of  an  honorable  name,  and  this,  the 
immortal  Nineteenth  has  left  to  this  country.  Colonel  Strange 
carried  into  his  regiment  the  same  ability  for  discipline  and  en- 
couragement that  he  carried  into  his  school.  His  regiment  was 
noted  for  discipline,  and  it  was  noted  for  the  ability  of  its  men 
to  do  what  they  were  told  without  questioning.  Had  Colonel 
Strange  lived,  no  doubt  his  ability  would  have  been  recognized 
further  and  he  might  have  been  able  to  command  the  brigade 
in  which  the  splendid  regiment  fought  its  way  into  immortal- 
ity ;  but  it  was  to  be  otherwise. 

At  the  'battle  of  Boonesboro  it  was  his  fate  to  lead  his  reg- 
iment into  the  thick  of  the  battle.  The  account  of  his  death 
was  brought  to  the  attention  of  his  kinspeople  and  friends  in  a 
strange  way  long  after  his  death.  A  package  of  bloodstained 
papers  was  sent  to  one  of  his  friends  or  relatives  by  a  Federal 
officer,  who  stated  that  he  took  them  from  the  body  of  a  Con- 
federate colonel  who  was  killed  at  Boonesboro.  The  same 
courage  that  actuated  him  all  through  his  life  carried  him 
through  that  day.  He  had  been  wounded  and  was  lying  upon 
the  ground  and  the  surging  ranks  of  the  enemy  were  approach- 
ing, but  the  idea  of  surrender  never  entered  his  mind.  It  was 


DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS  199 

so  antagonistic  to  his  nature,  and  he  was  so  anxious  to  do 
what  he  could  to  check  the  onslaught,  that  he  drew  his  re- 
volver, and  raising  himself,  began  to  fire  into  the  lines  of  the 
enemy  as  they  approached  him,  regardless  of  consequences. 
This  enemy  bayoneted  him  where  he  lay  and  this  package  of 
papers  bore  his  life  blood.  His  regiment  sent  his  body  home 
and  buried  it  in  the  old  cemetery,  and  now  today,  fifty-four 
years  and  nearly  three  months  after  his  death,  a  stone  has  been 
erected  to  hand  down  to  posterity  the  name  of  this  gallant  gen- 
tleman and  soldier  who  died  in  defense  of  his  native  common- 
wealth. 

Chateaubriand  has  said,  that  "Monuments  are  for  little  men; 
for  the  great,  a  stone  and  a  name,"  and  a  truer  thought  was 
never  uttered.  How  soon  a  name  fades  away!  Go  into  any 
cemetery  and  walk  along  and  unless  something  strange  or  ec- 
centric attracts  you,  you  pay  no  attention  to  names.  You  look 
at  epitaphs  no  matter  where  you  go  with  a  smile  of  apprecia- 
tion of  the  sentiment.  You  may  walk  through  the  great  halls 
of  Westminister  Abbey  where  great  kings  and  lords  and  ladies 
lie  buried,  and  their  names  mean  nothing  to  you.  The  names 
are  quickly  forgotten,  but  that  which  is  carved  upon  the  slabs 
often  makes  the  blood  leap  and  the  senses  quicken.  No  man 
can  stop  in  (Westminister  Abbey  and  see  a  little  marble  slab 
upon  the  wall,  where  are  inscribed  John  Wesley's  last  words, 
"The  best  of  all,  God  is  with  us,"  (though  his  ashes  do  not 
sleep  there)  without  feeling  the  strongest  emotion;  nor  around 
the  corner  where  the  few  lines  of  Tennyson  are  inscribed  to 
the  memory  of  that  heroic  sailor  soul,  and  not  stand  in  mute 
reverence  and  profound  admiration. 

In  future  years,  in  walking  through  this  cemetery  and  others 
like  it,  the  names  of  Strange,  of  Duke,  or  Brown  or  Zibana  may 
mean  nothing,  but  when  underneath  are  read  these  words  "A 
Confederate  Soldier,"  no  matter  how  many  years  have  elapsed, 
nothing  will  make  them  pause  quicker  than  that  sentence  and 
bow  their  heads  before  the  honorable  ashes  of  the  honorable 
men  who  fought  for  the  most  honorable  cause  that  the  world 
has  ever  known.  Xames  mean  but  little.  You  may  take  the 
great  roll  of  the  great  Book  of  Books  with  its  roll  of  heroes  and 


200  DEDICATION   OF    MONUMENTS 

how  many  of  them  do  you  recall?  You  may  take  the  names 
with  which  St.  Paul  concludes  his  epistles,  sending  greetings  to 
this  man  and  that  man,  and  all  of  a  sudden  you  come  across  one 
name  with  a  few  words  that  tell  you  everything  about  that  man 
you  want  to  know :  "Appelles,  approved  in  Christ."  All  the 
biographies  of  the  world  couldn't  give  you  any  more  informa- 
tion that  you  might  want  to  know  about  that  man,  because  you 
know  his  life  was  good  and  pure  and  noble  and  his  end  was 
peace.  So  today  the  man  who  walks  through  these  cemeteries 
and  finds  those  three  words :  "A  Confederate  Soldier,"  engraved 
upon  a  man's  monument,  knows  all  about  the  man  he  wants  to 
know.  He  knows  that  he  was  a  soldier ;  that  he  was  a  hero ; 
that  he  was  true  to  his  commonwealth,  and  being  true  to  his 
commonwealth,  was  true  to  his  God.  When  Basil  Gildersleeve, 
the  great  professor  of  Greek  of  the  University  and  of  Johns 
Hopkins,  and  the  greatest  philologist  of  the  world,  was  asked  to 
select  an  epitaph  for  a  slab  that  was  to  be  erected  to  the  dead 
alumni  of  the  Episcopal  High  School  at  Alexandria,  he  selected 
the  following  from  Ovid's  Heroides :  Qui  bene  pro  patria  cum 
patriaque  jacent — "Who  nobly  for  their  country  with  their 
country  fell."  When  you  first  consider  it  you  think  there  is  a 
note  of  pessimism  about  it,  but  when  you  begin  to  reason;  when 
you  think  of  the  real  meaning  of  the  sentence,  you  come  to  an- 
other conclusion,  for  if  they  nobly  fell  and  their  country  fell 
nobly  with  them,  we,  like  the  men  of  the  Scriptures,  may  ex- 
pect another  and  a  better  country  to  rise  above  the  ruins  of  the 
old. 

We  have  a  right  to  expect  this,  but  no  country  can  ever  be 
better  than  that  country  for  which  these  men  fought,  and  for 
which  these  men  died.  For  it  was  a  country  in  which  honor 
represented  everything  and  money  but  little ;  it  was  a  country  of 
pure  policies,  and  it  was  a  country  of  pure  women  and  of  brave, 
inspired,  honest  men;  it  was  a  country  where  the  right  princi- 
ples of  government  ruled ;  where  the  whole  of  the  beginning  of 
the  government  was  based  upon  the  home.  Sometimes  I  begin 
to  wonder  when  I  think  of  that  country  whether  I  have  any 
country  now.  That  seems  like  a  startling  statement  to  make, 
and  I  make  it  so  as  to  make  it  startling.  I  wonder  sometimes, 


DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS  201 

although  I  was  but  a  boy  when  the  war  closed,  whether  I  have 
a  country;  for  my  country  was  Virginia,  first,  last  and  all  the 
time,  and  my  country  today  is  Virginia.  Men  may  talk  about 
the  glorious  union  of  the  states,  and  with  reason.  Virginia 
helped  to  make  it.  Men  may  talk  about  the  greatness  of  the 
Federal  Union.  It  is  great.  My  people  helped  to  make  it  great. 
But  with  all  of  its  greatness,  from  Maine  to  Texas,  from  Cali- 
fornia to  the  Atlantic,  but  for  the  State  of  Virginia  the  Union 
would  never  have  existed,  and  without  her,  liberty  upon  this 
continent  would  never  have  existed.  That  seems  like  a  broad 
and  startling  statement  for  me  to  make,  and  I  am  not  going  to 
take  up  the  time  to  prove  it,  but  merely  appeal  to  history.  The 
crises  in  this  country  have  always  been  met  and  overcome  by 
Virginia  and  Virginians.  The  first  blow  for  freedom  upon  this 
continent  was  struck  by  Nathaniel  Bacon  in  1676,  just  one  hun- 
dred years  before  an  Albemarle  man  wrote  the  Charter  of  Free- 
dom; and  it  was  another  Virginian,  George  Washington,  who 
made  it  possible,  not  only  on  the  battlefield,  but  in  another  strug- 
gle, to  unite  all  the  parts  of  this  great  country  together  in  a 
more  perfect  union.  And  at  all  times,  it  makes  no  difference 
when,  Virginians  have  been  at  the  fore;  in  '14,  in  '48,  and  in 
'61 ;  and  I  am  glad  to  say  that  today,  in  this  period  of  interna- 
tional strife  and  struggle,  a  Virginian  stands  at  the  helm,  please 
God,  and  will  tell  us  what  to  do  and  preserve  this  country  in 
peace  with  honor. 

I  say  that  I  do  not  know  that  I  have  a  country  until  I  begin  to 
realize  that  I  am  a  member,  a  citizen,  of  this  great  Common- 
wealth, and  being  a  citizen  of  it,  I  am  a  citizen  of  this  Union. 
I  desire  a  better  country ;  I  desire  to  make  this  country  better — 
this  country  whose  foundation  stones  were  cemented  with  the 
blood  of  your  compatriots ;  ye  men  who  fought  for  all  that 
makes  any  country  great.  For  the  need  of  a  better  country 
grows  apparent  every  day. 

Often,  when  in  the  Northern  states,  I  have  been  taunted  with 
the  statement  that  this  war  in  which  you  fought  was  a  battle  of 
slaveholders  against  freedom.  I  sometimes  wonder  how  many 
men  in  the  immortal  Nineteenth  owned  slaves.  I  doubt  if  one- 
half  of  them  did.  The  Nineteenth  Virginia  Regiment  did  not 


202 


DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS 


care  any  more  about  slaves  than  it  cares  today  for  the  dead  fly 
in  the  ointment  of  the  apothecary  that  lies  in  the  buried  cham- 
ber of  the  pyramids.  These  men  fought  for  and  some  died  for 
the  principle  of  government  by  the  states.  That  was  what  they 
were  fighting  for,  and  that  was  the  victory  you  struggled  for. 
And  that  country  which  you  fought  for  and  some  died  for,  my 
country,  won  the  greatest  country  in  the  world,  the  country  of 
freedom,  loyalty,  virtue  and  purity,  and  your  struggle  was  not 
in  vain  to  perpetuate  it.  The  memory  of  your  deeds  and  those 
of  the  gallant  soldier  whose  bravery  and  honor  we  commemo- 
rate today  will  forever  leave  its  mark  upon  this  nation,  and  all 
progress  which  it  makes  for  betterment  will  bear  the  traces  of 
your  self-sacrifice. 

The  night  of  the  16th  of  April,  1861,  when  you  gathered  on 
this  court  green  here,  will  ever  live.  I  can  almost  see  it  now. 
I  can  remember  Colonel  Strange  on  that  occasion,  the  only  time 
I  recall  seeing  him,  and  he  was  erect,  with  a  remarkably  keen 
eye,  a  mustache  and  a  goatee,  bearing  every  mark  of  a  soldier. 
I  can  remember  him  that  night,  though,  as  I  say,  I  cannot  re- 
member seeing  him  on  any  other  occasion.  I  knew  that  sweet, 
beautiful  daughter  of  his,  at  the  feet  of  whose  loveliness  and 
beauty  I  laid  a  boyish  devotion.  She  is  gone  now,  and  but  one 
of  her  father's  children  lives,  I  'believe,  in  a  far  state.  If  some 
one  had  told  me  that  night  that  fifty  odd  years  later  I  should 
stand  in  this  courthouse  and  speak  to  the  survivors  of  you  who 
gathered  there,  as  soldiers  of  a  lost  cause,  I,  a  boy,  even  as  I 
was,  would  have  laughed  at  the  man  who  told  me ;  and  today 
I  should  say  that  you  are  not  the  survivors  of  a  lost  cause,  but 
a  cause  which  has  gained  more  for  the  good  of  your  common 
country  than  any  other  cause  in  the  history  of  the  world. 

"The  old  order  changeth,  yielding  place  to   new, 
And   God  fulfills   himself  in   many   ways." 

God's  work  is  never  wrong  in  this  world.  Nothing  that  He 
ordains  is  ever  lost.  There  is  no  movement  in  this  world,  from 
the  falling  of  a  sparrow  to  the  wreck  of  an  empire,  that  is  not 
in  some  way  God  fulfilling  himself.  We  may  not  be  able  to 
understand  it ;  we  cannot  see  it  now ;  we  are  like  the  weavers 


LEE  MONUMENT 

GETTYSBURG   NATIONAL  PARK 

Dedicated  June  8th,  79/7 


DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS  203 

of  the  Gobelin  tapestry,  who  work  ever  at  the  reverse  of  that 
tapestry  and  do  not  know  until  their  work  is  finished  whether  it 
is  to  be  sublimely  beautiful  or  a  complete  failure.  We  know 
that  the  time  shall  come  when  we  shall  see  and  understand  the 
meaning  of  the  great  pageant  in  which  all  of  us  have  been  hum- 
ble workers,  and  you  will  recognize  then  that  all  the  bitter 
struggle  through  which  you  passed,  and  all  the  bitter  memories 
which  come  from  a  sense  of  failure,  have  been  but  a  part  in  the 
great  design  of  the  great  God  to  fulfill  himself.  You  shall  see 
then  that  your  work  has  been  a  part  of  His  work,  and  with  Him 
you  shall  pronounce  it,  as  He  did  at  the  end  of  His  creation, 
"good." 


THE  WASHINGTON  REUNION  AND  DEDICATION  OF 
THE  LEE  MONUMENT  AT  GETTYSBURG 

(June  5th,  6th,  7th,  and  8th,  1917). 
BY  C.  B.  LINNEY. 

It  seldom  falls  to  the  lot  of  man  to  have  more  of  communion 
and  good  fellowship — not  to  say  the  making  of  history — than 
that  which  made  up  the  eventful  days  of  June  5th,  6th  and  7th, 
1917,  devoted  to  our  veterans  at  the  Washington  Reunion.  The 
visit  to  the  'historic  home  of  the  Father  of  the  Republic,  which 
nature  with  a  lavish  hand  has  embellished  with  so  much  charm 
of  situation  and  surroundings,  to  say  nothing  of  its  precious 
and  sacred  memories,  was  enough  to  satisfy  the  most  fastidious 
seeker  after  pleasure ;  but  to  have  been  a  participant  in  and 
thrilled  by  the  martial  music,  shouts  of  veterans  and  sons  of 
veterans,  and  captivated  by  the  charm  and  beauty  of  sponsors, 
and  maids  of  honor,  looking  as  handsome  as  only  Southern 
women  can  look,  was  indeed  soul  inspiring. 

The  quiet,  staid  denizen  of  Washington  had  heard  the  solemn 
tread  of  the  veterans  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic, 
flushed  with  victory,  and  imagining  themselves  equal  to  the 
conquest  of  the  world ;  they  had  heard  the  glad  shouts  of  the 
populace  as  they  marched  up  the  avenue  to  acclaim  a  Wilson, 
king;  but  the  sedate  and  dignified  senators,  and  the  venerable 


204  DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS 

Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court,  as  they  marched  by  the 
side  of  Lee's  sleeveless  immortals,  and  heard  them  give  the 
"Rebel  Yell,"  chant  "Dixie"  and  sing  "The  Girl  I  Left  Behind 
Me,"  caught  more  inspiration  and  real  patriotism  in  an  hour, 
than  all  the  combined  oratory  of  the  Senate  could  ever  evoke. 

The  dedicatory  exercises  of  the  Lee  Monument  at  Gettys- 
burg on  the  8th,  were  in  accord  with  old  Virginia  simplicity 
and  modesty.  The  beautiful  and  appropriate  invocation  of  Dr. 
James  Power  Smith,  aide  and  chaplain  to  General  Jackson, 
Governor  Stuart's  handsome  introduction  of  Leigh  Robinson, 
and  his  masterly  address,  not  to  speak  of  the  incomparable 
luncheon  from  Richmond,  combined  to  make  an  occasion  long 
to  be  remembered. 

The  Federal  Government  has  lavished  its  millions  on  this 
historic  bivouac  of  the  dead.  The  Northern  states  have  vied 
with  each  other  in  profligate  expenditure  of  money  to  perpetu- 
ate in  marble  the  deeds  of  their  fallen  braves.  But  Virginia,  in 
the  erection  of  this  magnificent  monument  to  her  distinguished 
son,  has  placed  the  capstone  upon  all  their  endeavors.  Sur- 
passingly grand  in  its  conception  and  execution,  surrounded  by 
a  group  representing  all  branches  of  the  service,  and  looking 
forward  through  a  vista  of  surpassing  beauty  and  splendor,  it 
fills  the  beholder  with  admiration  and  delight.  As  I  gazed  upon 
that  face  of  inexpressible  greatness,  depicted  by  the  sculptor,  I 
thought  of  how  the  torrid  heat  of  summer,  the  withering  frost 
and  relentless  snows  of  winter,  would  beat  upon  that  uncovered 
head ;  but  thought  also  that  the  same  divine  hand  that  tempers 
the  storm  to  the  shorn  lamb  would  cover  that  defenseless  head 
with  the  shadow  of  His  wing. 

And  as  we  left  the  sacred  place,  I  fancied  some  beautiful  au- 
tumnal eve,  with  its  sylvan  quietness,  the  fast  receding  sun  with 
its  resplendent  rays  gilding  the  foliage  with  kaleidoscopic  love- 
liness, transforming  the  scene  into  one  of  indescribable  beauty 
and  covering  all  with  a  halo  of  surpassing  splendor  and  gran- 
deur— I  fancied  that  on  such  a  day,  perchance,  the  mighty  host 
of  Confederate  dead  now  lying  in  unmarked  and  unknown 
graves  between  what  were  once  the  opposing  lines,  after  long 
years  of  ceaseless  vigil  by  their  great  commander,  might  emerge 


PAUL  GOODLOE  MC!NTIRE 
Honorary  member  of  the  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp,  C.  V ., 

founder  of  the  chair  of  Art  and  Music  at  the  University 
of  Virginia,  whose  generous  gifts  to  his  native  city  of 
parks,  public  library,  monuments  of  Lee,  Jackson,  Lewis 
and  Clark,  and  of  George  Rogers  Clark,  have  endeared 
him,  not  only  to  the  heart  of  every  Confederate  veteran, 
but  to  our  entire  community,  and  won  for  him  the  title  of 

PHILANTHROPIST 


DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS  205 

from  their  tenements  of  clay  to  wing  their  flight  to  the  great 
white  throne.  And  as  I  allowed  my  fancy  (almost  in  spirit  as  it 
were),  to  dwell  upon  that  resurrection  scene,  I  beheld  each 
immortal,  ere  taking  his  final  flight,  pause  for  a  moment  about 
this  sacred  shrine  to  chant  his  praise,  with  the  happy  refrain, 
"It  was  his  genius,  nobility  of  character,  and  lofty  Christian 
life  and  faith  that  inspired  it  all." 


THE  LEE  AND  JACKSON   MONUMENTS   IN   THE 
CHARLOTTESVILLE  PARKS. 

As  stated  in  the  preface,  it  is  very  much  regretted  that  no 
account  of  the  unveiling  of  these  monuments  can  be  given, 
neither  monument  being  in  place  at  the  time  this  book  goes  to 
press.  But  when  the  veterans  of  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp 
learned  of  Mr.  Mclntire's  superb  gift  of  the  Lee  Monument, 
they  at  once  called  a  meeting,  which  resulted  in  the  resolutions 
and  correspondence  below. 

It  will  be  noted  that  in  neither  the  resolutions  nor  in  the  cor- 
respondence is  any  mention  made  of  the  Jackson  Monument. 
This  is  because  it  was  not  known  at  the  time  that  Mr.  Mclntire 
contemplated  presenting  to  the  city  a  second  park,  the  chief 
ornament  of  which  is  to  be  an  equestrian  statue  of  Lee's  great 
right  arm,  the  "Mighty  Stonewall." 

The   resolutions   and   correspondence   follow : 

Charlottesville,   Va. 
February  21,   1918. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Confederate  veterans  of  the  city  and  county 
held  in  the  City  Hall  yesterday  to  express  their  gratitude  to  Mr. 
Paul  G.  Mclntire  for  his  munificent  gift  to  our  city  of  an  equestrian 
statue  of  General  Lee,  Major  C.  M.  Bolton  was  elected  chairman 
and  Mr.  C.  B.  Linney  secretary. 

Major  C.  M.  Bolton,  Bartlett  Boiling  and  C.  B.  Linney  were  con- 
stituted a  committee  on  resolutions,  and  made  the  following  report, 
which  was  unanimously  adopted  by  a  rising  vote: 

Resolved:  That  it  is  with  peculiar  pleasure  and  appreciation  that 
the  Confederate  veterans  of  Charlottesville  and  the  county  of  Albe- 
marle  have  learned  of  Mr.  Paul  G.  Mclntire's  magnificent  gift  to 


206  DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS 

this  city  of  a  beautiful  park  and  an  equestrian  statute  of  our  great 
commander,  General  Robert  E.  Lee. 

We  recognize  in  this  generous  act,  not  only  a  splendid  tribute  to 
one  of  earth's  greatest  citizens  and  soldiers,  but  a  living  memorial 
to  the  donor's  high-minded  and  honored  parents;  to  the  loyal  serv- 
ices of 'his  brothers  in  a  holy  and  righteous  cause;  and  to  his  own 
fealty  and  devotion  to  his  native  city.  If  "a  country  without  mon- 
uments is  a  country  without  a  history,''  then  indeed  this  lavish 
consecration  of  wealth  has  been  made  to  pay  tribute  to  high  and 
noble  purpose. 

The  old  veteran,  with  bowed  head,  will  come  to  this  shrine  to 
drop  the  tear  of  his  affection;  our  soldier  boys  will  come  and  find 
in  the  contemplation  of  lofty  character  and  true  nobility  in  this 
truly  great  man  their  patriotism  and  love  of  country  christened  with 
a  fresh  baptism  of  consecration  to  service;  the  youth  of  the  city 
and  of  our  schools  and  colleges  will  come;  and  the  students  of  our 
great  University,  a-s  they  assemble  from  all  parts  of  our  land,  will 
also  come,  and  in  their  coming  catch  fresh  inspiration  and  find  their 
standard  of  excellence  lifted  to  higher  ideals  and  nobler  purposes 
of  living. 

In  making  our  acknowledgments  to  Mr.  Paul  G.  Mclntire,  we  but 
voice  the  sentiments  of  every  true  soldier  who  followed  Lee. 

Resolved,  Therefore,  that  these  resolutions  be  spread  upon  our 
minutes,  and  that  a  copy  be  sent  to  Mr.  Paul  G.  Mclntire,  and  an- 
other to  the  Charlottesville  Progress  with  request  to  publish. 

Charlottesville,    Va. 

Feb.  21,   1918. 
Mr.  Paul  G.  Mclntire, 
45  Wall  St., 

New  York,  N.  Y. 
My  dear  Mr.  Mclntire: 

I  assure  you  it  is  with  the  greatest  pleasure  I  hand  you  the  with- 
in resolutions  adopted  by  the  Confederate  veterans  of  Charlottes- 
ville and  Albemarle  County,  expressive  of  their  high  appreciation 
of  your  munificent  gift  to  this  your  native  city  of  a  beautiful  park 
and  monument  to  General  Lee.  It  comes  with  peculiar  significance 
to  us,  the  followers  of  Lee,  and  while  we  very  inadequately  express 
our  appreciation,  our  hearts  are  overflowing  with  gratitude  to  the 
giver. 

No  man    can  seek  to  perpetuate    the  virtues  and  memory    of  Lee 
without    honoring   himself,   and    I   bespeak    for  you   the   esteem    and 
gratitude  of  this  nation,  which  will  be  a  great  reward. 
With  much  respect,  I  am, 

Very  truly  yours, 

C.  B.  LINNEY, 
Secretary. 


DEDICATION    OF    MONUMENTS  207 

New  York, 
Feb.  26th,  1918. 
Maj.  C.  M.  Bolton, 
Bartlett  Boiling, 
C.  B.  Linney, 

Charlottesville,  Va. 

My  dear  Friends: 

(If  you  will  so  allow  me  to  address  you.)  It  was  with  the  greatest 
pleasure  and  happiness  that  I  received  the  resolutions  adopted  by 
the  Confederates  of  Charlottesville  and  Albemarle  County,  the 
more  so,  as  it  was  entirely  unexpected.  There  is  no  name  that 
stands  higher  for  the  noblest  in  man  than  that  of  our  beloved  Lee, 
and  I  hope  that  when  the  monument  is  unveiled  we  will  all  be  there 
to  honor  him  who  showed  the  world  how  he  could  be  greater  in  de- 
feat than  in  victory. 

We  recall  the  stanza  from  Father  Ryan's  poem,  "The  Sword  of 
Lee." 

"And  they  who  saw  it  waving  there, 
And  knew  who  bore  it  knelt  to  swear, 
That  where  that  sword  led  they  would  dare, 
To  follow  or  to  die." 

And  we  carry  through  life  the  memory  of  his  greatness.     Gentle- 
men, I  envy  you  the  honor  you  had  in  following  such  a  leader. 
I  have  the  honor  to  remain, 

Sincerely  yours, 

PAUL  G. 


Memorial  Day  Exercises 

Memorial  Day  Address 

BY  PROFESSOR  WILLIAM  M.  THORNTON. 

Robert  Edward  Lee's  Country. 

"Virginia  is  my  country.  Her  I  ^vill  obey,  hoivever  lament- 
able the  fate  to  which  it  may  subject  me." 

(Light-Horse  Harry  Lee.) 

Off  the  Atlantic  coast,  at  the  southeastern  corner  of  the 
State  of  Georgia,  lies  Cumberland  Island.  In  January,  1862, 
a  steamer  passing  through  the  channel  which  separates  it 
from  the  mainland,  drew  up  at  a  plantation  wharf  and  disem- 
barked two  officers,  uniformed  in  Confederate  grey.  For  some 
distance  they  followed  a  road,  shaded  by  live  oaks  and  mag- 
nolias, and  leading  into  the  extensive  grounds  surrounding  a 
deserted  mansion.  The  grounds  were  dotted  with  groups  of 
olive,  orange  and  lemon  trees,  and  adorned  with  glowing 
masses  of  subtropical  shrubbery.  They  entered  the  house  and 
after  admiring  for  a  moment  the  richly  carved  frames  of  the 
windows,  which  lighted  the  spacious  hall,  and  the  stately  stair- 
way, which  wound  its  spiral  course  to  the  upper  floors  of  the 
building,  they  descended  a  flight  of  steps  into  a  garden,  which 
even  in  its  neglected  state,  gave  proof  of  the  taste  and  care  of 
its  exiled  owners.  Passing  on  they  came  presently  to  a  dilap- 
idated wall  enclosing  a  cemetery,  and  entering,  stood  in  rev- 
erential silence  above  a  lonely  grave. 

The  officers  were  General  Robert  E.  Lee  and  his  military 
secretary,  Colonel  A.  L.  Long.  The  place  was  Dungeness,  the 
home  of  Nathaniel  Green,  the  friend  of  Washington  and  next 
to  Washington,  the  most  famous  soldier  of  the  Revolutionary 
War.  The  grave  was  the  grave  of  Light-Horse  Harry  Lee, 
once  the  brilliant  young  leader  of  Lee's  Legion,  the  man  who 
was  said  by  another  great  general  to  have  "sprung  a  soldier 


MEMORIAL   DAY    EXERCISES  209 

from  his  mother's  womb."  Robert  E.  Lee  was  a  little  lad  of 
six  years  when  his  illustrious  father,  with  health  wrecked  by 
cruel  injuries  received  at  the  hands  of  a  political  mob  in  Bal- 
timore, left  his  Virginian  home  for  the  West  Indies  in  vain 
hope  of  restoration.  After  years  of  loneliness  and  sadness  and 
suffering  he  once  more  turned  his  face  homeward;  but  on  the 
voyage  his  illness  returned  with  augmented  power.  He  was 
landed  by  his  own  request  on  Cumberland  Island,  and  there  in 
the  home  of  his  old  commander,  and  comforted  by  the  care  of 
Green's  daughter,  the  brilliant  soldier  of  the  Revolution,  the 
beloved  friend  of  Washington,  the  eloquent  eulogist  of  the 
Father  of  his  Country,  passed  the  anguished  hours  of  his  last 
days  on  earth. 

Only  twice  was  Robert  E.  Lee  able  to  visit  a  spot  so  sacred 
to  him.  Eight  years  later  on  the  last  journey  of  his  life,  in 
April,  1870,  he  stood  once  more  at  Dungeness  over  his  famous 
father's  grave.  His  daughter  was  with  him  and  covered  the 
tomb  with  beautiful  fresh  flowers.  The  island  had  been  dev- 
astated by  the  Union  troops  during  the  Civil  War  and  the 
home  of  Green's  daughter  had  been  burned  by  the  soldiers  of 
the  government  which  owed  its  existence  to  the  valor  of  her 
noble  father.  Only  the  bare  walls  remained.  "No  civilized 
nation,"  wrote  Lee  after  first  seeing  Dungeness,  "within  my 
knowledge  has  ever  carried  on  war  as  the  United  States  Gov- 
ernment has  against  us."  Today  we  may  write  the  closing 
chapter  in  the  story  of  this  home  of  one  of  our  Revolutionary 
heroes.  Mr.  Andrew  Carnegie,  who  has  caused  the  erection 
of  so  many  memorials  for  the  perpetuation  of  his  own  name, 
bought  Cumberland  Island,  and  to  make  room  for  a  modern 
mansion,  tore  down  the  massive  walls  of  Dungeness,  and  used 
the  materials  to  pave  his  roads.  Such  is  the  reverence  shown 
by  the  modern  millionaire  for  the  ancient  virtue  of  our  patriot 
captains  and  for  their  dwelling  places. 

Robert  Edward  Lee's  beautiful  fidelity  to  the  memory  of  an 
illustrious  father  gives  us  the  key-note  to  his  character  and 
genius.  It  seems  almost  a  sarcasm  on  the  boastful  claims, 
which  our  present  day  pundits  make  for  the  forces  of  educa- 
tion, that  the  greatest  soldier  of  the  American  Civil  War 


210  MEMORIAL   DAY    EXERCISES 

should  have  been  reared  by  a  gentle,  pious  woman,  and  fitted 
for  West  Point  by  a  God-fearing  Quaker.  Light-Horse  Harry 
Lee  never  saw  this  son  after  he  was  six  years  old,  nor  did  the 
father  at  any  time  exert  direct  influence  over  the  child.  The 
mother  held  his  training  altogether  in  her  own  hands  and  the 
relation  between  them  grew  into  a  rare  tenderness  and  in- 
timacy. When  he  left  her  to  go  to  the  military  academy,  his 
mother  was  heard  to  say,  "How  can  I  live  without  Robert? 
He  is  both  son  and  daughter  to  me."  Yet  Robert  showed  no 
traces  of  doubt  as  to  his  own  vocation.  The  son  of  a  great 
soldier,  he  went  straight  to  his  predestined  work.  Never  was 
there  a  more  complete  demonstration  of  the  dominant  force 
of  heredity,  and  the  comparative  importance  of  early  environ- 
ment. 

We  have  many  pictures  of  Lee  which  illustrate  his  military 
genius  and  his  inborn  taste  for  the  soldier's  life.  The  scene  of 
one  of  the  earliest  is  laid  at  Cerro  Gordo,  where  Santa  Anna 
and  his  army  guarded  the  approach  to  the  Mexican  capital. 
The  position  was  admirably  chosen  and  seemed  at  first  im- 
pregnable ;  the  Mexican  troops  were  powerfully  posted  and 
the  surrounding  hill-tops  bristled  with  their  artillery.  Captain 
Lee  of  the  U.  S.  Military  Engineers  was  charged  with  the  re- 
connoissance  of  the  region.  He  succeeded  in  discovering  a 
possible  approach  to  an  unoccupied  height,  to  which  Santa 
Anna  said  afterwards  he  "thought  not  even  a  goat  could 
climb."  The  reconnoissance  was  as  dangerous  as  it  was  diffi- 
cult. Once  Lee  ventured  alone  so  far  from  his  supporting 
column  that  he  found  himself  in  the  very  midst  of  a  squad  of 
his  enemies.  He  hid  himself  under  a  fallen  log  and  lay  there 
for  some  time,  while  the  Mexican  soldiers  actually  sat  down 
on  the  log  to  chat  and  rest.  The  result  of  Lee's  work  was  the 
occupation  of  this  commanding  point  by  an  American  battery, 
the  successful  storming  of  the  heights  of  Cerro  Gordo,  and  the 
complete  rout  of  the  Mexican  Army. 

This  exploit  is  only  one  of  many  illustrations  which  might 
be  drawn  from  the  Mexican  War  showing  Lee's  native  genius 
for  the  military  art,  his  dauntless  personal  courage,  his  serene 
presence  of  mind  in  moments  of  peril,  and  the  skill  with  which 


MEMORIAL    DAY    EXERCISES  211 

he  could  utilize  the  knowledge  won  by  his  audacity.  General 
Scott's  reports  are  full  of  commendations  of  his  daring  and  in- 
defatigable reconnoissances  as  well  as  of  his  coolness  and 
courage  under  fire,  and  Scott  classes  Lee's  exploration  of  the 
Pedregal  at  Contreras — a  jagged  waste  of  lava  swept  by  the 
Mexican  guns — as  "the  greatest  feat  of  physical  and  moral 
courage  performed  by  any  individual  during  the  campaign." 
Scott's  exalted  estimate  of  Lee,  whom  he  had  selected  to  suc- 
ceed him  in  command  of  the  United  States  Army,  is  well 
known  to  every  one.  It  is  not  uninteresting  to  add  the  estimate 
of  another  famous  American,  who  served  also  in  the  Mexican 
War.  This  contemporary  estimate  by  Raphael  Semmes,  the 
brilliant  admiral  of  the  Confederate  States  Navy,  is  less  well 
known ;  in  fact  I  have  never  seen  it  quoted. 

"The  services  of  Captain  Lee  were  invaluable  to  his  chief.  En- 
dowed with  a  mind  which  has  no  superior  in  his  corps,  and  pos- 
sessing great  energy  of  character,  he  examined,  counseled,  and  ad- 
vised with  a  judgment,  tact,  and  discretion  worthy  of  all  praise. 
His  talent  for  topography  was  peculiar;  he  seemed  to  receive  im- 
pressions intuitively,  which  it  cost  other  men  much  labor  to  ac- 
quire." 

I  believe  Generals  McClellan,  Pope,  B.urnside,  Hooker, 
Meade  and  Grant  would  all  have  endorsed  the  last  item  in  this 
estimate. 

Between  the  genius  and  character  of  our  own  Lee  and  those 
of  his  illustrious  father,  numerous  and  interesting  parallels 
might  be  traced.  In  the  art  of  war  we  find  in  both  the  same 
reasoned  audacity  in  conception  and  in  execution.  Both  used 
a  strategy  based  always  on  the  psychology  of  their  adversary. 
In  both  there  was  the  same  contempt  of  physical  danger,  the 
same  ardour  for  the  fray,  the  same  terrific  suddenness  to 
strike.  Both  shewed  the  same  tender  care  for  the  well-being 
of  their  soldiers  and  the  same  humanity  toward  the  innocent 
victims  of  the  cruelty  of  war.  In  both  there  was  the  same  ex- 
ultant confidence  of  victory,  the  same  magnificent  resilience 
under  disaster.  But  Harry  Lee  was  more  than  a  soldier ;  he  was 
an  orator,  a  statesman,  a  patriot.  The  whole  world  is  familiar 
with  the  golden  phrase  which  sprang  from  his  lips  when  he 


212  MEMORIAL   DAY   EXERCISES 

was  called  upon  by  Congress  to  pronounce  the  official  eulogium 
upon  the  great  Washington,  his  chief,  his  neighbor,  his  familiar 
friend. 

"First  in  war,  first  in  peace,  and  first  in  the  hearts  of  his  coun- 
trymen, he  was  second  to  none  in  the  humble  and  endearing  scenes 
of  private  life.  Pious,  just,  humane,  temperate,  serene,  uniform, 
dignified,  and  commanding;  his  example  was  as  edifying  to  all 
around  him  as  the  effects  of  that  example  were  lasting.  *  *  * 
He  survives  in  our  hearts,  in  the  growing  knowledge  of  our  chil- 
dren, in  the  affection  of  the  good  throughout  the  world." 

Hardly  less  eloquent  and  fuller  of  significance  for  the  his- 
tory of  Virginia  was  Harry  Lee's  tribute  to  his  native  state. 
Permit  me  to  tell  you  of  this  utterance,  so  interesting  to  us  be- 
cause in  the  crisis  of  his  fortunes  it  controlled  the  destiny  of 
Robert  Edward  Lee. 

Soon  after  Harry  Lee's  resignation  from  the  Continental 
Army  in  1782,  he  married  his  cousin,  Matilda  Lee,  the  heiress 
of  Stratford,  the  ancient  seat  of  the  Lees  in  Virginia,  which 
thus  became  in  time  the  birthplace  of  Robert  E.  Lee.  The 
four  years  now  given  by  the  young  soldier  to  domestic  life 
were  years  of  chaos  for  the  new  American  republic.  They 
demonstrated  the  impotence  of  the  Confederation  Congress 
and  proved  that  under  the  Articles  of  Confederation  the 
United  States  government  was  drifting  into  anarchy.  Once 
more  this  ancient  commonwealth  stepped  into  the  breach  and 
saved  the  country.  The  people  of  Virginia,  moved  by  a  sense 
of  the  public  peril,  sent  to  the  legislature  of  1786  their  best 
men.  This  legislature,  under  James  Madison's  leadership, 
called  a  national  convention,  and  this  convention  initiated  the 
movement  which,  in  1787,  created  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  States.  This  was  the  movement  which  swept  Harry 
Lee  into  political  life  and  made  him  delegate  to  the  legislature 
of  1786,  representative  in  the  Confederation  Congress  of  1786- 
88,  and  member  of  the  Virginia  Convention  of  1788,  which  rat- 
ified the  Federal  Constitution. 

Harry  Lee  was  an  ardent  Federalist.  Washington,  the  guide 
and  protector  of  his  militant  youth,  was  the  model  of  his  ma- 
turer  years,  and  Lee  was  earnest  to  bring  to  fulfilment  Wash- 


MEMORIAL   DAY   EXERCISES  213 

ington's  ideal  of  "an  indissoluble  union  of  the  States  under 
one  Federal  head."  Yet  despite  his  Federalism  no  one  can 
question  Harry  Lee's  unshaken  allegiance  to  his  native  state. 
In  1792,  while  he  was  Governor  of  Virginia,  Madison  offered 
him  an  important  military  command  in  the  United  States  ser- 
vice. His  reply  was  as  follows : 

"One  objection  I  should  only  have,  and  that  js  the  abandoning 
of  my  native  country,  to  whose  goodness  I  am  so  much  indebted. 
Xo  consideration  on  earth  could  induce  me  to  act  a  part,  however 
gratifying  to  me,  which  could  be  construed  into  disregard  or  for- 
getfulness  of  this  Commonwealth." 

Two  years  later  he  was  commissioned  by  President  Wash- 
ington to  surpress  the  Whiskey  Boys'  Insurrection ;  but  though 
commissioned  by  the  President  he  went  as  Governor  of  Vir- 
ginia and  commander  of  her  troops;  he  went  upon  invitation 
of  the  state  of  Pennsylvania;  and  he  went  by  authority  of  the 
state  of  Virginia.  In  the  famous  debate  upon  the  Virginia 
Resolutions  of  1798  he  again  took  perfectly  clear  ground  on 
the  side  of  the  Commonwealth,  and  then  in  more  concise  and 
more  eloquent  phrase  he  renewed  that  confession  of  Political 
faith,  already  made  in  his  letter  to  Madison, 

"Virginia  is  my  country.  Her  I  will  obey,  however  lamentable  the 
fate  to  which  it  may  subject  me."  ' 

This  came  from  the  man  whose  blood  flowed  in  the  veins  and 
beat  in  the  heart  of  Robert  Edward  Lee.  This  was  the  key  to 
our  Lee's  character,  the  map  of  his  destiny,  the  creed  of  his 
life. 

When  the  Secession  Convention  assembled  in  Richmond  in 
February,  1861,  Lee  was  Lieutenant  Colonel  of  the  Second  U. 
S.  Cavalry,  in  command  of  the  Department  of  Texas.  He  was 
promptly  recalled  to  Washington,  and  on  March  1st  he  re- 
ported at  the  War  Department.  General  Scott  had  described 
him  as  "the  very  best  soldier  I  ever  saw  in  the  field,"  and 
again,  as  "not  only  the  greatest  soldier  of  America,  but  the 
greatest  soldier  now  living  in  the  world."  Impressed  by 
Scott's  exalted  opinion  of  his  powers,  the  Federal  adminis- 
tration made  every  proper  effort  to  retain  Lee's  services  for 
the  Union.  He  was  at  once  promoted  Colonel  of  First  U.  S. 


214  MEMORIAL   DAY    EXERCISES 

Cavalry,  and  on  April  18th  the  command  of  the  Union  army 
about  to  be  brought  into  the  field  was  offered  to  him  by  au- 
thority of  President  Lincoln.  This  offer  Lee  at  once  declined ; 
though  opposed  to  secession,  he  refused  to  take  any  part  in  the 
invasion  of  the  Southern  States.  On  the  same  day  news 
reached  Washington  of  the  passage  of  the  Ordinance  of  Seces- 
sion by  the  Virginia  Convention.  Virginia's  action  brought 
Lee  to  face  the  crisis  of  his  life.  He  foresaw  that  he  might  at 
any  hour  be  called  upon  to  take  up  arms  against  his  native 
state.  This  he  had  resolved  never  to  do,  and  no  allurement  of 
high  rank,  no  bribe  of  wealth  or  fortune,  no  fear  of  inevitable 
disaster,  could  shake  his  constant  mind.  On  April  19th  he 
called  upon  his  beloved  and  admired  chief,  General  Scott,  to 
give  the  reason  for  his  refusal  to  accept  the  command  of  the 
Union  army.  On  the  same  night  he  wrote  his  letter,  resigning 
his  commission  in  the  U.  S.  Army;  and  on  April  20th,  1861, 
Lee  ceased  to  be  an  officer  of  the  Federal  government. 

The  explanation  of  Lee's  splendid  act  of  renunciation  is 
easy  for  those  who  remember  his  noble  inheritance  of  chivalric 
ideals  and  lofty  traditions.  For  six  generations  the  Lees  had 
been  Virginians  and,  whether  in  weal  or  woe,  faithful  to  the 
cause  of  the  Old  Dominion.  At  the  time  of  the  Revolutionary 
War  there  were  two  Lee  brothers  who  had  returned  to  the  old 
country  and  made  for  themselves  homes  in  England;  even  they 
took  the  side  of  the  revolting  colonies  and  came  back  to  Vir- 
ginia to  share  her  fortunes.  All  the  Lees  felt  with  Harry  Lee 
that  Virginia  was  their  country  and  that  the  noble  part  was  to 
keep  faith  with  their  mother-state.  Robert  E.  Lee  was  an  of- 
ficer in  the  United  States  Army  and  devoted  to  his  calling;  but 
he  was  likewise  a  Virginian,  faithful  and  a  loving  son  to  a 
noble  mother.  His  citizenship  was  in  her,  and  from  her  he 
could  not  be  divided.  As  Virginia  went,  so  Lee  went.  He 
hated  slavery,  he  condemned  secession ;  he  knew  the  strength 
of  the  North  and  the  weakness  of  the  South ;  but  the  path  of 
duty  lay  plain  before  him,  and  when  Virginia  called  the  roll  of 
her  sons,  Lee  answered,  Present. 

We  owe  to  Mrs.  Lee  the  only  direct  testimony  we  possess  as 
to  that  night  upon  the  heights  of  Arlington  when  Lee  at  last 


MEMORIAL   DAY   EXERCISES  215 

resolved  to  resign  his  commission   in  the  army  of  the   United 
States.     What  follows  is  recorded  as  coming  from  her  lips : 

"After  his  last  interview  with  General  Scott  he  returned  to  Ar- 
lington deeply  affected  by  the  circumstances  which  surrounded  him, 
and  anxious  to  decide  what  was  his  present  duty.  The  night  his 
letter  of  resignation  was  written  he  asked  to  be  left  alone  for  a 
time,  and  while  he  paced  the  chamber  above,  and  was  heard  fre- 
quently to  fall  on  his  knees  in  prayer  for  divine  guidance,  she 
watched  and  waited  and  prayed  below.  At  last  he  came  down — 
calm,  collected,  almost  cheerful — and  said,  'Well  Mary,  the  ques- 
tion is  settled.  Here  is  my  letter  of  resignation,  and  a  letter  I 
have  written  General  Scott.' " 

What  heart  can  gaze  unmoved  upon  this  scene  of  sacrifice 
and  duty,  of  fidelity  and  devotion?  Lee  was  too  good  a  sol- 
dier, too  wise  a  man,  too  true  an  American  not  to  know  what 
war  between  the  states  would  mean.  Upon  the  altar  of  his 
country,  Virginia,  he  laid  that  night  his  martial  fame,  his 
worldly  fortunes,  and  his  patriot  pride.  But  let  us  not  forget 
that  fragile  Mary  Custis  shared  too  in  the  offering.  She  gave 
the  home  of  her  childhood  and  her  love,  with  all  that  to  a 
woman  makes  life  precious  and  earth  dear.  She  resigned 
wealth  and  comfort  and  wordly  ease  and  all  the  sweet  tran- 
quilities  of  the  social  order  in  which  she  was  born.  She  left 
behind  her  the  sacred  ashes  of  her  parents,  the  noble  memo- 
rials of  Washington's  affection  for  his  adopted  son,  and  every 
sweet  memento  of  her  childhood  and  girlhood  and  womanhood 
and  wifehood.  Which  was  the  greater  hero — Lee  or  his  gen- 
tle wife?  Let  Him,  who  reads  the  hearts  of  men,  give  the  an- 
swer. 

In  recent  years  two  New  Englanders  of  distinction  and  cul- 
ture have  given  to  the  public  painstaking  studies  of  Lee's  char- 
acter and  career.  It  has  been  said  that  at  least  one  of  them  be- 
gan these  studies  with  a  hostile  mind  and  was  won  over  from 
enmity  to  admiration  by  the  beauty  and  nobility  of  the  soul  he 
studied.  Let  us  hear  in  brief  the  verdict  they  render  on  Lee's 
decision  at  this  crisis  of  his  fate. 

"As  to  Robert  E.  Lee,  I  can  only  repeat  what  I  have  already 
said.  If  in  all  respects  similarly  circumstanced,  I  hope  I  should 


216  MEMORIAL   DAY    EXERCISES 

have  been  filial  enough  and  unselfish  enough  to  have  done  as  Lee 
did.  Such  an  utterance  on  my  part  may  be  traitorous;  but  I  here 
render  that  homage." 

This  from  a  Union  soldier,  Charles  Francis  Adams,  who  for 
four  years  fought  against  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia. 
The  other,  from  Gamaliel  Bradford,  Jr.,  is  no  less  explicit : 

"I  do  not  hesitate  to  say  that  in  the  certainly  most  improbable, 
but  perhaps  not  wholly  impossible  contingency  of  a  future  sectional 
separation  in  the  country,  however  much  I  might  disapprove  of 
such  separation  and  its  causes,  I  should  myself  be  first,  last,  and 
always,  a  son  and  a  subject  of  New  England  and  of  Massachusetts." 

Charles  Sumner  of  Massachusetts,  standing  in  his  place  in 
the  Senate  of  the  United  States,  said  that  he  did  not  propose 
to  speak  of  Lee,  but  was  content  to  "hand  him  over  to  the 
avenging  pen  of  history."  We  may  see  in  these  two  cases  how 
in  the  Massachusetts  of  today  the  avenging  pen  of  history  is 
dealing  with  the  great  Confederate  Captain. 

Speculations  as  to  what  would  have  happened  if  Lee  had  de- 
serted Virginia  for  the  Union  side  are  perfectly  futile.  For 
Lee  the  act  would  have  been  impossible ;  but  in  another  case 
we  know  what  did  happen.  George  Henry  Thomas  was  also 
a  Virginian  from  Southampton  County.  He  was  educated  at 
West  Point,  was  assigned  to  the  Artillery,  saw  service  in  the 
Seminole  and  Mexican  wars,  and  in  1860  was  in  Texas  under 
Lee's  command.  Of  the  twelve  officers  in  the  same  regiment 
who  attained  high  rank  in  the  Civil  War,  six  were  Southern- 
ers. All  six  intended  to  resign  and  offer  their  services  to  their 
native  states.  Five  did  so;  but  Thomas,  after  applying  for  an 
appointment  to  the  Governor  of  Virginia,  changed  his  mind.  In 
the  favourite  phrase  of  the  other  side,  he  was  "true  to  the 
Union,"  and  in  May,  1861,  he  was  promoted  Colonel  and  given 
Lee's  old  regiment.  Thenceforward  he  served  brilliantly  and 
effectively  on  the  Union  side,  but  with  meagre  recognition. 
His  name  was  put  into  the  congratulatory  order  published  after 
Mill  Springs,  the  very  first  Union  victory  (19th  January, 
1862),  but  was  stricken  out.  "He  is  a  Virginian,"  said  Lin- 
coln, "let  him  wait."  He  was  slated  to  succeed  Buell  after 
Perryville,  but  at  the  last  moment  the  order  was  changed  and 


MEMORIAL   DAY    EXERCISES  217 

still  he  waited.  Murfreesboro  came,  Chickamauga  came,  Mis- 
sionary Ridge  came,  and  still  Thomas  waited.  Even  while  he 
held  the  Confederates  at  bay  before  Nashville  in  December, 
1864,  he  was  threatened  with  removal.  Then  like  a  thunder- 
bolt came  his  crushing  defeat  of  Hood,  the  most  brilliant  vic- 
tory won  by  any  Union  general  during  the  entire  war.  Con- 
gress, for  very  shame,  acted  at  last,  and,  when  the  war  was 
practically  over,  made  Thomas  a  major-general.  Two  years 
later  he  was  offered  the  brevet  of  lieutenant-general  and  re- 
fused it.  He  had  taken  his  thirty  pieces  of  silver;  he  could  do 
no  more ! 

The  story  is  told  in  Eastern  Virginia,  that  after  the  war, 
Thomas  came  back  to  Southampton  County,  where  his  two 
maiden  sisters  still  lived  in  their  old  home.  The  Union  officer 
went  to  a  little  country  inn  near  by,  and  sent  thence  a  note  to 
the  Thomas  ladies,  saying  that  their  kinsman,  Major-General 
.G.  H.  Thomas,  U.  S.  A.,  would  be  glad  to  call  upon  them. 
The  two  ladies  returned  a  reply,  written  with  perfect  simplic- 
ity and  courtesy,  that  they  had  suffered  many  losses  and  many 
sorrows,  and  in  consequence,  lived  in  quiet  and  retirement; 
that  they  had  no  living  relatives  of  their  own  name,  so  that 
General  Thomas  must  be  in  error  in  describing  himself  as  a 
kinsman ;  that  they  once  had  a  dear  brother  named  George, 
but  to  their  deep  grief  he  died  in  1861 ;  that  they  begged  there- 
fore to  be  excused  from  receiving  General  Thomas.  Such  are 
things  which  happened  to  a  great  soldier;  one  of  the  greatest 
in  the  Civil  War,  because  he  was  a  Virginian,  who  was  "true 
to  the  Union." 

How,  finally,  shall  we  assess  Lee's  action  in  the  hour  of  his 
trial?  That  he  denied  the  right  of  secession  and  believed  that 
mutual  forbearance  and  wise  tolerance  of  acknowledged  evils 
would  have  averted  war  between  North  and  South,  is  most 
true ;  so  felt  and  believed  tens  of  thousands  of  other  Virgin- 
ians, who,  in  their  humbler  places,  gave  up  life  and  fortune 
without  a  murmur  in  obedience  to  the  summons  of  their  na- 
tive state.  That  he  believed  slavery  to  be  a  moral  wrong  and 
a  social  evil,  a  burden  to  the  white  race  and  a  degradation  to 
the  black,  is  also  most  true;  the  greatest  statesmen  of  Virginia 


218  -MEMORIAL   DAY    EXERCISES 

had  felt  as  he  felt;  had  spoken  as  he  spoke;  and  even  in  1861 
there  were  thousands  of  other  Virginians,  who,  like  Lee, 
would  have  willingly  liberated  every  slave  in  the  South,  if  thus 
peace  and  harmony  could  have  been  restored  to  a  distracted 
country.  That  he  cherished  for  the  army  of  the  United  States 
a  devoted  love  and  an  exalted  esteem ;  that  he  felt  in  his  call- 
ing as  soldier  a  noble  pride;  that  all  of  hope  and  ambition  and 
aspiration  in  his  lofty  soul  yearned  toward  the  flag  of  the 
Union  and  the  profession  of  arms,  is  beyond  cavil  and  beyond 
doubt.  The  anguished  night  on  the  heights  of  Arlington,  when 
he  penned  his  letter  of  resignation,  was  the  Gethsemane  of  his 
life,  and  listening,  angels  heard  from  his  lips  the  fervent 
prayer,  "Father,  let  this  cup  pass  from  me !"  But  it  is  no  less 
certain  and  no  less  true  that  he  never  doubted  his  duty ;  that 
he  never  for  one  single  hour  faltered  or  feared  to  tread  its  ar- 
duous and  thorny  path.  Virginia  was  Lee's  country,  and  her 
he  was  resolute  to  obey,  however  lamentable  the  fate  to  which 
it  might  subject  him. 


ANNUAL  MEMORIAL  DAY  EXERCISES,  MAY  30,  1916. 
FROM  THE  Daily  Progress. 

The  annual  memorial  exercises  were  held  at  five  o'clock  yes- 
terday afternoon  at  the  University  Cemetery,  and  a  large  as- 
semblage was  present  to  do  honor  to  the  heroic  Confederate 
dead  who  lie  'buried  there. 

The  exceptionally  interesting  program  was  impressively  car- 
ried out,  Major  Channing  M.  Bolton,  Commander  of  the  John 
Bowie  Strange  Camp,  presiding. 

The  invocation  was  offered  by  Dr.  Petrie,  Chaplain  of  the 
Camp,  and  the  address  of  the  occasion  was  made  by  Dr.  H.  B. 
Lee,  who  pleased  his  hearers  greatly  by  his  beautiful  tributes  to 
the  Confederate  dead,  to  the  Confederate  women,  and  to  the 
faithful  slaves. 

The  bestowal  of  crosses  was  next  in  order,  Mrs.  Goss,  cus- 
todian of  crosses,  delivering  them.  The  Mason  Gordon  Auxili- 
ary Chapter  and  the  Boy  Scouts  added  greatly  to  the  interest 


MEMORIAL   DAY    EXERCISES  219 

of  the  occasion.  The  former  sang  sweetly  "Maryland  My 
Maryland,"  and  "Tenting  Tonight,"  Miss  Laura  Wood  accom- 
panying them  and  Mrs.  Hudson  and  Miss  Constance  Leach- 
man  leading. 

After  the  decoration  of  the  graves  the  Monticello  Guard 
fired  salutes. 

Dr.  Petric's  Prayer. 

The  prayer,  offered  by  Dr.  Petrie,  was  as  follows : 

"O  Thou  who  wast  and  art  and  art  to  come,  author  of  all  our 
gifts,  Thou  hast  endowed  us  with  memory,  whose  vivid  pictures 
can  never  be  effaced ;  whose  recollections  shall  endure.  The 
teeming  interests  of  fifty  years  blot  not  out  the  thoughts  of 
the  now  distant  scenes  of  arduous  struggles  and  fierce  warfare. 

So,  thinking  back,  we  recall  the  sorrows,  when  Thou  wast 
our  only  Comforter.  We  remember  the  poverty,  when  Thou 
wast  our  supply.  We  forget  not  the  want,  when  Thou  only 
gavest  to  us;  the  trouble,  when  no  voice  to  help  but  Thine  was 
heard ;  the  perils,  amidst  which  only  Thou  wast  our  shelter ; 
when  no  door  of  bounty  was  open  to  us  but  that  of  Thy  abun- 
ance;  when  to  our  cry  of  distress,  there  came  no  answer  from 
all  the  world  but  the  answer  of  Thy  abiding  Word. 

In  the  battle,  on  the  march,  in  the  camp,  in  the  home,  severed 
from  all  the  world,  we  were  not  severed  from  Thee.  But  in 
light,  in  darkness;  in  want,  in  wealth;  in  quiet,  in  tumult;  in 
pain,  in  pleasure ;  in  storm,  in  calm,  Thou  wast  ever  near  to 
hear  our  call,  to  strengthen  our  hand,  and  to  encourage  our 
heart. 

Thy  presence  was  our  support  in  the  years  of  our  severe  soli- 
tude. 

When  every  gateway  leading  out  into  the  great  world  of  na- 
tions closed  fast,  and  no  message  of  love  and  no  gift  of  kind- 
ness came  to  remind  us  of  the  human  bond,  Thy  daily  blessings 
were  like  angels,  fresh  from  our  Father's  throne,  bearing  tid- 
ings of  His  love. 

These  visions  of  the  past  are  still  radiant.  Nothing  can  dim 
their  brightness ;  nothing  impair  their  beauty. 

We  bring  Thee  memory's  offering  of  praise  and  gratitude,  as 


220  MEMORIAL   DAY    EXERCISES 

through  the  vista  of  fifty  years  we  gaze  with  wonder  at  Thy 
unfailing  love. 

O  Thou  who  art,  Thou  givest  us  today  an  appreciation  of  the 
mercies  that  bless  us  now.  How  wonderful  have  been  Thy 
dealings  with  us ;  how  marvelous  the  transformations  of  our 
beloved  land !  They  have  been  more  brilliant  than  the  boldest 
prophet  who  dared  to  tell  us ;  brighter  than  any  wanderer  on 
Bethel's  height  could  ever  dream.- 

Because  the  hand  of  Thy  beneficence  has  touched  us,  and  the 
heart  of  Thy  love  has  poured  out  its  treasures  to  us,  and  the 
voice  of  Thy  guidance  has  been  heard,  we  are  encompassed 
with  blessings  beyond  all  that  we  might  have  hoped.  The  scenes 
of  strife  that  became  Aceldamas  have  been  transformed  into 
gardens  of  beauty  and  delight.  So  we  have  lost  the  very  traces 
of  desolations.  It  is  marvelous  in  our  eyes.  It  is  because  Thou 
didst  it. 

While  in  the  long  ago  we  were  the  center  of  human  conflict, 
and  the  nations  of  the  world  looked  on  from  their  peaceful 
lands,  in  Thy  leading  we  to-day,  well  nigh  alone  of  earth's  great 
nations,  dwelling  in  serenest  peace,  look  with  wonder  on  the 
world  at  strife.  How  calm  and  quiet  is  every  day  to  us,  in  our 
well-favored  land;  how  full  of  comfort  and  happiness,  of  all 
that  is  fitted  to  make  life  dear  and  desirable,  while  the  thunders 
of  war  are  heard  elsewhere,  and  human  carnage  reaps  its  hor- 
rible harvest. 

O  Thou  who  art,  we  offer  praise  to  Thee  for  the  favor  be- 
stowed upon  us  now. 

O  Thou  who  art  to  come,  Thou  has  endowed  us  with  a 
forward  look.  Thou  hast  kindled  in  us  the  light  of  hope.  Hope 
inspires  in  us  great  desire.  We  make  our  prayer  to  Thee. 
From  now  through  all  the  coming  years  consecrate  us  to  what 
is  best.  Give  us  high  aims,  noble  purposes,  firm  resolves.  Make 
us  brave,  keep  us  brave.  Enable  us  to  achieve  greater  things. 
Whatever  is  wrong  in  us  set  right.  In  life's  great  battle,  make 
us  victors.  Prepare  us  for  the  wreath  of  triumph. 

Bless  the  fair  daughters  who  have  convened  us  here.  May 
their  abounding  love  for  this  sacred  cause  be  the  measure  of  all 
blessings  that  shall  enrich  them. 


MEMORIAL   DAY    EXERCISES  221 

Bless  the  soldiers  of  today.  May  their  readiness  to  serve  and 
their  brave  hearts  be  the  sweet  guarantee  of  peace. 

Bless  the  veterans.  May  Thy  care  of  them  in  the  past  be  the 
sure  prophecy  of  Thy  constant  and  continuous  care. 

Bless  our  Southland.  Bless  this  nation.  Bless  the  President 
of  the  United  States.  Preserve  his  life  and  health.  Give  him 
all  needful  wisdom  to  guide  this  nation  through  these  trying 
times.  In  his  guidance  may  this  nation  serve  the  cause  of  peace 
in  all  the  world.  May  this  nation,  by  neutrality  well  preserved, 
at  the  opportune  moment,  arbitrate  and  meditate  to  bring  peace 
to  those  who  are  at  war. 

Bless  Thy  servant,  who  brings  to  us  the  message  of  the  hour. 
May  the  lingering  light  of  the  heroic  days  and  men  commemo- 
rated by  us  brighten  our  paths  and  beautify  our  lives,  Thou 
Jesus  Christ,  Amen. 

Address  by  Rev.  H.  B.  Lee,  D.  D. 

Major  Bolton  introduced  Dr.  H.  B.  Lee,  Rector  of  Christ 
Church.  In  an  interesting  and  appropriate  manner,  D'r.  Lee 
said: 

Veterans :  O  how  I  wish  it  were  in  my  power  to  call  you 
comrades !  I  feel,  whenever  I  appear  before  you  men  wfao 
fought  in  the  war,  that  I  must  apologize,  because  I  am  neither  a 
veteran  nor  a  son  of  a  veteran.  The  only  reason  why  I  am  not 
a  veteran  nor  a  son  is,  that  I  was  too  young  and  my  father  too 
old  to  enter  the  army. 

In  my  boyhood  days  a  popular  question  for  discussion  in  our 
debating  society  was,  "Do  men  make  crises,  or  do  crises  make 
men?"  Were  I  now  called  on  to  debate  this  question,  I  think  I 
would  do  as  some  men  did  during  the  war  between  the  Con- 
federate States  of  America  and  the  United  States,  namely,  take 
both  sides ;  and  that,  not  because  I  want  to  "tote  water  on  both 
shoulders,"  but  because,  in  a  sense,  both  are  true. 

It  is  conceded  that  there  are  two  sides  to  every  question.  Cer- 
tainly there  are  to  this.  Whether  men  make  crises,  or  crises 
make  men,  one  thing  is  certain,  a  crisis  develops  men. 

I  mean  by  this,  that  the  crisis  which  confronted  the  South  in 


222  MEMORIAL  DAY    EXERCISES 

>• 

1861,  developed  in  our  people  a  courage  of  conviction,  a  loyalty 
to  the  state,  and  powers  of  endurance,  of  which  they  themselves 
were  ignorant.  It  brought  out  soldierly  qualities  in  men  which 
those  most  intimate  with  them  never  dreamed  of  their  possess- 
ing. Let  me  illustrate : 

First,  I  will  take  the  case  of  a  man  from  the  ranks  whom  I 
knew.  This  boy's  father  and  mother  were  plain,  simple,  'hard- 
working people,  who  lived  a  quiet,  peaceable  life.  He  had  been 
apprenticed  to  a  carpenter,  which  business  he  despised  because 
it  required  him  to  work,  a  thing  he  had  never  been  known  to 
do  willingly,  and  from  which  he  invariably  escaped,  if  there  was 
any  way  of  escape ;  and  being  possessed  of  great  resources  in  the 
matter  of  dodging,  a  capacity  which  stood  him  in  good  stead 
later,  he  generally  managed  to  get  away  from  work.  This  boy 
was  named  William  Clemmens,  familiarly  known  as  "Billy." 
At  the  age  of  15,  or  under,  Billy  went  into  the  army  as  a  sub- 
stitute. But  in  about  six  months  he  decided  that  he  would 
add  to  the  strength  of  the  Confederate  army  by  going  in  on 
his  own  hook,  and  so  notified  his  principal,  who  was  promptly 
conscripted.  Billy  was  considered  a  great  coward,  as  well  as 
lazy.  But  his  cowardice  was  not  so  great  as  his  laziness,  for  he 
thought  that  in  the  army  he  would  have  no  work  to  do.  It  was 
not  long  before  Billy's  heart  became  fired  with  as  intense  loyalty 
to  the  cause  as  that  of  any  soldier  in  his  regiment.  In  a  little 
while  he  was  as  noted  for  his  daring  courage,  as  among  his  boy- 
hood companions,  he  had  been  conspicuous  for  cowardice.  He 
became  as  active  and  energetic  in  all  duties  in  camp  and  on  the 
march,  as  he  had  been  indolent. 

It  is  really  a  pity  that  a  full  biography  of  this  soldier  boy 
could  not  be  written.  He  was  killed  in  the  raid  which  General 
Rosser  made  on  Beverly,  West  Virginia,  in,  I  think,  the  winter 
of  '64— '65. 

Billy  represents  a  class  of  soldiers  which  largely  formed  the 
ranks  of  the  Confederate  army.  I  beg  you  not  to  think  that  all, 
or  even  a  goodly  portion  of  them,  were  either  lazy  or  cowardly. 
This  would  be  slanderous.  What  I  mean  is,  that  the  crisis  of 
'61  developed  splendid  soldierly  qualities  which  none  ever 
dreamed  our  young  men  possessed. 


MEMORIAL  DAY    EXERCISES  223 

My  purpose  in  calling  attention  to  this  fact  is  two-fold :  first, 
to  pay  honor  to  our  private  soldiers,  living  and  dead.  My  sec- 
ond object  is  to  say  that,  should  another  crisis  arise,  I  am  satis- 
fied you  will  find  abundant  material  ready  to  hand  for  any 
emergency. 

While  from  my  heart  I  pray  Almighty  God  we  may  never 
have  another  call  to  arms,  yet  should  foreign  foe  set  foot  on 
Amercan  soil  there  will  be  millions  like  Billy.  I  am  not  arguing 
against  what  is  known  as  "preparedness."  Common  sense 
teaches  precaution.  The  spirit  of  '61  is  still  aglow  in  the  hearts 
of  the  manhood  and  womanhood  of  our  people. 

We  do  not  have  to  forget  or  to  apologize  for  Manassas  or 
Appomattox,  nor  need  we  forget  the  principles  for  which  our 
soldiers  fought  to  make  -us  loyal,  brave  and  true  to  the  flag  that 
now  floats  over  an  undivided  country. 

While  loyal  to  the  country  as  she  now  is,  we  will  say,  con- 
cerning our  beloved  Confederacy,  "If  I  forget  Thee,  O  Jeru- 
salem, let  my  right  hand  forget  her  cunning.  If  I  do  not  re- 
member thee,  let  my  tongue  cleave  to  the  roof  of  my  mouth,  if 
I  prefer  not  Jerusalem  above  my  chief  joy."  Without  disloy- 
alty you  may  substitute  "Confederacy"  for  "Jerusalem." 

That  crisis  developed  leaders  which  astounded  the  world; 
leaders  whose  fame  will  last  as  long  as  history  is  written  and 
read.  Stonewall  Jackson,  Robert  E.  Lee,  and  Jefferson  Davis 
were  known  as  good  men  and  true,  as  may  be  said  of  many  oth- 
ers ;  but  it  required  that  terrific  crisis  to  develop  their  marvel- 
ous and  unrivaled  gifts. 

Our  late  revered  and  honored  townsman,  Colonel  Charles 
Venable,  of  blessed  memory,  in  writing  of  General  Jackson, 
says :  "He  was  noted  for  his  great  devotion  to  the  duties  of 
his  calling  (that  of  Professor  in  the  V.  M.  I.)  ;  sternness  in  the 
enforcement  of  discipline;  great  purity  of  life  and  character; 
professed  religious  fervor;  strong  will,  and  intensity  of  pur- 
pose. Yet  who  would  have  imagined  that  the  quiet  Professor 
would  accomplish  such  wonderful  results  as  he  did  between 
April,  '61,  when  he  took  charge  of  the  Confederate  forces  at 
Harpers  Ferry,  and  two  years  later,  when  he  fell  mortally 
wounded  at  Chancellorsville. 


224  MEMORIAL  DAY   EXERCISES 

Major  Thomas  J.  Jackson  was  known,  respected  and  ad- 
mired in  his  limited  sphere  of  activities;  but  it  took  a  crisis  to 
bring  out,  and  place  before  the  world,  "Stonewall"  Jackson. 

Robert  Edward  'Lee,  from  boyhood  to  manhood,  was  the  type 
of  that  refinement,  culture  and  loyalty  for  which  his  state  was 
noted.  His  Christian  character,  soldierly  qualities  and  noble 
bearing,  made  him  a  man  of  mark  in  every  company,  and  in  all 
walks  of  life;  but  that  fiery  crisis  of  '61-'65  made  him  "Ole 
Marse  Robert,"  the  Peerless.  To  my  mind,  it  is  useless  to  draw 
comparisons  between  General  Lee  and  any  soldier  who  ever 
commanded  an  army;  he  stands  alone. 

Mr.  Davis  had  many  rivals,  it  may  -be  peers,  before  '61,  but  in 
his  sphere  of  useful  activity  during  the  war  he,  too,  stands  alone. 
In  my  mind,  and  in  my  heart,  he  is  the  embodiment  of  Chris- 
tian statesmanship,  Christian  culture,  Christian  patriotism  and 
self-sacrifice.  In  his  grave  lies  buried  a  nation's  hope,  a  nation's 
glory,  and  a  nation's  love  and  devotion.  There  was  but  one 
Southern  Confederacy,  so  there  was  but  one  Davis,  one  Lee, 
one  Jackson;  but  let  another  crisis  arise  and  that  crisis  will  de- 
velop men  for  any  emergency.  That  crisis  developed  in  the 
women  of  the  South  courage,  endurance,  and  cheerful  sacri- 
fice which  rivaled,  if  it  did  not  exceed,  the  bravery  of  our  sol- 
dier boys.  I  would  I  had  the  power  to  speak  in  fitting  terms  of 
the  Southern  women,  but  I  have  not,  and  so  will  not  attempt  it. 
No  monument  which  the  skill  and  wealth  of  man  could  erect 
would  do  her  justice.  Indeed,  she  needs  none.  Her  character 
is  far  more  enduring  than  marble,  granite  or  bronze;  for  time 
will  wear  these  away,  or  cause  them  to  crumble,  but  as  long  as 
men  admire  the  true,  the  beautiful  and  good,  they  will  look 
back  to  the  women  of  the  South  of  '61  to  '65. 

That  crisis  brought  out  in  the  Southern  slaves  traits  of  char- 
acter that  call  for  recognition.  Their  loyalty  to  master  and  mis- 
tress; their  fidelity,  watchfulness,  and  courage,  were  great  and 
most  surprising.  The  teachers  of  the  negro  race,  if  they  would 
find  the  best  possible  examplars  for  their  pupils,  should  them- 
selves study  the  character  of  the  Southern  slave  of  the  war  pe- 
riod and  portray  the  same  as  clearly  as  possible. 

In  closing,  I  say,  God  bless  you,  veterans.     May  your  declin- 


HENRY  W.  BATTLE,  D.  D. 

CHAPLAIN-IN-CHIEF  OF  THE   UNITED   SONS   OF   CONFEDERATE  VETERANS 

Commander  of  the  R.  T.  W.  Duke  Camp,  S.  C.  V. 


MEMORIAL   DAY    EXERCISES  225 

ing  years  be  as  peaceful  and  quiet  as  your  early  days  were 
stormy  and  tempestuous ;  when  in  the  vigor  of  your  manhood 
you  engaged  in  the  defense  of  your  homes  and  firesides.  In 
thus  raising  Davis,  Lee  and  Jackson  to  such  an  exalted  position, 
I  do  not  mean  to  derogate  from  the  high  character  and  splen- 
did courage  of  the  army  at  large.  Some  are  of  the  opinion 
that  "the  breed  has  run  out."  This  is  not  true;  for  should  such 
another  crisis  arise,  Virginia  has  in  these  boys  and  youths  the 
material  which  will  make  soldiers  and  statesmen  equal  to  any 
emergency. 

I  thank  you  most  cordially  for  giving  me  the  honor  and  the 
privilege  of  addressing  you  to-day. 


MEMORIAL  DAY  IS  OBSERVED.     UNIVERSITY  CEM- 
ETERY, MAY  30th,  1917. 

» 

ABLE  ADDRESS  BY  DR.  HENRY  W.  BATTLE. 

The  Memorial  Day  exercises  on  Thursday,  by  the  Confed- 
erate veterans  and  the  ladies  of  Albemarle  Chapter  of  the  United 
Daughters  of  the  Confederacy,  were  unusually  beautiful  and 
impressive.  The  simplicity  and  solemnity  of  the  occasion  deeply 
impressed  all  present.  Nature  with  a  lavish  hand  has  embell- 
ished this  sacred  bivouac  of  the  dead  with  much  of  beauty  and 
charm. 

The  day  was  perfect.  The  scene,  with  its  sylvan  quietness, 
was  solemnly  impressive  and  indescribable.  The  fast  receding 
sun,  with  its  resplendent  rays  gilding  the  foliage  with  ever 
changing  views  and  with  kaleidoscopic  loveliness,  transformed 
it  into  one  of  inexpressible  beauty,  and  covered  all  with  a  halo 
of  surpassing  splendor  and  grandeur. 

With  the  Nation  astir  with  preparation  for  war  once  again 
against  a  foreign  foe,  these  heroic  remnants  of  the  proud  bat- 
talions that  marched  under  the  Stars  and  Bars,  assembled  in 
their  annual  parade  to  pay  their  memorial  tribute  to  the  brave 
ones  who  fell  on  the  stricken  fields  from  '61  to  '65. 

As  usual,  the  ladies  of  the  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy  led 
in  the  simple  exercises  of  honoring  the  noble  dead  who  lie  bur- 


226  MEMORIAL  DAY    EXERCISES 

led  in  the  different  cemeteries  in  the  city,  and  the  morning  was 
spent  in  the  placing  of  new-cut  flowers  on  the  graves  in  Oak- 
wood  Cemetery,  where  sleep,  many  who  fell  for  the  cause  of 
the  Confederacy. 

A  touching  feature  of  the  occasion  was  the  presentation  of 
Confederate  crosses  to  the  following  additional  persons  who 
have  been  reported  to  the  chapter  of  the  Daughters  and  found 
entitled  to  the  same : 

Messrs.  W.  B.  Wood,  Robert  W.  Johns  and  Professor  Har- 
ris Hancock ;  and  Mrs.  Fannie  M.  Harris  and  Mrs.  James  H. 
Jones. 

The  gathering  then  marched  into  the  quiet  "City  of  the 
Dead,"  and  decorated  the  graves  of  those  who  rest  beneath 
with  the  beautiful  flowers  of  the  season,  in  token  of  love  and 
remembrance. 

'According  to  a  recent  plan,  designed  to  mark  permanently 
every  soldier's  grave,  the  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy  had 
placed  at  the  head  of  each  a  metal  cross,  eighteen  inches  in 
height,  made  impervious  to  the  weather  by  waterproof  paint, 
and  bearing  the  following  simple  legend : 

On  the  upper  portion,  "1861-1865,"  and  on  the  cross  piece, 
the  letters,  "C.  S.  A." 

The  parade  was  composed  of  the  following  units  and  organi- 
zations : 

Fire  Department  Drum  Corps;  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp, 
Confederate  Veterans ;  R.  T.  W.  Duke  Camp,  Sons  of  Veterans ; 
Company  D,  First  Virginia  Regiment  N.  G.  (the  Monticello 
Guard)  ;  Albemarle  Chapter  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy,  and 
the  Boy  Scouts. 

At  the  University  Cemetery  the  exercises  consisted  of  the 
invocation,  the  Memorial  address,  by  Rev.  Henry  W.  Battle, 
D.  D.,  and  a  Memorial  Ode,  by  Mr.  James  McManaway,  of  the 
University. 

C.  B.  Linney,  Adjutant  of  the  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp, 
presided,  presenting  Rev.  Beverly  D.  Tucker,  of  Christ's  Epis- 
copal Church,  who  offered  the  following  eloquent  and  appro- 
priate invocation : 


MEMORIAL  DAY   EXERCISES  227 

Reverend  Tucker's  Prayer. 

O  Almighty  God,  who  dost  govern  all  things  in  heaven  and 
earth,  we,  Thy  humble  servants,  do  turn  unto  Thee  for  guid- 
ance and  strength.  We  have  heard  with  our  ears,  and  our  fa- 
thers have  declared  unto  us,  the  noble  works  that  Thou  didst  in 
their  day  and  in  the  old  time  before  them.  We  yield  Thee  high 
praise  and  hearty  thanks  for  all  those  thy  servants,  who,  in  the 
hours  of  their  country's  need,  fought  the  good  fight,  kept  the 
faith,  and  laid  down  their  lives  for  their  friends.  And  we  be- 
seech Thee  that,  in  this  new  day  of  testing,  we  may  dedicate 
ourselves  in  the  spirit  of  our  fathers  to  our  country's  call.  Bless 
our  leaders  with  vision  and  strength  in  upholding  the  high  cause 
of  human  liberty.  Shield  from  every  evil  the  men  who  serve  in 
the  army  and  navy,  and  inspire  them  with  a  holy  enthusiasm. 
Animate  the  minds  of  the  people  with  the  unifying  spirit  of 
sacrificial  patriotism.  O  Lord  God  of  hosts,  strengthen  and 
guide  this  nation  and  our  allies,  that  we  may  labor  with  valor 
for  the  establishment  on  earth  of  Thy  reign  of  law  and  love, 
of  freedom  and  righteousness,  and  crown  our  endeavors  with 
speedy  victory  and  lasting  peace,  through  Jesus  Christ,  our 
Lord  and  Captain.  Amen. 

Mr.  Linney's  Introduction. 

Mr.  C.  B.  Linney  then  introduced  Dr.  Battle  in  the  follow- 
ing elegant  and  appropriate  remarks: 

The  women  of  our  Southland  are  admired  the  world  over  for 
their  beauty  and  for  their  many  graces  of  mind  and  heart,  but 
it  was  reserved  for  the  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy  to  insti- 
tute these  beautiful  and  appropriate  memorial  exercises  com- 
-memorative  of  the  gallant  deeds  of  our  dead,  but  ever  living, 
heroes.  Would  you  know  the  secret  of  their  devotion?  It  is 
found  in  their  unshaken  belief  that  this  little  spot  of  earth  is 
more  sacred  than  storied  urn  or  consecrated  dust  of  kings.  Be- 
lieving that  the  choicest  things  of  life  are  often  found  at  our 
very  doors,  the  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy  present,  as  their 
orator  on  this  occasion,  our  own  Dr.  Battle,  son  of  that  gallant 
soldier,  General  Cullen  A.  Battle,  of  Alabama,  a  distinguished 


228  MEMORIAL   DAY    EXERCISES 

divine,  orator,  and  now  Chaplain  General  of  the  Sons  of  Vet- 
erans. He  loves  the  cause  he  represents,  and  lives,  moves  and 
has  his  being  in  a  supreme  devotion  to  the  traditions  and  pre- 
cious memories  of  the  Old  South.  He  has  bright  visions  of 
good  things  to  come,  and  loves  to  paint  happy  pictures  of  her 
future  glory  and  achievements. 

DR.  BATTLE'S  ADDRESS. 

Mr.  Chairman,  Confederate  Veterans,  Sons  and  Daughters 
of  the  Confederacy,  members  of  the  Monti-cello  Guard,  Boy 
Scouts,  Ladies  and  Gentlemen : 

By  the  good  providence  of  God  we  dwell  in  a  highly  favored 
land.  The  great  Creator  has  lavished  His  blessings  upon  us. 
Locked  in  the  natural  coffers  of  our  mountains  are  inexhausti- 
ble stores  of  mineral  wealth ;  our  fertile  fields  yield  abundant 
harvests;  our  majestic  rivers  pulsate  with  the  arterial  life  of  a 
vast  commerce ;  our  climate  is  unsurpassed.  But  a  people's 
richest  possessions  are  not  the  products  of  soil  and  climate ;  they 
are  not  the  things  which  minister  to  human  cupidity ;  they  may 
not  be  seen  or  handled;  for  they  are  immaterial  and  invisible, 
yet  more  precious  than  gold.  "For  the  things  which  are  seen 
are  temporal,  but  the  things  which  are  unseen  are  eternal."  A 
people's  most  precious  possessions  are  its  sacred  memories. 

If  there  be  one  spot  on  this  terrestrial  ball  that  enshrines  the 
dust  of  heroes,  there  is  earth's  most  fertile  ground ;  the  seed 
sown  in  bitter  tears  and  heroic  blood  will  ripen  from  age  to  age 
into  a  harvest  of  moral  grandeur  and  'beauty — 

"Till  the  sun   grows  cold 
And  the  stars  are  old, 
And   the   leaves   of  the   Judgment 
Book  unfold." 

Such  is  our  glorious  heritage,  and  we  have  assembled  that  we 
may  gather  from  this  hallowed  spot  some  of  the  fruits  of  solemn 
remembrance  prompting  to  patriotic  gratitude. 

The  dead  need  not  our  tributes ;  they  cannot  hear  our  praises ; 
they  cannot  inhale  the  perfume  of  our  flowers ;  they  need  not 
our  tears.  I  speak  not  for  them ;  they  have  their  reward.  I 


MEMORIAL   DAY    EXERCISES  229 

speak  for  the  living :  venerable  men  who  have  come  down  to  us 
from  a  former  generation,  and  who  wear  on  their  bosoms  the 
badge  of  the  South's  highest  nobility,  more  honorable  than  star 
and  garter;  to  revered  matrons,  the  "elect  ladies"  of  a  period 
when  the  crowns  of  Southern  womanhood  in  serene  beauty 
sparkled  with  jewels  more  resplendent  than  the  stars  of  a  tropic 
night ;  to  sons  and  daughters  of  the  Confederacy  and  members 
of  the  rising  generation,  who  must  be  taught  that  the  titanic 
conflict  that  closed  at  Appomattox  was  no  odious  rebellion,  but 
a  mighty  war,  waged  by  the  South,  according  to  the  dictates  of 
the  loftiest  patriotism,  for  what  she  believed  to  be  her  rights 
under  the  Constitution,  against  arrogance,  oppression  and 
wrong. 

The  civilized  world  held  its  breath  in  amazement  and  awe 
while  we  were  giving  it  an  exhibition  of  how  Americans  fight. 
Such  courage,  such  endurance,  such  devotion  to  duty  regardless 
of  cost,  the  world  had  never  before  seen. 

We  who  are  separated  from  those  tremendous  days  by  the 
passing  of  more  than  half  a  century,  and  who  know  nothing  of 
them  by  actual  experience,  find  it  almost  impossible  to  form  any 
conception  of  the  magnitude  of  the  struggle  or  the  nature  and 
extent  of  the  sacrifices  involved.  One  thing  we  do  know — and 
let  us  guard  the  proud  consciousness  as  our  most  precious  pos- 
session— the  Southern  soldier  came  out  of  the  terrific  ordeal 
without  one  reproach  from  his  conscience  or  a  stain  on  his 
flag. 

The  private  in  the  ranks,  though  often  ragged,  barefooted  and 
half  starved,  kept  his  gun  bright,  his  heart  undaunted  and  his 
honor  as  fair  as  a  star  above  an  ocean  of  clouds. 

The  Confederacy's  great  leaders  walked  in  the  midst  of  the 
fiery  furnace — heated  seven  times  over — /majestic  and  serene, 
and  without  the  smell  of  moral  taint  on  their  garments !  Davis, 
Stephens,  Steward,  the  Johnstons,  Gordon,  Jackson  and  Lee — 

"Ah,  muse;  you  dare  not  claim 
A   nobler  name  than  he — 
Nor  nobler  man  hath  less  of  blame, 
Nor   blameless   man   hath   purer   name, 
Xor  fame — another  Lee!" 


230  MEMORIAL   DAY    EXERCISES 

Our  beloved  country  is  once  more  at  war,  but  not  within  her 
own  borders,  thank  God!  If  ever  there  was  a  holy  war  in  this 
universe,  I  believe  that  upon  which  we  have  entered  is  one. 
We  seek  no  new  territory ;  we  covet  no  military  glory ;  we  would 
not  purchase  commerical  preeminence  at  the  cost  of  the  precious 
blood  of  our  sons.  The  God  of  Heaven  has  made  us  strong  and 
rich,  but  we  would  not  use  our  strength  and  riches  to  hang  crape 
on  one  door  knob  in  all  the  world,  or  to  fling  one  orphan's  cry 
on  the  pitiless  breeze. 

We  deplore  war.  God  hasten  the  time,  by  prophet  sung,  when 
nation  shall  not  rise  up  against  nation,  nor  man's  inhumanity 
to  man  to  make  countless  millions  mourn!  But  we  must  pro- 
tect the  lives  of  our  men,  women  and  children !  We  must  main- 
tain our  sovereign  rights  as  a  free  and  independent  nation  along 
the  commercial  highways  of  the  ocean !  We  fought  back  our 
rage,  feeling  that  the  nation's  honor  was  safe  in  the  hands  of 
our  President,  when  the  Lusitania,  struck  by  a  cowardly  assassin, 
went  down  with  its  priceless  cargo  of  American  lives  to  its 
ocean  grave.  We  shuddered  over  the  wrongs  of  Armenia,  and 
wept  over  Belgium,  until  the  cup  of  diabolical  iniquity,  filled 
with  cruelties  that  might  claim  primacy  in  hell,  overflowed,  and 
then  we  wiped  away  our  tears  to  grasp  our  swords !  Oh  Ger- 
many, wrecker  of  fair  cities,  despoiler  of  homes,  ravisher  of 
women,  and  murderer  of  little  children!  God's  finger  is  writing 
on  the  eternal  wall  for  thee,  "Mene,  Mene,  Tekel,  Upharsin.'' 
God's  executioner,  from  a  land  thou  hast  despised,  is  waking 
to  a  sublime  but  terrible  mission  for  humanity. 

North  and  South, 

"A  people   sane  and   great, 
Forged  in  strong  fires,  by  war  made  one, 
Telling    old    battles    over    without    hate,'1— 

stand  shoulder  to  shoulder  and  heart  to  heart.  At  last  the  flag 
of  the  Union  floats  above  an  undivided  and  indivisible  people 
Oh  Union,  strong  and  great,  and  good,  live  forever!  May  no 
star  on  thy  flag  ever  suffer  eclipse !  Old  Glory,  whether  proudly 
borne  where  millions  fight  and  die ;  by  the  willing  hands  and 
stout  hearts  of  the  sons  of  those  who  wore  the  gray  and  of  those 


MEMORIAL   DAY    EXERCISES  231 

who  wore  the  blue ;  or  waving  from  the  masthead  of  ships  that 
dare  to  plow  the  deep  with  unfettered  prows;  or,  far  above  the 
whirling  east,  mixing  thy  stars  with  God's  fretwork  of  golden 
"fire'' — flag  of  my  country,  "be  thou  in  heaven  above,  on  the 
earth  below,  on  the  waters  under  the  earth, — the  hope  of  the 
oppressed,  the  oriflamme  of  liberty! 

Assembled  at  this  sacred  place,  in  the  presence  of  our  hero- 
dead,  we  dedicate  ourselves  anew  to  God,  Truth  and  Humanity ! 


MEMORIAL  DAY  1918. 

The  program  began  with  the  following  prayer  by  the  Chaplin 
of  the  Camp,  Dr.  George  L.  Petrie : 

Prayer  by  Dr.  Petrie. 

We  ask  Thy  benediction  on  us,  O  God,  assembled  at  this 
sacred  place,  this  quiet  resting  place  of  the  dead,  to  commemo- 
rate their  virtues  and  their  valor.  By  their  consecration  to  a 
beloved  cause;  their  self-sacrificing  devotion  to  their  Southland; 
their  high  ideals  of  patriotism;  their  unfaltering  courage  in  the 
camp,  on  the  march  and  in  the  battle,  they  have  written  their 
names  high  in  the  role  of  the  world's  greatest  heroes.  We 
would  do  them  honor  by  recalling  their  valorous  deeds.  We 
would  express  our  love  by  wreathing  their  monuments  and 
graves  with  earth's  sweetest  flowers. 

We  thank  Thee  for  this  privilege,  esteemed  none  the  less  by 
its  frequent  repetition.  Our  love  for  them  and  our  admiration 
of  their  lives  and  our  gratitude  for  their  service,  have  experi- 
enced no  diminution  by  the  lapse  of  years,  the  change  of  our 
surroundings,  nor  by  our  appreciation  of  the  present  blessings 
of  peace  and  prosperity. 

We  recognize  Thy  providential  blessing  of  a  united  people,  a 
great  nation,  a  benign  government,  a  splendid  destiny,  and  a 
solemn  responsibility.  Yet  Thou  has  not  called  us  to  forget  the 
past,  nor  to  neglect  those  whose  blood  was  freely  poured  out 
in  the  great  sacrifice  by  which  the  present  was  made  .a  beauti- 
ful possibility.  In  Thy  presence  and  at  Thy  throne,  we  now 


232  MEMORIAL  DAY    EXERCISES 

thank  Thee  that  such  heroic  men  have  lived,  and,  dying,  have 
left  imperishable  examples  to  stir  our  hearts  and  inspire  us  to 
nobility  of  life  and  character. 

Bless  the  aged  veterans  that  linger  with  us  still  and  deserve 
and  receive  our  honor  and  esteem.  Bless  the  Daughters  of  the 
Confederacy  by  whose  invitation  we  are  here,  and  who  have 
done  as  much  to  preserve  the  memory  of  the  heroic  dead  as 
their  mothers  did  to  cheer  the  living  heroes  in  their  day. 

Bless  these  young  soldiers  who  so  worthily  assume  the  re- 
sponsibility which  their  soldier  fathers  have  been  compelled  to 
lay  aside.  Grant  that  there  may  never  arise  a  need  for  the  sacri- 
fice of  their  precious  lives.  Bless  all  who  in  high  places  are 
earnestly  seeking  to  make  a  highway  of  peace  for  all  earth's  na- 
tions. Grant  an  issue  of  peace  to  all  our  national  complications. 

And  now  bless  him  who  shall  address  us  this  afternoon.  May 
the  message  which  he  brings  crown  this  occasion  with  its  chief 
charm  and  make  it  a  benediction  to  us  all.  We  ask,  through 
Jesus  Christ,  our  Lord.  Amen. 

Mr.  Boiling's  Address. 

Albert  S.  Boiling,  son  of  Major  Bartlett  Boiling,  delivered 
the  address,  as  follows : 

What  memories  must  come  flooding  to  the  minds  of  you  vet- 
erans to-day!  There  is  a  picture  you  hold  in  your  memories, 
and  the  picture  of  this  present  time.  But  of  that  first  picture — 

Far  away  in  the  bygone  years,  was  the  Old  South,  the  land 
of  true  men  and  modest  women.  On  the  broad  acres  of  its 
plantations  were  the  homes  of  its  people;  in  its  groves  and  fields 
and  by  its  pure  streams  were  its  altars.  • 

The  first  allegiance  was  to  the  state,  emphasizing  the  prin- 
ciple of  local  self  government,  rather  than  fealty  to  the  Union; 
and  yet  the  Union  had  been  created  largely  by  the  South.  Thirty 
of  the  stars  on  its  flag  reflect  the  work  of  Southern  men.  The 
war  of  the  Revolution,  of  1812,  of  Texas  Independence  and 
with  Mexico,  had  Southern  generals  as  their  leaders.  Sam 
Houston  was  born  in  Rockbridge  County  across  yonder  moun- 
tains. So  the  War  between  the  States  was  fought  not  so  much 


MEMORIAL  DAY   EXERCISES  233 

to  destroy  the  Union  as  to  preserve  the  rights  of  the  states  com- 
posing that  Union,  and  to  uphold  the  principle  of  local  self  gov- 
ernment. Those  questions,  however,  are  forever  settled. 

You  fought  not  for  conquest,  not  for  gain,  but  for  principle; 
and  never  before  in  the  annals  of  time  did  so  few  stand  up  for 
so  long  against  so*  many.  The  verdict  of  history  and  of  your 
sons  and  grandsons  is,  "Well  done."  The  private  soldier  in  the 
Confederate  armies  of  tattered  uniforms  but  bright  bayonets 
won  undying  fame.  Rightly  can  he  share  in  the  lustre  of  the 
names  of  knightly  Ashby,  dashing  Forrest,  Stuart  the  Superb, 
Taylor,  the  Johnstons  and  Robert  E.  Lee. 

It  has  been  said  that  when  the  Lord  Almighty  willed  that  the 
Confederacy  should  fail,  He  found  it  necessary  to  remove  from 
earth  one  man:  that  man  who,  at  First  Manassas,  Second 
Manassas,  in  the  Valley,  around  Richmond,  and  at  Chancellors- 
ville,  had  gained  a  place  among  the  foremost  captains  of  his- 
tory— Stonewall  Jackson. 

Nor  must  we  forget  the  debt  to  the  women  of  the  South 
whose  matchless  fidelity  and  undying  loyalty  attest  your  valor 
and  their  devotion. 

And  let  us  not  forget  the  words  attributed  to  Grant  at  Appo- 
mattox,  when  the  guns  had  been  made  ready  for  a  salute — "Stop 
those  guns !  It  has  taken  four  years  to  capture  those  8,000  men. 
Let  no  salute  tie  fired!"  This  was  typical  of  the  best  of  the 
North.  Both  sides  took  a  lot  of  licking. 

A  second  picture  now  unfolds  itself.  The  sons  of  your  op- 
ponents and  of  yourselves  are  now  in  France,  and  others  are 
crowding  thither  on  every  boat  leaving  our.  shores.  Who  can 
say  that  the  years  from  1861  to  1865  were  in  vain?  America 
must  win  the  war,  and  when  America  wins  the  war,  well  may 
the  writer  of  history  trace  back  the  heroism  and  the  fortitude 
of  our  boys  to  those  qualities  of  their  fathers  who  fought  fifty- 
odd  years  ago. 

That  Virginia  lieutenant  who  thrilled  us  some  days  ago  by 
leading  his  platoon  "over  the  top"  in  France,  may  well  have 
been  inspired  by  another  soldier  who  began  as  a  lieutenant  and 
ended  a  lieutenant  general — gallant  John  B.  Gordon,  of  Georgia. 

Just  as  you   to-day  pay  devoted  homage   to  the  memory  of 


234  MEMORIAL   DAY    EXERCISES 

those  who  have  gone  before,  we  of  this  generation  must  feel  in- 
spired to  honor  and  support  in  every  way  possible  those  who  are 
today  giving  their  lives  for  us.  You  did  your  utmost ;  they  are 
doing  their  utmost;  and  the  question  all  of  us  (who  have  not 
yet  gone)  should  ask,  is,  "Are  we  doing  our  utmost?" 

And  as  we  today  place  flowers  on  the  graves  of  our  heroic 
dead,  let  us  remember  those  brothers  and  sons  fighting  in  far- 
away France,  and  consecrate  ourselves  anew  to  a  spirit  of  stead- 
fastness and  self-sacrifice. 


MEMORIAL   DAY,   UNIVERSITY   CEMETERY, 
May  30th,  1919. 

The  Memorial  exercises  were  marked  by  more  interest,  en- 
thusiasm, and  genuine  display  of  patriotic  feeling  than  any  held 
here  in  recent  years,  and  the  large  concourse  of  men,  women 
and  children  proved  the  deep  hold  that  the  Confederate  heroes, 
and  the  cause  for  which  they  fought  and  died,  still  have  upon 
the  people  who  revere  their  memory.  The  veterans  who  wore 
the  gray,  with  the  veterans  of  the  war  in  Europe,  and  scores  of 
interested  spectators  and  patriotic  people,  went  out  to  honor 
the  dead  and  to  listen  to  the  recital  of  the  deeds  of  the  men 
whose  fame  is  immortal.  An  escort  of  some  fifty  members  of 
the  Albemarle  Rifles,  under  command  of  Liuetenant  C.  E.  Mo- 
ran,  gave  the  modern  touch  to  the  military  feature,  and  their 
natty  olive  drab  uniforms,  of  1918,  contrasted  vividly  with  the 
gray,  forever  the  honored  and  beloved  color  of  the  people  of 
the  Southland.  The  exercises  'were  most  impressive  and  in- 
spiring, and  deeply  moved  all  present  because  of  their  solemnity 
and  appropriateness. 

Veteran  Bartlett  Boiling,  Commander  of  the  Camp,  presided 
at  the  exercises  and  moved  the  audience  to  cheers  by  his  digni- 
fied, eloquent,  and  appropriate  address.  He  is  well  known  as 
one  of  Mosby's  men,  with  whom  he  served  for  two  years  as  a 
member  of  the  partisan  Rangers. 

The  invocation  was  by  the  Rev.  W.  Roy  Mason,  of  Christ 
Church,  and  was  as  follows : 


MEMORIAL  DAY    EXERCISES  235 

Prayer  by  Rev.  Wm.  Mason. 

Oh  God,  Our  Heavenly  Father,  we  thank  Thee  that  the  noble 
lives  and  glorious  deeds  of  our  brave  soldiers  of  the  'sixties  are 
not  forgotten  by  those  of  us  who  are  left  to  enjoy  the  blessings 
of  this  golden  age. 

We  are  glad  to  gather  here  and  have  our  minds  refreshed 
with  memories  of  the  splendid  deeds  and  undaunted  courage 
of  our  fathers,  and  proud  to  pay  our  tribute  to  those  who  fought 
and  died  for  their  sacred  rights.  Especially  do  we  feel  this 
necessary  now  when  all  the  world  is  giving  honor  to  the  heroes 
of  the  present  day.  May  God's  richest  blessings  rest  upon  the 
old  veterans  who  still  sojourn  with  us,  upon  the  Daughters  of 
the  Confederacy,  so  faithful  in  commemoration,  and  upon  each 
one  that  scatters  flowers  on  these  sacred  graves.  And  grant,  Oh 
Father,  that  the  speaker's  gifted  tongue  may  be  inspired  by  Thee 
to  stir  our  hearts  afresh  with  gratitude  and  determination  to 
prove  worthy  of  our  noble  heritage. 

ADDRESS  BY  BARTLETT  ROLLING,  COMMANDER,  JOHN  BOWIE 
STRANGE  CAMP. 

Veterans,  Daughters,  Ladies  and  Gentlemen : 

I  want  to  thank,  in  behalf  of  the  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp, 
the  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy  for  their  invitation  to  be 
present  with  them  today;  for  their  cheer  and  comfort  always, 
and  for  keeping  green,  all  these  years,  the  graves  of  our  com- 
rades. A  chaplet  we  would  place  upon  their  fair  brows,  as  a 
token  of  our  appreciation  and  gratitude. 

We  have  assembled  here  today,  as  is  our  annual  custom,  to 
pay  tribute  to  the  dead,  and  to  place  flowers  upon  the  graves 
of  our  fallen  heroes,  who  made  the  supreme  sacrifice  for  a  cause 
that  cannot,  and  will  never  die.  The  address  on  this  memorial 
occasion  will  be  made  by  a  gifted  son  of  Virginia,  himself  the 
son  of  a  veteran.  He  once  resided  in  Albemarle,  and  is  there- 
fore no  stranger  to  many  of  our  people.  As  Chaplain  of  the 
McGuire  Hospital  unit,  he  has  but  recently  returned  from  the 
shell-torn,  bloody  fields  of  Flanders  and  France,  and  will  tell 
of  his  personal  experiences  over  there.  He  will  tell  us,  too,  of 


236  MEMORIAL   DAY    EXERCISES 

the  hardships  endured,  and  of  the  brave  deeds  of  the  boys  of 
'61  to  '65,  who  fought  bravely  for  their  state  in  a  cause  which 
they  believed  in  their  souls  to  be  just  and  right.  Some  of  them 
are  here  to-day — some  who  followed  for  four  long,  weary  years 
the  great  Generals,  Robert  E.  Lee  and  Stonewall  Jackson. 

We  old  veterans  take  a  just  pride  in  the  valor  and  achieve- 
ments of  those  days,  and  also  now  in  the  fame  and  achievements 
of  our  sons  and  grandsons,  in  this  world  war. 

It  is  my  privilege,  as  well  as  pleasure,  to  present  to  this  au- 
dience the  Rev.  W.  Russell  Bowie,  Rector  of  St.  Paul's  Church, 
Richmond. 

ADDRESS  BY  REV.  RUSSELL  BOWIE. 

Rector  of  St.  Paul's  Church,  Richmond,  ^^•here  Lee  and  Presi- 
dent Davis  both  worshipped  during  the  fratricidal  contest. 

His  remarks  were  elegant  and  touching  in  the  extreme,  and 
thrilled  the  audience  till  the  end.  Reverend  Mr.  Bowie  spoke 
as  follows : 

Our  thoughts  to-day  are  of  two  wars.  Today  the  Eightieth 
division  is  marching  through  the  streets  of  Richmond — the  tri- 
umphant army  through  the  flag-hung  streets.  A  half  century 
ago  another  army  went  through  those  streets  in  weariness, 
marching  toward  Appomattox,  and — the  end.  Note  the  contrast 
in  conditions !  And  yet  the  spiritual  values  and  suggestions  are 
the  same. 

What  are  the  things  we  honor  in  the  thoughts  of  men  who 
have  fought  their  great  fight  well? 

First — The  inspiring  fact  of  human  courage — the  capacity  of 
men  to  conquer  the  flesh,  to  dare,  to  endure,  to  die.  The 
trenches  in  France — the  fields  of  the  Civil  War. 

Second — The  love  of  the  homeland ;  the  sense  of  the  pre- 
ciousness  of  the  land,  the  sky,  the  people ;  the  genius  of  the 
land  that  is  one's  own ;  the  sentiment  of  the  negro  in  Base  Hos- 
pital, No.  45,  who  "wouldn't  give  one  foot  of  ole  Virginia  for 
dis  here  whole  French  Island !" ;  the  zeal  of  the  men  who  did 
not  understand  many  of  the  complicated  issues  of  war,  but 


MEMORIAL   DAY    EXERCISES  237 

carried  in  their  hearts  the  belief  that  somehow  they  were  fight- 
ing to  save  all  the  high  things  for  which  their  country  stood. 

Third — The  glory  of  sacrifice — men  who  died  that  others 
might  live  in  security  and  freedom. 

What  shall  these  things  mean  to  us? 

First — The  challenge  to  courage  in  the  tests  of  peace ;  faith 
or  moral  triumph — faith  in  the  capacity  of  human  will  to  ac- 
complish any  great  deed  it  sets  itself  to  reach ;  the  courage  and 
character  of  the  men  who  came  out  of  the  civil  war  to  rebuild 
Southern  civilization  from  its  ruins ;  the  challenge  to  us  for 
an  equal  moral  courage;  a  costly  loyalty  to  right  ideals  in  the 
midst  of  our  prosperous  time. 

Second — Widening  out  our  sympathy  to  understand  the 
meaning  of  patriotism  to  other  peoples — the  value  of  their  na- 
tional life  and  their  ideals;  America's  ideal  not  to  dominate, 
either  by  arms  or  by  commercial  conquest ;  to  help  build  up  a 
fuller  human  life  everywhere. 

Third — Sacrifice.  Why  did  men  die?  To  make  the  world 
different.  We  must  rise — as  the  President  is  trying  to  call  us 
— to  the  faith,  the  national  self-control,  the  constructive  wisdom 
which  shall  build  a  world  leagued  in  justice  and  in  lasting  peace. 
Only  so  shall  the  sacrifice  of  men  who  have  laid  down  their 
lives  be  made  redeeming. 

Graves  Decorated. 

Then  followed  the  procession  to  the  cemetery  and  the  dec- 
orating of  the  graves  that  lie  around  the  beautiful  Confederate 
monument  set  in  its  center.  The  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy 
had  charge  of  this  annual  ceremony  of  love  and  reverence,  and 
in  the  midst  thereof  a  selected  quartet  of  male  voices  sang  the 
old  Confederate  camp  song,  "Tenting  To-night." 

There  was  an  unusually  large  attendance  at  this  ceremony  of 
filial  love  and  the  occasion  was  one  of  the  most  moving  and 
uplifting  ever  seen  at  this  last  resting  place  of  so  many  of  the 
bravest  and  the  best  of  the  South. 


Lee  Birthday  Addresses. 

ADDRESS  OF  JUDGE  R.  T.  W.  DUKE. 
January  igth,  1891. 

An  Address  delivered  before  the  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp 
C.  V.,  by  R.  T.  W.  Duke,  Jr.,  on  January  19th,  1891,  the  first 
commemoration  of  the  Birthday  of  General  Robt.  E.  Lee 
held  in  Charlottesville,  Va. 

Mr.  Chairman,  Veterans  of  the  Confederate  Army,  Ladies  and 
Gentlemen : 

The  invitation  to  address  you  came  to  me  amidst  the  noise 
and  tumult  of  one  of  the  greatest  cities  of  the  world :  a  city  of 
all  others  most  given  to  the  getting  and  spending  of  worldly 
wealth.  It  reached  me  in.  a  great  building,  before  whose  front, 
day  after  day,  rings  out  to  unheeding  ears  sweet  chimes  from 
a  temple  dedicated  to  God,  and  at  whose  side  runs  that  street 
of  all  others  most  devoted  to  the  worship  of  Mammon 

It  found  me  busily  engaged  amidst  complicated  accounts, 
worried  and  harrassed  by  the  multitudinous  cares  attendant 
upon  business  transactions ;  but,  unlike  the  bells  of  Trinity,  it 
rang  upon  no  unheeding  ears.  It  recalled  me  from  the  little- 
ness of  gain  to  the  grandeur  of  a  heroic  and  noble  life. 

Around  me  was  a  new  order  of  things,  totally  unlike  our 
quiet  Virginia  life,  and  I  was  amidst  scenes  but  little  calcu- 
lated to  aid  thought  in  the  contemplation  of  a  serene  and  noble 
memory. 

Within  a  stone's  throw  of  where  I  stood,  magnificent  pal- 
aces, filled  with  all  that  luxury  and  love  of  ease  could  ask, 
overlooked  throngs  of  men  and  women  who  hurried  on  to  the 
great  marts,  where  lay  exposed  for  sale  "the  merchandise  of 
gold  and  silver  and  precious  stones ;  of  pearls  and  fine  linen ; 
of  purple  and  silk  and  scarlet;  of  all  manner  of  vessels  of 


HON.  R.  T.  W.  DUKE,  JR. 

LAWYER,    POET,    ORATOR 

Honorary  member  of  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp,  C.  V. 
Past  Commander  of  R.  T.  W.  Duke  Camp,  S.  C.  V. 


LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES  239 

ivory,  of  most  precious  wood,  and  of  brass  and  iron  and  mar- 
ble ;  of  beasts  and  sheep ;  of  horses  and  chariots,  and  of  the 
souls  of  men."  Luxuriousness  and  woe,  idleness  and  toil, 
wealth  greater  than  that  of  Croesus,  and  gaunt  poverty  and 
despair,  elbowed  one  another  in  the  crowded  streets  about  me ; 
and  as  I  opened  the  telegram  you  sent  me,  a  great  tumult  of 
emotions  swelled  within  my  heart,  and  old-time  memories 
flooded  my  eyes  with  unaccustomed  tears.  Back  to  me  came 
the  old  days  of  a  boyhood  spent  amidst  the  stern  alarms  of 
war.  Years  when  suspense  and  agony,  grim  want  and  starva- 
tion chilled  the  young,  bright  heart,  that  should  have  had  no 
thoughts  save  those  of  joy.  Thoughts  of  the  days  which 
dragged  so  heavily,  watching  a  mother's  agony  for  him  she 
deemed  dead  upon  the  field  of  battle,  agony  only  growing  less 
in  degree  when  we  knew  that  the  prison  house  held  him  who 
could  return  we  knew  not  when.  Memories  of  a  beautiful 
May  night  when  you,  old  soldiers,  young  then  with  bright  and 
happy  hearts,  amidst  the  blare  of  bugles  and  the  shouts  and 
plaudits  of  our  little  town,  went  forth  with  many,  oh,  so  many! 
who  came  not  back  again.  No  empty  sleeves  then ;  no  bowed 
heads  over  which  had  passed  the  shadow  of  a  great  despair; 
no  tears.  How  far  off  and  strange  it  all  looks  now !  For  a 
moment  I  stood  lost  in  thought,  recalling  all  these  things ;  re- 
calling my  boyish  recollections  of  Manassas,  Petersburg  and 
Appomattox ;  recalling  the  storms  of  war,  the  lull  of  our  hope- 
less peace,  and  then,  with  a  recollection  of  almost  yesterday, 
the  clutching  at  the  heart  when  the  news  came,  "Lee  is  dead." 
For  a  moment  I  hesitated,  doubting  whether  amidst  alien 
scenes  and  in  the  limited  time  given  me,  I  could  do  any  sub- 
ject justice ;  but  when  I  realized  the  full  meaning  of  your  mes- 
sage and  felt  how  proud  a  privilege  it  was  to  speak  to  you 
upon  this  day,  consecrated  to  the  memory  of  that  immortal 
man,  I  felt  that  I  had  no  right  to  decline.  He  who  today 
would  refuse  to  lay  his  tribute  upon  the  bier  of  our  great  chief- 
tain, would  deserve  a  thousand  times  the  reproach  hurled  at 
the  sluggard  by  Polyxena's  funeral  pyre: 


240  LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES 

"Thou    drone!     Dos't    thou    stand    idly    here? 
Hast  thou  no  robe,  no  ornament, 
Nothing   to   deck   this   high   heroic   spirit, 
This   peerless  excellence?" 

And  so  I  have  come  to  you ;  and  yet  as  I  look  upon  your 
faces,  remembering  all  that  you  have  endured,  all  that  you 
fought  for,  all  that  you  have  lost,  all  that  so  many  of  you  still 
suffer,  with  a  noble  patience,  I  pause,  well  knowing  that  I  can- 
not put  in  words  that  which  makes  "the  mother  swell  up  to- 
wards my  heart." 

You  today,  like  myself,  along  with  proud  remembrance,  taste 
many  bitter  thoughts.  The  great  wealth  of  a  great  part  of 
this  nation  had  its  foundation  in  your  poverty.  The  great 
prosperity  which  spreads  over  north  and  west  took  root  in  soil 
watered  by  your  blood !  The  victorious  army  that  came  from 
east  and  north  and  west  has  not  knocked  in  vain  at  the  door  of 
a  treasury  enriched  with  your  spoliation.  For  you  no  pension 
keeps  the  wolf  from  the  door.  No  grand  army  bands  you  to- 
gether to  demand  from  truckling  politicians  pay  for  that  which 
to  the  true  patriot  can  have  no  price. 

You  staked  your  life,  your  fortune  and  your  sacred  honor 
for  the  cause  for  which  you  fought.  Life  you  imperilled,  for- 
tune you  lost,  but  honor,  Oh,  thank  God!  you  brought  back 
with  you,  crowning  today  your  poverty  with  her  laurel,  and 
giving  to  your  children  the  priceless  legacy  of  your  fame. 

And  now  as  I  look  upon  you,  old  soldiers,  many  of  you  my 
own  dear  father's  men ;  when  I  contrast  our  straightened 
means,  our  simple  life  and  plain  old-fashioned  ways  with  the 
wealth,  luxury  and  ambition  I  have  just  left,  and  remember 
the  occasion  that  calls  us  all  together,  I  feel  no  doubt  nor  hes- 
itance  of  the  grandeur  of  the  lives  of  my  own  people ;  no  fear 
of  their  future  so  long  as  they  remain  true  to  their  old  tradi- 
tions, and  faithful  to  all  that  made  a  Lee  possible  to  them ; 
and  for  my  subject  tonight  I  wish  to  speak  to  you  of  that  great 
man  in  an  aspect  which  may  seem  to  you  strangely  familiar, 
and  it  may  be  deemed  by  some  all  too  trite. 

I  shall  not  speak  to  you  of  Lee  as  the  soldier.  You  followed 
him ;  you  fought  with  him  as  such.  Nor  shall  I  speak  to  you 


LEE    BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES  241 

of  Lee  in  all  the  varied  aspects  of  his  life,  such  as  have  been 
the  theme  of  poet  and  orator.  You,  who  heard  the  oration, 
when  in  bronze  his  counterfeit  was  unveiled  at  Richmond, 
would  tire  of  aught  that  I  might  say,  contrasting  it  with  those 
winged  words.  Tonight  I  wish  to  speak  to  you  of— 

"Lee,  the  Virginian." 

You  may  well  ask  wherein  Lee,  as  the  Virginian,  differs 
from  Lee,  the  American;  Lee,  the  man?  I  answer  you:  In  no 
respect  whatsoever.  Then  why,  you  ask  again,  is  such  a  theme 
to  be  selected?  I  answer,  the  need  is  great.  Today  one  dan- 
ger which  threatens  this  great  land  of  ours  is  that  men  are  for- 
getting the  allegiance  they  owe  to  their  native  states!  Aye! 
are  well-nigh  forgetting  there  are  such  things  as  states ;  and 
it  may  not  be  a  waste  of  time  to  recall,  on  an  occasion  like 
this,  memories  of  what  one  man — a  great  exemplar — thought, 
acted,  gave  up,  suffered  and  endured  for  his  native  state.  Do 
not  fear  that  I  shall  abuse  your  patience  with  theories  political 
as  to  what  are  or  what  are  not  states'  rights ;  nor  that  I  shall 
counsel  you  to  harbor  unpatriotic  thoughts  against  the  great 
Union  in  which  the  states  are  now  inseparably  bound.  Born 
in  war,  severed  by  war,  welded  now  together,  as  it  were  by 
links  forged  with  the  sword,  I  trust  to  see  those  links  yet  grow 
more  and  more  into  cords  of  love,  and  the  perpetuity  for 
which-  every  true  patriot  yearns,  become  one  perpetual  union 
of  hearts.  I  know  that  in  speaking  to  you  I  speak  to  the  truest 
patriots,  and  that  if  the  flag  against  which  you  fought  four 
long  years  should  ever  be  threatened,  no  swords  would  leap 
sooner  from  their  scabbards  to  its  defense  than  the  swords  of 
Lee's  own  men. 

But  I  wish,  in  recalling  Lee  as  a  Virginian,  to  recall  to  your 
minds,  and  to  impress  upon  the  minds  of  the  generation 
younger  than  yours,  the  great  importance  of  a  proper  appre- 
ciation of  our  own  state,  the  necessity  upon  our  part  of  a 
zealous  regard  for  her  proper  position  in  the  galaxy  of  states, 
and  to  speak  to  you  and  them  of  how  much  love  they  owe  her, 
and  what  they  should  be  willing  to  give  up  for  her  welfare. 

I  know  I  shall  lay  myself  open  to  criticism  in  much  that  I 


242  LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES 

may  say.  I  may  be  called  vainglorious  but  I  shall  not  be  hypo- 
critical. I  may  be  said  to  repeat  things  stale  and  trite.  Some 
may  laugh,  as  we  all  do  when  we  hear  a  well-worn  song  or 
story,  and  smile  at  what  may  seem  self-adulation.  I  believe,  in 
the  last  few  years — maybe  months — one  man  has  publicly 
thanked  God  he  was  not  born  in  Virginia.  In  view  of  much 
that  properly  should  be  spoken  somewhere  else ;  in  view  of  the 
littleness  in  high  places ;  the  partisan  spirit  in  positions  that 
should  be  above  the  low  plane  of  politics,  we  may  well  thank 
God  that  one  man  was  not. 

Lee — Virginia !  What  a  sunburst  of  glorious  memory  those 
two  words  call  up.  Lee — a  name  as  old  as  the  State,  linked 
inseparably  with  her  earliest  days  as  a  commonwealth,  and  in 
her  later,  wedded  with  her  sublimest  glory  to  the  end  of  time. 
Virginia!  Do  you,  my  younger  brethren,  realize  what  the 
words  mean? 

It  has  become  rather  popular  of  late  to  sneer  at  Virginia 
and  things  Virginian.  "Oh,  we  know  all  about  that,"  they  say. 
"Your  Washington  and  Madison  and  Jefferson  and  Henry 
and  Monroe  and  Marshall,  and  all  that  sort  of  thing ;  but  all 
that  is  gone  now.  The  old  State  is  played  out — effete.  Be- 
yond the  time  of  the  conception  of  great  men."  "Unus  sed 
Leo,"  Aesop  tells  us  was  the  reply  of  the  lioness  to  the  many- 
whelping  ape.  Show  me  any  commonwealth  that  within  one 
hundred  years  ended  the  century  with  a  Washington,  and  in 
sixty  years  gave  a  Lee  to  the  world,  and  I  will  admit  I  am 
wrong. 

We  are  used  to  the  privileges  and  liberties  we  enjoy ;  we  do 
not  realize  to  what  we  owe  them. 

Religious  freedom :  Those  two  words  alone — how  pregnant 
with  blessings  to  the  children  of  men !  It  was  Virginia  that 
first  made  "conscience  as  free  as  the  breath." 

Independence — the  freedom  of  man — the  freedom  of  the 
colonies :  Perhaps  there  are  some  of  you  younger  men  who 
think,  like  I  once  thought,  under  the  influence  of  school 
books  published  in  another  section,  that  all  these  things  first 
originated  on  Boston  Common  and  in  Philadelphia.  It  was  in 
this  old  Commonwealth,  beginning  with  Bacon,  continuing  rit 


LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES  243 

Williamsburg,  and  ending  when  a  Virginian  introduced  the 
resolution  that  "these  united  Colonies  are,  and  of  right  ought 
to  be,  free  and  independent  states,"  that  this  idea  first  took 
root ;  and  at  Yorktown,  on  her  own  soil,  the  sword  of  one 
Virginian  made  a  reality  of  the  declaration  drawn  by  another. 

And  the  influence  of  these  free  colonies — these  free  states — 
this  free  America :  Who  can  tell  its  influence,  as  far-reaching 
and  continuing  as  it  is?  The  world  to-day  is  better,  men  are 
happier,  oppression  less,  because  America  is  free ;  and  the 
origin  of  American  freedom  was  due  to  the  impulse  given  it 
by  Virginia. 

In  the  law :  Virginia  first  originated  the  great  change  in  the 
law  of  inheritance,  once  so  unfair  and  conducive  to  wrong. 
And  the  greatest  Chief  justice  that  ever  sat  upon  the  bench, 
and  who  gave  tone  and  temper  to  the  whole  body  of  Federal 
law,  drew  his  inspiration  from  a  Virginian  breast  and  lived  his 
life  on  Virginian  soil. 

In  Education  :  The  Virginia  idea — the  elective  system — to- 
day taking  possession  of  every  school  and  university  in  this 
Union — but  followed  out  the  idea  of  universal  freedom  of 
which  she  was  the  originator. 

The  Emancipation  of  the  slave — since  accomplished  as  a 
war  measure,  pure  and  simple,  was  a  Virginia  idea  attempted 
by  her  at  the  foundation  of  this  government  to  be  carried  into 
effect;  and  the  first  actual,  earnest  political  movement  to  eman- 
cipate the  slave  was  commenced  in  Virginia,  and  was  almost  on 
the  eve  of  success  when  the  fanaticism  of  others  in  the  North- 
ern states  checked  and  destroyed  the  movement  in  this. 

I  do  not  say  these  things  in  any  vainglorious  spirit,  but  sim- 
ply to  recall  to  you  the  fact  that  our  state,  as  a  state,  has  in  the 
years  of  her  existence  done  that  which,  should  she  never  do 
another  great  act,  would  render  her  the  pride  of  her  children 
throughout  all  time.  To  Lee's  generation — to  your  generation, 
old  soldiers,  these  things  I  speak  to  you  are  household  words. 
Woe  to  us  when  we  forget  them !  We  therefore  must  con- 
sider Lee,  the  Virginian,  as  he  stood  when  Virginia's  fate  hung 
in  the  balance,  and  the  question  presented  itself :  "Where 
shall  I  go — with  the  Union,  or  with  Virginia?" 


244  LEE    BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES 

Lee  had  been  raised  amongst  men  who  gave  more  attention 
to  the  question  of  the  respective  rights  of  the  state  and  the 
Union  than  to  any  other  political  question.  The  spoils  of  of- 
fice, personal  pecuniary  benefits  by  means  of  politics,  were  un- 
known factors  in  their  political  arithmetic.  They  remembered 
that  there  had  been  a  time  when  Virginia  stood  free  in  her  own 
right,  an  independent  colony,  uniting  with  her  sister  colonies 
in  defense  against  a  common  enemy.  They  were  keen  observ- 
ers of  all  the  circumstances  and  conditions  under  which  the 
state  adopted  the  Federal  Constitution  and  had  the  Bill  of 
Rights  at  the  tips  of  their  mental  fingers.  They  never  doubted 
the  axiom  that  governments  were  instituted  deriving  their  just 
powers  from  the  consent  of  the  governed,  and  that  all  rights 
not  expressly  delegated  to  the  Federal  Government,  were  ex- 
pressly reserved  to  the  state.  If  .any  one  state  left  the  Union, 
the  Union  was  thereby  dissolved  and  the  allegiance  to  the 
state  followed  as  a  matter  of  course. 

In  Lee's  time,  and  in  my  recollection,  aye  up  to  the  time  of 
the  birth  of  the  youngest  man  who  listens  to  me,  there  was  no 
such  thing  as  a  citizen  of  the  United  States;  for  until  the  four- 
teenth amendment  was  adopted,  citizenship  in  the  United 
States  only  came  by  means  of  citizenship  in  the  state.  A  man 
was  a  citizen  of  New  York,  Pennsylvania  or  Virginia,  and  be- 
ing such  a  citizen,  was  entitled  to  share  in  the  rights  and  im- 
munities due  to  the  citizen  of  a  state  in  the  Federal  Govern- 
ment. 

Being  not  a  citizen  of  the  Union  but  a  citizen  of  the  state  of 
Virginia,  Lee  owed  no  other  allegiance  to  the  general  govern- 
ment than  that  which  he  owed  through  the  state  government. 
When  that  state  resumed  her  rank  amongst  the  nations  of  the 
world,  he  remained  her  citizen  and  hers  alone. 

Thus  much  in  passing  to  remind  you  that  in  Lee's  mind,  as 
is  plainly  shown  both  by  his  conduct  and  written  expressions, 
there  could  necessarily  have  been  not  a  question  as  to  where 
his  allegiance  was  due.  But  in  order  to  realize  what  it  cost 
him  to  do  his  duty  and  go  with  his  native  state,  we  must  con- 
sider what  Lee,  the  Virginian,  gave  up. 

With  the  glories  of  the  Union  he  had  much  in  common.     His 


LEE   BIRTHDAY    ADDRESSES  245 

ancestors  had  shared  in  them.  He  himself  had  done  his  part 
and  was  recognized  as  head  and  shoulders  above  any  officer  of 
his  rank. 

An  offer  had  been  made  to  him  which  might  well  have  daz- 
zled any — even  the  purest  minded  man.  The  commandership 
of  the  armies  of  that  Union  he  had  loved  so  well;  the  adulation 
of  thousands  of  his  fellow  beings;  wealth,  honor,  fame,  all 
were  offered  him,  if  he  would  accept  that  side  on  which  lay 
the  Union. 

What  was  on  the  other  side?  Loss  of  fortune!  He  foresaw 
with  prophetic  eye  that  the  beautiful  home  overlooking  the  Po- 
tomac would  be  taken  from  him.  Privation,  obscurity,  sor- 
row and  want !  Never  in  the  history  of  man  has  there  been 
an  occasion  where  so  much  was  offered  to  tempt  on  one  side 
and  so  much  to  deter  on  the  other. 

Yet,  there  never  seemed  to  have  been  in  Lee's  mind  one 
thought  of  hesitancy.  Sorrow  there  was.  Regret  that  it 
might  not  have  been  ordered  otherwise ;  but  of  doubt  or  hes- 
itance  there  was  not  a  thought.  With  an  unswerving  patri- 
otism, with  a  heroic  soul  as  dauntless  as  ever  faced  death  or 
depair,  Lee,  the  Virginian,  put  behind  him  every  thought  but 
Virginia,  little  deeming  that  thereby  he  placed  himself  for  all 
time  to  come  as  the  first  Virginian,  the  exemplar  and  pattern 
of  her  sons  for  all  the  ages.  I  have  but  two  lessons  to  draw 
from  his  life  tonight,  and  here  I  draw  the  first. 

Young  Virginian,  old  Virginian,  you,  who  are  thinking  of 
leaving  the  old  mother  to  better  your  fortune  or  to  make  your 
fame,  to  you  tonight,  Lee,  though  dead,  yet  speaks,  and  in  his 
name  I  speak  to  you. 

If  the  constant  drain  of  our  young  men  to  other  states  goes 
on  in  the  future  as  in  the  past,  we  may  soon  have  an  effete 
Virginia — a  Virginia  shorn  of  her  glory  and  discrowned  of 
her  greatness.  Come,  let  us  reason  together  a  little  tonight, 
if  there  be  any  such  here,  and  haply  my  voice  may  through 
you  reach  others.  Why  are  you  leaving,  or  thinking  of  leav- 
ing the  old  state?  You  answer,  "She  is  poor;  it  is  hard  to 
make  a  living  in  her  borders ;  we  want  riches,  fame,  wealth, 
and  we  must  go  elsewhere  to  get  them."  So  said  not  Lee,  at 


246  LEE   BIETHDAY   ADDRESSES 

the  supreme  moment  when  wealth  and  fame  and  office  bade 
him  leave  her.  Can  you  not  say  the  same  ?  Far  be  it  from  me 
to  discourage  worthy  ambition  or  desire  for  success.  But  I 
believe  so  firmly  success  can  be  won  in  Virginia  as  well  as 
elsewhere,  and  so  serious  do  I  deem  the  drain  of  the  young 
men  from  her  borders  that  I  bid  you  and  them  awaken  to 
what  yon  owe  her,  and  give  up  something  to  help  build  her  up. 
I  have  not  without  a  purpose  reminded  you  of  her  glorious 
past;  for  with  your  help  I  believe  her  capable  of  as  glorious  a 
future.  It  may  be  you  will  have  to  work  harder  here  than  in 
the  great  West;  endure  more  and  have  less  pleasure  than  in 
the  crowded  cities  where  so  many  have  gone,  but  it  lies  within 
your  power  by  patterning  after  Lee's  self-denial,  by  emulating 
his  stern  sense  of  duty,  to  build  up  the  waste  places  in  the  old 
Commonwealth  and  make  her  bloom  and  blossom  like  the  rose. 

It  may  not  be  in  your  lot  to  be  sublime  figures  in  your  coun- 
try's history,  but  in  the  ranks  of  those  who  made  her  great 
you  will  have  your  place,  and  surely  he  who  does  his  duty  well 
shall,  if  not  here,  at  least  hereafter,  take  his  stand  amongst 
those  to  whom  the  King  will  say,  "Well  done." 

Lee,  the  Virginian — one  other  picture,  one  other  lesson,  and 
I  am  done. 

From  the  private  citizen  up  through  gradations  to  the  idol- 
ized commander  of  the  grandest  army  the  world  ever  saw, 
our  hero  has  risen.  Victory  after  victory,  is  his  until  over- 
whelmed by  superior  numbers  and  resources,  the  end  comes. 
In  all  history  I  know  not  such  a  figure. 

Returning  to  his  home — alas!  not  his  old  home;  of  that  he 
had  been  despoiled — he  took  up  the  burden  of  life  again  with 
an  uncomplaining  and  heroic  submission.  Again  wealth  lured 
him  to  leave  his  native  state.  You  know  the  story:  how  a 
nobleman  in  the  grand  little  island  from  whence,  I  thank  God, 
we  draw  our  pure  unmixed  blood  and  our  love  of  liberty — of- 
fered him  a  magnificent  home  and  a  competency. 

A  great  corporation  tendered  him  a  salary  larger  than  that 
of  the  President,  for  the  simple  use  of  his  name. 

"I  cannot  leave  my  people,"  he  said. 


LEE   BIRTHDAY  ADDRESSES  247 

\Yealth  and  honor  had  failed  to  tempt  him  then.  Wealth 
and  honor  could  not  tempt  him  now. 

And  here  I  draw  my  second  and  last  lesson  from  the  life  of 
Lee.  the  Virginian. 

There  was  no  longer  any  doubt  as  to  the  result.  When  he 
made  his  former  choice  there  was  the  element  of  uncertainty; 
the  risk  of  danger.  Xow,  there  was  no  doubt.  Poverty  had 
come :  the  utter  wreck  and  ruin  of  all  he  held  dear  was  around 
him,  and  again  he  refused  to  leave  his  people  and  his  native 
state,  preferring  poverty  with  them  to  wealth  and  honor 
amongst  others.  With  quiet  dignity-  he  chose  a  life  of  honest 
toil,  refusing  wealth  and  ease,  and  once  again  set  an  example 
to  his  people  worthy  to  be  followed.  Here  then  let  us  emulate 
him  again.  This  is  the  day  of  mad  rushing  after  wealth  and 
ease.  In  the  struggle  all  is  forgotten,  but  the  wealth  that  per- 
ishes. From  the  highest  to  the  lowest  we  hear  again  the  mock- 
ing quip  of  "honest"  lago.  "Put  money  in  thy  purse/'  Patri- 
otism, state  pride,  old  honest  methods,  integrity — these  are  but 
made  subordinate  to  the  acquisition  of  that  which  man  heapeth 
up  in  vain  and  cannot  tell  who  shall  gather. 

To  the  far-seeing  patriot  the  generation  now  forging  to  the 
front  in  the  South  resembles,  more  than  any  other,  that  which 
followed  the  great  change  of  the  first  French  Revolution.  Be- 
hind it  was  a  past  entirely  destroyed,  but  still  throbbing  under 
its  ruins :  before  it  the  dawn,  trembling  on  the  horizon,  the  first 
gleam  of  the  future.  The  present  age,  that  which  separated 
the  past  from  the  future,  and  was  neither  the  one  nor  the 
other:  which  resembled  both  at  the  same  time,  and  in  which  no 
one  could  tell  at  any  step  he  made  whether  that  upon  which  he 
trod  was  a  springing  seed  or  the  fragment  of  ruin:  of  that  gen- 
eration it  is  said  three  voices  clamored  aloud.  The  rich  said: 
"There  is  nothing  true  but  wealth.  Everything  else  is  a  dream; 
let  us  enjoy  and  die/'  And  those  of  moderate  fortune  said: 
"There  is  nothing  true  but  forget  fulness.  All  the  rest  is  a 
dream:  let  us  forget  and  die."  And  the  poor  said:  "There  is 
nothing  true  but  misery.  All  the  rest  is  a  dream:  let  us  blas- 
pheme and  die." 

Today  it  seems  to  me  we  hear  the  first  voice  crying  in  the 


248  LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES 

street,  and  unlike  wisdom  all  men  regard  her.  And  yet  abroad 
throughout  this  land  come  now  and  then,  dim  mutterings  that 
warn  us  that  the  other  voices  may  yet  come. 

Virginians,  shall  they  come  to  us?  We  are  on  the  dawn  of 
a  new  prosperity.  We  grow  bright  and  cheerful  with  the 
thought  that  a  new  era,  golden  and  glorious,  begins  to  send  its 
sun-rays  over  our  mountain  tops  and  into  our  deepest  valleys. 
I  would  stay  it  not ;  tiptoe  I  would  stand  to  see  the  first  beam, 
and  welcome  it  as  the  traveller  does  the  earliest  sun  in  the 
Arctic  morn.  But  if  gaining  wealth,  in  gaining  prosperity,  we 
are  to  turn  our  backs  upon  all  that  has  made  us  glorious  in  the 
past,  then  despite  the  temptation  of  worldly  wealth,  Oh  God, 
grant  us  Lee's  spirit.  Thou  gave  us  Lee,  and  let  us,  like  our 
noble  chieftain,  choose  the  right,  the  true,  the  good,  with  Vir- 
ginians* for  Virginia :  the  old  time  honor,  even  with  the  old 
time  poverty. 

Well  has  his  native  State  in  her  calendar  set  apart  this  day. 
Few  festal  days  our  lives  have  given  us.  One  to  the  Child,  im- 
mortal, eternal,  invisible ;  one  to  the  New  Year's  first  light 
footsteps;  one  to  the  man  Virginia  gave  the  Union;  one  to  the 
day  Virginia  gave  the  Declaration  to  the  world ;  one  to  Thanks- 
giving for  the  fruits  and  harvest  of  the  field.  And  now  Vir- 
ginia adds  to  her  calendar  a  day  consecrated  to  her  greatest 
modern  son.  She  has  done  well.  His  memory  consecrates  the 
day ;  and  you,  who  through  fire  and  sword  followed  him,  have 
done  well  to  gather  here.  Would  that  some  voice  more  fitting 
could  have  been  chosen  to  sound  his  praises.  And  yet,  how 
vain,  how  empty  are  idle  words !  Serenely  placed  beyond  the 
need  of  praise,  beyond  the  reach  of  blame,  his  majestic  figure 
fills  another  niche  in  the  great  temple  of  Virginia's  heroes. 
Lee,  the  Virginian !  Long  may  the  survivors  of  his  hard- 
fought  fields  meet  on  this  day  to  renew  the  memories  of  his 
glory.  May  they  gather  with  them  the  generations  that  come 
after  them,  and  teach  them  lessons  of  love  for  liberty,  love  for 
the  Union,  love  for  the  cause  they  fought  for,  yet  to  triumph 
in  the  Union. 

"Truth   crushed    to   earth   will   rise  again, 
The  eternal  years  of  God  are  hers." 


LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES  249 

I  do  not  despair.  Almost  with  prophetic  eye  I  can  see  the 
day  come  when  throughout  all  this  land  to  have  been  a  soldier 
of  Lee  will,  by  North  as  well  as  by  South,  be  recognized  as  the 
highest  crown  of  honor.  When  against  the  giant  forces  of 
centralization  and  paternalism  in  government  shall  arise  the 
majesty  of  the  States,  the  supreme  will  of  the  people ;  then 
will  all  recognize  the  grandeur  of  your  struggle,  the  patriotism 
of  your  aim.  Young  men  of  my  generation,  of  the  generation 
younger  than  mine,  never  in  your  presence  let  a  word  of  dis- 
paragement be  spoken  against  Lee's  cause,  Lee's  memory,  or 
Lee's  old  men. 

Old  soldiers,  to  you  my  heart  goes  out  in  thanks  for  this  op- 
portunity to  tell  you  how  I  love  you  and  how  I  shall  teach  my 
children  to  love  you.  To  me  in  your  gatherings  there  is  a 
depth  of  pathos  unspeakable.  For  the  first  time — perhaps  for 
the  last — I  have  spoken  to  you  assembled  Confederate  Vet- 
erans. Day  by  day  your  ranks  will  thin  and  the  time  soon 
come  when  all  shall  stand  to  answer  at  the  last  great  muster 
roll.  But  in  the  memory  of  a  grateful  land  your  names  shall 
live  as  long  as  patriotism  has  a  place  or  virtue  holds  her  seat. 
When  in  the  years  to  come  I  shall  gather  my  children,  and 
haply  my  children's  children,  about  my  knees,  they  shall  learn 
the  lessons  of  your  noble  lives.  To  them  I  shall  leave  as  a 
priceless  legacy  the  stainless  sword  my  father  wore,  the  grey 
coat  consecrated  by  the  years  of  war,  and  if  honors  may  be 
mine,  amongst  them  all  I  shall  bid  them  count  as  one  in  no  de- 
gree the  least,  that  Lee's  men  bade  me  speak  to  them  of  Lee. 
and  listened  lovingly  to  every  word  I  spoke. 


250  LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES 

ADDRESS  OF  DR.  GEORGE  L.  PETRIE. 

Delivered  before  the  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp  at  their  re- 
quest, in  the  Presbyterian  Church,  Charlottesville,  Va.,  Sun- 
day, 8  P.  M.,  Jan.  ipth,  1902,  by  George  L.  Petrie,  chaplain  of 
the  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp. 

Allow  me,  first  of  all,  to  express  a  deep  sense  of  the  honor 
conferred  upon  me  in  your  request  that  I  should  address  you  on 
this  occasion,  the  anniversary  of  General  Lee's  birth.  It  gives 
me  great  pleasure  to  greet  the  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp  on 
this  memorable  anniversary.  The  sacred  day,  the  sacred  place, 
the  extraordinary  hero  commemorated,  and  the  high  calling  in 
which  it  is  my  privilege  to  serve  God,  the  church  and  mankind 
throw  certain  restrictions  around  me,  and  to  some  extent  de- 
termine the  course  of  my  remarks. 

I  do  not  propose  an  extensive  eulogy  of  General  Robert  E. 
Lee.  For  such  a  task  I  am  not  competent,  and,  were  I  compe- 
tent, he  does  not  need  it  from  me  or  from  any  other  man.  All 
verbal  panegyrics  fall  too  short  of  the  illustrious  subject  to 
approve  the  vain  attempt. 

Ours  is  the  humble  effort,  perhaps  we  may  say  the  more  sel- 
fish effort,  to  place  ourselves  in  the  light  that  radiates  from  his 
noble  life:  not  to  increase  his  glory,  which  we  cannot  aug- 
ment, but  by  it  ourselves  to  be  enriched.  To  know  the  great 
and  good  is  an  inestimable  blessing:  to  come  into  contact  with 
such  is  a  benediction  on  human  life. 

He  who  stands  amidst  the  grand  objects  of  nature,  if  he  has 
an  appreciative  and  responsive  soul,  is  inspired  to  high  thought 
and  great  resolves  by  surrounding  magnitude  and  majesty. 
He  is  lifted  and  strengthened  and  stimulated  and  enabled  be- 
yond the  ordinary  possibilities  of  his  nature.  He  is  stirred  to 
nobler  hope  and  greater  endeavor  and  higher  destiny. 

We  always  catch  a  little  of  the  glory  that  we  gaze  upon ;  and 
are  changed  from  glory  to  glory  by  a  vision  of  the  glorious. 
To  see  the  beautiful,  to  think  and  to  know  the  great :  these  are 
creative  in  the  soul,  creative  of  the  beautiful,  the  good,  the 
great.  An  eminent  English  painter  refused  to  look  on  inferior 
art.  He  feared  its  detractive  power.  Every  life  is  a  resultant 


LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES  251 

of  all  the  powers  that  touch  it  round  about.  Let  us  get  near 
and  keep  near  the  good  and  great.  Where  are  shed  the  rich- 
est blessings  of  personal  influence,  there  it  is  well  to  be.  There 
are  persons  whose  presence  is  a  benediction,  and  whose  mem- 
ory is  equally  so.  Amongst  men  a  more  illustrious  example  of 
this  happy  formative  power  I  do  not  know  than  of  him  whose 
name  is  the  bond  of  our  presence  here  this  evening.  They 
were  helped  who  lived  with  him.  We  are  helped  by  thinking 
of  him  and  speaking  of  him  here. 

This  service  has  a  prompting  from  within  us.  There  is 
that  in  us,  divinely  engrafted  on  our  nature  and  ever  cherished 
by  us,  which  forbids  that  what  is  great  and  good,  noble  and 
worthy,  shall  ever  be  forgotten.  A  perpetual  "In  Memoriam" 
in  the  human  heart  celebrates  the  praises  of  true  worth.  By 
masterly  touch  of  art.  the  features  of  our  loved  are  faithfully 
preserved  and  kept  vividly  before  us.  By  bronze  or  marble 
shaft  their  well-earned  glories  are  kept  forever  fresh.  As  in 
the  days  of  the  "blind  old  bard  of  Scio's  rocky  isle,"  so  ever 
human  lives  are  set  to  the  music  of  human  songs,  and  are  sung 
into  immortality  of  fame.  The  rapid  annalist  gathers  up  and 
preserves  for  future  use  treasures  of  human  words  and  hu- 
man deeds.  The  statelier  historian,  impartial,  makes  up  the 
destiny  of  human  names,  and  assigns  to  each  its  niche  in  the 
Temple  of  Historic  Fame. 

So  by  all  means  at  our  command,  we  will  not  let  the  memory 
of  our  loved,  honored  and  admired  fade  "while  life  and 
thought  and  being  last,  or  immortality  endures." 

On  many  a  hill  of  Israel's  land,  by  God's  command,  stood 
and  shone  conspicuous  memorial  stones,  silent  witnesses,  but 
eloquent  in  silence,  of  great  events,  when  God  revealed  His 
mighty  hand  in  Israel's  defense.  In  Deuteronomy  we  read : 
"These  words  shall  be  in  thine  heart.  Thou  shalt  teach  them 
to  thy  children,  and  shalt  talk  of  them  when  thou  sittest  in  thy 
house,  and  when  thou  walkest  by  the  way,  and  when  thou  liest 
down,  and  when  thou  risest  up.  Thou  shalt  bind  them  for  a 
sign  upon  thy  hand.  They  shall  be  as  frontlets  between  thine 
eyes.  Thou  shalt  write  them  upon  the  posts  of  thy  house,  and 
on  thy  gates." 


252  LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES 

So  do  we  commemorate  the  great  and  good  man,  General 
Lee,  honored  and  beloved  by  all  the  world,  but  by  no  others 
with  that  tenderness,  pathos,  and  devotion  which  touch  the 
hearts  of  all  in  this  Southland.  Memorials  of  stone  and 
bronze  there  are,  but  we  offer  a  tribute  better  than  these,  the 
pure  love  and  sincere  devotion  of  our  hearts. 

Unwilling  to  forget,  if  we  could  forget;  unwilling  that  the 
lines  which  trace  to  human  view  his  great  character  and  bril- 
liant career  shall  ever  grow  dim  and  fade  away,  those  lines  we 
would  retouch  and  retrace  by  the  fresh  recital  of  our  love.  So 
by  our  rude  hands,  untutored  and  unskilled,  we  would  brush 
away  from  the  picture  all  that  has  gathered  to  dim  or  hide  its 
charms. 

This  is  our  heart  prompting.  These  are  the  thoughts  that 
breathe,  and  these  the  words  that  burn.  This  the  prompting 
to  which  we  yield,  when  we  speak  lovingly  of  him  who  stood 
for  us  and  with  us  in  the  day  of  need,  amid  the  raging  of  the 
storm,  till  the  muttering  of  the  thunder  passed  away. 

There  was  a  sturdy  greatness  about  General  Lee.  This  is  so 
splendidly  true,  that  the  remark  seems  almost  commonplace. 
There  are  lives  that  never  die :  lives  over  which  death  has  no 
power.  Men  sometimes  live  so  that  they  never  die.  They  dis- 
appear, but  they  live.  They  cease  to  be  seen,  but  they  live. 
Their  voices  are  hushed,  but  they  live.  Their  records  are 
made  up ;  but  they  live.  They  cease  to  frequent  the  thorough- 
fares of  men,  but  theirs  is  a  sacred  life:  a  light  that  dims  not, 
a  power  that  loses  naught  of  its  strange,  true  might.  Their 
lives  are  memorials,  which  we  build  not,  but  only  recognize : 
each  built  by  the  hero's  extraordinary  character  and  career. 
They  are  not  rendered  illustrious  by  aught  we  may  do  to  com- 
memorate them.  They  are  illustrious.  They  have  made  them- 
selves so.  We  cannot  add  to  the  brightness  of  their  fame;  but 
we  may  rejoice  to  draw  near  and  stand  in  the  light,  the  bright, 
pure  light  of  their  noble  lives. 

By  universal  acclaim,  General  Lee  was  a  great  soldier.  When 
some  one  criticised  General  Joseph  E.  Johnston,  General  Lee 
remarked :  "If  General  Johnston  is  not  a  soldier,  we  have  no 
soldier."  We  may  apply  the  remark  to  General  Lee  himself. 


LEE    BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES  253 

If  he  was  not  a  great  soldier,  there  has  not  been  a  great  sol- 
dier. His  military  fame  is  decreed  beyond  revision  or  repeal. 
It  is  a  well  established  fact  that  it  was  more  than  hinted  to 
him,  before  he  resigned  his  commission  in  the  United  States 
army,  at  the  muttering  of  a  coming  war,  that  the  command  of 
the  United  States  army  was  within  his  reach.  General  Scott 
earnestly  and  long  prayed  him  not  to  resign.  It  is  saying  but 
little,  that  General  Lee's  military  career  confirmed  the  judg- 
ment formed  of  his  great  genius  as  he  stood  facing  the  morn- 
ing with  life's  day  still  largely  before  him  and  life's  great  work 
still  largely  to  be  achieved. 

But  I  am  in  haste  to  turn  our  thoughts  to  the  grandeur  of 
General  Lee's  character  as  a  Christian  man.  I  wish  to  feel  and 
to  help  others  to  feel  the  marvellous  power  of  his  life  for 
good.  He  was  good.  Note  that.  In  him  goodness  was  in 
union  with  greatness.  Goodness  is  thus  seen  in  its  best  light, 
and  receives  its  noblest  stamp.  In  such  a  life  we  see  that  good- 
ness is  not  a  sickly  feeble  thing.  It  is  not  weakness.  It  is  not 
effeminacy.  It  is  never  more  in  place  than  when  it  adorns  the 
strong,  the  sturdy,  the  majestic,  the  great.  Goodness  is  great- 
ness in  the  moral  world.  Than  this  lesson  there  is  no  richer 
legacy  left  us  by  the  great  war  of  which  it  is  our  honor  to  be 
veterans.  Men  have  said  that  the  worst  effects  of  war  are  its 
moral  disturbances  and  upheavels.  This  is  probably  true.  But 
out  of  those  dark  shadows  there  gleams  a  wondrous  light 
burning  on  quenchless  and  forevermore :  the  unsullied  purity 
and  unsurpassed  goodness  of  great  Christian  heroes  like  Gen- 
eral Lee. 

It  is  worth  all  the  deep  darkness  of  a  night  to  see  a  star  of 
unusual  splendor  glow  in  the  shadowed  sky.  It  is  worth  vast 
sacrifice  to  see  how  good  a  great  man  can  be  in  the  times  that 
try  men's  souls.  In  the  darkness  we  have  seen  the  light. 

Such  a  life  is  a  new  interpretation  of  goodness  for  mankind. 
A  painter  puts  on  his  pallette  a  stone  of  standard  color  to  look 
at  from  time  to  time  in  order  to  tone  up  his  vision  of  the  true 
color.  From  time  to  time  God  gives  us  a  noble  type  of  good- 
ness to  tone  up  our  judgment  of  what  real  goodness  is.  Good- 
ness is  strong,  manly,  brave  and  true. 


254  LEE    BIRTHDAY    ADDRESSES 

In  the  presence  and  memory  of  such  a  character  we  are 
strengthened  in  our  appeals  to  men  to  be  clothed  with  Chris- 
tian grace.  There  is  a  man.  Every  inch  a  man.  His  crown- 
ing glory  was  the  gospel  grace  that  beautified  his  life.  His  fa- 
ther said  of  him :  "Robert  was  always  good."  The  boy  who 
was  good  became  a  good  man,  and  when  a  chieftain  in  war, 
bowed  his  head  at  the  camp-fire  prayer  meeting  the  most  de- 
vout of  worshippers.  When  President  of  Washington  and 
Lee  University,  he  said :  "I  shall  not  be  content  till  these  boys 
come  to  be  Christians." 

It  is  manly  to  be  good.  Of  all  that  is  human  there  is  no  bet- 
ter ideal  for  the  youth  of  the  land  than  this  illustrious  hero  in 
whose  life  shone  the  twin  stars  of  greatness  and  goodness. 

He  was  loyal  to  duty.  A  marked  feature  of  General  Lee's 
character  was  his  devotion  to  duty.  To  be  right  was  supreme. 
No  temptations  to  swerve  from  the  right  seemed  to  have  power 
with  him.  No  offers  of  rich  reward  or  brilliant  prospects  of 
preferment  availed  to  detach  him  from  the  course  he  believed 
to  be  right. 

He  judged  not  others  who  differed  from  him.  He  was  no 
censor  of  his  fellow  men.  But  his  own  principles  were  set- 
tled as  the  adamant  of  the  mountains,  and  he  lived  by  them. 
His  own  convictions  were  deep  as  the  foundation  of  the  hills, 
and  he  abode  by  them.  His  charity,  a  great  wide  mantle,  was 
thrown  over  all  the  world.  What  a  splendid  model  for  us  in 
this!  There  were  greatness  and  goodness  in  sweet  and  happy 
union. 

One  day  General  Lee  stood  at  his  gate  talking  to  a  humble 
man,  who  seemed  greatly  pleased  at  the  courtesy  of  the  great 
chieftain.  The  man  went  away.  General  Lee  remarked  to  a 
familiar  friend :  "That  is  one  of  our  soldiers  in  necessitous 
circumstances."  Then  he  added:  "He  fought  on  the  other 
side."  The  soldier  went  away  enriched  by  a  generous  contri- 
bution-from  the  great  chieftain's  purse. 

When  the  storm  of  war  had  passed  over,  and  peace  had 
come  with  its  new  trials  and  its  perplexities  and  cares,  no  one 
more  nobly  adjusted  himself  to  the  new  conditions  than  he 
who  had  led  our  armies  in  the  days  of  war. 


LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES  255 

The  results  of  war  left  no  rancor  in  his  soul.  The  failure  of 
the  cause  marked  no  failure  in  the  grand  character  that  es- 
poused the  cause.  It  is  a  worthy  lesson.  A  man  needs  never 
to  fail.  He  may  see  all  go  down  around  him.  His  plans  may 
be  broken  up.  His  riches  may  leave  him.  His  hopes  may  be 
sadly  disturbed.  His  conditions  may  be  severely  changed.  His 
surroundings  may  be  utterly  confused.  Yet  the  man  can  stand 
triumphant  amid  all  the  debris  and  ruin,  himself  a  peerless 
victory.  General  Lee  never  failed',  nor  was  he  ever  conquered. 
Personally  he  was  as  triumphant  in  defeat  as  in  the  blaze  of 
victory. 

A  lady,  who  had  lost  her  husband  in  the  war,  brought  her 
son  to  college  to  General  Lee.  She  was  very  bitter  in  her  ex- 
pressions toward  the  North.  General  Lee  said  to  her: 
"Madam,  do  not  train  up  your  children  in  hostility  to  the  Gov- 
ernment of  the  United  States.  Remember  that  we  are  one 
country  now.  Dismiss  from  your  mind  all  sectional  feeling, 
and  bring  them  up  to  be  Americans." 

Here  is  a  life  that  was  a  great  success.  It  is  not  to  be  meas- 
ured by  the  success  or  failure  of  the  special  cause  in  which  its 
energies  were  freely  spent.  It  stands  above  all  temporary  sur- 
roundings :  victorious  amid  ruins,  unimpaired  by  disasters,  un- 
touched by  the  failures  of  little  human  plans.  Within  itself 
and  of  itself  it  is  ever  a  grand  success. 

It  makes  not  so  much  difference  where  a  man  may  be  if  the 
man  is  there;  what  sphere  he  may  fill  if  he  fills  the  sphere; 
what  external  conditions  may  be  his  within  the  limits  of  what 
is  honorable,  if  the  spirit  of  the  man  be  there.  Then  glory 
crowns  his  life.  Only  be  the  man.  Let  God  direct  the  rest. 
Victory  will  crown  the  fight. 

When  all  the  jealousies  and  rivalries  of  war  are  buried  in 
the  deep,  dark  past,  here  is  a  name,  the  brightness  of  which, 
shall  never  dim.  Here  are  glories  that  shall  be  claimed  by  the 
world  as  a  rich  heritage.  Perhaps  not  merely  because  he  was 
great ;  others  as  great  have  not  had  the  glory ;  nor  merely  be- 
cause he  was  good ;  others  as  good  have  not  had  the  sound  of 
praise.  But  because  these  two  bright  lights  blended  their  mar- 
vellous rays  in  one :  great  as  good  and  good  as  great,  to  shed 


256  LEE    BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES 

their  combined  and  helpful  light  on  the  shadowed  pathways  of 
the  world. 

The  light  of  this  great  hero's  life  was  a  kindled  and  re- 
flected light.  Kindled  from  the  Great  Light,  reflected  from 
the  real.  The  true  light  was  superior,  supreme.  Let  us  be 
guided  by  all  that  is  admirable  in  him  to  all  that  is  most  ad- 
mirable in  the  perfect  character  of  the  Supreme  Chieftain. 

In  literature  there  is  a  beautiful  allegory  of  "The  Great 
Stone  Face."  A  village  rested  in  the  shadow  of  a  great  moun- 
tain. There  was  a  great  stone  face  carved  by  the  ages  in  the 
rocky  mountain  side.  A  prophecy  there  was  that  there  would 
come  a  man  who  would  be  a  blessing  to  the  village  and  that  his 
features  would  be  like  the  great  stone  face.  Many  heard  the 
prophecy  and  saw  the  great  stone  face  and  thought  of  it  no 
more.  A  youth  of  earnest  soul  treasured  the  prophecy,  and 
thought  there  should  be  some  preparation  made  for  the  good 
work  of  the  coming  man.  So  he  humbly  began  to  speak  help- 
ful words  and  do  helpful  deeds.  When  he  became  old,  and 
his  whitened  hair  about  his  head  was  like  the  mist  of  the  moun- 
tain, the  villagers  said :  "The  man  has  come.  He  is  with  us. 
He  has  long  been  with  us  and  has  been  a  great  blessing  to  us 
all.  He  caught  the  spirit  of  the  prophecy  as  he  gazed  on  the 
stone  face  of  the  rocky  mountain  side." 

Let  us  gaze  on  the  splendid  example -of  human  greatness  and 
goodness.  Let  us  catch  its  spirit  and  grow  into  its  likeness. 
Let  us  fulfil  its  prophecy,  so  by  its  guidance  and  its  help  we 
shall  ever  draw  nearer  to  that  Supreme  One  whom  to  know  is 
eternal  life,  and  who  in  us  becomes  the  hope  of  glory. 


LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES  257 

DR.    RICHARD    HEATH    DABNEY'S   ADDRESS. 

Lee's  Anniversary. 
CONFEDERATE  SOLDIERS  NOT  REBELS  AND  TRAITORS. 

At  the  close  of  Dr.  Richard  Heath  Dabney's  address  on  Lee's 
Birthday  to  the  Albemarle  Chapter  of  the  Daughters  of  the  Con- 
federacy, the  veterans  of  the  John  Bowie  Strange  Camp,  and 
the  Monticello  Guard,  it  was  voted  that  he  be  requested  to 
write  out  the  address  for  publication  in  the  Progress.  As  he 
spoke  from  only  a  few  scrappy  notes,  it  is,  of  'course,  impossi- 
ble for  him  to  repeat  the  exact  language  of  the  address.  He 
has  consented,  however,  to  attempt  an  approximate  reproduc- 
tion of  his  remarks,  which  were  substantially  as  follows: 

Daughters  of  the  Confederacy,  Veterans,  Guardsmen :  I  was 
told  a  few  days  ago  that  the  late  Rev.  J.  William  Jones  was 
suddenly  requested,  upon  an  occasion  similar  to  this,  to  take  the 
place  of  a  speaker  who  had  failed  to  turn  up.  Without  a  mo- 
ment's hesitation  he  agreed  to  do  so,  with  the  remark  that  he 
was  ready  at  any  time,  even  if  awakened  in  the  middle  of  the 
night,  to  talk  about  General  Lee.  But  Dr.  Jones,  whose  ardent 
soul  always  burned  for  the  Confederate  Cause,  had  actually 
been  a  follower  of  Lee.  His  mind  and  heart  were  full  to  over- 
flowing with  memories  of  his  great  commander,  and  he  was, 
moreover,  gifted  with  fluent  speech.  As  for  myself,  however,  I 
attempt  with  trepidation  the  task  assigned  me.  You  expected  to 
hear  that  distinguished  Confederate  soldier,  Colonel  Bumgard- 
ner,  but,  because  of  his  unfortunate  illness,  are  reduced  to  the 
necessity  of  listening  to  one  who  is  merely  a  Confedrate  sol- 
dier's son.  I  commiserate  you.  Yet  what  can  I  do?  The 
Daughters  of  the  Confederacy  have  requested  me  to  speak ; 
and  to  a  veteran's  son  a  request  from  the  Daughters  is  equiva- 
lent to  a  command. 

His  not  to  reason  why, 
His  not  to  make  reply, 
His  but  to  do — or  die ! 

It  was  suggested  by  the  ladies  that,  as  I  was  asked  to  speak 
on  such  short  notice,  I  should  repeat  what  I  said  on  Memorial 


258  LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES 

Day  two  or  three  years  ago.  On  that  day  I  attempted  to  defend 
the  Confederate  soldiers  against  the  charge  that  they  had  died 
in  defense  of  the  institution  of  slavery  and  the  pecuniary  value 
of  their  slaves.  But,  as  a  number  of  those  hefle  to-day  were 
present  then,  I  cannot  bring  myself  to  risk  boring  them  by  a 
twice  told  tale.  It  may  be  remembered,  however,  that  the  sud- 
den approach  of  rain  on  that  occasion  forced  me  to  curtail  my 
speech.  I  had  intended  to  defend  the  Confederate  soldiers 
against  another  charge  also,  the  charge,  namely,  that  they  were 
rebels  and  traitors.  With  your  permission  I  shall  endeavor  to 
do  now,  in  more  detail,  what  the  threatening  storm  prevented 
me  from  doing  then. 

What  is  a  "rebel?"  In  my  dictionary  I  find  a  rebel  to  be 
"one  who  revolts  from  the  government  to  which  he  owes  alle- 
giance." Note  particularly  the  words :  "to  which  he  owes  al- 
legiance." 

What  is  a  "traitor?"  "One  guilty  of  treason.''  And  what  is 
"treason?"  According  to  the  United  States  Constitution,  "trea- 
son against  the  United  States  shall  consist  only  in  levying  war 
against  them,  or  in  adhering  to  their  enemies,  giving  them  aid 
and  comfort."  But,  as  a  matter  of  course,  such  treason  can 
only  be  committed  by  a  citizen  of  the  United  States.  A  for- 
eigner cannot  commit  treason.  A  German  cannot  commit  trea- 
son against  France,  nor  a  Frenchman  against  Germany. 

Was  Lee  a  citizen  of  the  United  States  when  he  drew  his 
sword  against  them?  Did  he  then  owe  allegiance  to  the  United 
States  government?  Let  us  examine  the  origin  of  that  govern- 
ment before,  answering  these  questions. 

It  was  asserted  by  Joseph  Story  and  Abraham  Lincoln,  among 
others,  that  the  Union  was  older  than  the  States,  and  had  ac- 
tually created  them.  This  assertion  is  absolutely  untrue;  and, 
unless  we  are  willing  to  accuse  these  illustrious  men  of  wilful 
falsehood,  we  are  driven  to  the  alternative  of  declaring  that  the' 
assertion  was  due  to  historical  ignorance  on  their  part.  Let  us 
look  at  the  facts. 

One  of  these  bed-rock  facts  is  that  Virginia  not  only  sent 
delegates  to  the  Continental  Congress  to  propose  that  all  the  col- 
onies should  declare  themselves  independent,  but  adopted  her 


LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES  259 

own  constitution  (including  her  famous  Bill  of  Rights),  and  ac- 
tually declared  herself  an  independent  state  on  June  29th,  1776, 
just  five  days  before  the  Continental  Congress  issued  the  Dec- 
laration of  Independence  for  all  the  states.  Shall  we  say,  then, 
that  the  "Union"  created  the  state  of  Virginia?  Or  shall  we  not 
rather  say  that  the  state  of  Virginia  took  the  lead  in  helping  to 
create  the  "Union?" 

Let  us  not  be  deceived  by  this  abstract  noun,  the  "Union." 
It  is  a  pure  abstraction.  Thirteen  colonies  took  joint  and  con- 
current action  in  proclaiming  themselves  independent.  They 
took  united  action  in  defending  themselves  against  Great  Britain 
(just  as  thirteen  individuals,  if  attacked  by  highwaymen,  might 
unitedly  defend  themselves),  but  they  were  "United"  States, 
in  no  other  sense  at  that  time.  Not  for  five  years  after  the  Dec- 
laration of  Independence  did  they  establish  any  federal  govern- 
ment whatever.  During  all  that  time,  as  before  that  time,  the 
Continental  Congress  was  nothing  but  a  very  large  advisory 
committee  with  no  legal  power  whatever.  It  could  and  did  is- 
sue, in  the  shape  of  paper  currency,  its  promises  to  pay — as,  for 
that  matter,  any  individual  or  group  of  individuals  could  have 
done — but  it  could  not  make  that  currency  legal  tender.  It 
could  merely  advise  the  sovereign  states  to  do  so,  and  they  did. 
It  could  levy  no  taxes  whatever,  but  could  only,  on  almost 
bended  knee,  entreat  the  sovereign  states  to  contribute  money 
for  the  prosecution  of  the  war  and  for  the  redemption  of  its 
promises  to  pay.  Where,  then,  was  the  "Union"  which,  in  Lin- 
coln's imagination,  antedated  the  states  and  brought  them  Into 
being?  So  far  from  being  the  mighty  creator  of  the  states,  the 
latter  contemptuously  ignored,  to  a  great  extent,  the  congres- 
sional entreaties  for  money,  and  forced  the  impotent  advisory 
committee  at  Philadelphia  to  repudiate  practically  the  whole  of 
the  Continental  currency. 

Had  Lincoln's  "Union"  been  more  than  a  fiction,  it  could  and 
would  have  imposed  its  will  upon  its  "creatures,"  the  states. 
But,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  there  was  no  legal  union  whatever  un- 
til the  adoption  of  the  Articles  of  Confederation  in  1781,  a  few 
months  before  the  battle  of  Yorktown.  And  even  that  union 
was  but  the  shadow  of  a  shade.  For  the  states  still  refused  to 


260  LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES 

grant  the  general  government  any  power  to  raise  taxes  or  to 
deal  directly  with  individual  citizens  in  any  way. 

The  states  alone  could  levy  taxes,  and  they  alone  could  act 
directly  upon  individuals.  In  the  very  first  of  the  Articles  it 
was  declared :  "Each  state  retains  its  Freedom,  Sovereignty 
and  Independence."  Can  a  state,  any  more  than  a  man,  "re- 
tain" what  it  does  not  already  possess?  If  sovereignty  had  in- 
hered in  the  ''Union"  and  if  the  states  had  been  merely  its  crea- 
tures and  underlings,  the  article  would  have  enumerated  the 
rights  graciously  conferred  upon  these  underlings  by  this  pow- 
erful sovereign.  But  there  was  no  such  enumeration,  because 
there  was  no  such  sovereign.  On  the  contrary  it  was  the  states 
that,  each  and  all,  "retained"  the  sovereignty  which  they  al- 
ready possessed,  and  that  doled  out  to  their  creature,  the  Union, 
such  feeble  and  meagre  powers  as  they  chose  to  confer. 

So  powerless,  indeed,  was  the  alleged  "government"  of  the 
"United"  States  at  that  time  that  the  individual  states  went 
their  several  ways,  almost  forgetful  of  the  existence  of  Con- 
gress. In  that  body,  each  state,  large  or  small,  had  but  a  sin- 
gle vote.  No  important  measure  could  be  passed  save  by  a  vote 
of  nine  of  the  thirteen  states.  Yet  frequently  less  than  half  of 
the  states  had  delegates  present ;  even  the  ratification  of  the 
treaty  of  peace  with  Great  Britain  being  delayed  for  lack  of  a 
quorum.  Connecticut  put  higher  tariff  duties  on  goods  from 
Massachusetts  than  upon  goods  from  England ;  there  were  in- 
terstate boundary  disputes  almost  leading  to  war;  and  in  some 
respects  the  states  treated  each  other  as  if  they  had  been  foreign 
nations. 

In  short  the  "Union"  was  a  farce,  and,  when  this  fact  had 
at  last  become  sufficiently  manifest,  all  the  states  except  Rhode 
Island  (which  seemed  satisfied  with  independence  without  union 
with  her  sisters),  sent  delegates  to  the  celebrated  convention  of 
1787,  at  Philadelphia,  to  see  whether  the  Articles  of  Confedera- 
tion could  not  be  so  amended  as  to  make  the  Union  something 
more  than  a  name.  As  the  articles  themselves  forbade  any 
amendment  save  by  unanimous  consent  of  the  states,  the  out- 
look was  blue.  But  the  members  of  the  Convention  were  able 
and  resolute,  and  the  result  of  their  labors  was  the  new  Consti- 


LEE    BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES  261 

tution  of  the  United  States.  The  old  articles  had  declared  not 
only  that  no  amendment  could  be  made  except  by  unanimous 
consent,  but  also  that. the  Union,  under  the  articles^,  should  be 
"perpetual."  Yet  the  framers  of  the  new  Constitution,  appar- 
ently, considering  this  word  to  be  as  meaningless  as  it  is  when 
used  in  treaties  of  peace  between  foreign  nations,  calmly  de- 
cided to  break  up  the  "perpetual"  Union,  and  put  into  the  new 
Constitution  the  provision  that  whenever  as  many  as  nine  or 
more  of  the  states  chose  to  ratify  this  Constitution,  it  should  go 
into  effect  for  those  states  so  ratifying  it.  In  other  words,  the 
framers  of  this  new  instrument  of  government  invited  any  nine 
or  more  states  to  secede  from  the  "perpetual"  Union  and  form 
an  entirely  new  Union.  They  knew,  of  course,  that  neither  they 
nor  anyone  else  could  legally  coerce  a  sovereign  state  into  the 
acceptance  of  this  or  any  other  Constitution.  Even  after  its 
completion,  the  Constitution  was  still  a  mere  proposal ;  still  had 
to  be  laid  before  a  specially  chosen  Convention  in  each  state ; 
still  had  to  be  ratified  by  such  conventions  in  at  least  nine  states 
before  acquiring  legal  validity  in  a  single  one  of  them. 

It  turned  out  that  eleven  of  the  states  decided  to  ratify  the 
Constitution.  These  eleven  sovereign  states,  therefore,  seceded 
from  the  old  "perpetual"  Union  and,  in  accordance  with  the 
provisions  of  their  new  Constitution,  chose  a  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives, a  Senate  and  a  President  of  the  United  States.  What- 
ever the  word  "perpetual"  in  the  old  Articles  of  Confederation 
may  have  been  intended  to  mean,  the  new  Constitution  contains 
no  such  word.  Why  not?  Was  it  not  because  the  framers  of 
the  Constitution,  about  to  recommend  secession  from  one  "per- 
petual" Union,  saw  the  futility  of  the  word  in  describing  the 
new  Union  they  were  attempting  to  promote?  They  hoped,  of 
course,  that  this  new  union  would  be  more  enduring  than  the 
old ;  but  they  well  knew  that  states  which  had  already  seceded 
from  the  British  Empire,  which,  in  their  Articles  of  Confedera- 
tion, had  each  retained  its  "Freedom,  Sovereignty  and  Inde- 
pendence," and  which  were  now  about  to  secede  from  the  Union 
created  under  those  articles,  would  regard  their  right  to  secede 
from  the  new  Union  as  a  matter  of  course.  Why,  then,  label 
this  new  Union  "perpetual?"  If  there  were  some  individuals 


262  LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES 

who  regarded  secession  from  this  new  Union  as  illegal,  there 
can  be  no  doubt  in  the  mind  of  any  judicial  historian  that  the 
vast  majority  thought  otherwise.  New  York,  indeed,  accom- 
panied her  ratification  of  the  Constitution  with  the  plain  asser- 
tion that  "the  powers  of  government  may  be  reassumed  by  the 
people  whensoever  it  shall  become  necessary  to  their  happiness." 
Virginia,  similarly,  declared  that  "the  powers  granted  under  the 
Constitution,  being  derived  from  the  people  of  the  United 
States,  may  be  resumed  by  them,  whensoever  the  same  shall  be 
perverted  to  their  injury  or  oppression."  If  all  the  states  failed 
to  make  similar  declarations,  the  reason  is  probably  that  they, 
in  the  act  of  seceding  from  one  Union,  considered  a  declaration 
that  they  could  secede  from  another  to  be  self-evident  and  there- 
fore superfluous. 

It  so  happens  that,  just  as  George  Washington  was  elected 
President  of  eleven  seceded  states,  Jefferson  Davis,  more  than 
seventy  years  later,  was  also  elected  President  of  eleven  seceded 
states.  Was  Davis  a  "traitor?"  If,  so,  what  was  Washington? 

Moreover,  when  we  reflect  that  Rhode  Island  and  North  Car- 
olina were  not  in  the  Union  at  all  when  Washington  was  inaugu- 
rated, that  for  some  time  afterwards  they  had  no  more  legal 
connection  with  the  United  States  than  England  or  France,  and 
that  they  later  entered  the  Union  only  when  they,  of  their  own 
free  and  sovereign  will,  chose  to  do  so,  what  shall  we  say  of 
Lincoln's  statement  that  the  Union  created  the  states? 

The  truth  is  that  for  many  years  after  the  adoption  of  the 
Constitution  most  Americans  regarded  it  merely  as  an  experi- 
ment. Many  did  not  regard  it  as  even  a  hopeful  experiment. 
Alexander  Hamilton,  for  example,  spoke  of  it  in  1802  as  a  "frail 
and  worthless  fabric,"  and  in  1804  called  democracy  a  "poison" 
and  "our  real  disease."  Could  he  have  had  his  way,  we  should 
have  gone  to  the  "British  form"  of  government,  which  in  his 
day  was  oligarchic,  the  House  of  Commons  being  little  more 
than  a  caudal  appendage  to  the  House  of  Lords.  But  there 
were  others  who,  instead  of  desiring  a  centralized  aristocracy, 
desired  and  even  threatened  or  planned  secession.  In  New 
England  particularly,  secession  sentiment  was  strong,  and  was 
frequently  outspoken.  Such  was  the  case,  for  example,  from 


LEE    BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES  263 

1807  to  1809,  while  the  Embargo  Act  was  on  the  statute  books. 
Such  also  had  been  the  case  when  the  territory  of  Louisiana 
was  purchased  from  Napoleon  in  1803 ;  and  when  the  bill  to  ad- 
mit the  state  of  Louisiana  was  being  debated  in  1812,  Josiah 
Quincy  of  Massachusetts  said:  "If  this  bill  passes,  it  is  my  de- 
liberate opinion  that  it  is  virtually  a  dissolution  of  the  Union; 
that  it  will  free  the  states  from  their  moral  obligation;  and,  as 
it  will  be  the  right  of  all,  so  it  will  be  the  duty  of  some  defi- 
nitely to  prepare  for  a  separation,  amicably  if  they  can,  forci- 
bly if  they  must."  Again,  during  the  war  with  Great  Britain, 
to  which  New  England  was  opposed,  threats  of  secession  were 
heard,  and,  if  the  war  had  not  ended  when  it  did,  it  is  by  no 
means  impossible  that  the  deliberations  of  the  Hartford  Con- 
vention would  have  been  followed  by  actual  secession.  So 
strong,  indeed,  was  the  New  England  conviction  of  the  right  of 
secession  that  as  late  as  1843  thirteen  congressmen,  headed  by 
no  less  a  man  that  former  President  John  Quincy  Adams,  is- 
sued a  statement  declaring  that  the  annexation  of  Texas  would 
be  equivalent  to  a  dissolution  of  the  Union. 

If  in  none  of  these  cases  secession  actually  took  place,  it  was 
not  because  the  right  was  disputed,  but  simply  because  the  ex- 
pediency of  such  action  was  not  clear  to  a  sufficient  number  of 
persons. 

In  December,  1860,  however,  South  Carolina  considered  se- 
cession to  be  not  only  right  but  expedient,  and  her  convention, 
accordingly,  repealed  the  act  by  which  she  had  entered  the 
Union.  As  Virginia  had  declared  herself  independent  on  June 
29th,  1776,  without  waiting  to  see  what  the  other  colonies 
would  do,  so  South  Carolina,  without  waiting  for  action  by  the 
Southern  States,  resumed  all  the  governmental  powers  which 
she  had  temporarily  granted  to  the  Union  she  had  helped  to 
create.  By  February  1st,  1861,  six  other  states  had  also  se- 
ceded, and  soon  a  new  Confederation  was  born. 

But  the  seven  Confederate  states  desired  no  war.  They 
wished  only  to  be  let  alone  and  to  dwell  peacefully  beside  the 
Union  to  which  they  no  longer  cared  to  belong.  They  did  not 
begin  the  war.  Abraham  Lincoln  began  it.  If  A  and  B  have 
a  quarrel,  and  A,  seeing  B  draw  his  pistol,  swiftly  then  draws 


264  LEE-  BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES 

his  own  and  fires,  who  is  the  aggressor?  The  Confederates 
fired  on  Fort  Sumter,  it  is  true,  but  only  after  Seward's 
promises  to  evacuate  the  fort  had  been  broken  and  the  hostile 
fleet  with  reinforcements  and  supplies  was  well  on  its  way. 

The  people  of  Virginia  passionately  loved  the  Union  which 
they  had  done  so  much  to  create.  On  April  4th,  her  Con- 
vention had  refused  to  secede  by  a  vote  of  89  to  45.  Had 
Abraham  Lincoln  left  her  alone,  she  would  not  have  seceded 
at  all.  Nor,  in  my  opinion,  would  North  Carolina,  Tennessee 
or  Arkansas  have  seceded.  Indeed,  I  venture  to  express  the 
opinion — which  is  of  course  merely  an  opinion —  that,  had 
Lincoln  made  no  attempt  to  coerce  the  seven  seceded  states, 
they  would  ultimately  have  returned  to  the  Union.  Many 
Northern  people  had  regarded  Southern  threats  of  secession 
as  mere  bluff,  and  some  had  declared  that  even  South  Carolina 
could  not  be  kicked  out  of  the  Union.  Many  Southerners, 
therefore,  had  favored  secession  in  order  to  open  the  eyes  of 
the  North  to  the  fact  that  the  South,  in  asserting  her  rights, 
was  in  deadly  earnest.  Such  Southerners  believed  that,  if  the 
Southern  States  actually  seceded,  they  could  get  better  terms, 
than  within  the  Union.  Unquestionably  many  Northerners 
disbelieved  in  the  right  of  the  United  States  to  coerce  the 
South,  and  were  eager  to  make  such  concessions  as  might 
bring  the  seceded  States  back  into  the  Union.  Had  such  con- 
cessions been  offered,  reunion  might  well  have  been  the  result 
— reunion  without  bloodshed. 

But  such  was  not  to  be.  Those  Northerners  who  agreed 
with  Horace  Greeley  that  they  did  not  care  to  live  in  a  Union 
in  which  some  of  the  states  were  pinned  to  the  others  with 
bayonets  and  who  were  willing  to  let  the  "erring"  Southern 
sisters  "depart  in  peace,"  did  not  have  their  way.  Lincoln 
chose  to  draw  the  sword,  and  not  simply  to  draw  the  sword : 
he  chose  to  force  Virginia,  North  Carolina,  Tennessee  and 
Arkansas  to  draw  it  also ;  for  in  calling  upon  their  governors 
to  furnish  troops  to  conquer  the  Confederate  States,  he  forced 
each  state  to  decide  whether  she  would  participate  in  or  re- 
sist his  aggression.  For  Virginia,  who  had  always  upheld  the 
principles  of  state  sovereignty,  the  alternatives  were  craven 


LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES  265 

submission  and  dishonor  on  the  one  hand,  or  stern  resistance 
to  Lincoln  on  the  other.  It  did  not  take  her  long  to  decide. 
Her  governor  promptly  refused  to  furnish  troops  for  Lincoln's 
use  in  crushing  the  South,  and  her  Convention  with  quick  de- 
cision reversed  its  former  attitude  and  declared  for  secession 
by  88  votes  to  55.  With  quick  decision,  but  with  agony  and 
grief  at  the  thought,  that  Virginia,  to  escape  dishonor,  had 
been  driven  to  separation  from  that  Union  which  she  had 
done  more  than  any  other  state  to  create  and  mould,  the  ordi- 
nance of  secession  was  referred  to  popular  vote  and  carried 
by  128,884  yeas  to  32,124  nays.  But  those  voting  nay,  either  in 
the  Convention  or  at  the  popular  election,  almost  unanimously 
acquiesced  in  the  decision  of  the  majority.  Jubal  Early,  who- 
voted  nay  in  the  Convention,  is  said  to  have  signed  the  ordi- 
nance with  iron  tears  rolling  down  his  cheeks ;  and  the  strong 
unionist,  John  B.  Baldwin,  when  asked  what  the  Union  men  in 
Virginia  were  going  to  do,  replied :  "We  have  no  Union  men 
in  Virginia  now.  But  those  who  were  Union  men  will  stand 
to  their  guns,  and  make  a  fight  that  will  shine  out  on  the  page 
of  history  as  an  example  of  what  a  brave  people  can  do  after 
exhausting  every  means  of  pacification." 

One  of  the  best  cartoons  brought  forth  by  the  great  war 
now  raging  in  Europe  depicts  the  Kaiser,  pointing,  with  cyni- 
cal leer,  to  the  ruined  villages  and  cities  of  Belgium,  and  say- 
ing to  King  Albert:  "See!  You  have  resisted  my  will,  and 
have  lost  all!"  But  the  King  replies:  "Not  my  soul!" 

Of  material  things  Virginia  lost  almost  all.  Her  soil  was 
drenched  with  blood  and  tears.  But,  like  heroic  Belgium,  she 
saved  her  soul. 

An.d  Lee?  What  was  his  attitude  when  his  native  state 
severed  her  legal  ties  with  the  old  Union  and  cast  her  lot  with 
the  new  Confederacy?  Had  he  chosen  to  sell  his  soul  for 
power  and  place,  he  could  have  been  Commander-in-Chief  of 
the  United  States  army ;  that  army  with  which  he  had  been  as- 
sociated all  his  life,  that  army  to  whose  glory  he  had  contrib- 
uted so  much  by  his  valor  and  skill  in  the  Mexican  War.  Gen- 
eral Winfield  Scott,  his  old  commander,  implored  him  not  to 
resign,  and  the  temptation  for  him  must  have  been  tremendous. 


266  LEE  BIRTHDAY    ADDRESSES 

"My  husband,"  wrote  Mrs  Lee  to  a  friend,  "has  wept  tears  of 
blood  over  this  terrible  war:  but  he  must,  as  a  man  and  a  Vir- 
ginian, share  the  destiny  of  his  state,  which  has  solemnly  pro- 
nounced for  independence."  And  so,  with  deep  sorrow,  but 
with  firm  resolution,  he  sent  his  resignation  to  General  Scott 
and  added  the  memorable  words:  "Save  in  defense  of  my  na- 
tive state,  I  never  desire  again  to  draw  my  sword/' 

Was  this  man  a  "rebel?"  \\  as  this  man  a  traitor?"  Were 
the  men  who  followed  his  banner  rebels  and  traitors?  In  the 
historical  facts  which  I  have  laid  before  you  the  answer  to 
these  questions  may  be  found,  and  needs  no  further  statement 
from  me. 

But  before  closing  I  wish  to  quote  from  two  addresses  de- 
livered shortly  after  Lee's  death  by  two  of  his  most  distin- 
guished followers.  These  quotations  will  give  you  a  vivid  im- 
pression not  only  of  Lee's  courage  and  grandeur  in  battle,  but 
also  of  his  tenderness  and  his  nobility  of  soul.  I  first  invite 
your  attention  to  the  words  of  Colonel  Charles  Marshall,  Lee's 
Chief  of  Staff,  and — I  may  add — father  of  my  friend  and  col- 
league, Dr.  Ham-  Marshall,  of  the  University  Medical  Fac- 
ulty. 

"On  the  morning  of  May  3.  1863,  as  many  of  you  will  re- 
member, the  final  assault  was  made  upon  the  Federal  lines  at 
Chancellorsville.  General  Lee  accompanied  the  troops  in  per- 
son, and  as  they  emerged  from  the  fierce  combat  they  had 
waged  in  the  depths  of  that  tangled  wilderness,  driving  the  su- 
perior forces  of  the  enemy  before  them  across  the  open  ground, 
he  rode  into  their  midst.  The  scene  is  one  that  can  never  be 
effaced  from  the  minds  of  those  who  witnessed  it.  The  troops 
were  pressing  forward  with  all  the  ardor  and  enthusiasm  of 
combat.  The  white  smoke  of  musketry  fringed  the  front  of 
the  line  of  battle,  while  the  artillery  on  the  hills  in  the  rear  of 
the  infantry  shook  the  earth  with  its  thunder,  and  filled  the 
air  with  the  shrieks  of  the  shells  that  plunged  into  the  masses 
of  the  retreating  foe.  To  add  greater  horror  and  sublimity  to 
the  scene,  the  Chancellorsville  House  and  the  woods  sur- 
rounding it  were  wrapped  in  flames.  In  the  midst  of  the  aw- 
ful scene.  General  Lee  mounted  upon  that  horse  which  we  all 


I.KK    HJKTHJMV    ADDRESSES  267 

remember  so  well,  rode  to  the  front  of  his  advancing  battal- 
ions. His  presence  was  the  signal  for  one  of  those  uncon- 
trollable outbursts  of  enthusiasm  which  none  can  appreciate 
who  have  not  witnessed  them.  The  fierce  soldiers,  with  their 
faces  blackened  with  the  smoke  of  battle ;  the  wounded,  crawl- 
ing with  feeble  limbs  from  the  fury  of  the  devouring  flames, 
all  seemed  possessed  with  a  common  impulse.  One  long,  un- 
broken cheer,  in  which  the  feeble  cry  of  those  who  lay  helpless 
on  the  earth  blended  with  the  strong  voices  of  those  who  still 
fought,  rose  high  above  the  roar  of  battle  and  hailed  the  pres- 
ence of  the  victorious  chief.  He  sat  in  the  full  realization  of  all 
that  soldiers  dream  of  triumph ;  and,  as  I  looked  upon  him  in 
complete  fruition  of  the  success  which  his  genius,  courage  and 
confidence  in  his  army  had  won,  I  thought  it  must  have  been 
from  some  such  scene  that  men  in  ancient  days  ascended  to  the 
dignity  of  the  gods.  His  first  care  was  for  the  wounded  of  both 
armies,  and  he  was  among  the  foremost  at  the  burning  mansion 
where  some  of  them  lay.  But  at  that  moment,  when  the  trans- 
ports of  his  victorious  troops  were  drowning  the  roar  of  battle 
with  acclamations,  a  note  was  brought  to  him  from  General 
Jackson.  It  was  brought  to  General  Lee  as  he  sat  on  his  horse 
near  the  Chancellorsville  House,  and  unable  to  open  it  with  his 
gauntleted  hands,  he  passed  it  to  me  with  directions  to  read  it  to 
him.  The  note  made  no  mention  of  the  wound  that  General 
Jackson  had  received,  but  congratulated  General  Lee  upon  the 
great  victory.  I  shall  never  forget  the  look  of  pain  and  anguish 
that  passed  over  his  face  as  he  listened.  With  a  voice  broken 
with  emotion  he  bade  me  say  to  General  Jackson  that  the  vic- 
tory was  his,  and  that  the  congratulations  were  due  to  him.  I 
know  not  how  others  may  regard  this  incident,  but,  for  myself, 
as  I  gave  expression  to  the  thoughts  of  his  exalted  mind,  I  for- 
got the  genius  that  won  the  day  in  my  reverence  for  the  gen- 
erosity that  refused  its  glory. 

"There  is  one  other  incident  to  which  I  beg  permission  to  re- 
fer, that  I  may  perfect  the  picture.  On  the  3rd  day  of  July, 
1863,  the  last  assault  of  the  Confederate  troops  upon  the  heights 
of  Gettysburg  failed,  and  again  General  Lee  was  among  his 
baffled  and  shattered  battalions  as  they  sullenly  retired  from 


268  LEE   BIRTHDAY.  ADDRESSES 

their  brave  attempt.  The  history  of  that  battle  is  yet  to  be  writ- 
ten, and  the  responsibility  for  the  result  is  yet  to  be  fixed.  But 
there,  with  the  painful  consciousness  that  his  plan  had  been 
frustrated  by  others,  and  that  defeat  and  humiliation  had  over- 
taken his  army,  in  the  presence  of  his  troops,  he  openly  assumed 
the  entire  responsibility  of  the  campaign  and  of  the  last  battle. 
One  word  from  him  would  have  relieved  him  of  this  responsi- 
bility, but  that  word  he  refused  to  utter  until  it  could  be  spoken 
without  fear  of  doing  the  least  injustice. 

"Thus,  my  fellow-soldiers,  I  have  presented  to  you  our  great 
commander  in  the  supreme  moments  of  triumph  and  defeat.  I 
cannot  more  strongly  illustrate  his  character.  Has  it  been  sur- 
passed in  history?  Is  there  another  instance  of  such  self-ab- 
negation among  men?  The  man  rose  high  above  victory  in  one 
instance;  and,  harder  still,  the  man  rose  superior  to  disaster  in 
the  other." 

The  address  from  which  these  words  have  been  extracted 
was  delivered  at  Baltimore  on  October  15th,  1870,  three  days 
after  General  Lee's  death.  On  the  same  day,  at  Atlanta,  Gen- 
eral John  B.  Gordon  said,  among  other  things,  the  following,  in 
reference  to  the  closing  scene  at  Appomattox : 

"I  can  never  forget  the  deferential  homage  paid  this  great 
citizen  by  even  the  Federal  soldiers,  as  with  uncovered  heads 
they  contemplated  in  mute  admiration  this  now  captive  hero  as 
he  rode  through  their  ranks.  Impressed  forever,  daguerreo- 
typed  on  my  heart,  is  that  last  parting  scene  with  that  handful 
of-  heroes  still  crowding  around  him.  Few  indeed  were  the 
words  then  spoken,  but  the  quivering  lips  and  the  tearful  eye 
told  of  the  love  they  bore  him,  in  symphonies  more  eloquent  than 
any  language  can  describe.  Can  I  ever  forget?  Xo,  never  can 
I  forget  the  words  which  fell  from  his  lips  as  I  rode  beside  him 
amid  the  defeated,  dejected,  and  weeping  soldiers,  when,  turn- 
ing to  me,  he  said,  'I  could  wish  that  I  was  numbered  among 
the  fallen  in  the  last  battle.'  " 

And  now,  in  conclusion,  let  me  read  you  a  tragically  beautiful 
poem  by  the  English  poet  and  historian,  Percey  Greg,  a  man 
who  so  loved  and  admired  the  South  that  he  bitterly  censured 
his  own  country  for  failing  to  aid  the  Confederate  Cause.  This 
is  the  poem : 


LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES  269 

THE  9TH  OF  APRIL,  1865. 

It  is  a  nation's  death   cry;  yes,   the  agony  is  past, 
The   stoutest  race  that  ever  fought,  today  hath  fought  its  last; 
Aye!  start  and  shudder  well  thou  may'st;  veil  well  thy  weeping  eyes; 
England,  may  God  forgive  thy  part — man  cannot  but  despise. 

Aye,  shudder  at  that  cry  that  speaks  the  South's  supreme  despair — 
Thou  that  couldst  save  and  savedst  not — that  would,  yet  did  not  dare; 
Thou  that  hadst  might  to  aid  the  right  and  heart  to  brook  the  wrong; 
Weak  words  of  comfort  for  the  weak,  strong  hands  to  help  the  strong. 

That  land,  the  garden  of  thy  wealth,  one  haggard  waste  appears — 
The  ashes  of  her  sunny  homes  are  slaked  in  patriot  tears — 
Tears  for  the  slain  who  died  in  vain  for  freedom  on  the  field — 
Tears,  tears  of  bitter,  anguish  still  for  those  who  live  to  yield. 

The  cannon  of  his  country  pealed  Stuart's  funeral  knell; 
His  soldiers'   cheers   rang  in  his  ears  as  Stonewall  Jackson  fell; 
Onward   o'er   gallant   Ashby's   grave    swept   war's    successful    tide; 
And  Southern  hopes  were  living  yet  when  Polk  and  Morgan  died. 

But  he,  the  leader,  on  whose  words  those  captains  loved  to  wait, 
The  noblest,  bravest,  best  of  all,  hath  found  a  harder  fate; 
Unscathed  by  shot  and  steel  he  passed  o'er  many  a  desperate  field; 
Oh,  God !  that  he  hath  lived  so  long,  and  only  lived  to  yield ! 

Along  the   war-worn,   wasted   ranks  that   loved   him  to  the   last, 
With  saddened  face  and  weary  pace  the  vanquished  chieftain  passed; 
Their  own  hard  lot  the  men  forgot,  they  felt  what  his  must  be: 
What  thoughts  in  that  dark  hour  must  wring  the  heart  of  General  Lee. 

The  manly  cheek  with  tears  was  wet — the  stately  head  was  bowed, 
As  breaking  from  their  shatter'd  ranks,  around  his  steed  they  crowd; 
"I  did  my  best  for  you" — 'twas  all  those  trembling  lips  could  sav— 
Ah !  happy  those  whom  death  hath  spared  the  anguish  of  today. 

Weep  on  Virginia !    Weep  those  lives  given  to  thy  cause  in  vain — 
The  sons  who  live  to  wear  once  more  the  Union's  galling  chain — 
The  homes  whose  light  is  quenched  for  aye — the  graves  without  a  stone, 
The   folded  flag — the  broken  sword — the  hope  forever  flown. 

Yet  raise   thy  head,  fair  land,  thy  dead  died   bravely   for  the   right; 
The   folded   flag  is   stainless   still — the  broken   sword   is  bright; 
Xo  blot   is   on   thy  record   found — no   treason    soils   thy  fame; 
Weep  thou  thy  dead — with  covered  head  we  mourn  our  England's  shame. 


270  LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES 

POST-BELLUM  MEMORIES  AND  THE  BATTLE  FLAG 
OF  THE  CONFEDERACY. 

An  address  to  the  Veterans  on  General  Lee's  Birthday 
Jan.  ip,  1918. 

BY  PROFESSOR  THOMAS  FiTzHucn  OF  THE  UNIVERSITY  OF 

VIRGINIA. 

As  often  as  I  look  into  the  faces  of  our  dear  old  veterans  of 
the  Confederancy  and  recall  that  I  did  not  enjoy  the  privilege 
of  being  introduced  to  this  strange  old  world  until  October  of 
1862,  I  am  pointedly  reminded  that  all  my  memories  of  the 
great  event  in  which  they  bore  a  leading  part  only  begin  where 
their  experiences  ended. 

And  yet  we  of  the  generation  that  followed  your  heroic  day 
have  our  little  memories  too,  and  they  all  cluster  proudly  about 
the  things  through  which  you  lived  and  fought  and  suffered. 
The  earliest  recollection  of  my  childhood  was  of  an  oval  gold- 
rimmed  photograph  of  my  uncle,  my  mother's  youngest  brother, 
Major  Carter  Henry  Harrison,  of  the  Eleventh  Virginia  Regi- 
ment, who  fell  mortally  wounded  in  the  battle  at  Manassas  on 
the  18th  of  July,  1861,  and  died  on  the  following  morning  at 
the  age  of  thirty  years.  I  remember  that  throughout  my 
earliest  childhood  that  was  the  proudest  recollection  I  had,  and 
one  which  every  child  in  the  house  was  keen  to  tell  the  stranger 
and  visitor  about. 

I  shall  never  forget  one  day,  so  far  back  in  my  life  that  I 
can  no  longer  tell  when  it  was  or  how  old  I  was,  that  I  v/as 
walking  along  Main  Street  in  Fredericksburg,  led  by  the  hand 
by  my  father,  when  suddenly  he  stopped  still,  and  pointing 
quickly  to  a  noble,  martial  figure  in  grey  with  dark  slouch  lu.t 
just  turning  the  corner  ahead  of  us,  he  said:  "My  son,  yon- 
der goes  General  Lee."  That  was  the  first  and  the  last  time 
that  I  ever  saw  the  Great  Commander. 

I  remember  too  very  distinctly  the  Federal  garrison  that 
was  left  in  Fredericksburg  after  the  war,  and  I  have  the  im- 
pression, as  I  try  to  think  back  into  those  early  days,  that  they 
were  a  very  quiet,  unobtrusive  set  of  men,  who  acted  as 


LEE   BIRTHDAY    ADDRESSES  271 

though  they  had  received  orders  to  make  themselves  as.  little 
conspicuous  as  possible.  I  cannot  remember  ever  seeing  one 
of  them  in  uniform  beyond  the  immediate  precincts  of  the  bar- 
racks where  they  were  quartered  and  where  their  daily  drilling 
and  evolutions  were  performed. 

But  the  most  realistic  impressions  of  the  war  came  to  me 
when  my  father  carried  the  family  to  Chancellorsville  to 
spend  the  hot  summer  months  in  the  country.  Here  I  began 
to  get  into  the  very  thick  of  its  thrilling  memories.  I  learned 
to  know  the  very  place  in  the  woods  where  Stonewall  Jackson 
fell,  mortally  wounded  by  the  cross-fire  of  his  own  out-posts. 
In  one  of  my  relic-hunting  excursions  in  the  neighborhood  one 
day,  I  descried  at  the  root  of  a  tree  where  I  was  resting,  what 
appeared  to  be  the  weatherworn'  end  of  a  small  leather  strap 
sticking  suspiciously  out  of  the  ground.  It  pulled  loose  when 
I  caught  hold  of  it,  and  upon  digging  through  the  mold  I  un- 
earthed what  seemed  to  me  then  a  fabulous  treasure — a  crum- 
bling cartridge-box  with  a  considerable  number  of  minnie- 
balls  and  several  coins.  I  thought  myself  the  richest  kid  in 
the  wilderness  at  that  time.  I  guess  since  then  small  boys 
have  gotten  better  off.  I  know  that  at  that  time  we  were 
mighty  hard  up,  and  such  a  find  was  a  big  thing.  Our  two 
main  ways  of  earning  a  little  money  in  the  summer  time  were 
cutting  sumac  and  hunting  for  bullets,  fragments  of  shells, 
copper,  and  old  iron  in  the  rain-washed  gullies,  and  especi- 
ally in  the  cornfields  after  a  rain.  Many  a  pound  of  minnie- 
balls  did  I  send  or  carry  to  town  to  sell  to  Thomas  Knox  & 
Sons,  who  always  gave  us  the  best  market  price,  or  its  equiva- 
lent in  dried  prunes  and  cake  chocolate. 

I  remember  one  summer  as  we  returned  from  Chancellors- 
ville for  the  winter  sojourn  in  Fredericksburg,  I  saw  standing 
in  the  corner  of  my  father's  law-office  a  tree  trunk  some  eight 
or  ten  feet  high  and  as  large  around  as  a  man's  body,  which 
looked  as  if  it  had  been  shattered  from  top  to  bottom  by  some 
strange  inner  explosion.  It  had  come  from  Bloody  Angle,  at 
Spottsylvania  Court  House,  and  was  on  its  way  to  the  War 
Department  at  Washington.  It  was  said  to  have  been  literally 
cut  down  at  the  knee  by  the  blasting  fire  of  bullets  and  canister 


272  LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES 

there  where  it  stood  at  the  corner  of  the  woods.  It  was  torn 
into  thongs  and  shreds,  and  the  deeply  buried  and  smashed 
minnie-balls  had  burrowed  and  torn  every  square  inch  of  its 
length  and  circumference. 

On  the  battlefield  of  Fredericksburg  itself  we  never  suc- 
ceeded in  finding  much  lead  or  other  relics  of  the  strife — the 
ground  had  been  hunted  over  too  often  before  we  came  on  the 
scene.  But  we  found  a  world  of  interest  in  the  breastworks 
and  clear  topography  of  the  battlefield  with  its  sharp-cut  lines 
of  opposing  ridges  and  the  long  intervening  open  plain  be- 
tween. They  pointed  out  to  us  from  the  high  ground  a  gap  in 
the  railroad  where  a  whole  company  of  Federal  troops  huddled 
together  had  been  destroyed  by  a  well-directed  cannon-shot 
from  Marye's  Heights.  There  too  was  the  famous  cut  in  the 
county  road  opening  out  in  the  plain  below  Marye's  Heights, 
where  General  Cobb  and  his  Georgians  poured  murderous  fire 
into  the  flanks  of  successive  waves  of  Federal  infantry  as  they 
attempted  to  cross  the  field  between  Marye's  Heights  and  Fed- 
eral Hill  and  storm  General  Lee's  position.  The  tradition  is 
that  the  very  shell  that  killed  General  Cobb  was  fired  from 
Federal  Hill,  the  place  of  his  birth.-  One  summer  when  I  had 
returned  to  Fredericksburg  after  a  long  absence,  I  found  that 
the  exact  spot  where  General  Cobb  fell  mortally  wounded  had 
been  marked  by  a  great  granite  block  with  an  inscription  re- 
cording the  heroic  event.  The  only  minnie-ball  I  ever  succeeded 
in  finding  on  the  battlefield  of  Fredericksburg,  I  picked  up 
amid  a  host  of  pebbles  at  the  foot  of  the  low  stone  wall  that 
runs  along  the  base  of  Marye's  Heights,  and  only  a  few  yards 
from  the  Cobb  monument.  It  had  evidently  been  shot  from 
close  quarters,  and,  hot  from  the  muzzle,  the  leaden  apex  was 
flattened  into  the  rim  of  the  base. 

My  first  and  only  personal  contact  with  one  of  the  great 
leaders  of  the  war  was  at  the  Bingham  School  in  North  Car- 
olina, where  I  taught  for  Colonel  Robert  Bingham  during  the 
session  of  1881-2.  In  May  of  1882  our  barracks  were  de- 
stroyed by  fire,  and  General  Joseph  E.  Johnston,  who  was  then 
connected  with  some  fire  insurance  company  in  the  South,  came 
to  Mebaneville  to  investigate  the  fire  and  assess  losses  for  the 


LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES  273 

company.  Sitting  out  in  the  moonlight  one  night  in  May  of 
1882,  he  told  us  a  story  of  the  latter  months  of  the  war,  when 
his  men  were  hard  pressed  for  food,  clothing,  and  ammunition. 
It  was  a  cold  winter  morning  with  deep  snow  on  the  ground, 
and  he  had  gone  out  at  day-break  to  inspect  his  camp.  Every- 
thing was  wrapped  in  stillness  in  the  early  dawn  of  morning. 
The  smoldering  campfires  were  surrounded  by  prostrate  forms 
radiating  like  spokes  of  a  wheel  from  the  beds  of  coals  and 
ashes  in  the  center,  while  the  poorly  clad,  often  half  naked, 
feet  were  protruding  perilously  near  the  glowing  embers. 
After  riding  along  for  some  moments  without  observing  any 
signs  of  life,  he  came  to  the  outskirts  of  the  encampment  where 
some  sharpshooters  had  their  little  batch  of  tents.  Here  his 
attention  was  attracted  by  low  voices  in  earnest  conversation 
behind  one  of  the  tents,  and  riding  up  unobserved  he  stopped 
his  horse  within  hearing  distance.  A  tall,  raw-boned  sharp- 
shooter, while  busily  cleaning  his  rifle,  was  giving  some  good 
advice  to  a  young  recruit,  who  had  recently  come  in  from  the 
mountains  to  join  the  service,  and  was  himself  planning  to 
make  something  of  a  sharpshooter.  The  older  veteran  was 
telling  him  earnestly  but  cheerfully  of  the  desperate  plight  of 
the  army,  how  the  men  were  miserably  shod  and  even  ammu- 
nition was  low,  so  that  great  care  had  to  be  observed  and  no 
bullets  wasted  that  would  not  tell  in  the  very  best  way.  "For 
example,"  said  he,  "I  was  on  the  lookout  the  other  day,  when 
I  seen  a  nice-looking  Yank  sauntering  over  the  hill.  I  took  aim 
and  was  just  about  to  pull  the  trigger  when  I  said  to  myself, 
'his  boots  will  be  too  small  for  me,  I  better  wait  a  while.'  I 
had'n  more'n  said  it  to  myself,  when  here  comes  a  great  big 
fine-looking  fellow  'bout  my  size,  and  I  drew  a  bead  on  him, 
and  them's  the  boots!" 

I  learned  first  fully  to  realize  the  magnitude  of  Lee's  mili- 
tary genius  when  I  went  to  Europe  some  years  later  to  study, 
and  heard  from  German  military  men  of  their  transcendent  ad- 
miration for  him.  At  a  gathering  of  German  officers  I  was 
told  by  one  of  them  that  General  Lee's  campaigns  were  the 
text-book  of  their  War  Department,  and  that  every  German 
officer  in  their  military  school  was  required  to  make  a  careful 


274  LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES 

study  of  them.  He  said  that  the  most  wonderful  thing  about 
it  all  was,  not  merely  the  brilliant  victories  that  Lee  won  over 
incredibly  superior  numbers,  but  the  fact  that  for  four  years, 
while  often  standing  at  bay,  he  was  able  to  fight  off  over- 
whelming strength  backed  by  the  whole  power  of  the  national 
government. 

When  the  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy  invited  me  to  en- 
tertain our  Veterans  with  my  Post-Bellum  Memories,  they  re- 
quested that  I  should  also  rehearse  the  story  of  the  Battle- 
Flag  of  the  Confederacy.  This  I  can  best  do  in  the  words  of 
Carlton  McCarthy  in  his  Soldier  Life  in  the  Army  of  North- 
ern Virginia,  Richmond,  1884,  p.  219: 

"This  banner,  the  witness  and  inspiration  of  many  victories, 
which  was  proudly  borne  on  every  field  from  Manassas  to  Ap- 
pomattox,  was  conceived  on  the  field  of  battle,  lived  on  the 
field  of  battle,  and  on  the  last  fatal  day  ceased  to  have  place 
or  meaning  in  the  world.  But  the  men  who  followed  it,  and 
the  world  which  watched  its  proud  advance  or  defiant  stand, 
see  in  it  still  the  unstained  banner  of  a  brave  and  generous 
people,  whose  deeds  have  outlived  their  country,  and  whose 
final  defeat  but  added  lustre  to  their  grandest  victories. 

"It  was  not  the  flag  of  the  Confederacy,  but  simply  the  ban- 
ner, the  battle-flag,  of  the  Confederate  soldier.  As  such  it 
should  not  share  in  the  condemnation  which  our  cause  received, 
or  suffer  from  its  downfall.  The  whole  world  can  unite  in  a 
chorus  of  praise  to  the  gallantry  of  the  men  who  followed 
where  this  banner  led. 

"It  was  at  the  battle  of  Manassas,  about  four  o'clock  of  the 
afternoon  of  the  21st  of  July.  1861,  when  the  fate  of  the  Con- 
federacy seemed  trembling  in  the  balance,  that  General  Beau- 
regard,  looking  across  the  Warrenton  turnpike,  which  passed 
through  the  valley  between  the  position  of  the  Confederates 
and  the  elevations  beyond  occupied  by  the  Federal  line,  saw  a 
body  of  troops  moving  towards  his  left  and  the  Federal  right. 
He  was  greatly  concerned  to  know,  but  could  not  decide,  what 
troops  they  were,  whether  Federal  or  Confederate.  The  sim- 
ilarity-of  uniform  and  of  the  colors  carried  by  the  opposing 


LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES  275 

armies,  and  the  clouds  of  dust,  made  it  almost  impossible  to 
decide. 

"Shortly  before  this  time  General  Beauregard  had  received 
from  the  signal  officer,  Captain  Alexander,  a  dispatch,  saying 
that  from  the  signal  station  in  the  rear  he  had  sighted  the  col- 
ors of  this  column,  drooping  and  covered  with  the  dust  of 
journeying,  but  could  not  tell  whether  they  were  the  Stars  and 
Stripes  or  the  Stars  and  Bars.  He  thought,  however,  that  they 
were  probably  Patterson's  troops  arriving  on  the  field  and  re- 
enforcing  the  enemy. 

"General  Beauregard  was  momentarily  expecting  help  from 
the  right,  and  the  uncertainty  and  anxiety  of  this  hour 
amounted  to  anguish.  Still  the  column  pressed  on.  Calling  a 
staff  officer,  General  Beauregard  instructed  him  to  go  at  once 
to  General  Johnston,  at  the  Lewis  House,  and  say  that  the  en- 
emy were  receiving  heavy  reinforcements,  that -the  troops  on 
the  plateau  were  very  much  scattered,  and  that  he  would  be 
compelled  to  retire  to  the  Lewis  House,  and -there  re-form, 
hoping  that  the  troops  ordered  up  from  the  right  would  arrive 
in  time  to  enable  him  to  establish  and  hold  the  new  line. 

"Meanwhile  the  unknown  troops  were  pressing  on.  The  day 
was  sultry,  and  only  at  long  intervals  was  there  the  slightest 
breeze.  The  colors,  of  the  mysterious  column  hung  drooping 
on  the  staff.  General  Beauregard  tried  again  and  again  to  de- 
cide what  colors  they  carried.  He  used  his  glass  repeatedly, 
and  handing  it  to  others  begged  them  to  look,  hoping  that  their 
eyes  might  be  keener  than  his. 

"General  Beauregard  was  in  a  state  of  great  anxiety,  but 
finally  determined  to  hold  his  ground,  relying  on  the  promised 
help  from  the  right ;  knowing  that  if  it  arrived  in  time  victory 
might  be  secured,  but  feeling  also  that  if  the  mysterious  column 
should  be  Federal  troops  the  day  was  lost. 

"Suddenly  a  puff  of  wind  spread  the  colors  to  the  breeze. 
It  was  the  Confederate  flag — the  Stars  and  Bars!  It  was 
Early  with  the  Twenty-Fourth  Virginia,  the  Seventh  Louisiana, 
and  the  Thirteenth  Mississippi.  The  column  had  by  this  time 
reached  the  extreme  right  of  the  Federal  lines.  The  moment 
the  flag  was  recognized,  Beauregard  turned  to  his  staff,  right 


276  LEE  BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES 

and  left,  saying  'See  that!  The  day  is  ours!'  and  ordered  an 
immediate  advance.  In  the  meantime  Early's  brigade  de- 
ployed into  line  and  charged  the  enemy's  right ;  Elzey,  also, 
dashed  upon  the  field,  and  in  one  hour  not  an  enemy  was  to  be 
seen  south  of  Bull  Run. 

"While  on  this  field  and  suffering  this  terrible  anxiety,  Gen- 
eral Beauregard  determined  that  the  Confederate  soldier  must 
have  a  flag  so  distinct  from  that  of  the  enemy  that  no  doubt 
should  ever  again  endanger  his  cause  on  the  field  of  battle. 

"Soon  after  the  battle  he  entered  into  correspondence  with 
Colonel  William  Porcher  Miles,  who  had  served  on  his  staff 
during  the  day,  with  a  view  to  securing  his  aid  in  the  matter, 
and  proposing  a  blue  field,  red  bars  crossed,  and  gold  stars. 

"They  discussed  the  matter  at  length.  Colonel  Miles  thought 
it  was  contrary  to  the  law  of  heraldry  that  the  ground  should 
be  blue,  the  bars  red,  and  the  stars  gold.  He  proposed  that  the 
ground  should  be  red,  the  bars  blue,  and  the  stars  white.  Gen- 
eral Beauregard  approved  the  change,  and  discussed  the  mat- 
ter freely  with  General  Johnston.  Meanwhile  it  became  known 
that  designs  for  a  flag  were  under  discussion,  and  many  were 
sent  in.  One  came  from  Mississippi ;  one  from  J.  B.  Walton 
and  E.  C.  Hancock,  which  coincided  with  the  design  of  Colonel 
Miles.  The  matter  was  freely  discussed  at  headquarters,  till, 
finally,  when  he  arrived  at  Fairfax  Court  House,  General 
Beauregard  caused  his  draughtsman  (a  German)  to  make 
drawings  of  all  the  various  designs  which  had  been  submitted. 
With  these  designs  before  them  the  officers  at  headquarters 
agreed  on  the  famous  old  banner — the  red  field,  the  blue  cross, 
and  the  white  stars.  The  flag  was  then  submitted  to  the  War 
Department,  and  was  approved. 

"The  first  flags  sent  to  the  army  were  presented  to  the 
troops  by  General  Beauregard  in  person,  he  then  expressing 
the  hope  and  confidence  that  they  would  become  the  emblem 
of  honor  and  of  victory. 

"The  first  three  flags  received  were  made  from  ladies'  dresses 
by  the  Misses  Carey,  of  Baltimore  and  Alexandria,  at  their 
residences  and  the  residences  of  friends,  as  soon  as  they  could 
get  a  description  of  the  design  adopted.  One  of  the  Misses 


LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES  277 

Carey  sent  the  flag  she  made  to  General  Beauregard.  Her  sis- 
ter presented  hers  to  General  Van  Dorn,  who  was  then  at  Fair- 
fax Court  House.  Miss  Constance  Carey,  of  Alexandria,  sent 
hers  to  General  Joseph  E.  Johnston. 

"General  Beauregard  sent  the  flag  he  received  at  once  to 
New  Orleans  for  safe  keeping.  After  the  fall  of  New  Or- 
leans, Mrs.  Beauregard  sent  the  flag  by  a  Spanish  man-of-war, 
then  lying  in  the  river  opposite  New  Orleans,  to  Cuba,  where 
it  remained  till  the  close  of,  the  war,  when  it  was  returned  to 
General  Beauregard,  who  presented  it  for  safe  keeping  to  the 
Washington  Artillery,  of  New  Orleans. 

"This  much  about  the  battle-flag,  to  accomplish,  if  possible, 
two  things :  first,  to  preserve  the  little  history  connected  with 
the  origin  of  the  flag;  and,  second,  to  place  the  battle  flag  in 
a  place,  of  security,  as  it  were,  separated  from  all  the  political 
significance  which  attaches  to  the  Confederate  flag,  and  de- 
pending its  future  place  solely  upon  the  deeds  of  the  armies 
which  bore  it,  amid  hardships  untold,  to  many  victories." 

And  who  shall  tell  the  heroic  incidents  that  marked  the  his- 
tory of  the  four  years  of  that  battle-flag's  life !  Who  more 
beautifully  than  Mrs.  Margaret  J.  Preston  in  her  poem,  The 
Color  Bearer,  which  was  the  proudest  declamation  of  my  boy- 
hood days,  and  which  I  want  to  recite  to  you  in  concluding: 

The  shock  of  battle  swept  the  lines, 
And  wounded  men  and  slain 
Lay  thick  as  lie  in  summer  fields 
The  ridgy  swaths  of  grain. 

The  deadly  volleys  belched  their  fire, 
The  raking  cannon  pealed, 
The  lightning  flash  of  bayonets 
Went  glittering  around  the  field. 

On   rushed   the  gallant   "Twenty-Fourth" 
Against  the  bristling  guns, 
Whose  blaze  could  daunt  or  dazzle  them 
No  more  than  could  the  sun's. 


278  LEE   BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES 

It  mattered  not  though  heads  went  down, 
Though  stately  steps  were  stayed — 
Though  rifles  dropped  from  bleeding  hands, 
And  ghastly  gaps  were  made. 

"Close  up!"  was  still  the  stern  command. 
And  with  unwavering  tread 
They  held  right  on  though  well  they  knew 
They  tracked  their  way  with   dead. 

As  fast  they  pressed  with  laboring  breath, 
Clinched  teeth  and  knitted  frown, 
The  sharp  and  sudden  cry  rang  out : 
"The   Color-Bearer's   down!" 

Quick  to  the  front  sprang  eagerly 
The  youngest  of  the  band, 
And  caught  the  flag  still  tightly  held- 
Within  the  fallen  hand. 

With  cheer  he  reared  it  high  again, 
Yet  claimed  an  instant's  pause 
To  lift  the  dying  man  and  see 
Whose  pallid  face  it  was. 

"Forward!"  the  captain  shouted  loud, 
Still  "Forward!"  and  the  men 
Caught  madly  up  the  shrill  command. 
And  shrieked  it  out  again. 

But  moveless  stood  the  fair-faced  boy 
Without  a  foot's  advance, 
Until  the  Captain  shook  his  arm, 
And  roused  him  from  his  trance. 

His  home  had  flashed  upon  his  sight — 
That  blest  and  sunny   spot — 
He  did  not  hear  the  crashing  shells, 
Nor  heed  the  hissing  shot. 


LEE  BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES  279 

He  saw  his  mother  wring  her  hands, 
He  heard  his  sister's  cries; 
And  tears  were  on  his  girl-like  cheek, 
And  grief  was  in  his  eyes. 

The  touch  dissolved  the  spell — he  knew, 
He  felt  the  fearful  stir ; 
He  raised  his  head  and  softly  said: 
"He  was  my  brother,  Sir!" 

Then  grasping  firm  the  crimson  flag 
He  flung  it  free  and  high, 
While  patriot  passion  stanched  his  tears, 
And  drank  his  sorrow  dry. 

Between  his  close-set  teeth  he  spake, 
And  hard  he  drew  his  breath — 
"I'll  bear  this  flag  to  victory, 
Or  bear  it,  Sir,  to  death !" 

The  bellowing  batteries  thundered  on, 
The  sulphurous  smoke  rose  higher, 
And  from  the  columns  in  their  front 
Poured  forth  the  galling  fire. 

But  where  the  bullets  thickest  fell, 
Where  hottest  raged  the  fight, 
The  steady  colors  tossed  aloft 
Their  trail  of  crimson  light. 

Firm  and  indomitable  still 
The   "Twenty-Fourth"   moved  on — 
A  dauntless  remnant  only  left, 
The  brave  three-score  were  gone! 

And  now  once  more  the  cry  arose, 
Which  not  the  guns  could  drown — 
"Ho,  boys!  Up  with  the  flag  again! 
The  Color-Bearer's  down!" 


280  LEE  BIRTHDAY   ADDRESSES 

They  sought  to  loose  his  grasp,  but  fast 
He  clung  with  iron  will — 
"The  arm  that's  broken  is  my  left, 
So  I  can  hold  it  still." 

And    "Forward !    Forward !    Twenty-Fourth  !" 
Rang  out  above  the  roar, 
When  suddenly  the  guiding  flag 
Sank  and  was  seen  no  more. 

And  when  the  fiery  fight  was  done 
And  from  the  bloody  field 
The  battered  "Twenty-Fourth"  withdrew, 
Because  they  would  not  yield — 

They  found  a  boy  whose  face  still  wore 
A  look  resolved  and  grand — 
A  rent  and  riddled  flag  close  clutched 
/     Within  his  shattered  hand. 


Appendix 


ALBEMARLE  COUNTY   IN  THE  CIVIL  WAR 

(Taken  mainly  from  the  summary  of  R.  A.  Brock,  Secretary  of  the 
Virginia  Historical  Society,  in  the  Special  Virginia  Edition  of  Hard- 
esty's  Encyclopedia,  1884.) 

The  fortunes  of  war  left  the  muster  rolls  of  the  Confederate 
States  government  mainly  in  the  possession  of  the  enemy,  and  it 
is  believed  that  the  following  Roll  of  Honor  of  the  soldiers  who 
fought  for  the  Lost  Cause  from  Albemarle  is  as  complete  as  it  can 
be  made. 

Where  no  other  date  of  enlistment  is  given,  it  was  in  the  first 
year  of  the  war.  Where  no  other  date  is  given  of  death  or  dis- 
charge, the  service  was  till  the  close  of  the  war.  Where  no  rank 
is  given,  the  enlistment  was  as  private.  In  the  miscellany  are 
rosters  of  some  now  residents  in  this  county,  who  enlisted  and 
served  from  other  counties. 

NINTEENTH  VIRGINIA  INFANTRY,   HUNTON's  BRIGADE,  PICKETT's 
DIVISION,  LONGSTREET'S  CORPS. 

[Regimental  history  furnished  by  Adjutant  C.  C.  Wertenbaker.] 
The  19th  Regiment  of  Virginia  Infantry  was  composed  of  the 
following  companies:  Co.  A,  Monticello  Guard,  from  Charlottes- 
ville,  commanded  by  Capt.  W.  B.  Mallory  at  the  time  it  was  called 
into  service;  Co.  B,  Albemarle  'Rifles,  Capt.  R.  T.  W.  Duke  from 
Charlottesville;  Co.  C,  Scottsville  Guards,  Capt.  A.  W.  Gantt;  Co. 
D,  Howardsville  Guards,  Capt.  Josiah  Faulkner;  Co.  E,  Piedmont 
Guards,  Capt.  Charles  Peyton,  from  the  Stony  Point  neighborhood; 
Co.  F,  Capt.  Bennett  Taylor,  raised  in  different  parts  of  Albemarle 
county;  Co.  G,  Capt.  Thomas  Boyd,  from  Nelson  county,  in  the  Tye 
River  neighborhood;  Co.  H,  Capt.  Ellis,  from  Amherst  Courthouse, 
Virginia;  Co.  I,  Capt.  Taylor  Berry,  Amherst  county;  Co.  K,  Albe- 
marle County  men. 

The  first  colonel  of  the  regiment  was  Philip  St.  George  Cocke,  of 
Powhatan,  who,  up  to  the  time  the  Virginia  troops  were  turned 
over  to  the  Confederate  government  commanded  the  whole  of  the 
Virginia  forces  in  Northern  Virginia.  He  never  took  command  of 
the  regiment,  and  the  only  official  act  he  ^ver  performed  as  colonel 
of  the  Nineteenth  was  to  appoint  First  Lieutenant  C.  C.  Werten- 


282  APPENDIX 

baker,  of  Co.  A,  as  adjutant  of  the  regiment.  Gen.  Cocke  com- 
manded the  Third  Brigade  (in  which  the  Nineteenth  was)  and  after 
the  first  battle  of  Manassas  was  promoted  brigadier  general.  He 
committed  suicide  soon  after,  and- the  writer  has  no  doubt  that  his 
having  been  taken  from  the  supreme  command  of  the  Virginia 
army,  and  reduced  to  a  regimental  commander,  was  what  caused 
his  death. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  John  Bowie  Strange  was  the  actual  com- 
mander of  the  regiment,  and  to  him  was  due  the  drill  and  discipline 
of  the  command.  Major  Henry  Gantt,  of  Scottsville,  was  the  third 
field  officer. 

Companies  A  and  B  went  to  the  first  capture  of  Harper's  Ferry, 
but  were  ordered  back  by  Governor  Letcher,  and  after  a  few  days 
at  home  in  Charlottesville,  spent  in  equipping  themselves  for  the 
struggle  they  knew  was  coming,  they  were  ordered  to  Culpeper 
Courthouse.  There  the  other  seven  companies  joined  them,  and  the 
command  was  sent  to  the  front  at  Manassas.  They  were  not  fully 
engaged  at  first  Manassas,  as  they  were  holding  Lewis  Ford  in  the 
early  part  of  July  21,  but  got  into  the  battle  just  before  its  close. 
They  lost  one  man  killed  and  several  wounded.  The  Nineteenth 
from  this  time  forward  was  a  part  of  Longstreet's  command,  and 
was  hotly  engaged  in  nearly  all  of  the  battles  in  Virginia — Wil- 
liamsburg,  Seven  Pines,  Seven  Days  Fight  Around  Richmond,  the 
battles  in  Maryland,  Fredericksburg,  Gettysburg,  Cold  Harbor,  Five 
Forks,  Sailors  Creek,  etc.  They  saw  service  in  North  Carolina,  etc., 
indeed,  were  in  nearly  all  the  battles.  Col.  Strange  was  killed  at 
Boonsboro,  on  South  Mountain,  Col.  Ellis  at  Gettysburg.  Col. 
Henry  Gantt  was  badly  wounded  at  Gettysburg.  Major  Woodson 
was  killed  whilst  commanding  the  regiment  at  second  Cold  Harbor. 
Col.  Charles  Peyton  lost  an  arm  in  Maryland,  and  many  men  were 
killed  in  battle  and  many  died  from  wounds  and  exposure.  The 
regiment  numbered  about  800  men  when  first  formed.  Its  conduct 
was  always  excellent  in  the  field,  and  its  "esprit  dc  corps"  was  ex- 
cellent to  the  last.  It,  together  with  the  remnant  of  Pickett's  Di- 
vision, was  captured  at  Sailors  Creek  just  before  the  surrender. 
The  battle  flag  of  this  regiment,  now  in  possession  of  Sergeant 
James  Perley,  of  Charlottesville,  was  the  one  used  by  the  Nine- 
teenth for  a  portion  of  the  time  it  was  in  service.  When  it  became 
too  much  shot  to  pieces  to  hold  together,  a  new  flag  was  substi- 
tuted. The  regiment  had  several  whilst  in  service.  The  men  who 
served  in  this  regiment  have,  since  the  war,  been  quiet  and  hard- 
working citizens,  and,  with  few  exceptions,  are  respected  and  law- 
abiding  men.  The  roster  of  many  of  this  regiment  from  Albemarle 
county  will  be  found  in  the  miscellaneous  service. 


APPENDIX 


283 


COMPANY    A,    NINTEENTH    VIRGINIA    INFANTRY. 
(Monticello  Guard) 

Captain,  William   B.   Mallory,  discharged  April  16,  1862. 

First  lieutenant,   C.  C.  Wertenbaker.     Second  lieutenant,  John  W.  C. 

Stockton. 
Third   lieutenant,   John   C.    Culin,   promoted   captain;    wounded   seven 

times. 

First  sergeant,  H.  F.  Dade. 

Second  sergeant,   R.  W.   Bailey,  promoted  second  lieutenant. 
Third     sergeant,    W.    B.     Littelier,    captured     at    Yorktown,    June    4, 

1862;  held  at  Point  Lookout. 
Fourth  sergeant.  S.  F.  Wingfield. 
First  corporal,  C.  H.  Wingfield. 
Third   corporal,   G.   A.   Galley. 
Allen,  John  A. 
Bacon,  W.  O. 


Brown,  W.  H. 
Browman,  J.  H. 
Buck,  James  R., 
Lookout. 


captured  June  3, 


Fifth  sergeant,  A.  H.  Huffman. 

Second  corporal,  James  Seeley. 

Fourth  corporal,  C.  Lightbicker. 

Bailey,  G.  M. 

Bacon,  D.  M. 

Brown,  J.  J. 

Barkland,  J.  F. 

1862,   at   Yorktown;   held  at   Point 


Batcheller,  John.  Collier.  H.  H. 

Culin,  William.  Culin,  George  W. 

Cloa,  John  W.  Cloa.  W.  J. 

Cloa,  J.  L.  Clark,  W.  D. 

Christian,   Samuel  J.,  wounded  June  29,   1863,  at   Westminster. 

Degan,  Henry.  Doud,  John  W.,  Jr. 

Dobbins,  R.  L.  Foster,  W.  K. 

Dewitt,  John  D.,  wounded  July  3,   1863,  at  Gettysburg. 

Franks,  William  M.  Frease,  H.  P. 

Goolsbey,  J.  M.  Goodwin,  G.  T. 

Gibson,  James.  Houchins,  Thomas  M. 

Houchins,  J.  W.,  captured  July  3,  1863,  at   Gettysburg;  held  at  Fort 

Delaware. 
Hill,    John    W.,    promoted    third    lieutenant;    captured    July    3,    '63,    at 


Gettysburg. 
Johnson,  G.  T. 
Johnson,  W.  A. 
Jones,  J.  R. 
Kidd,  W.  P. 
Kiley,  S.  H. 


Jones,  S.  S. 

killed  August  30,  1862,  at  Manassas. 
Jones,  William  T. 
Kinnie,  C. 
Lady,  A.  G. 

Lorsh,  Henry,  wounded  July  3,  1863,  at  Gettysburg. 
Mallory,    James     E.,    promoted    first    lieutenant;    wounded    June    3, 

1864,  at  Cold  Harbor. 

Mallory.  George  J.  McMullen,  R.  L. 

Moran,  G.  N.  McKinnie,  John. 

Manns,  W.  W.  Manley,  T.  J. 

Mooney,   Joseph,    enlisted    September,    1862;    wounded   and    captured 

at   Hatchers  Run,  March  31,  1865;  held  at  Fortress  Monroe. 
O'Toole.  P  Perley,  W.  E. 

Pierce,  W.  X.  Pierce,  M.  L. 

Paine.  W.  M.  Pourts,  T.  S.  L. 

Quache,  J.  M.  Randolph,  T.  J.  X. 

Rainbough,  J.  E.  Slayton,  J.  W. 


284  APPENDIX 

Sargent,  N.  R.  Shannon,  R. 

Snead,  Gideon.  Twitie,  S.  C. 

Vaughn,  W.  H.  Vandegrift,  S.  C. 

Vandegrift,   R.   C.  Wortenbaker,  T.  G. 
Wingfield,  R.  F.,  killed  July  30,  1862,  near  Richmond. 

Wingfield,  M.  W.,  wounded  September  2,  1862,  at  Seven  Pines. 

Wingfield,  A.  C.  Wingfield,  R.  S. 

Wingfield,  T.  H.  Wingfield,  George  W. 

COMPANY    E,    NINTEENTH    VIRGINIA    INFANTRY. 

Barksdale,  Frank,  captured  at  Yorkstown,  1862;  held  at  Fort  Dela- 
ware. 

Bragg,  J.  Y.,  sergeant;  promoted  lieutenant  and  captain;  captured 
at  Gettysburg,  1863;  held  at  Johnsons  Island. 

Byers,  D.  H.,  wounded  at  Seven  Pines,  1862. 

Gilliam,  James  S.,  discharged  1861.     Goss,  John  W.,  discharged  1862. 

Goss,  W.  W.,  lieutenant;  promoted  captain;  killed  at  Gettysburg, 
July  3,  '63. 

Johnson,  William  W.,  wounded  and  captured  at  Yorktown,  April, 
1862;  held  at  Fort  Delaware. 

McCallister,  W.  T.,   discharged  1862. 

Minor,   Peter,  killed  at  Gettysburg,  1863. 

Mooney,  Madison,  accidentally  shot  near  Richmond;  died  August 
1,  1864. 

Sandridge,  J.  J,  color  bearer;  wounded  June  27,  1862,  at  Seven 
Pines;  killed  at  Gettysburg,  July  3,  1863. 

Salmon,  Thomas  B.,  promoted  corporal;  wounded  1862"  at  Williams- 
burg,  and  1864  at  Selma,  Alabama;  captured  1865  at  High 
Bridge;  paroled. 

Thurman,    B.  W.,   lieutenant;    discharged    1862. 

Vaughan,  C.  G. 

Vaughan,  W.  J.,   detailed   to   quartermaster's  department. 

Wood,  Alfred  T. 

Wood,    Robert,   wounded  at    Seven    Pines,   1862;    discharged   1862. 

COMPANY    K,    NINETEENTH    VIRGINIA    INFANTRY. 

Babert,  T.  F.,  wounded  at  second  Manassas,  August  9,  1862;  dis- 
charged November  20,  1862. 

Bailes,  John  T.,  wounded  at  Fairfax  C.  H.,  1861;  captured  at 
Boonesboro  1862;  paroled. 

Bailes,   M.   G.,   enlisted   1862;   captured  at    Boonesboro   1862;   paroled. 

Barksdale,  James    I.  Barksdale,   William    I. 

Black,  Nicholas  J.,  first  sergeant;  wounded  and  captured  at  Gettys- 
burg, July  3,  18631;  held  at  Baltimore. 

Black,  N.  M.,  third  sergeant. 

Black,  Robert,  wounded  1865  at  Hewlett  House;  died  June  12,   18*67. 

Black,  William,  promoted  color  bearer;  wounded  at  Gettysburg, 
July  3,  1863. 

Burton,  B.  L.,  enlisted  March  3,  1862;  promoted  corporal;  wounded 
September  5,  1862,  at  Coffins  Farm;  July  3,  1863,  at  Gettys- 
burg; March  27,  1865,  at  Hewlett  House;  captured  April  6, 
1865,  at  Sailors  Creek;  held  at  Newport  News;  discharged  June 
15,  1865. 

Dollins,  Alexander  M.,  died  August  25,   1861. 


APPENDIX  285 

Dollins,  John  A.;  died  February,  1862. 

Dollins,  S.  M.  C. 

Dollins,  William   R.,  died  October  7,   1861. 

Grimstead,   James    H.,    first   lieutenant;   wounded  at   Gettysburg,   July 

3,  1863;  died  July  7,  1863. 
Grimstead,     Richard    J.,    promoted     second    lieutenant;    wounded     at 

Five  Forks,   March  27,  1865. 
Hawkins,  Samuel  A.,  enlisted   May  10,  1862;   color  bearer;  wounded 

and  captured   at   Gettysburg,  July  3,   1863;   held  at   Point  Look- 
out. 

Humphries,  William,  died  August  1,  1861. 
Jeffries,  J.  T.  Lane,  Xehemiah. 

Leathers,   James   A.,   wounded  at   Gettysburg,  July  3,   1863;   captured 

at  Roanoke,   February,   1862;   paroled. 
Leathers,  W.  H.,  corporal. 

Martin,  Henry,  wounded  at  Gettysburg,  July  3,  1863. 
Martin,  James  D.,   enlisted  1862;  wounded  at  Sharpsburg,   1862;   cap- 
tured at   Frederick  City,   1862. 
Martin,   J.   J.,   wounded   and   captured   at    Sharpsburg,    September   17, 

1862;   held  at   Frederick  City;   discharged  January   9,   1863. 
Martin,  Joseph  X.,  died  March  4,  1863. 

Martin,  J.  W.  Martin,  Joel  X.,  enlisted  1862;   dead. 

Martin,   S.    G.,   lieutenant;   promoted   captain;   wounded   and   captured 

at   Gettysburg,  July  3,   1863;   held  at  Johnsons   Island. 
Martin,    Sylvester,    promoted   third   lieutenant   and    captain;    wounded 

at   Gainesboro,   1863;   wounded   and   captured   at   Gettysburg,   July 

3,  1863;  held  at  Johnsons  Island;  discharged  February  10,  1864. 
Martin,  William  T. 

Powell,  James  A.,  promoted  first  sergeant. 

Powell,  Thomas  A.  Rea,  John  A.,   captain. 

Rea,  J.  H.,  wounded  at  Gaines  Mills,  July  7,  1862. 
Robertson,  A.  J.,  second  lieutenant;  wounded  at  Cold  Harbor;  killed 

at  Gaines  Mills. 
Roles,    Charles    E.,    third   lieutenant.  Troter,    Lewis,   killed   at 

Boonesboro,  '62. 
Woods,  John  J.,  wounded  and  captured  at  Gettysburg,  July  3,   1863; 

held  in  hospital;   died  July  20,   1863. 
Woods,  John  J.,  corporal;   wounded  at  Gettysburg,  July  3,  '63;  died 

July  16,  '63. 
Woods,     Robert    H.,    captured    at     South    Mountain,    September     15, 

1862;   paroled,    four   months   afterwards    exchanged. 
Wood,  William   H.,  wounded  June  3,  1862,  at  Seven   Pines. 
Woodson,  D.  P.,  wounded  Xovember  30,   1865,   Hatchers   Run. 
Woodson,  James,  killed  at  Boonesboro,  1862. 
Woodson,     James    Garland,    first     lieutenant;    promoted    captain     and 

major;   wounded  at    Sharpsburg  and   Gettysburg;   killed   at   Cold 

Harbor,  June  3,  '64. 

Wolf,  George,  killed  at  Boonesboro,  1862. 
Wolf,  William,  killed  at  Boonesboro,  1862. 
Yancey,  John  F.,  sergeant. 

COMPANY    E,    FORTY-SIXTH    VIRGINIA    INFANTRY,    WISE'S    BRIGADE. 
Enlisted   May  9,   1861. 

Captain   J.    C.    Hill,    promoted   major;    wounded   at    Petersburg,  June 

1864. 
First    lieutenant,   J.    M.    Page,   promoted   adjutant;    discharged    1863. 


286  APPKNWX 

Second  lieutenant,  J.  C.  Chercans,  promoted  captain. 

First  sergeant,   D.   N.   Patterson,   promoted   3d   lieutenant;   killed   at 

Petersburg. 
Second  sergeant,  J.  J.   Noel,  promoted   third   lieutenant;   discharged 


Third  sergeant,  John  S.  Watts. 

McAllister,    W.   T.,  enlisted   1862.  Mallory,   W.    I  . 

Moon,  Scarlar,  killed  June  15,  1804,  at  Petersburg. 
Tapscote,  James  N.,  enlisted  March  1,  1862. 

COMPANY    I,    FORTY-SIMM     VIKC.INIA     JNI'ANTKY,     WISF/S    HKKJADI. 

Harris,  James  O.,  died  May,  1872. 

Jones,    B.   P.,   corporal;   captured    December,   1861,  at   Roanokc    Is- 

land; paroled. 
Jones,   Jefferson   L.,   captured   December,    1861,   at   Roanokc    Island; 

paroled. 
Jones,  N.  W. 
Jtmes,    Robert  M.,   enlisted  June   1,    1863;  wounded  at    Petersburg, 

February  5,  1865;  died  March   i,   isn.v 
Jones,  W.  H.,  wounded  at  Petersburg,  November  <">,    IH62;  died  No- 

vember 6,  '67. 

Keller,  Jacob  F.,  enlisted  August  12,  1862. 
Kidd,   George    M.,    enlisted    April.   1862;   promoted    second    sergeant; 

wounded  August  3,  1864,  at  Petersburg. 
Kritxer,  J.  I.,  promoted  corporal;  wounded  and  captured  at    Hatch- 

ers Run,  March  31,  1865;  held  at   Fortress   Monroe;   discharged 

July   1,  1865. 
Moon,  Jacob,  captured   April    I,   1865,  at   Five   Forks;   held   at    I'oint 

Lookout;  discharged  June  25,  1865. 
Moon,  James  P.,  enlisted  July  20,  1862. 
Reeves,  Tucker,  wounded  June  17,  1864,  at  Petersburg;  killc-d  April 

I,  1S65,  at  Five  Forks. 

Shackleford,  William,  killed  June  17,   1864,  ai 
Wash,  C.  C.,  captured  at  Roanoke  Island,  December,   1861;  paroled. 

'I  III.    IIFIV  HXTH    AND   FIPTY-SKVKNTII    INFANTRY 

Received  each  a  company  of  men  from  Albemarlc  county.  The 
former  was  assigned  to  Hunton's,  the  latter  to  Armstead's  Brigade, 
and  both  brigades  were  a  part  of  Pickett's  Division,  Longstreet's 
Corps,  Army  of  Northern  Virginia.  The  two  companies  from  M 
bemarle  that  went  out  with  these  regiments  have  the  glorious  rec- 
ord that  has  rendered  that  division  the  admiration  of  the  world  to- 
day, and  will  forever  perpetuate  its  deeds  among  the  most  heroic 
of  military  annals,  and  the  following  rosters  will  show  the  costly 
price  that  was  cheerfully  paid  by  Albemarlc  comity  nn-n  toward 
that  end. 

COMPANY    II,    I'JI-'TY-SIXTII    VIRGINIA  INFANTRY. 

Captain,  J.  A.  Michie. 

First  lieutenant,  T.  G.  Michie,  discharged  April  20,  1862. 

Second  lieutenant,  G.  W.  Early. 


APPENDIX 

Third  lieutenant.   E.  O.  Michie,  discharged  1862, 

First   sergeant.   J.   T.    Durrette.   promoted   hospital   steward   and   act- 
ing assistant  surgeon. 

Second  sergeant.   H.  C.   Michie.  promoted  captain. 

.•ant.  James    R.    Maupin.    wounded  and  captured  at   Gettysburg, 
Fuly    3.   1863;   held  at   Davis     Island;   discharged   XovembV 

Third  sergeant.   John    R.    Maupin.  promoted  second   lieutenant. 

.tnt,    William    R.    Wood,   promoted   orderly   sergeant:    wounded 

and  captured  at    Farmville.    April  6.    IS65;   held  at   Point   Look- 
out. 

Corporal.  William  Ballard.  killed.      Corporal.  Orion  Michie.  killed. 
Corporal     David    G.    Maupin,    wounded   at     Gaines    Mills;   killed    at 

Gettysburg,  July  3,  1863. 
Rallard.  Joseph  M..  died  February.  186*. 
Ballard.  J.   T..  captured  at   Fair  Oaks.  June  30,   186$;  held  at   Fort 

Delaware. 

Hallard.  William  G..  killed  at  Gettysburg.  July  3,  1863. 
Bcddo\\s.  Xash,  deserted  and  shot. 

Bellew.  John  R..  died  March.  1S64.     Brown.  Richard,  corporal. 
Brown,  Thomas,  killed. 
Bowen.   L.    M.,  enlisted   1863;  captured  July  3.   1S63.  at   Gettysburg; 

held  at  Point  Lookout;  discharged  July  4,   1862. 

Bowen,  f  oseph  A.,  enlisted  1863.        Bailey. 

Blackwe'll.    R.   B..  enlisted     March.    1S62;    captured  July  3,    1863.  at 

Gettysburg;     held    at    Baltimore:     wounded    at    Howlett     House, 

June  17.  1S64.  in  Chesterfield  county.  Virginia. 

Blackwell.    James,   promoted   orderly    sergeant:    wounded   and    cap- 
tured at    Gettysburg.  July   3.    1863;    held   at    Baltimore;   released 

after  three  months:  wounded  at  Gaines  Mills. 
Coleman.  William  G.,  enlisted   March  20.   l>*2;  wounded  June.   1863, 

at  Gaines  Mills. 
Dunn.    Elijah  J..  enlisted   Augx>         -         wounded  July  3,    1863.  at 

Gettysburg;  captured  April  2.  isrt.%.  at   Hatchers  Run;  held  three 

months  at  Petersburg. 
Dunn,   Thomas   \V..   enlisted    March    17.    1862;   killed  at    Gettysburg, 

July  3.   1863. 
Dunn,   George    M..   enlisted    March    IT.    1$&J;   died    September.    1S64. 

from  injuries  received  in  the  service. 
Davis,  M.  P.,  enlisted  18«.  Dudley.  P. 

Robert,  killed  1S63,  at  Gettysburg. 
Garrison.  White.  Harlow,  Samuel. 

Gibson.     Merriman.   enlisting   March     is.    1S62;   captured    March    29, 

1864.  at   Hatchers  Run:  held  at   Point  Lookout;  discharged  July 

20, 
Gibson.    Peter,   enlisted    March    IS.    1862;   discharged   on   account   of 

over  age. 
Gibson.     Henry   T..  enlisted    March     17.    1862:  killed  at    Gettysburg. 

July  3.  1863. 

Herring.  Frank.  Herring.  George,  died. 

Jones.  John  A.,  sergeant;  captured  at  Gettysburg,  July  3,  1863;  held 

at   Point  Lookout.  Jordan.  . 

Kirby,  James.  Kirby,  . 

McCauley.  .  Murry.  . 

Murry.    Tames,   died    1861.  Morris,  Eli. 

Moms,  .  Miller,  . 

McAllister.  ,  killed  1863,  at  Gettysburg. 


288  APPENDIX 

Maupin,  Clifton  P.,  enlisted  August,  1864. 

Maupin,  Burnett   C.,  killed  at  Gettysburg,  July  3,   1863. 

Maupin,  Carson  B.,  killed  at  Gettysburg,  1863. 

Norris,  James  H.,  enlisted  March  17,  1862;  captured  July  3,  1863,  at 
Gettysburg;  held  at  Point  Lookout  and  Fort  Delaware;  dis- 
charged June  15,  '65. 

Rhodes,  H.,  wounded  1862,  at  Gaines  Mills;  1863,  twice  near  Rich- 
mond; 1864,  at  Cold  Harbor. 

Rhodes,    Hezekiah.  Rice,  

Rhodes,   Franklin,  killed   1862,   at   Malvern   Hill. 

Richards,  Dr.  John  S.,  enlisted  1862;  lieutenant;  promoted  assistant 
surgeon  7th  North  Carolina  Infantry;  discharged,  1863. 

Shiflett,   Smith.  Shiflett,   Durrett. 

Shiflett,  Marshall,  shot  by  mistake  as  deserter. 

Sandridge,   George  W.,  killed  July  3>,  1863,  at  Gettysburg. 

Sandridge,  Wm.,  died  1863.  Tappee,  Charles.  ' 

Via,  W.  H.,  enlisted  June,  1862. 

Wood,  C.  C.,  enlisted  April  25,  1862;  wounded  at  Cold  Harbor;  cap- 
tured at  Gettysburg,  July  3,  1863;  held  at  Fort  Delaware. 

COMPANY    H,    FIFTY-SEIVENTH    VIRGINIA   INFANTRY. 

Captain,  John   B.  Magruder,  pjomoted  major,   lieutenant   colonel  and 

colonel;  killed  at  Gettysburg,  1863. 

First  lieutenant,  William   W.   Minor,  Jr.,   discharged   May,   1862. 
Second  lieutenant,   William   L.   Randolph,   discharged   May,   1862. 
Third   lieutenant,    R.   Lewis    Rogers,    promoted   captain;    killed    1864. 
Orderly  sergeant,  J.  B.  Ward,   died  February,  1862. 
First  sergeant,  William   Thompson,   promoted   second   lieutenant  and 

captain. 
Second   sergeant,    C.    N.    Rogers,    discharged    1862,    on    account   of   ill 

health. 
Third    sergeant,    George    A.    Wood,    promoted    hospital    steward    and 

acting  assistant  surgeon. 

Fourth   sergeant,    Thomas   W.   Thompson,   promoted   first   lieutenant. 
First  corporal,  James  A.   Biggins,  killed  1862,  at  Malvern   Hill. 
Second  corporal,  A.  H.  Saunders. 

Third   corporal,   C.   C.  Wood,  promoted  first  sergeant. 
Fourth  corporal,  J.  B.  Ward,  died  1862. 
Allen,  Edgar.  Bragg,  R.  F. 

Bragg,  Coleman.  Bragg,  H.  L. 

Bragg,  H.  R.,  died  1863.  Bragg,  James  T. 

Bacon,  W.  D.  Belleney,  B.  F. 

Bellamy,  George  W.  Black,  J.  T.,  died  1862. 

Bowran,  Jacob  R.  Bowran,  William  J. 

Bybee,  John  A.  Cox,  William. 

Catterton,  A.  M.,  enlisted  May,  1862;  wounded  at  Malvern  Hill,  and 

Gettysburg  July  3,   1863. 

Carr,  John  O.,  promoted  captain   of  Co.   T,   26th   Virginia   Infantry. 
Carver,  W.  D.  Crenshaw,  J.  G.  B. 

Coleman, .  Duff,  S.  B. 

Dunn,    Leroy    E.,    killed    at    Malvern    Hill,    1862. 

Elliott,  P.  H.  Eads,  James,  died  1864. 

Eastham,   Edward,   discharged   1862. 

Eddins,    Theodore    T.,    enlisted    1862;    third    sergeant;    wounded    July 

3,   1863,  at  Gettysburg;   died   December   15,   1867. 


APPENDIX  289 

Eddins,  Charles  C.,  enlisted  '63;  wounded  at  Halls  Shop,  '64;  died 
March  20,  '69. 

Fitch,  R.  H.  Ford,  James  A. 

Gillespie,  J.  W.  Giannini,  Horace  M. 

Gibson,  R.  O.  Harlowe,  James,  N. 

Harlowe,  Joseph.  Hawley,  W.  R. 

Hawley,  Schuyler.  Jones,  Schuyler  H. 

Lupton,  J.  C.,  enlisted  1862;  wounded  and  captured  at  Williams- 
port,  July,  1863;  held  at  Harrisburg. 

Lilley,  Willis.  Maupin,  Gabriel  N. 

Maupin,  Gabriel  O.  Morris,  James  B.,  died  1863. 

Morris,  John  W.,  died  1863.  Morris,  James  R. 

Morris,  John  R.  Morris,  R.  J. 

Morris,  Wm.  N.  Morris,  Wm. 

Morris,  A.  J.,  killed  1862,  at  Malvern  Hill. 

Morris,  John.  Morris,  Davis. 

Morris,  Alexander.  Mayo,  John  W. 

Mayo,  W.  B.,  killed  1862,  at  Malvern  Hill. 

McCauley,  Miles.  Mooney,  John  T. 

Mponey,  George  W.  Marshall,  Wesley  B.,  died  1863. 

Minor,  R.  T.,  transferred  to  Co.  K,  2d  Virginia  Cavalry. 

Naylpr,  John  T.  Pace,  Benjamin  H. 

Norris,  John  W.,  died  in  Richmond,   March,  18631. 

Powell,  Edward,  captured  at  Gettysburg,  July  3,  1863;  held  at  Point 
Lookout;  died  1865. 

Reinhart,  W.  W.  Seamand,  John  G. 

Seamand,  H.  J.  Snow,  P.  P. 

Sprouse,  John,  discharged  1862.  Sprouse,  Gideon,  discharged  1862. 

Shifiett,  O.   M.,  promoted  color-bearer;   died   1863. 

Shiflett,  F.  Shiflett,  Isaac. 

Tyler,  Joseph  W.  Tyler,  T.  R. 

Via,  Thompson  S.  Via,  John  W. 

Via,  William  F.  Wood,  H.  L. 

Wood,  J.  B. 

THE  SECOND  VIRGINIA  CAVALRY 

Was  among  the  first  Virginia  troops  to  respond  to  her  call  to  arms, 
entering  the  field  in  May,  1861,  and  assigned  to  Fitz  Lee's  Brigade, 
Stuart's  Division.  It  took  gallant  part  in  the  first  Manassas  bat- 
tle, and  through  the  remainder  of  1861  was  in  all  the  skirmishing 
and  fighting  under  the  brilliant  cavalry  leader,  "Jeb"  Stuart;  went 
into  winter  quarters  five  miles  west  of  Manassas  Junction,  until 
after  Christmas,  then  broke  camp  and  moved  to  Leesburg,  in  Lou- 
doun  county,  remaining  there  until  the  spring  of  1862.  Took  active 
part  in  Jackson's  summer  campaign,  chasing  Banks  across  the  Po- 
tomac, fighting  Fremont  at  Cross  Keys,  and  driving  Shields  down 
Page  valley;  then  crossing  the  Blue  Ridge  the  regiment  took  cars 
for  Richmond,  arriving  there  in  season  to  participate  in  the  "Seven 
Days  Battles."  Went  under  Jackson  to  Gordonsville,  and  at  Man- 
aponax  Church,  en  route  for  Fredericksburg,  in  August,  1862,  at- 
tacked two  brigades  of  Federal  Cavalry,  and  routed  them.  Took 
part  in  the  battles  of  Cedar  Run,  pursued  Pope  across  the  Rappa- 


290  APPENDIX 

hannock,  righting  at  Kellys  Ford;  engaged  at  Catlctts  Station,  cap- 
turing Pope's  private  baggage,  horses,  wagons,  and  a  number  of 
prisoners.  Engaged  with  heavy  loss  at  second  Manassas,  then  in 
the  Maryland  Campaign,  sharing  in  the  capture  of  Harpers  Ferry, 
then  hurrying  back  to  participate  in  the  Sharpsburg  battle.  Re- 
turning to  the  valley,  skirmished  there  until  winter  headquarters 
were  made  at  Berryville.  Shared  in  the  movement  of  Lee's  army 
in  1863,  until  after  the  Pennsylvania  invasion,  including  Gettysburg, 
cutting  the  telegraph  lines  at  Chambersburg,  raiding  Emmettsburg 
and  Hopestown;  then  returning  to  the  Potomac,  via  Frederick  City, 
Maryland,  fighting  Pleasanton's  cavalry  on  the  way.  Spent  the  fall 
and  winter  of  1863  in  the  Virginia  valley,  with  winter  headquarters 
at  Culpeper  C.  H.,  and  from  that  time  until  the  close  of  the  war 
was  joined  in  fortune  with  the  Army  of  Northern  .Virginia.  Com- 
pany K  of  this  regiment  was  mainly  Albemarle  county  volunteers. 

COMPANY    K,    SECOND  VIRGINIA    CAVALRY. 

Anderson,  M.  L.,  enlisted  July,  1862;  killed  October  8,  1864,  near 
Woodstock. 

Baxter,  Thornton;   killed   1864,   near   Trevilian   Depot. 

Bragg,  V-  T.  Carr,  James,  killed  '64,  at  Fort  Kernan. 

Cosby,  Thomas  M.,  wounded  in  the  Virginia  valley,  October  9, 
1864. 

Garth,  J.  D.,  enlisted  1862;  captured  1864,  at  Spotsylvania  C.  H.; 
held  at  Fort  Delaware. 

Garth.  S.  D.,  enlisted  March,  1862;  captured  May  8,  1864,  at  Spot- 
sylvania C.  H.;  held  at  Fort  Delaware. 

Garth,  W.  A.,  wounded  and  captured  at  Spotsylvania  C.  H.,  1864; 
recaptured;  discharged  1864. 

Goss,  John  W.,  enlisted  1862;   captured  near  Charlottesville;  paroled. 

Good,  Albert  H.,  second  lieutenant;  captured  and  wounded  at  Get- 
tysburg, July  3,  1863;  held  at  Davis  Island;  died  August  3,  1863. 

Goodwin,  F.  C.,  killed  at  Appomattox   C.   H.,   1865. 

Goodwin,  William  W.,  wounded  June  3,  1864,  at  Cold  Harbor;  died 
next  day. 

Grayson,  Joseph  H.,  enlisted  July  13,  1863;  wounded-  at  Charles 
City  C.  H.,  May  23,  1864;  discharged  June  14,  1864. 

Harris,   Robert   X.,   wounded  at   Hellars   Ford  and   Stevensburg. 

Leslie,  J.  O.,  promoted  captain;  wounded  1862  in  the  valley  of  Vir- 
ginia; killed  1864  at  Front  Royal. 

Lobban,  W.  F.,  captured  February  18,  1864;  held  at  Fort  Delaware 
thirteen  months,  at  Washington  four  months. 

Lowis,   James    T.,   sergeant;   promoted    adjutant-sergeant. 

Magruder,  James,  sergeant;  promoted  first  lieutenant;  killed  1864  at 
at  Meadow  Bridge. 

Marshall,  George  B.,  wounded  near  Surrey,  September,  1864;  dis- 
charged September,  1864. 

Marshall,  William,  enlisted  1862;  killed  1862  in  the  valley  of  Vir- 
ginia. 

McGhee,  Frank,  wounded  September  2,  1862,  at  Leesburg;  June  24, 
1864,  at  Shop. 

McGhee,  N.  C.,  sergeant.  Maupin,  J.  L.  P. 


APPENDIX  291 

Michie,    E.    O.,     enlisted    1862;    wounded    September,     1863,   at   Jacks' 

Shop. 

Minor,   George  R.  Minor,  William  B.;  died   1863. 

Mundy,  E.  C.,  enlisted  1862. 
Nelson,   Frank,  killed   1864,   at   Fort   Kernan. 
Newman,  Thomas,  killed  1863  in  Loudon  county. 
Railey,  James  P.,  Corporal. 
Rothwell,  J.  W.,  enlisted  1862;  died  1862. 
Shackelford,     Dr.    W.    C.,    promoted    assistant    surgeon,    2d    Virginia 

Cavalry. 

Sneed,  Charles.  Sneed,   Edward. 

Sneed,   Horace  A.,  died  April   12,   1864.         Sneed,  John   A. 
Tebbs,   W.   B.;  promoted   captain;   killed   1862  near  Richmond. 
Thurman,  B.  W.,  enlisted  1862. 
Thurman,    T.    L.,   promoted   corporal;    wounded    in    Fauquier   county, 

1862. 

Trevilyan,   H.   N.,   enlisted  1863.      White,   B.  T.,  died  1861. 
White,  William  A.,   enlisted   October,   1864. 
Williams,  Q.  L.,  promoted  lieutenant. 

Wood,  Joseph  T.,  enlisted  1862.       Woods,  J.   Mann,  enlisted  1862. 
Woods,   John   J.,   adjutant-sergeant;   wounded  at  Jacks   Shops. 
Woods,    W.    P.,    enlisted    April   9,     1863;   wounded   at    Long    Bridge, 

April  6,   1865;   captured  at  Burksville  next  day;  held  at  Lincoln 

Hospital,  Washington. 

COMPANY    I,    FIFTH    VIRGINIA    CAVALRY,    LOMAX's    BRIGADE,    W.    H. 

LEE'S  DIVISION. 

Craddock,    A.   J.,   enlisted   February    1,   1862;   wounded    October     12, 

1864,  at  Petersburg. 
Craddock,  Thomas  J.,   enlisted  February  1,  1862;  wounded   February 

20,  1863,  at  Hamilton's  Crossing. 
Craddock,  William   R.,   enlisted   February  1,   1862. 
Hoard,     George    M.,    enlisted    January    3,     1862;    second     lieutenant; 

wounded    June   17,   1863,   at  Aldie;    captured   same   day  at    Field 

Hospital;   exchanged. 
Gilliam,  James  L.,  enlisted  1864. 
McGhee,  John    W.,  enlisted   in    spring  of  1862;   promoted    sergeant; 

captured  at  Point   Lookout  1864;  held  seven  months. 
Staehlin,  W.    R.,   first  lieutenant:  captured  April  4,    1864,   at   Yellow 

Tavern,  held  at  Fort  Delaware;   discharged  July  6,  1865. 

COMPANY   F,   TENTH   VA.    CAVALRY. 

This  company  was  organized  in  April,  1861,  and  joined  the  Wise 
Legion.  It  was  sent  to  West  Virginia  and  sworn  into  the  service 
at  Goulay  Bridge  in  June,  1861,  for  a  term  of  twelve  months.  At  the 
end  of  twelve  months  the  command  was  reorganized  and  new  offi- 
cers elected.  The  Wise  Legion  now  became  the  10th  Regiment. 
Later  it  became  a  part  of  Lomax's  Brigade,  W.  H.  F.  Lee's  Divi- 
sion. Tn  the  list  given  below,  the  letter  "R"  occurring  after  a  name, 
indicates  that  the  soldier  was  a  recruit,  and  not  one  of  those  en- 
listing at  the  time  of  the  first  organization  of  the  troop. 


292  APPENDIX 

FIRST  OFFICERS. 

Captain,  James  Timberlake.  Third  Sgt.,  James  Durrett. 

First  Lt.,  Dr.  Goodman.  Fourth  Sgt.,  William  H.  Kable. 

Second  Lt.,  Richard  Shepard.  First  Corp.,  A.  M.  Goodloe. 

Third  Lt.,  John  Grayson.  Second  Corp.,  Oscar  Head. 

First  Sgt.,  Mark  Durrett.  Third  Corp.,  Andrew  Sutherland. 

Second  Sgt.,  Jerry  White.  Fourth  Corp.,  Auburn  Mann. 

SECOND   OFFICERS. 

Captain,  Henry  Delton.  Second  Lt.,  Wash.  Martin. 

First  Lt.,  Wm.  H.  Kable.  Third  Lt.,  Walker  Martin. 

First   Sgt.,    Andrew   Sutherland    (afterwards   Captain). 

PRIVATES. 

Aplin,  Ned.  Arstop,  Jack  (R). 

Baber,  James  R.  (R);  enlisted  Oct.  1,  1863;  captured  at  Five   Forks, 

April   3,    1865;   held   at   Point    Lookout;   discharged,   July   3,    1865. 
Bates,  Robt.  H.   (R);  enlisted  May  20,  1864. 
Boyd,  A.  P.  Collins,  Wash  (R). 

Burton,  John.  Dettor,  Ad  (R). 

Burton,  Cliff.  Dettor,  John. 

Carr,  John.  Dettor,  Robert  (R). 

Carr,  Tom.  Dettor,  William. 

Collins,  George    (R).  Dillard,  Jesse. 

Collins,  Jeff  (R).  Dillard,  Joe. 

Collins,  John.  Dollins,  John. 

Collins^  Press.  Dring,  Tom. 

Durrett,   Frank  (R);  enlisted   Tune  1,   1863;  wounded  at  Brandy  Sta- 
tion, June  9,  1863. 
Durrett,  Henry. 
Durrett,     James,    promoted     2d    Lieut.;     wounded    June    9,     1863,    at 

Brandy  Station. 

Durrett,  Mark,  second  sergeant. 
Durrett,    William,     wounded    in    November,     1861,    at     Chapmanville; 

July   3,   1863,   at   Gettysburg;    struck   by   balls   seven    times,    three 

of  which  he  still  carries. 
Edge,   Benjamin,  died  November  25,   1862. 
Edge,  John   E.,  enlisted  May  20,   1862;  wounded  at  Brandy  Station, 

July  12,  1863;  killed  at  Reams   Station,   August  24,   1864. 
Edge,  Philip  (R). 

Elson,   John   (R);   killed  August  24,   1864,   at   Reams   Station. 
Fears,  George  (R).  Fretwell,  Bright  (R). 

Ferguson,  Frank  (R).  Fretwell,  Tom  (R). 

Fox,  Jobe. 

Garland,   Peter  W.    (R);  enlisted   March,   1864. 
Giles,  Joseph  H.,  killed  September,  1864,  at  Stony  Creek. 
Goodloe,  Ad.  Hall,  Henry. 

Goodloe,  Benton  (R).  Hall,  John. 

Goodman,  Harris.  Hall,  Lucian. 

Goodwin,  John.  Hall,  Richard  (R). 

Goodwin,  Lewis  (R).  Hamner,  Nick. 

Goodwin,  Warwick.  Harden,  Henry. 

Grayson,  John.  Harmon,  William  (R). 

Harris,  W.  C.  (R);  enlisted  January  1,  1865;  captured  at  Five  Forks; 

held  at  Point  Lookout. 


APPENDIX 


293 


Head,  Oscar.  Hicks,  William. 

Herndon,  James. 

Hopkins,  John   (R);  enlisted  April  3,  1862;  killed  at  Reams   Station, 

August  24,  1864. 

Hopkins,  William  (R).  Humphrey,  John  (R). 

Hudson,  Charles. 

Johnson,  Lewis  B.   (R);  enlisted  October  3,  1864. 
Johnson,  William  A. 
Kable,  William. 
Kennedy,  Harden. 


Lewis,  John  O. 
Lipscomb,  Campbell. 
Lobbin,  William  (R). 


Kennan,  John. 

Kincaid,  Clark. 

Lane,  William. 
Kennan,  Charles  (R). 
Lewis,  John  M.   (R);  enlisted  October  28,  1864. 

McCue,  James  (R). 

McCue,  William  (R). 

McGee,  Junius  (R). 
Mann,  Auburn,  promoted  sergeant. 
Mann,   John,    wounded   June    28,    1864,    at    Spottsylvania    C.    H.;  "dis- 
charged July  25,  1864. 

Mann,   J.   Legrand    (R);   enlisted   May   12,    1862;   promoted   sergeant. 
Mann,  Richard  C.   (R);  enlisted  May  20,  1863. 
Martin,  Samuel  W.,  discharged  August  15,  1861. 
Martin,  T.  R.  Maupin,  Charles  (R). 

Martin,  Walker.  Milton,  Robert  (R). 

Martin,  Wash. 

Moon,  J.   Summerneld   (R);  enlisted  September  10,  1863. 
Morris,  John  (R).  Xorris,  Walter  (R). 

Nash,  John  (R).  O'Brien,  John. 

Oliver,  John  H.,  promoted  second  sergeant. 
Omohundro,  Cal  (R).  Scott,  Jack  (R). 

Page,  Robert.  Scott,  James  (R). 

Powell,  Leonard  (R).  Shelton,  Cliff  (R). 

Rogers,  James.  Shepard,  Albert. 

Shepard,  Richard. 

Smith,  Edward. 

Smith,  John. 

Smith,  J.   Massie,  wounded  at  Yorktown,   1862;   Five  Forks,   1865. 
Smith,  Makry  (R).  Smith,  Willis  (R). 

Stagall,  Henry. 


Rogers,  V.  F. 
Rudisil,  John  (R) 
Scott,  Alfred  (R). 


Smith,  Roads  (R). 
Smith,  Tom. 
Stagall,    Richard    (R);   enlisted   October 
1865,  at  Five  Forks. 


20,   1862;   wounded   April    3, 


Strange,  James  (R). 


Strouse.D.  B.  (R). 


Sutherland,   Andrew,    corporal,    sergeant   and   captain. 


Southard.  William. 
Taylor,  Charles  (R). 
Tate,  William. 
Timber-lake,  Clark. 


Timberlake,  James. 
Toole,  John. 
Towers,  James  (R). 
Via,  Frank. 
Wallace,  Charles  I.,  fourth  sergeant. 

Wallace,  George  P.  (R);  enlisted  January  1,  1862;  wounded  and 
captured  at  Brandy  Station,  July  23,  1863i;  held  at  Point  Look- 
out; died  June  4,  1864. 

Wallace,  Hardy.  Walters,  James. 

Walcott,    Gideon    (R);   enlisted  April   3,    1862;   killed  June  9,   1863,   at 

Brandy  Station. 

White,  Garrett.  White,  James. 

White,  Jerry  M.,  second  sergeant. 
White,  John  S.,  promoted  corporal. 


294  APPENDIX 

White,  Milton.  Wingfield,  Willoughby  (R). 

White,  William  J.  Witt,  Asa  (R). 

Wingfield,  Fuller.  Wood,  William  L. 

Wingfield,  Walker.  Yates,  S.  B. 

THE   SEVENTH   VIRGINIA   INFANTRY 

Was  brigaded  successively  under  Generals  Early,  Longstreet. 
Ewell,  A.  P.  Hill,  Kemper  and  W.  R.  Turey.  Company  I  was  en- 
listed in  Albemarle  county  and  entered  the  field  in  June,  1861.  As- 
signed to  Pickett's  Division,  the  regiment  was  actively  engaged  in 
the  brilliant  series  of  movements  of  the  army  of  Northern  Vir- 
ginia, and  its  battles  included  Bull  Run,  first  Manassas,  Williams- 
burg,  Seven  Pines,  Fraziers  Farm,  second  Manassas,  South  Moun- 
tain, Sharpsburg,  Gettysburg,  Bermuda  Hundreds,  the  seven  days 
fighting  around  Richmond,  the  battles  around  Petersburg,  and  the 
fighting  on  the  retreat  to  Appomattox,  where  it  was  surrendered. 
At  Gettysburg  only  three  members  of  I  Company  in  the  action 
fell  back  unwounded  from  the  charge  of  Pickett's  Division  on  the 
Heights,  while  many  of  its  members  gave  their  lives  in  that  heroic 
endeavor  to  turn  the  tide  of  battle.  The  Company  was  from  time 
to  time  recruited,  mainly  from  Albemarle  county.  We  are  indebted 
to  Sergeant  W.  N.  Parrot  for  the  following  roster: 

COMPANY   I,    SEVENTH   VIRGINIA   INFANTRY. 

Captain,  J.  J.  Winn,  discharged  May  1,  1862. 

First  lieutenant,  J.  W.  Rodes. 

Second  lieutenant,  Basil  G.  Brown,  wounded  and  captured  at 
Gettysburg,  July  3,  1863,  held  at  Forts  Pulaski  and  Delaware; 
died  July,  1865,  at  home. 

Third  lieutenant,  W.   B.   Maupin. 

First  sergeant,  T.  J.  Golden,  wounded  at  second  Manassas;  dis- 
charged August,  '62. 

Second  sergeant,  J.  E.  Wyant,  promoted  first  lieutenant;  wounded 
at  Williamsburg,  May  5,  1862;  captured  at  Five  Forks,  April  1, 
1865;  held  at  Johnsons  Island;  discharged  June  22,  1865. 

Third  sergeant,  D.  O.  Etherton,  wounded  at  Manassas  July,  1861; 
discharged  '61. 

Fourth  sergeant,  William  A.  Brown,  promoted  second  lieutenant: 
wounded  at  Williamsburg,  May  5,  1862;  died  May  8,  1862,  at 
Mrs.  Honsford's. 

Fifth  sergeant,  Chas.  B.  Brown,  promoted  third  lieutenant;  captured 
at  Five  Forks,  April  1,  1865;  held  at  Johnsons  Island;  dis- 
charged June  20,  1865. 

First  corporal,  W.  P.  Walters,  promoted  third  lieutenant;  killed  at 
Williamsburg,  May  5,  1862. 

Second  corporal,  B.  Fretwell,  died  at  Centreville,  Virginia,  1861,  of 
measles. 

Third  corporal,  J.  P.  Jones,  wounded  July  21,  1861,  at  Manassas; 
discharged  '61. 

Fourth     corporal,     W.      N.     Parrott,     promoted     second      sergeant: 


APPENDIX  295 

wounded   July   3,     1863',    at   Gettysburg,   and    March    31,    1865,   at 
Dinwiddie  C.  H. 

Ambroselli,  John   B.,  killed  July  3,   1863,  at  Gettysburg. 

Ballard,  C.,  enlisted  1864,  killed   March  31,  1865,  at  Dinwiddie  C.   H. 

Ballard,  Marion,  enlisted  1862;  killed  June  30,  1862,  at  Fraziers 
Farm. 

Bowen,  F.  A.,  killed  May  5,  1862,  at  Williamsburg. 

Blackwell,  Henry  Clay,  captured  at  Five  Forks,  April  1,  1865;  held 
at  Point  Lookout. 

Blackwell,  Henry  C.,  wounded  at  Seven  Pines. 

Blackwell,  H.  C.,  discharged  1862. 

Bailey,  J.  T.,  promoted  sergeant;  captured  July  3,  1863,  at  Gettys- 
burg; held  at  Fort  Delaware. 

Bellew,  J.  T.,  captured  April  1,  1865,  at  Five  Forks;  held  at  Fort 
Delaware. 

Bellew,  William  T.,  captured. at  Appomattox  C.  H.,  April  6,  1865; 
held  at  Point  Lookout;  died  December,  1876. 

Brown,  W.  H.  H.,  wounded  July  3,  1863,  at  Gettysburg;  May  16, 
1864,  at  Drury's  Bluff;  captured  near  Richmond. 

Brown,  B.  G.  Brown,  W.  G.,  died  1862. 

Brown,  R.  C.,  captured  at  Five  Forks,  April  1,  1865;  held  at  Point 
Lookout. 

Clark,  I.  L.,  captured  at  Five  Forks,  April  1,  1865;  held  at  Point 
Lookout;  died  there,  1865. 

Clark,  G.  P.,  promoted  sergeant;  captured  July  3,  1863,  at  Gettys- 
burg; held  at  Fort  Delaware. 

Clark,  Tobias,  captured  at  Five  Forks,  April  1,  1865;  held  at  Point 
Lookout;  died  there,  1865. 

Clark,  William  N.,  captured  April  1,  1865,  at  Five  Forks;  held  at 
Point  Lookout;  wounded  at  Seven  Pines;  captured  at  Drakes 
Island;  held  at  Point  Lookout. 

Clark,  T.  C.,  enlisted  1862;  captured  April  1,  1865,  at  Five  Forks; 
held  at  Point  Lookout.  Clement,  Joe. 

Clements,   M.  J.,   wounded  July  3,   1863,   at   Gettysburg. 

Clements,  M.  E.,  wounded  May  31,  1862,  at  Seven  Pines;  captured 
April  1,  1865,  at  Five  Forks;  held  at  Point  Lookout. 

demon,  J.  L.,  wounded  at  Strawberry  Plains,  1864;  captured  twice 
near  High  Bridge;  held  at  Fort  Delaware  and  Point  Lookout. 

Chapman,  W.  S.,  enlisted  1864;  captured  April  1,  1865,  at  Five  Forks: 
held  at  Point  Lookout. 

Coleman.  J.  L.,  wounded  at  Strasburg,  1864;  captured  in  Prince  Ed- 
ward county,  held  at  Point  Lookout;  captured  near  High 
Bridge,  held  at  Fort  Delaware. 

Cox,  N.,  captured  at  Five  Forks,  April  1,  1865;  held  at  Point  Look- 
out; died  there,  1865.  Dore,  David,  died  1862. 

Davis,  P.  L.,  captured  April  1,  1865,  at  Five  Forks;  held  at  Point 
Lookout. 

Davis,  H.  T.,  wounded  and  captured  July  3,  1863,  at  Gettysburg; 
held  at  Fort  Delaware:  captured  April  1,  1865,  at  Five  Forks; 
held  at  Point  Lookout. 

Fulcher,  T.  J.,  promoted  corporal;  wounded  and  captured  July  3, 
1863,  at  Gettysburg;  held  at  Fort  Delaware. 

Fisher,  G.  R. 

Fielding,  Junius,  captured  at  Five  Forks,  April  1,  1865;  held  at 
Point  Lookout. 

Fielding,  Eppa,  promoted  corporal;  captured  April  1,  '65;  held  at 
Point  Lookout. 


296  APPENDIX 

Fielding,  W.  B.,  wounded  and  captured  at  Gettysburg,  July  3, 
1863;  held  at  Fort  Delaware;  exchanged  and  three  times  cap- 
tured. 

Fielding,  B.  F.,  killed  July  18,  1861,  at  Bull  Run. 

Fielding,  J.  E.,  enlisted  February,  1862;  wounded,  1864,  at  Cold 
Harbor. 

Gardner,  Elzie,  died  1861,  of  measles.         Garrison,  J.  T. 

Good,  A.  H.,  promoted  lieutenant;  wounded  July  3,  1863,  at  Gettys- 
burg; died  July,  1863. 

Harris,  James,  enlisted  1865;  captured  at  Five  Forks,  April  1,  1865; 
held  at  Point  Lookout. 

Herring,  W.   H.,  enlisted  1863;   killed  July  3,   1863,  at   Gettysburg. 

Herndon,  W.  G.,  enlisted  1863;  captured  at  Five  Forks,  April  1, 
1865;  held  at  Point  Lookout,  and  died  there,  1865. 

Hustin,  E.  D. 

Iseman,  J.  P.,  discharged   October,   186-1. 

Jarman,  W.  D.,  promoted  corporal;  wounded  September  14,  1862, 
at  Boonesboro,  Maryland. 

Jones,  John  P.,  wounded  at  first  Manassas,  July  18,  1861;  died 
February,  1884. 

Kidd,  I.  L.,  wounded  May  31,  1862. 

Keyton,  W.  L.,  promoted  sergeant;  wounded  at  Gettysburg,  July 
3,  1863;  captured  April  1,  1865,  at  Five  Forks;  held  at  Point 
Lookout;  died  of  diphtheria,  October,  1866.  Lane,  J.  M., 

died  1862. 

Lowery,  George  died  of  measles,  1862.  Maupin,  J.  T.,  died  of 

measles,  1861. 

Maupin,  C.   B.,  killed  July  3,   1863,  at   Gettysburg. 

McQuary,  W.  H.  Marshall,  T.  A.,  died  1872. 

Powell,  L.  W.,  wounded  July  21,  1862,  at  Manassas. 

Racer,  Charles,  enlisted  1863;  wounded  at  Gettysburg,  July  3,  1863; 
captured  at  Five  Forks,  April  1,  1865;  held  at  Point  Lookout. 

Rea,  R.,  enlisted  June  3,  1862. 

Ryan,  J.  W.,  wounded  September  14,  1862,  at  Boonesboro,  Mary- 
land. 

Slater,  J.  R.,  captured  at  Five  Forks,  April  1,  1865;  held  at  Point 
Lookout. 

Sneed,  John,  wounded  July  21,  1861,  at  Manassas;  April  3,  1865,  at 
Five  Forks. 

Sneed,  R.  Sandridge,   Richard  W. 

Sandridge,  Zach.,  wounded  June,   1863,   at   Gaines   Mills. 

Sandridge,  W.  O. 

Sandridge,  R.,  captured  at  Five  Forks,  April  1,  1865;  held  at  Point 
Lookout,  and  died  there,  1865. 

Toombs,  William  L.,  killed  July   11,   1861,   at   Bull   Run. 

Toombs,   R.  A.,   enlisted  April,   1862. 

Taylor,  J.  W.,  died  1862  of  heart  disease. 

Thurston,  J.  N.,  wounded  and  captured  July  3,  1863',  at  Gettysburg; 
held  at  Point  Lookout. 

Thurston,  Andrew  J.,  wounded  at  second  Manassas,  August  27,  1862; 
captured  at  Hatchers  Run;  died  April,  1881. 

Thurston,  R.  J.,  enlisted  April,  3862;  wounded  at  second  Manassas, 
August  27,  1862;  captured  near  Petersburg,  April  5,  1865;  held 
at  Point  Lookout. 

Thurston,   George,   fell   from   team  and   killed,    1863. 

Thurston,  R.,  wounded  May  31,  1862.,  at  Seven  Pines. 

Thurston,  John. 


APPENDIX  297 

Thurston,  J.  T.,  wounded  July  3,  1863,  at  Gettysburg;  captured 
April  1,  1865,  at  Five  Forks;  held  at  Point  Lookout. 

Via,   R.  C.,  wounded  at  Manassas,  July  2,  1861. 

Via,  Tom. 

Ward,  E.  H.,  promoted  corporal;  wounded  July  1,  1862,  at  Fraziers 
Farm;  at  Gettysburg,  July  3,  1863.  Ward,  John. 

Ward,  Samuel.  Walton,  J.  W.,  died  in  hospital,  1862. 

Wheeler,  R.  F.,  wounded  at  Manassas,  July  21,  1861;  discharged 
1861. 

Wood,  A.  F.,  captured  June  30,  1862,  at  Fraziers  Farm;  held  at 
Governors  Island,  New  York;  Five  Forks,  April  1,  1865;  held 
at  Point  Lookout. 

Woods,  W.  P.,  promoted  corporal;  discharged  April  9,  1863;  re-en- 
listed same  day.  Woods,  Jos.  H.,  enlisted  May  1,  1864. 

Wood,  W.  T.,  killed  July  3,  1863-,  at  Gettysburg. 

Woods,  W.  W.,  wounded  August  27,  1862,  at  second  Manassas;  died 
September,  1862,  in  Albemarle  County. 

Wood,  William,  wounded  at  second  Manassas;  killed  at  Gettys- 
burg, July  3,  '63. 

Wolfe,  E.  M.,  wounded  June  30,  1862,  at  Fraziers   Farm. 

Wolfe,  Thomas  B. 

Wyant,  J.  A.,  kijled  at  Dinwiddie  C.  H.,  March  31,  1865. 

Wiseman,  J.  F. /promoted  sergeant. 

THE  BORDER  GUARD. 

FIRST  IN  THE;  FIRST  REGIMENT  OF  WISE  LEGION  AND  AFTERWARDS 
CO.  D,  FORTY-SIXTH  VIRGINIA  REGIMENT. 

Following  is  the  company  roll  of  the  "Border  Guard,"  organized 
at  Charlottesville,  Va.,  in  June,  1861,  and  mustered  into  the  First 
Regiment  of  the  Wise  Legion,  at  Lewisburg,  West  Virginia,  on  the 
23rd  of  June,  1861;  later,  company  D,  46th  Virginia  Regiment, 
Wise's  Brigade,  Bushrod  Johnson's  Division,  C.  S.  A. 

OFFICERS. 

Captain,  R.  G.  Crank,  died  since  the  war. 

First  lieutenant,  Wm.   H.   Crank,  resigned  1861. 

Second   lieutenant,   George   Norris,   died  since   the  war. 

Third   lieutenant,   Wm.   Henning  Wood,   died  since   the  war. 

First  sergeant,  E.  M.  Cox,  transferred  to  Co.  I,  46th  Va.;  died  since 

the  war. 

Second  sergeant,  James  Braton.  died  since  the  war. 
Third  sergeant,  James  A.  Harris. 

Fourth  sergeant,  John  S.  Horton,  died  since  the  war. 
First  corporal,  A.  D.  Cox.  later  lieutenant  in   Co.  I,  46th  Va.   (Capt. 

Tucker  Rives  Company). 
Second  corporal,  J.  W.  Scribner. 
Third  corporal,  John  J.  Wood. 
Fourth  corporal,  George  E.  W.  Brown,  died  since  the  war. 

LATER. 

Captain,   George   Norris,   died  since  the  war. 
First  lieutenant,  W.  E.  Norris. 


298  APPENDIX 

First     lieutenant,     John     D.    Watson,     served     about     three     months; 

transferred     and    made    adjutant     57th    Va.    Regiment,     Pickett's 

Division. 

Second   lieutenant,    Frank   S.    Durrette,    died   1898. 
Third  lieutenant,   James  A.   Harris. 
Lieutenant,  John   S.   Horton,   died  since  the  war. 
Lieutenant,  William  H.  Harris. 
First  sergeant,  John  F.  Brown. 

PRIVATES. 

Acree,  Smith.  Agney,  William. 

Bailey,  John  H.,  died  since  the  war. 

Birkhead,   Richard,   died   since   the  war. 

Bruce,  George  W.,  killed  at   Petersburg. 

Bruce,  Wallis,  wounded  at  Petersburg,   1»64. 

Brown,  John  F. 

Burrus,   Robert   D.,   wounded   at   Sailor's   Creek,    1865,    died   since   the 

war. 

Ballard,  • . 

Clauss,  H.  L. 

Catterton,  William,  died  since  the  war. 

Cooney,   Patrick,  died  since  the  war.  % 

Cox,  L.  W.,  after  capture  of  Roanoke  Island  came  home  and  joined 

Carrington's   Battery,   served  2  years,   transferred   to   Co.   D,   46th 

Va.,   while  in   trenches  at  Petersburg  and  served  to   end  of  war 

as  color  guard. 

Craig,  William.  Dandridge,  George  W. 

Craig,  Sam.  Dunn,  Willis,  died  since  the  war. 

Croley,  W.  Dunn,  Luther  M. 

Dodd,     Marcus,    transferred    to     Mosby's    Command;    died     since    the 

war. 

Dunn,  Albert  S.,  died  since  war. 

Dobbins,  James,  wounded  March   31,   '64,   died  since  the  war. 
Durrett,  James  W. 

Frazier,  James  A.,  died  since  the  war. 
Frazier,  Thomas  J.  Garrison,  George  C. 

Garrison,  Robert,  killed  at  Petersburg,   1864. 
Gillispie,  William. 
Gardner,     Walker    R.,    wounded    '64,     at    Petersburg   and    died     from 

wounds. 

Garrison,   Franklin  W.,   died  since  the  war. 
Garrison,   Henry,  died  since  the  war. 
Garrison,  Will. 

Harris,  William  H.,  later  lieutenant. 
Hall,  Julian,  wounded  at  Petersburg. 
Hall,  Rick. 

Hall,   Ebenezer,   killed  at   Petersburg. 
Hoy,  James  H.,  deserted  and  executed. 
Haney,  Smith,  died  since  the  war. 
Head,   Montgomery  W.,   died  since  the  war. 

Joyce,  . 

Keyton,   Edward,  died  since  the  war. 

Keyton, ,   killed  at   Petersburg. 

Lamb,  Newton,  killed  at   Petersburg  in   1864. 
Lamb,  John  W. 

Loffland,  George  M.,  transferred  to  cavalry. 
Mallory,  John  T.,  wounded  at  Scary   Creek,  1861 


APPENDIX  299 

McAllister,   William. 

Madison,  James   M.,  killed  at  Petersburg,  1864. 

McGrath,   Morris,   killed   at   Petersburg,    18G4. 

McCormick,   William. 

Marshall,  William  H.>  died  in  the  war. 

Marshall,  Buck. 

Marshall,   John,   wounded  at    Hewlett   House,    1864. 

Madison,  James,  transferred  to  cavalry. 

Norris,  Fendal  F.,  wounded  at  Petersburg,  '63. 

O'Conner,  Michael,  died  since  the  war. 

Peyton,   Bernard   H.,   died  since  the  war. 

Price,   William. 

Rodes,  Walker,  killed  March  29,   1865,  serving  as  color  guard. 

Shiflett,    Benjamin    F.,   died  in  prison,    Elmira,   N.    Y. 

Shiflett,   Lindsay,  died  since  the  war. 

Shiflett,  John   F.,   transferred  to  cavalry;   died  since  the  war. 

Shiflett,  Chapman  B.,  transferred  to  cavalry;  killed  at  Brandy  sta- 
tion. 

Shiflett,   Montgomery,   died  at  Elmira   (N.  Y.)   prison. 

Shiflett,   Micajah  B.,  killed  at  Petersburg. 

Shiflett,   Killis,   died  since  the  war. 

Shiflett,  Leake,  died  since  the  war. 

Shenalt,  , 

Snow,   Richard,  died  during  the  war. 

Shackelford,   Richard   I.,  died  since  the  war.- 

Snow,  Theodore. 

Sullivan,  Ira  H. 

Smith,  Theodrick  B.,  killed  carrying  the  colors  at  Scary  Creek, 
1861;  first  man  from  Albemarle  killed  in  war. 

Shoemaker,  ,  killed   at   Petersburg. 

Shafer,  ,  killed  at  Petersburg. 

Sutherland,  • . 

Trevillian,  Garrett   C. 

Thurman,   Fendal,   wounded  in  the  trenches  at   Petersburg. 

Tharpe, . 

Wood,  Edward. 

Wood,  Horace  W.,  wounded  at  Petersburg. 

Watson,  John  W. 

Wood,  Joseph   F.,  died  since  the  war. 

Wood,  Winston. 

Wilkerson,  John  S. 

MISCELLANEOUS    SERVICE. 

Abell,    J.    R.,    enlisted    May   4,     1862,   with     commissary    department; 

quartermaster;   discharged  August,    1864. 
Alexander,    T.   W.,     enlisted    April     19,    1861;   -Co.    H,    5th     Virginia 

Infantry,     Elzy's     Brigade,     Jackson's     Division;     wounded     and 

captured    at     Spotsylvania    C.     H.,    May    12,     1864;    held   at     Fort 

Delaware;   discharged  June  12,   1865. 
Andrews,  John   S.,   enlisted   April,   1861;    Co.    H,    4th    Alabama,   Rees' 

Brigade;   promoted   surgeon;    discharged   May,   1863. 
Austin,    Dr.    H.     O.,    enlisted    1861;    19th    Virginia     Infantry,    Cocke's 

Brigade;    Ewell's    Division;    assistant    surgeon;    discharged    1862. 
Austin,    William    H.,    enlisted    April    18,     1861;    Co.    C.     1st    Virginia 

Cavalry,    Wickham's    Brigade,    Pickett's    Division;    thrown    from 

a  horse  at   Manassas;   captured   September   15,   1864.   at   Waynes- 

boro;  held  at   Harpers   Ferry. 


300  APPENDIX 

Austin,  William  T.,  enlisted  July  29,  1861;  Wyatt's  Battery, 
Poague's  Battalion;  captured  November,  1863,  at  Earlysville; 
held  at  Washington  four  months  and  Fort  Delaware  twelve 
months. 

Baber,  W.  J.,  enlisted  November  7,  1862;  Battery  A,  Virginia  Light 
Artillery,  McGregory's  Division,  Stewart's  Brigade. 

Baber,  C.  L.,  enlisted  June  12,  1861;  Co.  E,  Battery  Virginia  Light 
Artillery,  Purcell's  Brigade,  Pegram's  Division;  wounded  Feb- 
ruary 4,  1865,  at  Petersburg;  died  July  6,  1883*. 

Bass,  John  C.,  enlisted  February  28,  -1863;  Co.  F,  5th  Virginia 
Cavalry,  Lomax's  Brigade,  Fitz  Lee's  Division;  wounded 
and  captured  October  19,  1864,  at  Strasburg;  held  at  Baltimore; 
wounded  and  captured  June  17,  1863,  at  Aldie;  exchanged;  dis- 
charged December  1,  1864. 

Bass,  William  E.,  enlisted  February  20,  1862;  Co.  F.  5th  Virginia 
Cavalry,  Lomax's  Brigade,  Fitz  Lee's  Division;  wounded  Oc- 
tober 19,  '62,  at  Strasburg. 

Barksdale,  William  I.,  enlisted  May  10,  1861;  Co.  K,  19th  Virginia 
Infantry,  Hunton's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division. 

Bellew,  J.  H.,  enlisted  February,  1864;   Co.  H,  7th  Virginia  Artillery. 

Bellew,  George  T.,  enlisted  April,  1864;  captured;  and  held  at  Fort 
Delaware. 

Bebb,  James  D.,  enlisted  April  20,  1862;  3d  Battalion  Virginia  Light 
Artillery,  Sturdevant's  Battery. 

Bishop,  A.  G.,  enlisted  March  15,  1862;  Co.  B.  1st  Artillery,  Car- 
rington's  Brigade,  Swell's  Division;  wounded  September  15, 
1862,  at  White  Post,  and  wounded  and  captured  May  12,  1864, 
at  Spotsylvania  C.  H.;  held  at  Fort  Delaware. 

Blackwell,  J.   H.,   enlisted   1862;    Co.   A.,    Mosby's   command. 

Blackwell,  Joseph,  enlisted  1861;  Co.  B,  19th  Virginia  Infantry; 
wounded  September  14,  1862,  at  South  Mountain. 

Blair,  J.  T.,  enlisted  April  1,  1861;  Co.  C,  19th  Virginia;  promoted 
first  lieutenant  and  commissary;  wounded  August  27,  1862,  at 
first  Manassas. 

Black,  Samuel,  enlisted  August  20,  1864;  Co.  D,  10th  Virginia  Cav- 
alry, W.  H.  Lee's  Division. 

Black,  William  Powers,  enlisted  January  3,  1863;  Co.  E,  3d  Bat- 
talion Virginia  Light  Artillery,  Pendleton's  Brigade,  Nelson's 
Division. 

Booker,  George  E.,  enlisted  July  6,  1861;  Co.  A,  58th  Virginia  In- 
fantry, Johnson's  Brigade,  Jackson's  Division;  captain;  promoted 
major. 

Boiling,  Bartlett,  enlisted  1864;  Co.  D,  Mosby's  command;  wounded 
near  Berryville,  1864;  captured  in  Fauquier  county,  1864;  held 
at  Fort  Delaware. 

Bowen,  M.  A.,  enlisted  February,  1862;  39th  Virginia  Cavalry; 
courier  for  General  R.  E.  Lee. 

Bowen,  F.  A.  W.,  enlisted  April,  1861;  Co.  I,  56th  Virginia  Regi- 
ment; killed  at  Williamsburg. 

Boyd,  James  A.,  enlisted  October  1,  1864;  Co.  G,  49th  Virginia  In- 
fantry, Pegram's  Brigade. 

Boyd,  J.  H.,  enlisted  November  3,  1864;  Co.  G,  49th  Virginia  In- 
fantry, Pegram's  Brigade. 

Bragg,  John  G.,  enlisted  1862;   Walker's  Battery. 

Breckinridge,  James,  enlisted  1861;  Captain  Breckinridge's  Com- 
pany, 2d  Virginia  Cavalry,  Fitz  Lee's  Brigade,  Stewart's  Divi- 
sion; killed  1865  on  retreat. 


APPENDIX  301 

Breckenridge,  Gilmer,  enlisted  1861;  Breckinridge's  Company,/  2d 
Virginia  Cavalry,  Fitz  Lee's  Brigade,  Stewart's  Division;  killed 
'65,  at  Fort  Kernan. 

Bramham,  N.,  enlisted  1865;  Co.  C,  Mosby's  command;  captured 
1865,  near  Charlottesville;  escaped. 

Brown,  B.  B.,  enlisted  April  1,  1861;  4th  Virginia  Cavalry,  Wick- 
ham's  Brigade,  Stewart's  Division;  captured  at  Catlett  Station. 

Brown,  John  P.,  enlisted  April,  1861;  Co.  D,  46th  Virginia  Infan- 
try, McGruder's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division;  orderly  sergeant; 
captured  and  held  at  Point  Lookout. 

Brown,  George  W.  E.,  enlisted  April,  1861;  Co.  D,  46th  Virginia 
Infantry,  McGruder's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division;  corporal; 
wounded  at  Elizabeth  City;  held  at  Roanoke  Island. 

Brown,  Lucian  B.,  enlisted  October,  1861;  Co.  B,  1st  Artillery,  Car- 
rington's  Brigade,  Swell's  Division;  wounded  May  12,  1864,  at 
Spotsylvania  C.  H.;  held  at  Fort  Delaware;  died  July  19,  1864. 

Brown,  James  R.,  enlisted  April,  1861;  Poague's  Battalion,  Wyatt's 
Battery;  sergeant;  wounded  June  3,  1864,  at  Cold  Harbor. 

Brown,  Williamson  D.,  enlisted  May  12,  1864;  1st  Virginia  Reserves, 
Colonel  R.  T.  W.  Duke. 

Browning,  E.  C.,  enlisted  May  10,  1861;  Co.  I,  2d  Virginia  Cavalry, 
Fitz  Lee's  Brigade,  Stuart's  Division;  wounded  April  4,  1864,  at 
Yellow  Tavern. 

Browning,  F.  M.,  enlisted  May  10,  1861;  Co.  I,  2d  Virginia  Cav- 
alry, Fitz  Lee's  Brigade,  Stuart's  Division. 

Bryan,  J.  R.,  Jr.,  enlisted  1861;  McGruder's  command;  second  lieu- 
tenant and  drill-master;  promoted  aide-de-camp,  discharged 
1862;  re-enlisted  1862,  McLane's  Division,  orderly  sergeant; 
promoted  captain  and  inspector  of  field  transportation. 

Burcher,  J.  S.,  enlisted  May  10,  1861;  Co.  C,  19th  Virginia  Infantry, 
Hunton's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division. 

Burnley,  D.  W.,  enlisted  May  1,  1861;  Battery  A,  Virginia  Light 
Artillery,  McGruder's  Brigade,  Johnston's  Division;  first  ser- 
geant; discharged  August  25,  1862. 

Burton,  John  A.,  enlisted  March  20,  1863;  Co.  B,  59th  Virginia  Re- 
serves, Wise's  Brigade,  Johnson's  Division. 

Campbell,  Charles  A.,  enlisted  May  20,  1861;  Co.  C,  19th  Virginia 
Infantry,  Hunton's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division;  wounded  Au- 
gust 28,  1862,  at  second  Manassas;  died  1869. 

Carter,  J.  H.,  enlisted  November,  1864;  Co.  D,  49th  Virginia  Infan- 
try, Pegram's  Brigade. 

Clark,  Charles  D.,  enlisted  August  20,  1861;  Co.  E,  Battalion  Vir- 
ginia Light  Artillery,  Pendleton's  Brigade,  Nelson's  Division; 
wounded  September  3',  1862;  at  Kellys  Ford. 

Clark,  George  M.,  enlisted  July  18,  1861;  SouthalFs  Battery;  served 
fourteen  months;  discharged  for  non  age;  re-enlisted  in  Sep- 
tember, 1864;  49th  Virginia  Infantry,  Pegram's  Brigade,  

Division;  wounded  below  Petersburg,  March  25,  1865;  cap- 
tured at  Richmond;  held  at  Newport  News;  discharged  July  2, 
1865. 

Cobbs,  George  E.,  enlisted  May,  1864;  Poague's  Battalion,  Sturde- 
vant's  Battery;  killed  at  Petersburg,  August  20,  1864. 

Cole,  John  G.,  enlisted  1862;  Co.  B,  2d  Virginia  Cavalry,  Fitz  Lee's 
Brigade,  Stuart's  Division. 

Coleman,  Chester  C.,  enlisted  May  20,  1861;  Co.  C,  19th  Virginia 
•  Infantry,  Hunton's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division;  killed  May  8, 
1864,  at  Spotsylvania  C.  H. 


302  APPENDIX 

Ccleman,  Robert,  enlisted  June  1,  1862;  Co.  H,  19th  Virginia  In- 
fantry, Hunton's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division;  wounded  July  21, 
1861,  at  Manassas. 

Cook,  G.  W.,  enlisted  August  1,  1864;  Co.  B,  19th  Virginia  Heavy 
Artillery,  Wise's  Brigade,  Johnson's  Division. 

Crickenbarger,  W.  A.,  enlisted  1861;  Co.  I.  33d  Virginia  Infantry, 
stonewall's  Brigade;  captured  at  Spotsylvania  C.  H.,  1864;  held 
at  Fort  Delaware. 

Crockford,  S.  H.,  enlisted  1862;  Johnson's  Battalion  Artillery;  ser- 
geant; promoted  first  lieutenant  and  adjutant. 

Davis,   Burnett,   enlisted  1862;   Sturdevant's   Battery. 

Davis,  James  F.,  enlisted  1861;  Poague's  Battalion,  Wyatt's  Bat- 
tery. 

Davis,    M.   V.,   enlisted   1861;    Poague's    Battalion,   Wyatt's    Battery. 

Davis,   William   H.,   enlisted   1864;   Sullivan's   Artillery. 

Day,  William,  enlisted  June  1,  1861;  Co.  A,  10th  Virginia  Infantry; 
Elzy's  Brigade,  Jackson's  Division:  wounded  at  second  Ma- 
nassas. 

Dobbins,  James  A.,  enlisted  June,  1861;  Co.  D,  46th  Virginia  In- 
fantry; Wise's  Brigade,  Johnson's  Division;  promoted  cor- 
poral: wounded  at  the  Crater. 

Dolan,  J.  E.,  enlisted  June  9,  1861 ;  25th  Battalion  Virginia  Reserves, 
Critchfield's  Brigade,  Custis  Lee's  Division. 

Dollins,  Tyra,  enlisted  August  1,  1863;  Co.  B,  18th  Battalion  Vir- 
ginia Heavy  Artillery,  Wise's  Brigade,  Johnson's  Division. 

Delaine,  W.  P.,  enlisted  April  16,  1861;  Co.  H,  19th  Virginia  Infan- 
try, Hunton's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division:  musician;  wounded 
June  20,  1864,  at  Chester  Station. 

Dunn,  Edward,  enlisted  April  1,  1861;  Co.  B,  19th  Virginia  Infan- 
try, Hunton's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division;  killed. 

Dunn,  James  T.,  enlisted  May  12,  1864;  reserved  force  under  Colonel 
R.  T.  W.  Duke,  of  Albemarle  County. 

Drew,  James  A.,  enlisted  May  10  1861;  Co.  C,  19th  Virginia  Infan- 
try, Hunton's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division. 

Durnette,  Dr.  James  T.,  enlisted  1861;  56th  Virginia  Infantry,  Hun- 
ton's Brigade,  Pickett's  Division;  orderly  sergeant;  promoted 
acting  assistant  surgeon. 

Durrett,  Frank  S,  enlisted  1863;  Co.  D,  46th  Virginia  Infantry, 
Wise's  Brigade,  Johnson's  Division;  second  lieutenant. 

Early,  J.  A.,  enlisted  October,  1864;  49th  Virginia  Infantry,  Walker's 
Brigade. 

Ellinger,  Andrew,  enlisted  March  14,  1862;  Co.  F,  5th  Virginia  In- 
fantry, Swell's  Brigade,  Jackson's  Division. 

Elliott,  M.  D.,  enlisted  October,  1864;  Co.  D,  49th  Virginia  Infan- 
try, Pegram's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division:  captured  at  Peters- 
burg, March  26,  1865;  held  at  Point  Lookout;  discharged  May 
28,  1865. 

Farris,  J.  N.,  enlisted  June  7,  1861;  Co.  E,  Battalion  Virginia  Light 
Artillery,  Pendleton's  Brigade,  Nelson's  Division;  wounded  and 
captured  at  Sharpsburg,  September  14,  1862;  held  at  Baltimore; 
discharged  June  23,  1865. 

Farish,  Thomas  L.,  enlisted  1862;  Robertson's  Brigade,  Stewart's 
Division;  acting  assistant  inspector-general;  transferred  in  same 
capacity  to  General  J.  A.  Walker;  captured  near  Charlottesville, 
March,  1865;  paroled. 

Fisher,  James  H.,  enlisted  April  16,   1862. 

Forrer,  John  K.,  enlisted  July  1,  1861;  Co.  C,  52d  Virginia  Infantry, 
Elzy's  Brigade,  Early's  Division. 


APPENDIX  303 

Forrer,  Samuel,  enlisted  July  1,  1861;  Co.  C,  52d  Virginia  Infantry, 
Elzy's  Brigade,  Early's  Division. 

Foster,  John  W.,  enlisted  September  27,  1863;  Co.  B,  18th  Bat- 
talion Virginia  Heavy  Artillery,  Custis  Lee's  Brigade,  Swell's 
Division. 

Fretwell,  John  T.,  enlisted  spring  of  1862;  served  as  courier  to  Gen- 
eral R.  E.  Lee  till  close  of  war. 

Gardner,  Ira  B.,  enlisted  April  1,  1861;  Crenshaw's  Battalion,  Car- 
rington's  Battery;  wounded  April  6,  1865,  at  Farmville. 

Gardner,  John  B.,  served  two  years  in  the  Mexican  war;  four  years 
in  the  late  civil  war;  captured  near  Appomattox  C.  H.,  April 
9,  1865;  held  at  Point  Lookout. 

Garland,  James  B.,  enlisted  February  1,  1864;  Co.  G,  5th  Virginia 
Cavalry,  Lomax's  Brigade,  Fitz  Lee's  Division;  corporal;  cap- 
tured May  11,  1864,  at  Yellow  Tavern;  held  at  Point  Lookout; 
discharged  February  20,  1865. 

Garnett,   J.   M.,    enlisted   1865;    Richardson's    Battalion   couriers. 

Garnett,  R.  E.,  enlisted  1864;  Co.  H,  5th  Virginia  Cavalry,  Lomax's 
Brigade,  Fitz  Lee's  Division. 

Gibson,  Abraham,  enlisted  May  1,  1861;  Co.  A,  52d  Virginia  Infan- 
try, Elzy's  Brigade,  Pegram's  Division;  wounded  July  19,  1864, 
at  Winchester. 

Gillam,  A.  P.,  enlisted  April,  1864;  Poague's  Battalion,  Wyatt's  Bat- 
tery, Heth's  Division. 

Goodman,  David  R.,  enlisted  1851;  Co.  B,  19th  Virginia  Infantry, 
Hunton's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division;  wounded  1862  at  Wil- 
liamsburg  and  second  Manassas. 

Goodwin,  J.  S.,  enlisted   1862;   Carrington's   Artillery   Company. 

Goss,  J.  P.,  enlisted  1864;   Co.  F,   Duke's  Virginia   Reserves. 

Goss,  L.  L.,  enlisted  1861;  Sturdevant's  Artillery  Company;  pro- 
moted captain;  captured  at  Hatchers  Run,  1865;  held  at  Point 
Lookout. 

Grayson,  John,  enlisted  June  10,  1861 ;  Co.  K,  3d  Virginia  Cavalry, 
Davis'  Brigade,  Wise's  Division:  third  lieutenant;  discharged 
May  25,  1862. 

Grigsby,  Andrew  J.,  enlisted  1861;  27th  Virginia  Infantry,  Stone- 
wall's  Brigade:  major;  promoted  colonel;  wounded  at  Walnut 
Hill,  1862;  discharged  1862. 

Hall,  Lucien,  enlisted  April  23,  1862;  Nelson's  Brigade,  Walker's 
Division;  assistant  surgeon;  promoted  brigade  surgeon. 

Haniner,  A.  J.,  enlisted  May  1,  1862;  Co.  B,  18th  Virginia  Heavy 
Artillery,  Critchfield's  Brigade,  Custis  Lee's  Division. 

Hamner,  Clifton,  enlisted  March  15,  1864;  Co.  G,  10th  Virginia  Cav- 
alry, Lomax's  Brigade,  W.  H.  Lee's  Division. 

Hamner,  W.  G.,  enlisted  October  1,  1864;  Co.  G,  49th  Virginia  In- 
fantry, Walker's  Brigade,  Pegram's  Division. 

Hamner,  James  B.,  enlisted  May  10,  1861;  Co.  H,  19th  Virginia  In- 
fantry, Hunton's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division;  killed  at  Wil- 
liamsburg,  June  5,  1862. 

Hamner,   John    B.,    enlisted    May   20,   1861;    Mosby's   Cavalry. 

Hancock,  P.  B.,  enlisted  1861;  Co.  G,  23d  Virginia  Infantry,  Stew- 
art's Brigade,  Ewell's  Division;  corporal;  promoted  sergeant; 
wounded  August  28,  1862,  at  second  Manassas. 

Hancock,  Richard  J.,  enlisted  June  11,  1861;  Co.  D,  9th  Louisiana, 
Taylor's  Brigade,  Ewell's  Division;  third  lieutenant;  promoted 
first  lieutenant,  then  captain,  then  colonel;  wounded  August  28, 
1862,  at  second  Manassas;  July  3,  1863°,  at  Gettysburg,  and 
September  19,  1864,  at  Winchester. 


304  APPENDIX 

Harmon,  J.  R.,  enlisted  October  20,  1864;  Co.  F,  13th  Virginia 
Infantry,  Elzy's  Brigade,  Early's  Division;  wounded  and  cap- 
tured at  Petersburg,  March  25,  1865;  held  at  Newport  News. 

Harris,  Burnett  B.,  enlisted  April  15,  1861;  Co.  B,  19th  Virginia 
Infantry,  Hunton's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division. 

Harris,  Henry  T.,  enlisted  October,  1864;  Co.  D,  49th  Infantry 
Regiment;  Pegram's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division;  captured  at 
Petersburg,  March  26,  1865;  held  at  Point  Lookout;  died  May 
28,  1865. 

Harris,  H.  G.,  Co.  D,  43d  Battalion,  Mosby's  command;  captured 
in  Loudoun  county,  October  28,  1864;  held  at  Washington  and 
Boston. 

Harris,  James  E.,  enlisted  April,  1861;  Wyant's  Battery  Artillery, 
Poague's  Battalion. 

Harris,  William  H.,  enlisted  April  1,  1861,  1st  Virginia  Cavalry; 
courier  for  General  Stuart;  killed  May  2,  1863,  at  Chancellors- 
ville. 

Hart,  S.  J.,  enlisted  August,  1864,  Co.  A,  8th  Virginia  Light  Artil- 
lery, McGregor's  Battalion,  Lee's  Division. 

Henry,  Charles,  enlisted  April  20,  1861,  Co.  E,  7th  Virginia  Cav- 
alry, Derring's  Brigade,  Rosser's  Division;  wounded  July  3, 
1863,  at  Fairfield,  Penn. 

Henry,  Hugh,  enlisted  July  1,  1864,  Co.  E,  7th  Virginia  Cavalry, 
Derring's  Brigade,  Rosser's  Division;  wounded  April  3,  1865, 
at  High  Bridge. 

Hoard,  R.  L.,  enlisted  May  25,  1861,  Richardson's  Corps,  Virginia 
Light  Artillery,  Battery  A;  twice  captured  and  assigned  to 
duty  as  surgeon. 

Horden,  Hopkins,  enlisted  June  25,  1861,  Co.  C,  19th  Virginia  In- 
fantry, Hunton's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division;  second  lieutenant; 
wounded  July  3,  1863,  at  Gettysburg. 

Horden,  John,  enlisted  June  28,  1861,  Co.  K,  44th  Virginia  Infan- 
try, Elzy's  Brigade,  Swell's  Division;  died  April  20,  1862. 

Horden,  Mortimer,  enlisted  June  25,  1861,  Co.  K,  44th  Virginia  In- 
fantry, Elzy's  Brigade,  Swell's  Division;  second  lieutenant; 
wounded  at  McDowell,  October  28,  1861;  died  December  11, 
1861. 

Horden,  William,  enlisted  June  25,  1861,  Co.  K,  44th  Virginia  In- 
fantry, Elzy's  Brigade,  Swell's  Division;  wounded  three  times, 
once  at  Brandy  Station,  February  28,  1862. 

Hornner,  James  B.,  enlisted  May  10,  1861,  Co.  H,  19th  Virginia  In- 
fantry, Hunton's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division;  killed  at  Wil- 
liamsburg,  June  6,  1862. 

Hornner,  John  B.,  enlisted  May  20,  1861,  Co.  I,  41st  Virginia  Cav- 
alry; Mosby's  Battalion. 

Houchen,  J.  C.,  enlisted  July  21,  1861,  Poague's  Battalion,  Wyatt's 
Battery,  Heth's  Division;  wounded  at  Washington,  North  Car- 
olina, April  3,  1863. 

Houchins,  William  Thomas,  enlisted  July  21,  1861,  Co.  C,  1st  Vir- 
ginia Artillery. 

Houchins,  George  T.,  enlisted  July  21,  1861,  Battery  B,  1st  Virginia 
Light  Artillery;  died  June  13,  1862. 

Humphreys,   George   A.,   enlisted   March,   1863. 

Humphries,  Thomas  P.,  enlisted  December  1,  1863,  Co.  B,  18th 
Virginia  Heavy  Artillery,  Custis  Lee's  Brigade,  Swell's  Divi- 
sion. 

Jackson,  Andrew,  enlisted  1863,  Houston's  Co.,  Duke's  Albemarle 
Co.  Reserves. 


APPENDIX  305 

Jarman,  J.  H.,  enlisted  April,  ]8fi2,  Co.  D,  49th  Virginia  Infantry, 
Kemper's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division;  commissary. 

Jarman,    Thomas   T.,    enlisted   July,    1861;    died    September   20,    1864. 

Jeffers,  V.  B.,  enlisted  April  1,  1861,  Co.  G,  3d  Virginia  Cavalry; 
second  sergeant;  promoted  orderly  sergeant;  discharged  1864. 

Jcntrey,   E.   D.,   enlisted   1863,    Co.    D,    Booker's   Infantry   Reserves. 

Jones,    Allen    L.,   enlisted    1861;   killed   near  Winchester. 

Jones,  Frank,  enlisted  May  12,  1864,  1st  Virginia  Reserves  under 
Colonel  Duke;  died  from  exposure  January,  1865. 

Jones,  John  T.,  M.  D.,  enlisted  April,  1861;  promoted  surgeon  of 
the  14th  Alabama;  served  eighteen  months;  promoted  surgeon 
of  same. 

Kase,  Alvah,  enlisted  1861,  Co.  A,  4th  Virginia  Cavalry,  Fitz  Lee's 
Brigade,  Stuart's  Division;  detailed  on  special  duty;  wounded, 
1862,  at  Ashland;  captured,  1863,  in  Prince  William  county; 
held  at  Point  Lookout. 

Keener,  J.  Albert,  enlisted  1862,  Co.  A,  25th  Virginia  Infantry,  Pe- 
gram's  Brigade,  Gordon's  Division;  wounded  at  Chancellors- 
ville,  May  3,  1863. 

Keener,  L.  S.,  enlisted  May  12,  1861,  Co.  A,  25th  Virginia  Infantry, 
Pegram's  Brigade,  Gordon's  Division;  wounded  at  Frederick 
City,  Maryland,  July  9,  1863.;  captured  and  held  at  Baltimore. 

Killian,  G.  H.,  enlisted  April  17,  1861,  Co.  H,  5th  Virginia  Infantry, 
Stonewall's  Brigade,  Johnson's  Division;  promoted  captain; 
wounded  at  Kernstown;  captured  at  Wilderness,  held  at  Fort 
Delaware. 

Kirby,  J.  "R.,  enlisted  April  25,  1862,  Co.  K,  44th  Virginia  Infantry, 
Johnson's  Brigade,'  Swell's  Division;  wounded  May  10,  1864,  at 
Spotsylvania  C.  H.;  captured  May  12,  1864;  held  at  Elmira, 
New  York;  discharged  June  27,  1865. 

Kirby,  John  S.,  enlisted  April  20,  1863,  Co.  D,  49th  Virginia  Infan- 
try, Pegram's  Battalion;  wounded  March  29,  1865,  at  Hatchers 
Run. 

Lackie,  R.  J.,  enlisted  July  14,  1861,  Co.  H,  12th  Virginia  Cavalry, 
Rosser's  Brigade,  Hampton's  Division. 

Leake,  W.  P.,  enlisted  May  1,  1862,  Battery  B,  Virginia  Light  Ar- 
tillery, Otey's  Brigade,  Longstreet's  Division. 

Lipscomb,  O.  C.,  enlisted  September  1,  1861,  Co.  A,  52d  Virginia 
Infantry,  Pegram's  Brigade,  Johnson's  Division;  second  ser- 
geant; promoted  first  lieutenant;  wounded  May  24,  1864,  at 
Bethesda  Church;  captured  September  19,  1864,  at  Winchester; 
held  at  Fort  Delaware;  discharged  June  15,  1865. 

Lupton,  James  X.,  enlisted  1864,  61st  Virginia  Infantry,  Mahone's 
Division. 

Macon.  Littleton,  L.,  enlisted  April  10,  1861,  Co.  A,  1st  Battery  Vir- 
ginia Light  Artillery,  Pcndleton's  Brigade,  Jackson's  Division; 
second  sergeant;  wounded  June,  1862,  at  Cold  Harbor;  dis- 
charged May  20,  1863. 

Madison.  William  B..  enlisted  August.  1862,  Poague's  Battalion, 
Wyatt's  Battery;  wounded  August  17,  1864,  at  Dunlap  Station. 

Magruder,  H.  E.,  enlisted  1864,  Rockbridge  Artillery;  captured. 
1864,  in  Caroline  county;  held  at  Point  Lookout. 

Magruder,  John  B.,  enlisted  1861,  Rivanna  Guards,  Hunton's  Bri- 
gade, Pickett's  Division:  captain;  promoted  colonel  of  57th  Vir- 
ginia Infantry:  wounded  and  captured  at  Gettysburg,  1863;  died 
in  prison,  1863. 

Malbry,  W.  F.,  enlisted  May,  1861,  Co.  E,  46th  Virginia  Infantry, 
Wise's  Brigade,  Johnson's  Division. 


306  APPENDIX 

Marchant,  H.  C.,  enlisted  1861,  Co.  A,  12th  Virginia  Infantry; 
wounded,  1862,  at  Richmond. 

Marchant,  John  A.,  enlisted  1861,   Mosby's  command. 

Marshall,  Richard  A.,  enlisted  1864,  Co.  G,  51st  Virginia  Infantry, 
Wharton's  Brigade,  Early's  Division. 

Martin,  Benjamin,  enlisted  July  15,  1861,  Co.  B,  46th  Virginia  In- 
fantry, H.  A.  Wise's  Brigade,  Johnston's  Division;  sergeant; 
wounded  near  Richmond,  December,  1862;  died  November  3, 
1877. 

Maupin,  G.  X.,  enlisted  June,  1861,  57th  Virginia  Infantry,  Hun- 
ton's  Brigade.  Pickett's  Division,  discharged  March  10,  1862; 
re-enlisted  Jan.  13,  1864,  in  the  56th  Virginia  Infantry;  cap- 
tured near  Farmville,  April  6,  1865;  held  at  Point  Lookout;  re- 
leased June  28,  1865. 

Maupin,  G.  W.,  enlisted  November,  1864,  Co.  D,  49th  Virginia  Reg- 
iment, Pegram's  Brigade,  Gordon's  Division. 

Maupin,  P.,  enlisted  March,  1862,  Co.  K,  2d  Virginia  Cavalry, 
Wickham's  Brigade,  Stuart's  Division. 

Maupin,  R.  W.,  enlisted  June,  1861,  Co.  H,  1st  Virginia  Artillery; 
promoted  second  sergeant. 

Mays,  George  W.,  enlisted  May  1,  1861,  Co.  H,  19th  Virginia  In- 
fantry, Hunton's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division;  wounded  at  Seven 
Pines,  May  12,  1862. 

Mayo,  Jacob  V.,  enlisted  June  25,  1861,  Co.  K,  44th  Virginia  In- 
fantry, Elzy's  Brigade,  Swell's  Division;  wounded  May  28, 
1863,  at  Petersburg;  captured  May  27,  1864,  at  Spotsylvania  C. 
H.;  held  at  Fort  Delaware;  discharged  June  25,  1865: 

Mayo,  L.  R.,  enlisted  spring,  1862,  Co.  B,  2d  Virginia  Cavalry, 
Wickham's  Brigade,  F.  W.  Lee's  Division. 

McWilliams,  Sam  R.,  enlisted  1863;  wounded  at  Point  of  Rocks, 
Loudon  county,  and  at  Five  Forks,  Dinwiddie  county. 

Melton,  J.  P.,  enlisted  1861,  Co.  A,  Nelson's  Battalion  Artillery, 
Early's  Division. 

Melton,  Cornelius  J.,  enlisted  1861,  Co.  F,  19th  Virginia  Infantry, 
Hunton's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division;  wounded  at  second  Ma- 
nassas,  1863;  captured  1865,  at  High  Bridge;  held  at  Point 
Lookout. 

Michie,  O.  G.,  enlisted  1863,  Wyatt's  Battery  Artillery,  Poague's 
Battalion;  died  at  Atlas  Station,  C.  &  O.  R.  R.,  1864. 

Michie,  Orin,  enlisted  July,  1861,  Co.  D,  46th  Virginia  Infantry,  Mc- 
Gruder's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division;  corporal;  captured  at 
Elizabeth  City;  held  at  Roanoke  Island. 

Michie,  T.  A.,  enlisted  July  1861,  McGruder's  Division;  assistant 
surgeon. 

Monday,  C.  L.,  enlisted  July  20,  1861;  assigned  to  provost  duty  in 
hospital. 

Moon,  James  N.,  enlisted  June  1,  1861,  Co.  C,  19th  Virginia  Infan- 
try,  Hunton's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division. 

Moon,  Richard  C.,  enlisted  May  1,  1864,  Co.  B,  1st  Virginia  Infan- 
try. 

Moon,   Schuyler,  enlisted  July   1,   1861. 

Moxwell,  J.  H.,  enlisted  June  26,  1861,  Co.  G,  46th  Virginia  Infan- 
try, Wise's  Brigade,  Johnson's  Division;  wounded  February  28, 
1862,  at  Roanoke  Island;  captured  and  paroled. 

Nalle,  E.  P.,  enlisted  1861,  Co.  B,  49th  Virginia  Infantry,  Smith's 
Brigade,  Swell's  Division;  discharged  1863.. 

Nelson,    P.   W.,    enlisted   1861;    Co.    C,   2d  Virginia    Infantry,    Stone- 


APPENDIX  307 

wall  Brigade;  promoted  first  lieutenant;  wounded  in  1862  at 
Port  Republic  and  second  Manassas;  1864  at  Spotsylvania. 

Xorris,    William,    enlisted    May    12,    1864;    discharged   June   24,    1864. 

Owens,  C.  W.,  enlisted  June  1,  1861;  Co  G,  49th  Virginia  Infantry, 
Pegram's  Brigade,  A.  P.  Hill's  Division. 

Payne,  B.  G.,  enlisted  May  1,  1861;  Co.  A,  5th  Virginia  Infantry, 
Payne's  Brigade,  Fitz  Lee's  Division. 

Pendleton,  D.,  captured  July  3,  1863,  at  Gettysburg;  held  at  Point 
Lookout;  discharged  June  25,  1865. 

Phillips,  O.  P.,  enlisted  June,  1863;  Co.  C,  6th  Virginia  Cavalry, 
Lomax's  Brigade,  Stuart's  Division. 

Phillips,  T.  W.,  enlisted  1861;  Co.  C,  10th  Virginia  Infantry,  Stone- 
wall Brigade;  wounded  1863,  at  Chancellorsville;  1864,  at  Wil- 
derness. 

Pitman,  R.  C.,  enlisted  April  17,  1861;  Co.  F,  13th  Virginia  Infan- 
try, Pegram's  Brigade,  Early's  Division. 

Powell,  Frank,  enlisted  August  1,  1864;  Co.  D,  49th  Virginia  In- 
fantry; Elzy's  Brigade,  Pegram's  Division. 

Powell,  Lewis  W.,  enlisted  April  1,  1861;  1st  Virginia  Cavalry, 
Stuart's  Brigade;  wounded  July,  1861,  at  Manassas;  discharged 
for  disability. 

Powell,  Sharod,  enlisted  January  1,  1864;  Co.  G,  10th  Virginia  Cav- 
alry, Fitz  Lee's  Brigade. 

Powell,  William  H.,  enlisted  August  1,  '64;  Co.  D,  49th  Virginia 
Infantry,  Elzy's  Brigade,  Pegram's  Division;  wounded  March 
31,  1865,  at  Hatchers  Run;  captured  at  Sailors  Creek,  April  3, 
1865;  held  at  Point  Lookout;  discharged  June  25,  1865. 

Payne,   John  A.,   enlisted   1863;    Co.   C,  39th   Battalion;   courier. 

Priddy,  Anthony,  enlisted  1864;  Early's  'Company,  Virginia  Re- 
serves, Custis  Lee's  Division. 

Pugh,  Silas  G.,  enlisted  January  20,  1862;  Co.  G,  46th  Virginia  In- 
fantry, Wise's  Brigade,  Johnston's  Division;  captured  at  Roa- 
noke  Island,  February,  1862;  held  at  Elizabeth  City;  wounded 
September  28,  1864,  at  Chester  Station. 

Railey,  L.  R.,  Jr.,  enlisted  April,  1861;  Crenshaw's  Battalion,  Car- 
rington's  Battery;  captured  May  5,  1863.,  at  Spotsylvania  C.  H.; 
held  at  Fort  Delaware. 

Railey,  William  B.,  enlisted  April  17,  1861,  19th  Virginia  Infantry; 
promoted  orderly  sergeant. 

Rawlings,  R.  H.,  enlisted  1862;  Co.  I,  6th  Virginia  Cavalry,  Lomax's 
Brigade,  Fitz  Lee's  Division;  wounded  at  Brandy  Station  in 
1863  and  1864;  Cold  Harbor  in  1864. 

Robinson,  Richard  W.,  enlisted  August  1,  1864;  Co.  D,  47th  Virginia 
Infantry,  Wise's  Brigade,  Johnson's  Division;  2d  lieutenant; 
wounded  February  4,  1865,  at  Petersburg. 

Roder,   Thomas   L.,  enlisted  1863;   Co.   C,   39th   Battalion;   courier. 

Rogers,  J.  H.,  Co.  G,  6th  Virginia  Cavalry,  Lomax's  Brigade,  Fitz 
Lee's  Division;  wounded  August  12,  1861,  at  Burnetts  Ford, 
and  January  3,  1864,  at  Front  Royal. 

Rothwell,  J.  B.,  enlisted  1864;  loth  Virginia  Cavalry;  twice  wounded; 
died  August,  1864. 

Rothwell,  Joseph  Warren,  enlisted  April,  1862;  Co.  D,  56th  Virginia 
Infantry,  Wickham's  Brigade,  Longstreet's  Division;  died 
August  6,  1864. 

Sandridge,    George    M.,    enlisted    April,    1862:   Virginia   Artillery. 

Sandridge,    Ira   L.,   enlisted   June   6,   1863;   Virginia   Artillery. 

Schwartz,     John     M.,     enlisted     May     13,     1861;    Co.     A,   3d    Virginia 


308  APPENDIX 

Cavalry,  Ashby's  Brigade,  Stuart's  Division;  wounded  at  Cold 
Harbor. 

Shackleford,  James,  enlisted  August  1,  1863;  Co.  G.  49th  Virginia 
Infantry,  Gordon's  Brigade,  Early's  Division;  wounded  May 
29,  1864,  at  Trevallion;  captured  March  25,  1865,  at  Petersburg: 
held  at  Point  Lookout;  discharged  June  5,  1865. 

Shay,  A.  R.,  enlisted  1861;  Louisiana  Guard  Battery,  Hays'  Brigade, 
Swell's  Division;  wounded  1862,  at  Cedar  Mountain. 

Shelton,  A.  G.,  enlisted  March  15,  1862;  Co.  D,  49th  Virginia  In- 
fantry, Pegram's  Brigade,  Jackson's  Division. 

Shepherd,  C.  R.,  enlisted  May,  1863;  Co.  C,  Duke's  Virginia  Reser- 
ves, C.  Lee's  Division;  discharged  August,  1863. 

Shepherd,  J.  S.  M.,  enlisted  April  1,  1862;  Battery  B,  Virginia  Light 
Artillery,  Elzy's  Brigade,  Early's  Division;  captured  at  Spot- 
sylvania  C.  H.,  May  12,  1864;  held  at  Fort  Delaware;  dis- 
charged. 

Shiflett,  Andfield  H.,  enlisted  June,  1862;  12th  Virginia,  Poague's 
Battalion,  Sturdevant's  Battery;  wounded  at  Seven  Pines,  June 
27,  1862. 

Shifflett,  Levi  G.,  enlisted  1863;  Poague's  Battalion,  Sturdevant's 
Battery. 

Shultz,  Martin,  enlisted  July  20,  1861;  Co.  B,  52d  Virginia  Infan- 
try, Pegram's  Brigade,  Johnson's  Division:  discharged  January 
3,  1864. 

Smith,  D.  H.,  enlisted  1864;  Co.  F,  Duke's  Virginia  Reserves,  Cus- 
tis  Lee's  Division. 

Smith,  George  T.,  enlisted  1862;  Captain  French's  Company,  Ros- 
ser's  Brigade;  captured  at  Brandy  Station;  held  at  Washington. 

Smith,  George  W.,  enlisted  1864;  Early's  Company  Virginia  Re- 
serves, Custis  Lee's  Division. 

Smith,  G.  W.,  enlisted  March  16,  1862;  Wyatt's  Battery,  Poague's 
Battalion,  Heth's  Division;  wounded  at  Gettysburg  July  3,  1863. 

Smith,  Henry  J.,  enlisted  1861;  Rivanna  Guards;  wounded  at  Seven 
Pines,  '62. 

Smith,  James  D.,  enlisted  '64;  Co.  A,  13th  Virginia  Infantry,  Walker's 
Brigade. 

Smith,  James  D.,  enlisted  1864;  Co.  F,  Duke's  Virginia  Reserves, 
Custis  Lee's  Division. 

Smith,  J.  H.,  enlisted  September  1,  1861;  Rockbridge  Light  Artil- 
lery; Lewis'  Brigade,  Early's  Division;  first  lieutenant. 

Snead,  C.  L.,  enlisted  1862;  Co.  G,  49th  Virginia  Infantry;  Pe- 
gram's Brigade,  Early's  Division;  captured  1865,  at  Petersburg; 
held  at  Point  Lookout. 

Snead,   Miles,   enlisted  1861;   Carrington's  Battery. 

Snead,  William  H.,  enlisted  1862;  Co.  G,  49th  Virginia  Infantry, 
Pegram's  Brigade,  Early's  Division. 

Sutherland,  Arthur  B.,  enlisted  May  20,  1861;  Co.  F,  46th  Virginia 
Infantry,  Wise's  Brigade,  Johnson's  Division;  second  sergeant: 
promoted  first  lieutenant:  captured  February  2.  1862,  at  Roa- 
noke;  paroled. 

Sutherland,  Edward,  enlisted  May  10,  1861:  Co.  G,  46th  Virginia 
Infantry,  Wise's  Brigade,  Johnson's  Division:  died  September 
23,  1864. 

Sutherland,  John  H.,  enlisted  May  20,  1861;  Co.  F,  46th  Virginia 
Infantry,  Wise's  Brigade,  Johnson's  Division;  wounded  and 
captured  at  Roanoke,  February  28,  1862;  paroled. 

Sprouse,    Martin   A.,    enlisted   May   1,    1861;    Co.   A,   52d   Virginia    In- 


APPENDIX  309 

fantry,  Elzy's  Brigade,  Pegram's  Division;  wounded  August  29, 
1861,  at  Williamsburg. 

Tapp,  Henry  L.,  enlisted  spring  of  1861;  18th  Virginia  Infantry. 
Cox's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division;  discharged  May,  1862;  died 
June,  1862. 

Tapp,  William  D.,  enlisted  spring  of  1861. 

Taylor,  E.  G.,  enlisted  April  17,  1861;  Co.  B,  19th  Virginia  Infan- 
try, Hunton's  Brigade,  Pickett's  Division;  promoted  first  ser- 
geant; wounded  and  captured  at  Gettysburg,  July  3,  1863;  held 
at  Baltimore. 

Taylor,  William  W.,  enlisted  May  12,  1861;  served  as  wagon  master, 
then  mechanic. 

Temple,  Roy,  chaplain;  enlisted  May  1,  1861;  Battalion  King  Wil- 
liam County  Artillery,  Rode's  Brigade,  Jackson's  Division; 
wounded  at  Seven  Pines. 

Thompson,  N.,   enlisted   1863;   Co.   C,   39th   Battalion;   courier. 

Tillman,  John  T.,  enlisted  June  3,  1865;  Co.  B,  9th  Battalion  Vir- 
ginia Cavalry,  Fitz  Lee's  Brigade,  Stuart's  Division. 

Tillman,  T.  W.,  enlisted  May  13-,  1862;  Co.  D,  39th  Virginia  Cav- 
alry, R.  E.  Lee's  Division;  wounded  June  11,  1865,  at  Shady 
Grove. 

Timberlake,  C.  G.,  enlisted  March,  '64;  Co.  D,  43d  Battalion,  Mos- 
by's  command. 

Tooley,  I.  F.,  enlisted  May  1,  1862;  Co.  B,  15th  Virginia  Cavalry, 
Lomax's  Brigade,  Fitz  Lee's  Division;  wounded  at  Spotsylvania 
C.  H.,  October  28,  '64. 

Tyler,  John  W.,  enlisted  May  20,  1861;  Co.  I,  13th  Virginia  Infan- 
try, Pegram's  Brigade,  Early's  Division;  wounded  June  26,  1862, 
at  Fraziers  Farm. 

Van  Doran,  M.  L.,  enlisted  March  8,  1863;  Co.  B,  1st  Virginia  Cav- 
alry, Wickham's  Brigade,  Fitz  Lee's  Division. 

Vaughan,   A.    W./ enlisted   1862;    Sturdevant's   Light   Artillery. 

Vaughan,  Joseph   G.,  enlisted  1863;   courier  to  General  Lee. 

Vawter,  C.  E.,  enlisted  May  9,  1861;  Co.  D,  27th  Virginia  Infan- 
try, Elzy's  Brigade,  Jackson's  Division;  promoted  third  ser- 
geant and  captain;  wounded  June  19,  1862,  in  the  Virginia  val- 
ley; captured  March  2,  1865,  at  Waynesboro;  held  at  Fort  Del- 
aware; discharged  June  19,  1865. 

Via,  P.  M.,  enlisted  April  15,  1861;  Boggs'  Battalion,  Stewart's  Bat- 
tery. 

Voorhies,  G.  F.,  enlisted  April  18,  1861;  Co.  D,  2d  Virginia  Infan- 
try, Elzy's  Brigade,  Jackson's  Division;  wounded  May  10,  1864, 
at  Spotsylvania  C.  H. 

Wallace,  James  H.,  enlisted  May  15,  1862;  Co.  B,  3d  Battalion  Vir- 
ginia Light  Artillery,  Swell's  Brigade,  Jackson's  Division. 

Wayland,  J.  Finks,  enlisted  July  4,  1861;  3d  Battalion  Virginia  Light 
Artillery,  Ewell's  Brigade,  Jackson's  Division;  wounded  and 
captured  at  Spotsylvania  C.  H.,  May  12,  '64;  held  at  Fort  Del- 
aware; discharged  May  25,  '65. 

Wheeler,  D.  H.,  enlisted  May  20,  1861;  Co.  E,  49th  Virginia  Infan- 
try, Wise's  Brigade,  Johnston's  Division. 

Wheeler,  J.  J.,  enlisted  February  14,  1862;  Co.  G,  5th  Virginia  Cav- 
alry, Lomax's  Brigade,  Fitz  Lee's  Division. 

White,  J.  C.,  enlisted  April,  1861;  10th  Virginia  Cavalry,  Stewart's 
Brigade,  W.  H.  Lee's  Division;  wounded  at  Butl  Run. 

W'hite,  N.  V.,  enlisted  April,  1861;  loth  Virginia  Cavalry,  Stewart's 
Brigade,  W.  H.  Lee's  Division. 


310  APPENDIX 


— 

1«B;  h«fd  at  Alton,  Illinois.  Virginia  Light 

July    3. 


;  held  at  Point  Lookout  Cay. 

;:     discharged    May 


Wrenn!^eph  T..  enlisted  1S64;  Co.  B.  1st  Virginia  Reserve, 

August.   20.    IK*;    19th   Virginia    Infan- 


Co.    D.   46th   Virginia   Infan- 

3   Ben^teed     1861;    Southall's     Battalion    Artillery:      dis- 

-Unlisted  1864,  Co.  K.  *»*  Vn^nia  l 
Pegram's  Brigade.  E  well's  Division:  wounded  Isbo.  at 
ers  Run. 


rs...      cLLii=ut^      -  .      f  ,  -p-.- 

vision-    captured    1S63.    at    Hewlett's    Farm:    held   at    Elmira. 

\Vood.  Joseph  T.,  enlisted  1S61:  Co.  F.  13th  \irgmia  Infantry, 
Elzy's  Brigade.  A.  P.  Hill's  Division:  third  lieutenant:  dis- 
charged 1862. 

Wood.  R.  A.,  enlisted  May  4.  1S61:  Co.  F.  7th  Virginia  Infantry. 
Hunton's  Brigade.  Pickett's  Division:  wounded  and  captured 
at  Fraziers  Farm.  June  2.  1862;  held  at  Fort"  Delaware. 

Wood,  Robert  E..  enlisted  spring  of  1861:  Co.  F.  7th  Virginia  In- 
fantry. Longstreet's  Brigade.  Pickett's  Division;  wounded  and 
captured  at  Gaines  Mills.  1S63:  held  at  Governors  Island. 

Wood,  T.  H..  enlisted  May  1.  1S»51.  Battery  C.  Virginia  Light  Ar- 
tillery, Xelson's  Brigade.  Pendleton's  Division:  wounded  at 
Kellys  Ford.  March  17.  ISA. 

Wood.  Z.  T.,  enlisted  April  1.  1S61:  Co.  E.  52d  Virginia.  Johnston's 
Brigade.  Jackson's  Division. 

Wood.  Wilson   D..   enlisted   May.   1S62:   Co.   K.   2d  Virginia   Infantry, 
Wickham's   Brigade.    Fitz   Lee's   Division;  wounded   M< 
at  Spotsylvania. 

Woodson,    Powhatan,    enlisted    May   20,    1861:    Co.    B,    34th    Virginia 
Infantry.    Wise's     Brigade.    Johnson's    Division:     captured    tune 
at   Petersburg:  held  at  Palmyra.   New  York. 

Woodson.  William  F..  enlisted  February  1.  1862.  Co.  B.  34th  Vir- 
gicria  Infantry,  Wise's  Brigade.  Johnston's  Division:  discharged 
June  2.5.  1865. 

Wooledge.  W.  W..  enlisted  1861:  Co.  A.  13th  Virginia  Infantry, 
ELry's  Brigade.  A.  P.  Hill's  Dfvision:  detailed  in  1862  as  wagon 
master  and  purchasing  agent. 

Worthmgton,    C.    A.,    enlist  C,    1st    Mary-land    Infantry; 

captain:    captured   in    Maryland    1861;   held    in    Washington:    dis- 
char.  I;    re-enlisted    1864,    Co.    A.    1st    Maryland    Battalion 

Cavalry.    Johnson's    Brigade.    Lomax's    Division;    wounded    1864. 


Appendix,  Part  II 


SUPPLEMENTAL  AND  CORRECTED  LISTS  FROM  THE  REC- 
ORDS IN  THE  OFFICE  OF  THE  CLERK  OF  THE  CIRCUIT 
COURT  OF  ALBEMARLE  COUNTY. 

The  foregoing  part  of  this  appendix  contains  the  lists,  or  partial 
lists,  of  four  or  five  companies  not  spread  upon  the  county  records. 
The  county  records,  on  the  other  hand,  contain  lists  of  three  or  four 
companies  not  found  in  the  foregoing  part  of  this  appendix-  The 
count}*  records  also  give  many  additional  names  for  some  of  the 
companies  already  set  out.  We  have  inserted  all  these  additional 
names  below,  as  well  as  the  lists  of  the  three  or  four  companies 
found  only  in  the  county  records.  Taking  this  appendix  altogether, 
it  now  furnishes  the  most  complete  roster  that  will  ever  be  given, 
perhaps,  of  Confederate  soldiers  who  served  from  Charlottesville  and 
Albemarle.  The  lists  in  the  clerk's  office  are  interspersed  with  con- 
siderable historic  data  respecting  the  various  organizations  which 
we  are  not  able  to  include  here  owing  to  lack  of  space. 

COMPANY  B,  NINETEENTH  VIRGINIA  INFANTRY. 

Captain.  R.  T.  \V.  Duke;  elected  Colonel  46th  Virginia  Regiment- 
First  lieutenant.  John  L.  Cochran;  elected  Captain- 
Second  lieutenant   R-  West  Wirt;  promoted  to   Captain. 
Third   lieutenant,  Chas.   W.   Wayt;   died    1*91. 
Orderly   sergeant.   Wm.  Alexander :   killed   March   2&th,   1865. 
Second"  sergeant.   G.   W.   Spooner:  afterwards   Sergeant   Major. 
Third  sergeant.   T.  W.  Lipop;  died  after  war. 
Fourth  sergeant,  Bennett  TaA-lor;  promoted  Lieutenant  Colonel  19th 

Regiment. 

S.  M.  Keller;  detailed  in  1- 
Third   corporal.  J.  W.  Dolin;  then   Sergeant. 
W.   T.  Twyman:  dead. 
Quartermaster,   P.  Jacheri;   dead. 

PRIVATES. 

Bibb.  James  T.;  dead. 

Barker.  John   E.;   in   Roncerverte  in   1895. 

Bowyer.   L.   R.:  killed  at   Gettysburg. 

Barker.  Wm. :   dead. 

Blackwell.  Joseph. 

Bellamy.   Lewis   W.;   wounded  by  falling  from  train. 

Bellamy,  John:   in  Alexandria,  Va.   (1894). 

Barker,  Archie;  dead. 

Cornell.  W.  P.;   assigned   to  Ordnance  Department. 

Cravey.  Peter  H.:  died   l»~ 

Cox.    Lucien    H.;   accidentally   killed   while    on   furlough, 

Crigler.  H.  T.:  promoted  to  Post  Office  Department. 

Clark.   Henry:   dead. 

Craven.  A.  j.:  made   Second   Comm.   Sergt. 

Cochran,  John   L.;   made   Captain. 


312  APPENDIX,    PART   II 

Daniel,  James  L. ;  killed. 

Day,    Samuel    R.:    died  at   home. 

Dunnaway,   \Y.:    Rockbridge    Co.,   Va. 

Durrett,  James  M.;  killed  at  Frazier   Farm,  1862. 

Dudley,  John   \V.:   died  at  hospital   1861. 

Dunn,    Edward:   killed. 

Dunn,   Pink;   died   in   1890. 

Dunn,  Luther  M.;   Hinton,  W.  Va. 

Darden;  killed  by  falling  from  cars. 

Frey,   Charles  T.;   dead. 

Ford,    Charlie;   dead. 

Frazier,  Z.  Lee;  wounded  at   Frazier  Farm. 

Garnett,   George  \Y.;  died  in  Texas. 

Garten,  S.  F.;  in  Valley  of  Virginia  preaching  Gospel. 

Garrison,  Tyree    E.;   Albemarle    County. 

Goodman,   David    R. ;   wounded. 

Gordon,   Wm.    F.:   never   enlisted;   clerk   of    House   of   Delegates;   in 

Texas. 

Garth,  James. 
Garth.   William;  wounded. 
Hamner,   N.   B.;   killed  at   Williamsburg. 
Hamner.    B.:    killed    at    Boonesboro. 
Hamner,   W.    P.;   promoted    Lieutenant. 
Holloday,  J.   M.;  died  since  war. 
Hoppe,    F.    A.;   dead. 
Hawley.    John    A. 
Hughes.  John. 

Harris.   Bernard;   wounded   at   Gettysburg. 
Harris,    William;    killed    at    Chancellorsville. 
Jones.  George  T.;  promoted:  Reg.  and  Brig.  Quarter  Master. 
Jones,   Horace   W.;  promoted:    Major  and  C.   Commissary. 
Johnson.    M.    D.;   wounded  and   killed  at    Hatcher's    Run. 
Jordan.  John   D.;   killed   at   second    Manassas. 
Jarman,  John  L. :  in  Charlottesville,  Va.  1895. 
Jones.  William:  killed  at  Bermuda. 
Jones.  James    D.;   discharged. 
Keiley,  Pat;  dead. 
Keiley,  John;  died  from  wounds. 

Keblinger,    Wilber  J.;    wounded   in    Pickett's   Charge   at    Gettysburg. 
Keller,   S.   M.;  dead. 

Kidd,  B.  W.;  transferred  to  Albemarle  Light  Horse. 
Laine,   Thomas    E.;   died    1862. 

Lindenborne.    P.;    killed    at    South    Mountain,    Md. 
Lumsden,   Wm.   J.;   killed   at   South    Mountain,    Md. 
Lightner,  John;   died   since   the   war. 
Lipop.  J.  W.,  sergeant;  died  at  home  since  the  war. 
Lumsden.  Dick;  badly  wounded  and  discharged. 
Leake,   Walker;    killed    at   Gaine's    Mill. 
Marcellus    Johnson,    dead. 
Marchant.  James   B.;  died  in  1873. 
Mooney.   James    M.;   died   in    1888. 
Moore.   J.   B.;   died   in   1893. 
Munday,   Samuel;  lives  at  Trevillians    (1895). 
Mullen,   W..  sergeant:  killed  at  Seven   Pines. 
Michie,   H.   Clay;    Captain   56th   Virginia   Regiment. 
Morris,   Alec;   killed   at    Gettysburg. 


APPENDIX,   PART  II  313 

Meeks,   Lewis;   dead.  Moon,  James  H.;  Scottsville,  Va. 

Munday,  R.  H.;   served  two  months,  then  discharged. 

Xoel.  John;  killed   at  Cold   Harbor. 

O'Brien,   Timothy;    deserted   in    Howlett    House   line. 

O'Connor,   Mike;  dead,  wounded  at  Gettysburg. 

Pearsons,  J.  T.;  near  Augusta  Co.,  Va. 

Pearsons,  E.  J.;  killed  at  Hatcher's  Run. 

Points,  Polk;  wounded  at  Gettysburg,  afterwards  died  from  wounds. 

Porter,  L.  P.;  died  from  wounds. 

Points,    Leonidas;  died  during  the  war. 

Railey,   Wm.   B.;   served  one   year. 

Robertson,  John   A.;   discharged   on  account  of  ill   health. 

Rodes,   Walker;  killed. 

Robertson,   Wm.    J. ;    died    from    wounds. 

Reynolds,  R.  F.;  killed  at  Sharpsburg. 

Richards;  killed  at   South   Mountain,  Md.          Ross,   Wm. 

Robertson,  James  H.;  detailed  in  1895.  Ross,    Daniel. 

Robertson,    Rev.   James;    dead. 

Randolph,    Dr.    W.    C.    N.;    Charlottesville. 

Seiler,  Samuel;  in  Albemarle  County  Co.  (1895). 

Shepherd,   M.  J.;  killed  at   Boonsboro. 

Shepherd,   D.   S.;   killed  at   Boonsboro. 

Shepherd.  Wm.  H.;  died  since  war. 

Sutler,  W.   M.;   deserted  and   then  joined  cavalry. 

Smith,   Thos.    H.;    died   in    Charlottesville,    1897. 

Sutler,  Asa;  wounded  at  Gaine's  Mill. 

Sutler,  John  T.;  wounded  at   Gettysburg. 

Stephens,   John    R. ;   in   King  and   Queen   1895. 

Sprouse,  G.  W.,  first  sergeant;  in  Charlottesville  1895. 

Thomas,   Wm.;  dead. 

Taylor,    E.   G. ;   promoted,   Gettysburg. 

Terrell,  G.  W.;  in  Baltimore  in  1894. 

Tombs,   Geo.    P.;  died   since   war.  Thomas;   killed. 

Thompson,   Thomas;   died   since   the   war.         True,  John. 

Twyman,  W.  T. ;  promoted   Guard.   Sgt.,   dead. 

Thomas,  Wm.;  dead.  Wallace,  John   L  ;    Post  Carrier. 

Wolfe,  Luther  T.,  sergeant  major;  killed  at  second  Cold   Harbor. 

Whitesel,  D.;  killed  at  Gettysburg. 

Watkins.  J.  T.;  died  in   1894. 

Wheeler,  B.   F.;  wounded  at  first   Manassas. 

Walton,    Richmond;   in   Augusta    Co.,    Va.,   near   Shenandoah    1895. 

Wood,    Richard;   killed    in    Pennsylvania. 

Conscripted   in    1864. 

Scott,  John.  Humphreys;  dead. 

Lewis.    Henry.  White. 

Hall. 

Transferred  from  Cavalry. 

Alrick.  Brittle,  Peyton;  Xelson  County. 

Achres;  in   Petersburg  in   1895.        Jesse    Porter. 
Harrapp,   Tom.  Rosser. 

Garrett. 

Proved  by  the  oath  of  J.  W.  Dolin,  third  sergeant  of  19th   Regi- 
ment   Co.     B. 

Teste:    D,  W.  Burnley,  Deputy  for  W.  L.   Maupin,  Clerk 


314  APPENDIX,    PART   II 

THE  MONTICELLO   GUARD. 

COMPANY  A,  NINETEENTH  VIRGINIA  INFANTRY. 
(Additional  to  Roll  on  p.  283,  ante.) 

Wingfield,  Thos.   F.,   fourth   sergeant;   served   through  the  war. 
Bailey,  Rice  G.,  quartermaster  sergeant;  discharged  in  '61;  over  age. 
Perley,   James,   second   corporal;    served   through   the    war. 
Gulley,  George  A.,  third  corporal;  served  through  the  war. 

PRIVATES. 

Burkhead,  Joseph   R. ;   died   in   Soldier's   Home,   age  90  years. 

Collier,   John    W.    H.;    deserted;    living. 

Collier,  James;  killed  at  Seven   Pines. 

Crank,   George    L. ;   transferred   to    Cavalry. 

Cloar,  John  W. 

Christian,  John  J.;  killed. 

Juller,  Joseph;  died  of  disease. 

Franks,   Wm.    B.;   detailed   in   1862. 

Goolsby,  James   M.;   served   through   the   war. 

Goodwin,   Lewis  C.;   detailed;   now  dead. 

Jones,  Lucian   S.;   killed   at   Gettysburg. 

Lee,  John  W. ;  died   since  war. 

Mallory,    Joseph    E.;    promoted    to    Second    Lieutenant. 

McMullen,  J.   W.;  died  of  disease. 

McMullen,   G.  A.;  died  of  disease. 

Maury,  Wirt  M.;  died  since  war. 

Mooney,  T.  J.;  served  through  war. 

Points,    Polk;   killed   at    Gettysburg. 

Pearce,  John    Newton;    served   through   the   war. 

Payne,  Wm.   C.   (still   living). 

Points,  Jas.  D. 

Quicks,   Jas.    M.;    promoted    to    Second    Lieutenant. 

Remsbaugh,  Jacob;  dead. 

Shannon,   Pat;   served   through   the   war. 

Sales,    Mathews    G.;    dead. 

Trotter,  Louis  C. 

Vandergrift,   Christian   W.;   wounded   at   Williamsburg. 

Wilkins,  Geo.   W. ;   transferred;  died  in   Charlottesville. 

Webb,  W.  W.;  served  through  war. 

Webb,  W.  C.;  bugler    (still  living). 

Webb,  Geo.  S.;  transferred  to  Co.  K. 

Wood,  W.  N.;  promoted  to  First  Lieutenant. 

Williams,   T.   J.    (still   living). 

Harman,  Chas.   H.;  detailed. 

Hudson,    Andrew;    detailed. 

Added   at    Reorganization    1862. 

Brown,  A.  J.  Humphries,  J.  E. 

Birkhead.  J.  F.  Lane,  T.   E. 

Birkhead.   X.   F.  Thomas,  J.  W. 

Copeland.  X.  F.  Bowen,  Jno.   A 
Lane,   Lorenzo. 


APPENDIX,   PART   II  315 

Added  in   May   18631. 

Brooks,  A.  J.;  served  through  war. 

Wingfield,  T.    F.;   died  at  home. 

Haw,    Thos. ;    deserted. 

Leaky,   Daniel. 

Harrison.  C.   H.;  served  through  war. 

Harlow,   G.   N.;   deserted. 

Herron,  W.  A.;   served  through  war. 

Dudley,   Wm.;    dead. 

Dennis,  J.    M. 

Added  in  October  1863. 

Harlow,  Jas.  M.;  dead.  Jones,  Jas.   H.;   substitute. 

Herron,  I.  A.  Roades,   C.   W.;  wounded. 

Added  in  April  1864. 
Click,  Wm.  Baldwin.  Wirt. 

THE    CHARLOTTESVILLE    SILVER   CORNET   BAND. 

(Enlisted   in   the   Monticello    Guard.) 

The  Charlottesville  Silver  Cornet  Band  enlisted  in  Co.  A,  19th 
Virginia  (Monticello  Guard)  and  Jeft  with  it  for  Culpeper  Court 
House,  Va.,  on  the  return  of  the  Company  from  Harpers  Ferry. 
The  band  constituted  a  part  of  Co.  A,  but  acted  as  Regimental 
Band.  It  was  considered  the  best  band  in  the  Army  of  Northern 
Virginia  with  the  exception  of  the  1st  Regiment  Virginia  Infantry 
Band.  As  the  band  only  enlisted  for  one  year,  at  its  expiration 
most  of  the  members  scattered  to  other  organizations.  W.  C.  Webb 
became  Regimental  Bugler  for  the  19th,  retaining  his  member;  hip 
in  Co.  A,  and  his  brother  G.  S.  Webb  reenlisted  in  Co.  B,  19th  Vir- 
ginia. 

MEMBERS. 

G.  A.   Tetlow,   first  cornet  and   band   master;    died   since   war. 

James  Munday,  first  B.  flat  cornet;  died  since  war  (drowned). 

Wm.   H.  Johnson,  second   B.  flat  cornet;   died  since  war. 

Wm.  C.  Webb,  first  E.  flat  alto;  business  manager   (still   living). 

James  T.  Johnson,  first   B.  flat  tenor;  died  since  war. 

Richard   Hughes,  second  B.  flat  tenor;  died  since  war. 

Thomas,   Dolin   B.     flat  baritone;   died  since   war. 

John  Wesley  Johnson,  first  B.  flat  bass  (now  living  in  Charlottes- 
ville). 

William   Dolin,  snare  drummer    (now   living  in    Brooklyn,   N.   Y.) 

James  Curtis,  cymbals. 

George  S.  Webb,  bass  drummer  (transferred  to  Co.  K,  19th  Vir- 
ginia). 

BLUE  RIDGE  RIFLES. 

COMPANY    K,    NINETEENTH    VIRGINIA   INFANTRY. 
(Additional  to  Roll  on  p.  284,  ante.) 

Captain,  Rea,  Jno.  R.;  died   since  war. 
Second    lieutenant,    Rails,   Chas.    E.;   died    since    war. 
Third   lieutenant,   Dettor,  Wm.    F.;   still   living. 
Abell,    M.    L.,   private;   killed   at.  Cold    Harbor,    18G4. 


316  APPENDIX,    PART   II 

Alander,   W.   A.,   sergeant;    died   in   service. 

Baber,   Samuel,   private;   wounded. 

Burch,    R.    H.,    corporal;    died    since    war. 

Clark,    Ed.,   private;    died   since   war. 

Cleveland,  J.  T.,  private;  died  since  war. 

Cranwell,  Henry,  private;  died  since  war. 

Davis,   Geo.    D.,   private;   died   since   war. 

Fettor,  A.  C.,  private;  died  since  war. 

Fisher,   W.  J.,   private,   died   since   war. 

Foster,   Geo.   A.   J.,  private;   still   living. 

Garrison,   Jno.,   private;    still    living. 

Gibson,    Wesley,    died    since    war. 

Gibson,  J.   E.,   private;   fate   unknown. 

Gibson,   Alex,  private;   killed  just  before   Cold   Harbor. 

Gibson,  Joel,   private;    still   living. 

Gilliam,   T.    Mann,   private;    still    living. 

Harlow,  J.   M.;   private;  died  at  Soldiers'  Home. 

Harris,   Ben,  private;   still   living. 

Harris,   Wm.,   private;   killed. 

Hawkins,  R.  A.,  private;  died  since  war. 

Hawkins,   R.  A.,   Jr.,   private;   died   since   war. 

Hawkins,  S.  A.,  private;  died  since  war. 

Hays,  Thos.,  private;  killed. 

Herron,   Willis   A.,  private;   died   since   war. 

Hecks,   R.  M.,  sergeant;  died  since  war. 

Johnson,   Jas.,   private;    disappeared    during    war. 

Jones,   Francis,  private,  died   since   war. 

Kennon,   H.   A.,   sergeant;   died   since   war. 

Keyton,  Ben,  drummer. 

Kane,  Jas.,  private;  still  living,  Afton,  Va. 

Leake,  J.   Samuel,  private;   died   since   war. 

Lindsay,   A.    D.;    corporal;    died    since    war. 

McCauley,   Ryland,  private;   died  since  war. 

McSparran,    Robt.    M.,   corporal;    killed    at    Booneboro,    1862. 

Martin,  W.  L.,  private;   died   since  war. 

Martin,  Jas.  G.,  private;  badly  wounded. 

Martin,  Jno.  A.,  private;  died  since  war. 

Mathews,   Jno.,  private;   nothing  known   of  him. 

Morrisett,   P.    F.,  private;    died   since   war. 

Morrisett,  J.  M.,  private;  died  since  war. 

Moyer,  Jacob,  private;  died  in  service. 

Railey,  W.   B.,  sergeant. 

Rea,    Absalom,    private;    died. 

Reynolds,  J.   R.,  private;   died   since  war. 

Robertson,  Jas.   H.;  private;  died  in   1906. 

Robertson,  Rev.  J.  C.,  private;  died. 

Robinson.   J.    F.,   private;   died. 

Rothwell,   F.   E.,  private;   died   since  war. 

Scott,  Jas.  M.,  private;   killed. 

Scott,  private;  killed. 

Shepherd,   Robt.,  private;   died    1861. 

Shepherd,  Wm.   B.,   private;    died    1861. 

Sprouse,  private;   fate  unknown. 

Thacker,   Frank,  private;   died   since   war. 

Taylor,    Randall,   private;    killed    1864. 

Tilliman,  Wm.  X.;  private;  accidentally  shot 


APPENDIX,   PART   II  317 

Tisdale,    Lewis,   private;    died    since  .  war. 
Wayland,  W.  R.,  private;   accidentally   shot. 
Webb,  Geo.   S.,  private;  still  living. 
Wheeler,  A.  S.,  corporal;  fate  unknown. 
Wood,  W.   D.,  private;  died  since  war. 
Wood,  J.  M.,  private;  still  living. 
Wood,   Richard,  private;   died   since  war. 
Woolford,    Henry,  private;   still   living. 
Woodson,   J.   L.,   private;    still   living. 
Wyant,   J.   D.,  private;   died   since   war. 
Yancey,  J.  R.,  sergeant;  supposed  to  be  dead. 
Yancey,   Chas.   K.,  private;   died   since   war. 
A  German,   recent   (unkown);   disappeared. 
A   German    (Sub.   for  Cleveland);   disappeared. 
A  German  (Sub.  for  J.  A.  Yancey);  disappeared. 

COMPANY    "E,"    THE    PIEDMONT    GUARDS,    NINETEENTH 
VIRGINIA  INFANTRY. 

(Additional  to  Roll  on  p.  284,  ante.) 
OFFICERS. 

Captain,  Charles  S.  Peyton;  wounded  at  Second  Manassas. 

First  lieutenant,  William  R.   Pritchett;  died  of  smallpox  March  3rd, 

1863. 

Third  lieutenant,   Benjamin  W.  Thurman. 
First  sergeant,   Albert  G.  Taylor;   accidentally  shot. 
Second  sergeant,  Anthony  Foster;  discharged  over  35  years  of  age. 
James   Salmon;  killed  at   Hatchers  Run,  March,   1865. 
First  corporal,  Robert  M.  Gilbert;  died  at  Cold  Harbor. 
Second   corporal,   Samuel   W.    Edwards. 
Third   corporal,  James  J.   Sandridge;  wounded. 
Fourth  corporal,   Reuben  P.  Ferguson;;   wounded. 

PRIVATES. 

Bowles,   John  W. ;   detailed   brigade  blacksmith. 

Bellamy,   Andrew  J. 

Brockman,  James    P. 

Brockman,    Bertley;    severely   wounded   at    Second    Manassas. 

Butler,  Jacob   W.;   killed. 

Brockman,    Waller    D.;    died    at    home. 

Beck,   Thomas  J.;   died   Sept.   14th,   1861. 

Bramham,   John    H. 

Bramham,  James  G.;  severely  wounded. 

Garden,   William   B.;   killed. 

Garden,  John  A.;  wounded. 

Corden,  A.  J. 

Carpenter,  John  F.;  killed  at  Gettysburg. 

Condrey,  Jony. 

Carver,  James   C.;   died. 

Dowell,  Major  M. 

Durrett.  Thomas  D. 

Dowell,    R.    E. 

Dowell,  Ezekiel. 

Duncan,  J.  B. 

Draper,  John;  discharged   on  regular  detail. 


318  APPENDIX,    PART   II 

Edwards,  Tazewell  S.;  discharged. 

Edwards,   Brice  J.;  wounded  in  head. 

Eastin,  Henry;  killed. 

Easten,   Granvills;  wounded  and   died   from  wounds. 

Eheart,  Adam   Gratten;  wounded  in  left  arm. 

Eastham,    David   C.;   promoted   to   fifth    sergeant. 

Ferguson,  Charles  M. 

Flynt,  James  T.;  wounded. 

Flynt,  William   D.;  wounded  in  right  arm. 

Gilbert,   Beverly;  wounded. 

Gerold,  Garland  F.;  wounded. 

Garnett,  William  J.;  wounded  in  right  arm. 

Garnett,    Milton. 

Gregory,    Benjamin   F. 

Gore,  James;  discharged. 

Goss,   Ebenezer. 

Harlow,  Samuel   M. 

Herring,  Henry  A.,  detailed  brigade  teamster. 

Herring,   John    Henry. 

Hill,  William  H.;  wounded  in  Second   Manassas. 

Hall,   Henry  J.;  killed. 

Hall,  William   S.;  wounded. 

Hill,  Joseph   M. 

Hall,   E.   B.;   honorably  discharged. 

Harlow,   Lucian   M. 

Johnson,  W.  W.;  died  in  the  service. 

Jones,  B.  C. 

Kendricks,    J.    M. 

Kite,  William  H.;  enlisted  Oct.  30,  1864,  transferred  to  39th  Battal- 
ion, Virginia  Cavalry. 

Leake,  William  J.;  enlisted  May  10th,  1861. 

Leake,  John  W.;  wounded  May  5,  1862,  at  Williamsburg,  mortally 
wounded  in  battle  at  Seven  Pines,  June  1st,  1862,  died  from 
wounds. 

Lane,   Nehemiah;   detailed  to  other  services. 

LeTellier,  Joseph  C.;  wounded  in  battle  of  Gettysburg,  July  3,  1S63. 

LeTellier,  William  B.;  promoted  second  lieut. ;  wounded,  captured, 
and  died  in  hospital,  April  26th,  1862. 

Madison,  James  A.;  captured  at  Yorktown. 

Mundat,  Johnathan  B.;  wounded  in  battle  of  Gettysburg,  July  3, 
1863. 

Munday,   Isaac   L. ;   enlisted   May  10th,  1861. 

Munday,  Thomas  Walker,  promoted  to  second  lieut.  and  wounded 
and  killed  in  1863. 

Munday,  Henry  B.;  died   Nov.  3,  1861. 

Meeks,    Henry   M.;    captured   at   Yorktown. 

Mahanes,  Tavenor  O.;  wounded  at  Gettysburg. 

Mitchell,  W.  F. 

Martin,  Timothy. 

McCleune,  H.  T. 

McCleune,  W.  M. 
-  Nprvell,  Joseph    B.;   captured   and   killed   at   Gettysburg. 

Nimmo,    Hiram;    enlisted    March    15th,    1862,    deserted    April    6,    1S62. 

Freddy,  James. 

Pritchett,   Bellfield,  wounded  3  times. 

Pritchett,  James  D.;  wounded. 


APPENDIX,   PART   II  319 

Freddy,  Obadiah;  discharged;  over  age. 

Routt,  O.  P. 

Simms,   William   J.;   captured    at    Yorktown. 

Smith,  James  A.;  enlisted  May  10th,  1861. 

Sampson,    George    W. 

Salom,    Thomas    B.;    detailed    at    Chimborazo    hospital. 

Thomas,  Tazewell   S.;   died  Aug.  3,  1862  in  hospital. 

Thomas.  Jerry;   died  at  home  of  typhoid  fever. 

Thomas.  James  C;  died  at  home. 

Taylor,  John    R.  killed   at   Gettysburg  July   3,  1863. 

Twyman,  Travis;   captured   at  Yorktown. 

Teel,  Lewis;  discharged  under  age. 

Wood,  James  F.;  detailed  teamster. 

Wood,    Marian;  badly  wounded  June  27th,   1862. 

Wood,   W.    M.;   detailed   teamster. 

Wood,  W.  L. 

Wood,   C.  T.;  enlisted   October  16,   1864. 

Wood,    William;    killed    in    battle. 

Wood   Lemuel   E.;  promoted   to   Second   Lieutenant. 

Wood,   Washington,   enlisted    May   10th,   1861. 

Zibinia,  Antonia;  killed  at  Second   Manassas. 

COMPANY  I,  SEVENTH  VIRGINIA  INFANTRY,  C.  S.  A. 

(Additional    to    Roll    on    p.    294,    ante.) 
PRIVATES. 

Brown,  B.  G.;  second  lieutenant.     Etherton   D.   O.;    third   sergeant. 

Brown,  Wm.  A.;  fourth  sergeant.    Fretwell,   B.   F.;   second  corporal. 

Brown,  C.  B.;  fifth  sergeant.             Golding,  T.  J.  O.;  sergeant. 

Blackwell,   H.   C.  Herndon,  Wm.  H. 

Bailey,   T.  J.  Lasly,    Hamilton. 

Belew.  J.  T.  Maupin,  W.   B.;   third   lieutenant. 

Brown,  W.   H.   H.  Maupin,  Carson. 

Brown,   B.   G.  Parrott,   W.    N. ;   fourth   corporal. 

Brown,   W.    G.  Rodes,  J.   W. ;   first  lieutenant. 

Ballow,   Marian.  Winn,  J.  J.;  captain. 

Clark,  J.   S.  Wyant,  J.   E.;   second   sergeant. 

Dove,  David.  Walters,  W.   P.;   first   corporal. 

Clements,  W.  S.  Wood,   S.    F. 

Clements,  Joe. 

BORDER   GUARDS. 

COMPANY  D,  FORTY-SIXTH  VIRGINIA  INFANTRY,  WISE  BRIGADE. 

(Additional    to    Roll   on    p.    297,   ante.) 

PRIVATES. 

Bailey,  James   H.  McCauley,  M.  R. 

Garrison,   Frank  W.  Barnett,   Anderson;   died  in   S.   C. 

Madison,  John  W.;  killed  at  Petersburg. 

Donald,   Jack.  Kollette,   Frank. 

Easton,  John   D.  Lane. 

Joice,  Thomas. 


320  APPENDIX,    PART   II 

ALBEMARLE  LIGHT  HORSE. 

COMPANY    K,    SECOND    REGIMENT,   VIRGINIA    CAVALRY,    C/ S.    A. 
(Additional  to   Roll  on  p.  290,  ante.) 

PRIVATES. 

Allegree,  Albert  G. 
Anderson,    David;   died   after   war. 
Brown,   Ezra   M.;   wounded    twice. 
Bishop,  Wm.;  wounded. 
Burnley,  Wm.  H.;  wounded  twice. 
Bodeker,    A.;    died    since   war. 
Bodeker,   Wm. ;    died    since   war. 
Bragg,  James   M. 
Byars,    Elwood. 

Ballard,  James   H.;   fourth   last  captain;  wounded   several   times. 
Ballard,  Thos.  Edgar;  died  since  war. 
Boston,   Reuben;   killed. 
Brockman,  T.   B. 

Boston,    Fountain;   died   after   war. 
Boston,  James   N;   died  after  war. 
Bibb,  John   R.,  died  after  war. 
Creel,    Benjamin. 
Carter,  John   P.;  wounded. 
Colston,  Edward;  wounded. 
Cleveland,    Hames;   wounded. 
Cole,  John  G. 

Carr,   R.    Henry,   commonly   called   "Brig." 
Clark,  Christopher;  killed. 
Clark,  Wilber  F. 

Clarkson,   Joseph;   died   after  war. 
Cave,    Benj.    B.;   wounded. 

Carr,  F.  E.  G.;  first  lieutenant  of  Co.  1861-2;  died  since  war. 
Davis,  Fontaine  B. 
Day,  John   B. 
Dolin,   Robert;   sergeant. 
Dolin,  James. 
Duke,  George  W. 

Daniel,   Montgomery;   died   since  war. 
Dunn,    Pascal. 

Daniel,  H.  Vattel;  died   since  war. 
Daniel,  John  M.;  wounded. 
Davis,  Eugene;  captain. 
English,tWm.  O. 
Eastharri,  James;  died  since  war. 
Ferguson,  Reuben. 
Ford,  Charles,  orderly  sergeant. 
Fry,  Jesse  L.;  died  1901. 
Fitz,  James  L. 

Ferneyhough,   Geo.   N.;  died   1902. 
Fielding,  John  J. 
Gordon,  Mason;  corporal. 
Gooch,  Willis  H.;  second  lieutenant  of  Co.,  died  1902,  wounded  three 

times  in  battle. 
Gentry,  James;  wounded. 
Gentry,  Charles. 


APPENDIX,   PART  II  321 

Garth,  Hugh;  killed. 

Geiger,  George  H.;  first  lieutenant,  killed  at  Gettysburg. 

George,  Tucker.  C.;  died  1899. 

Gooch,  Octavius;  died  since  war. 

Harris,  James  O.;  died  since  war. 

Haden,  Lilburn. 

Haden,  Joel;  wounded. 

Haden,  Osborne. 

Hall.  John  E. 

Hancock,  David  E.;  died  since  war. 

Hopkins,  John  S.;  captured  at  Gettysburg. 

Harrison,   Peachy  G.;  sergeant. 

Holcombe,  Wm.  J.;   died   1901. 

Hodges.    James. 

Harris,    William;    killed. 

Howe,   Howison. 

Howard,  Douglas:  oldest  member  of  Co.,  died  after  war. 

Head,  Mercea;  died  since  war. 

Head,  Montgomery;  died  since  war. 

Head,   Algretas. 

Jacobs,  James;  killed. 

Jones,  John  D.;   died   since  war. 

Johnson,  Joseph;  wounded. 

Kidd,    Benj.   W. 

Lasley,  John;  third  captain  of  Co.;  killed  at  Front  Royal,  Sept.,  1S65. 

Lewis,   Robert  W.:   died   1901. 

Minor,   Richmond   Terrell. 

Marshall,   Patrick   H. 

Maddox,  John  C. 

Morton,  James   M.;  wounded. 

Moss,  J.   B.  T. 

Michie,  Henry  Clay. 

Maupin,  Wm.  B.;  wounded. 

Michie,    Octavius;    killed. 

Minor,   Frank;   wounded. 

Mapie,   Nathaniel    Hardin;   died   since  war. 

Nelson,   Hugh;   wounded. 

Noland,    Lloyd;   died   since   war. 

Newman,    Nathaniel. 

Nelson,  Kinlock;   died  after  war. 

Norvell,   Polk;   died  of  fever. 

Peyton,   Eugene   O.;   died    August,   1899. 

Porter,  H.  D.;  died  since  war. 

Page,  Thomas   W.;  died   since  war. 

Powell,  Hunter. 

Powell,  Ceraleton   P. 

Perkins,  Joseph;   wounded. 

Peyton,  Thomas  P.;  died  after  war. 

Pace.    Minor;   died    since   war. 

Proffitt,   James   A.;    died   since   war. 

Rogers,  J.   Thornton;   wounded. 

Rogers,  William. 

Robertson,   Constantine;   died   during   war. 

Reynolds,    H.    F. 

Reynolds,   Chesney;  died   1861. 

Rogers,   John   A.;   died   since  war. 


322  APPENDIX,    PART   II 

Randolph,  Thomas  Jefferson;   lieutenant. 

Ramsey,  Albert. 

Scruggs,  James. 

Scruggs,   William. 

Snead,  William. 

Scruggs,  Samuel. 

Snead,  Luther  R. 

Snead,  John  A.;  died  after  war. 

Scruggs,  Scott. 

Salmon,  John   H.;   died   after  war. 

Simms,   William;    died   after   war. 

Taylor,  A.  J. 

Taylor,  B.  Warwick. 

Teel,  Lewis. 

Tucker,  James. 

Tompkins,  Alexander  C. 

Taylor,  Alexander. 

Thompson,  James. 

Taylor,  John;  died  since  war. 

Via,  Wade  R. 

Wood,  Wm.  H. 

Wood,   Wilson   D.;   wounded. 

White,   Frank;  died  during  war. 

Woods,  James  T. 

Woods,  Micajah. 

Wheeler,  W.   Dyer. 

Wills,  Fred  M. 

Wyant,  Wm.  C. 

Willis,  John. 

Walker,  James  M. 

Williams,  J.   Edward. 

Wood,  George. 

Wood,  John. 

Wood,  W.  Durrett. 

Woods,  James. 

Wheeler,  Wm. 

Watson,  John;   mortally  wounded. 

Wright,  Wm.  G.;  died  since  war. 

Young,   William. 

COMPANY  F,  TENTH  VIRGINIA  CAVALRY,  C.  S.  A. 

(Additional  to  Roll  on  p.  291,  ante.) 

Appling,  Edel;  dead.  .Key,  Wm.;  dead. 

Coutter,  George.  Nash,  Alex. 

Elsom,   Wm.;   killed   at    Reams   Station.        Powell,  Levi;   dead. 
Ferguson,  Jas.;  wounded.  Powell,  Lewis;  dead. 

Spears,  George;  wounded.  Roberts,  Milton;  dead. 

Goodloe,  A.  M.;  dead.  Rudasyl,  Jas.;  dead. 

Hamner,  J.   N.;  dead.  Ransom,  Jas. 

Harmon,  Wm.  Smith,   Gary;   dead. 

Smith,  Wm.  Shelton,   Cliff;  wounded 

Shepherd,  Thomas;  dead.       Stargall,   Henry;   dead.  Suddarth,  Wm. 
Wisscott,    Gid;    killed    at    Brandy    Station    June    9th,    1863. 
Wingfield,  Wilber;  dead.       White,   Newton;  dead.       White,  J.   W.  A. 


APPENDIX,    PART   II 


323 


CHARLOTTESVILLE  ARTILLERY,  CARRINGTON'S 
BATTERY. 

OFFICERS. 

Captain,   Jas.   McDowell    Carrington.  Lieutenant,  James  Dinwiddie. 

Lieutenant,  J.   H.  Timberland;   dead.  Lieutenant,  A.   B.   Cochran. 

Lieutenant,   French  S.   Bibb;   killed.  Lieutenant,   Rodes  Massie. 
Lieutenant,  Frank  W.  Swoop. 


SERGEANTS. 


Harris,  H.  H. 
Harman,  C.  H.  Q.  M.  S. 
Hunter,  John,  Jr. 
Kenneth   McCary;  killed. 
Holladay,   Walter. 


Calvert. 

Spooner,  John  H. 
Harris,  jerry  M. 
Fife,   Herndon. 
Martin,  Pat. 


Wills,  Thomas  C. 
Carrington,  Geo. 
Coffman,  Samuel  F. 
Davis,  W.  T. 
Spooner. 


CORPORALS. 


Wayland,  James  F. 

McCarthy,  Michael. 

Lewis. 

Atkins,  James   H. 

Terrell,   Nathan   A.;   bugler. 


PRIVATES. 


Atkins,   James. 
Abell,  Caleb. 
Berry. 

Birsy,    William. 
Burgoin,    Geo. 
Bishop,    A.    D. 
Bowen,  W.    M. 
Brown.    James. 
Brown,    Lucian    B. 
Barksdale,   J.    Isaac. 
Barksdale,  W.  J. 
Boyden,    Hansford. 
Baylor,  Alex. 
Byers,    Edward. 
Belew;  killed  at  Fort 
Bibb,   J.    H.,   Jr. 
Bibb,   G.  W. 
Brown,  James. 
Baker,   Edward. 
Berry;   captured. 
Cochran,   Geo.   M. 
Clements,    J.    W. 
Channey. 
Cocke,  T.  L.  P. 
Cason,    Ned. 
Craven,   Jesse. 
Cox.  L.  W.  (see  Co. 
Clark,  T.  J. 
Craven,   Dabney. 
Creel,  Jas. 
Dobbins,    Richard. 


Dollins,   R.   H. 

Dodd,    Ben. 

Douglas,   Geo. 

Dillard,   A.    H. 

Deverix,    Alonzo. 

Duke,   R.   W. 

Day,   John    B. 

Duncan,   G.  S. 

Durrett,    Wm.    S.;    killed. 

Elliton,   Fleming. 

Fretwell,    Jno.    A. 

Fitzhugh,   F  .C. 

Ferneyhough,    Milton. 

Flint,   Sim. 
Delaware        Garver. 

Goodwin,   Julius    D. 

Garrison,   Julius. 

Garrison,  John. 

Gruber,   F. 

Goodwin,  John. 

Garrison,    James. 

Gardner,   Ira   B.;   wounded 
Farmville,   April    6,    1865. 

Gillispie;  captured. 

Hornsey. 

Harrison,   Harry. 
D,  46th  Virginia  Infantry). 

Houston,    Arch. 

Houston,   Jno. 

Harlow,  Jno. 

Harding,   W.    M. 


324  APPENDIX,    PART   II 

Hill,    Henry;    major.  Haulback,    Jno.    W. 

Holliday,  Waller.  Humphreys,  Alex. 

Holliday,   A.    L.    (Major  Jones    Batty.)    captured. 

Isemann,    Isaac.  Pace,    Hilery    P. 

Jenkins,   Henry;   colonel.  Pendleton,    Phil.;    killed. 

King,    Dr.    W.   W.  Preston,   Walter  C.;   wounded. 

Lowney,    Geo.   T.  Perry,    Benj. 

Loyd,  David.  Pinkney. 

Martin,   W.    L.  Pritchett,  J.  W. 

Martin,   Pat.  Page,    H.   C. 

Madison,    Jack.  Pattie,  J.  M. 

Marshall,   S.   M.  Pritchett,  H.  W. 

Maupin,  Gary.  Rpdes,  Tom. 

Maupin,  B.  F.  Ricks,  Jno.  W. 

Massie,   E.   B.  Rodes,  Jas. 

McEntire,    Malcolm    G.  Roller,   A.    B. 

Mallary,    Andrew.  Roller,  John   Housell. 

Miller,  James.  Roller   George  S. 

Milton,  Turney;   captured.  Rodes,   Schuyler. 

Miles,  B.  B.  Riley,  Jno. 

Norvel,    Wm.;    killed. 

Railey,  L.  R.  Jr.  captured  at   Spot.  C.  H. 

Strange,  Tucker.  Thacker,  Wm.,  Jr. 

Shepherd,  Jas.  S.  M.  Thompson. 

Sinclair,    C.    G.  Timberlake,   Jno.   W. 

Shreve,  A.  Via,   Lyman;   killed. 

Sneed,   Milo.  Wills,  Ben. 

Sneed.  Wills,  Wm.    S. 

Starke,   A.   W.  Wills,  Alex. 

Scantling,  W.   N.  Waddell,  Alex. 

Shiflett,  L.  G.  Wash,  P.  T. 

Sprouse,  L.  K.  Wyant,  James  R. 

Smith,  Ira  G.  Wood,   Ed.  S. 

Shiflett,  Anfield;  captured.  Wood,  Jno.  R. 

Timberlake,  W.  Clark.  Wheat,  Alonzo. 

Terrell,  John  A.  White.   Thos.    B.;    killed. 

Terrell,    N.    A.;   killed.  Waltom,    Chap. 

Thacker,  Wm.  Wade,    Good. 

ALBEMARLE  ARTILLERY,  EVERETT  REGIMENT, 
SOUTHALL'S  BATTERY. 

Captain,  Wm.  H.  Southall;  resigned. 

First  lieutenant,  W.  Leroy  Brown;   resigned;   Lt.   Col.   Ordnance. 
First  lieutenant,  Green  Peyton;  resigned;  Major  and  A.  A.  General. 
Second   lieutenant,    David    Watson;    resigned;    Major   of   Artillery 
Orderly   sergeant,    M.    N.    Fleming;   commissioned    Ajs.   Surgeon. 
Quartermaster   sergeant,   James    Ross;   resigned. 

Sergeant,  John   D.  Watson;   commissioned  Lieutenant;   Ajgt.   57  Vir- 
ginia   Regiment. 

Sergeant,   Howe    P.    Cochran;   commissioned    Lieutenant   Ordnance. 
Sergeant,  Wm.  Thurmond;  commissioned   Lieutenant   Miss.   Infantry. 
Captain,  J.  W.   Wyatt;   Captain   Artillery;   killed. 
First   lieutenant,   Charles   M.    Rivers;   killed. 
Sergenat,   Drury   W.   Brunley;   Orderly   Sergeant. 
Corporal,  Robert  Falligant;   Sergeant;   Captain  Artillery. 


APPENDIX,   PART   II  325 

Corporal,   G.  W.   Richards;  commissioned   Ajs.   Surgeon. 
Corporal,    Fred    W.    Page;    detailed    Quartermaster. 
Corporal,  Henry  T.  Coalter;  Sergeant;  Lieutenant  Adjutant  53rd  Vir- 
ginia  Infantry. 

Corporal,    C.    F.   Johnson;    Captain    Artillery. 
Corporal,  Ed.  T.  Harrison;  Sergeant;  Lieutenant  Artillery. 
Corporal,  W.   K.   Woodhouse;    Lieutenant   Artillery. 
Corporal,  Ernest  'Blum;  transferred. 
Corporal,  John  P.  Michie;  discharged. 
Corporal,  John   Selden;   Sergeant;   Lieutenant   Ordnance. 
Corporal,  G.  H.   Catterton;   discharged. 
Corporal,   G.   W.    Gentry;   deserted. 

PRIVATES. 

Anderson,  W.   R.;  deserted. 

Ayers.  Wm.   P.  Ayers;  captured  at  Earlysville. 

Boyd,  Charles.  Bellamy,   F.  W.;  died  in  hospital. 

Burnley,  W.   R.  Bass,  J.  C.;  discharged  in  1862. 

Bellamy,  James  W.  Becks,  J.   W. 

Bibb,   Henry   H.;   captured  at  Appomattox  Court   House. 
Bailey,  John  A.;  died  at  home. 
Brown,  James  R.;  wounded  at  Cold   Harbor. 
Bishop,   Jonathan. 

Byers,  W.  M.;  served  at  Appomattox  Court  House. 
Byers,  John. 

Bronaugh,  W.   L. ;  Ajs.   Surgeon. 
Bronaugh,   F.  S. 
Bruce,  James  H.;  discharged. 
Burch,  Samuel;  in  Lynchburg  in  1898. 
Benson,  Charles  P. 

Clark,  Geo.  M.;  discharged  and  reenlisted  in  1864. 
Carr,  James  B.;  corporal.  Carper  or  Casper,  A.  G. 

Carr,  Geo.   W. ;   discharged.  Cole,  J.  L. ;  discharged. 

Craddock,   S.    G.  Chapman,  N.  T. ;  discharged. 

Chimsolm,  Wm.;  killed.  Collins,  Tandy;  died  in  hospital 

Clements.  Louis;  wounded  at  Cold   Harbor. 
Clements,  R.  M.;  killed  at  Cold  Harbor. 
Davis,  R.  O.;  dead.  Davis,    M.   V. 

Davis,   P.  M.  Davis,  D.  H. 

Davis,  B.  F.  Davis,  James   E. 

Davis,   E.   A.;    deserted. 

Darnella,  H.  M.;  discharged  in  1862  on  account  of  age. 
Delake,  Wm.;  killed  at  Petersburg. 
Dobbs,  Ira;  died  in  Charlottesville  Hospital. 
Dodd,  C.   G. ;  surrendered  at  Appomattox  Court  House;   dead. 
Dobbins,    David;   wounded   at    Cold    Harbor;    dead. 
Dowell,  C.  R.;  died  in  hospital. 
Dollins,   J.    B.;    discharged. 
Drumheller,   L.   A.;  discharged   in   1862. 
Derryer;   discharged. 

Early,   Wm.   J.;    discharged;   drowned   in   Mechums   River. 
Eddins,   C.   C.;   dead. 
Fitz,   John   W. 

Fitz,  Thos.   P.;  transferred   to   Cavalry. 
Fleming,   Geo.  W.;  discharged. 

Gibson,   R.;   surrendered   at   Appomattox   Court    House. 
Gibson,  J.  W. ;   surrendered  at  Appomattox  Court   House. 


APPENDIX,  PAST   II 

Garrison,  Win.;  surrendered  at  Appomattox  Court   House. 
Garland,   Goodrich;  discharged  for  disability. 
Garth.  D.  G.;  wooded  and  died  at  home. 
Garner.  E.  W.;  wounded  accidentally  and  discharged. 
Garrison.  Austin,  detailed. 

Garrison,  Chap;  dJM  imged  on  account  of  age. 
Gibson.  M.  B.;  discharged  on  account  of  disability. 
Gfflespie.  Nap;  dead. 
Gatm,  A.  P. 
3snM9)   JUhett. 

Goodman.  J.   D.;  discharged. 
Goodwin.  Jas.  E.:  died  in  hospital. 
Goodson  or  Goodwin.  Wm.:   Ritters  Battery. 
Garrison,  Geo.  T.;  discharged. 
Goodwin,  F.  C;  discharged. 
Goodwin,  Julius;  discharged. 
Gibson,  A. 

Garrison,  A.;  discharged. 

Holly.  G.  D.;  surrendered  at  Appomattox  Court  Honse. 
Barlow.  A.  M. 
Harlow.  G.  W. 

Harlow,  H.   M.:  discharged  in   1M2. 
Harris,  R.  J.;  discharged  on  account  of  age. 
Harris,  David;  died  in  hospital.     Houchens.  Geo.  T.;  dead. 
Harris,  J.  G.;  died  in  hospital.         Houchens,   J.   C. 
Harris.  R_   F.  Houchens.  Jno.   F. 

Harris,  James  E.  Houchens.   \V.   T.;   dead. 

Hartnagie.  Andrew.  Honchens,   R.   L.;   dead. 

Higgins,  R.  S.  Houchens.   G.   W.;   discharged. 

Head,  G.  V.;  surrendered  at  Appomattox  Court  Honse. 
Hall,  Marion. 
Henderson,  Jno.  A.;  dead, 
Hughes.  Elijah;  killed. 

Hughes,  Richard;  discharged  on  account  of  age. 
Harris,  H.  F.  Johnson,  J.   W.;  discharged. 

Hart,  W.  P.;  discharged.  Jones.  Thos.  R.;  killed. 

Jackson,  Warrick;  died.  Jones,  A. 

Jackson,  Ira;  died.  Kirby.   Wm.   G.;   discharged. 

Kirby.  Wm.  R.;  died  Dec.  7.  191». 
Keller.  Geo.;  wounded  and  died  in  X.  C. 
Keller,   Wm.;   wounded   and   died   in   hospital. 
Keys,  Wm.;  killed. 

Key,  Wm.;  surrendered  at  Appomattox   Court   House. 
KiHcolfin,  Pat;  surrendered  at  Appomattox  Court  House. 
Lacey,  Tim. 
Lewis,  J.  M. 

Phillip 


Little,  Charles  or  C.  If.;  surrendered  at  Appomattox  Court  House. 
Lnikenhawkes.  H.;  wounded  and   killed   at   Cold   Harbor. 
1,mtm*Am    Henry.  Luckett.  H.  W.:  discharged. 

Meeks,  Hiram.;  discharged.  Mannoni.  Andrew:   discharged. 

Mclntee,  Thos.;  discharged.  Minor.  C.  C.;  sergeant 

Manpin,  James  R.;  transferred;  killed  at  Gettysburg. 
Maupin,  R,  W.;  surrendered  at  Appomatox  Court   House. 
..'-.'.   •  '.'      '  --  r~".  -  - 
Madison,  Wm.;  wounded  at  Dunpals  Station. 


FART  n  327 

Madison,  T.  W. 
MeLaaghfia,  J.  W. 

.   .    '_  ~  1" "--  ~         _  "  ~z.  ~   t  r        '    f      '  '-  ~  ^  ~-  - 

Mundav.  T.  H.;  died  in  hospital 

Michie,  H.  R.;  transferred  ia 

Michie.  T.  A;  cc 

Michie.  J.  W. 

McAllister.  Js 

McAllister,  John;  wounded  at 

McAllister,  Richard;  transferred  to  56th   Regt 

McAllister,  Be.;    miuadVn'ri    at  Appomatox  Coart  Hoase. 

:   i-    i        -    7  McDaaieJ,  Jaanes 

Merriaa,  Wm.  McDamd,  Thos. 

Miller,  Joseph;  detailed.  t  I 

Murray,  Wat.  H.;  kaVd  at  Cold  Harbor. 

Merritt,  G.  T.;  sarrendered  at  Appomatox  Court 

Moody,  Wm. 

Moody,   Robt.;  iaiiiadticd  at  Appomatox   Court   Hoase. 

McKennie,  James;   •  naadrd  and  died  in  X,  C 

Ximmon,  Henry;  killed. 

Phiffips,  B.  S.;  ^"n^a'C*^  on  account  of  age. 

Perry,  Jao.  J.;  killed  at  Cold  Harbor. 

Pace,  Joseph;  sarreadered  at  Appoantox  Coart  Hoase. 

Pagfa.  £.  A:  died  in   Hospital  Fort  Monroe. 

Paynes,  J-  E.;  House  Sergeaat. 

Parrott,  Geo.  \^.;  discharged. 

Pleasants,  P.  B .';  died  ia  Hospital 
Payne,  Jaaies. 

PeadletotL,  W'm.;  sarreaaeied  at  Appoatatox  Coart  Hoase. 

PollanL  Lee. 

Pollard,  C  T.;  killed  at  Cold   Harbor. 

Powers,  Jaaies;  destilcd.  Rhoades,  J.  M.; 

Ramsey,  H.  R.;  discharged.  Rhodes,  T.  L; 

Rc>wan.  Jaaes;  dtMhaigcd. 

RavDor,  Jao.  D.;  sanendered  at  Ajipiaailliu   Coart  Hoase. 

d. -.  i _ir._ j    T *  .  j-Irfc1_-^MLj 

LIHjl  Kgiiva^i,    JDO.    A.,    aouBuKjea. 

aaett.  R.;  discharged.  Scraggs.  Wm.;  dJ^Jkugcd 

Shtaett,  A_;  seat  to  hospital  Santh,   WaL  P.;  discharge 

Santh,  Joha  F.;  dead.  ^ 

Sanni,  G.  \vUfis;  waaded  at  Gettysharg. 

Smith.   G    W.  Snvder.  D.  S  Sayder,  C  B. 

?-j:::r     .-.?-*  ?'-::*.    .":"  f-::f     ".'- 

T  h  ompfans,  C.  G.;  Orderly  Sergeaat;  deaflL 
Taylor,  Jeff  R.;  transferred. 

Taylor,  John;  .tautadurd  at  Apppoaxattox  Coart  Hoase. 
--, ••-.-     >:       :-:  Thornlev,    ' 

---    --    : -^   i     ifm-cfi  TavJor,  Wat;  dead. 

Troctor,   Geo.;  duchjugcd.  TerreO.  O.  H.  P.; 

Terr?  i-  -=.-ct:  Tfcbs,  Jmo.  W.; 

7r.:rr.;>:r     N'  :-:      k     1 1    i:     I  -    :     Hi-:  :- 
>    i       -     ..       f;'     r  ~  ; t*7  "    i:     -. :  T  : ..  L"  :  \     .  :     ~T    . .  :  uft 
Voigbt.  L;  discharged.  Walker,  J.  A 

Woods,  J.  W.;  discharged.  Walker.  J.  £.;  discharged. 


328 


APPENDIX,    PART   II 


Woods,   P.   E.;  discharged.  Walker,   L.  A.;   wounded. 

Woods,  J.   R.  Wayland,  James;  discharged. 

Woods,  Iral  G. ;  discharged.  Ward,  Joseph;  discharged. 

Woods,   W.    R.  Ward,   R.   H. 

Ward,  H.  T.;  surrendered  at  Appomattox  Court  House. 

Woodson;  T.   E. 

Woodson,   T.    S.;    died   in   hospital. 

Woodson,  A.  J.;  transferred  to  56th  Regiment. 

Walton,  J.   R.;  discharged. 

Walton,  G.  E.  T. ;  surrendered  at  Appomattox  Court  House. 

Wilkerson.  Jno.  A. 

Whitehurst,  L. ;  wounded  at  Cold   Harbor. 

Wilson,   H.;   deserted. 

Woods,  J.   Warrick. 

Wood,    Eli. 

Wood,  L.   S.;  wounded  at   Williamsport,   Md. 

Proved   by  James    Ross  and    D.   W.   Burnley. 

Teste: 

D.  W.  Burnley,  Dep.  Clerk. 

Under    the  'reorganization    in     1862     the    following     officers    \\ere 
elected,  viz.: 

Captain,  James  W.  Wyatt;  killed  at  Cold  Harbor. 

First   lieutenant,   Charles   M.   Rives;   killed   at   Cold    Harbor. 

Second   lieutenant,   C.    F.   Johnson. 

Third   lieutenant,   W.   K.   Woodhouse. 


STURDIVANT'S  VIRGINIA  BATTERY,  TWELFTH 
BATTALION,   C.   S.  A. 

Captain,  N.  A.  Sturdivant,   Richmond,   Va. ;  captured  and   exchanged 

as  Pro.  Maj. 

First  lieutenant,  T.   W.    Hewett,   Richmond,  Va.;    resigned/ 
Second    lieutenant,    W.    H.    Weiseger,    Richmond,    Va.;    wounded 
Third  lieutenant,  C.  T.  Darracott;  wounded  and  promoted  to  Captain. 
Fourth   lieutenant,  iB.   H.   Garrell,   Culpeper;   wounded  and  promotedi 
Laurece,  J.  C.  E.;  first  sergeant. 
Gilliam,  Dr.   F.   F. ;  surgeon. 
Thompson,   Dr,   Wady;   assistant   surgeon. 
Jenkins,  C.  J.;  second   sergeant. 
Day,   Edward;   third  sergeant. 
Shepherd,   D.   A.;   fourth   sergeant. 
Brown,  Jno.  A.;  fifth  sergeant. 
Reppeto,  James  T.;  wounded   and  died. 
Lee,  John;   first  corporal. 
Jefferies,  R.  C.;  second  corporal. 
Harris,  W.   D.;   third   corporal. 
Brown,   H.  N.;  fourth  corporal. 
Pendleton,   H.  iC.;   fifth   corporal. 

Bradley,   W.   W.;   sixth    corporal;   wounded   at   Petersburg. 
Patton,   H.   M.;   seventh   corporal. 
Bibb,    James, D.;    eighth    corporal. 
Darracott,   Geo.   T.;   ninth   corporal. 
Cosier,   J.   S.   S.;   tenth   corporal. 


APPENDIX,   PART   II 


329 


Maxwell,  W.  H.;  sergeant. 

Sowell,   B.  A.;   quarter  master  sergeant. 

Smith,  J.  R.  W. 

Jamison,    Phillip;    bugler. 

Thurman,  B.  F.;  artillery. 

Orster,  Dr.  R.;  artillery. 

Lang,    N.    J.;    artillery. 

Locker,  Jno.   A.;   artillery. 


PRIVATES. 


Atkinson,   Presley. 

Blackwell,  Joseph. 

Brown,  R.  H. 

Brown,   C.   F.;   died   since   war. 

Brown,  E.  P.;  killed. 

Burton,   Robert. 

Burton,  Jno.  L. 

Bell,  James  T. 

Bell,  C.  W.;  deserted. 

Birdsong,  J.  T.  J. 


Bowler,   W.  W.;  died   since  war.    Hall,   Wiley. 


Edwards,    H.   C.;  wounded. 
Ferguson,   Jas.    R.;   captured. 
Gladden,  Isaiah;  deserted. 
Goodwin,   A.  T. 
Goodwyn,  A.  M. 
Gwathmey,   W.   O.   P. 
Goss,  Lynn  L. 
Groome,  J.   C.;  wounded. 
Harris,  Joe  E. 
Hall,   Broker,   C. 


Boyd,   P.  P.;  teamster. 

Boyd,  W.  W.;  teamster. 

Boyd,  Thos.  P.;  teamster. 

Boyd,  James;  teamster. 

Beck;  killed. 

Buck.  J.  H. 

Boiling,   Thos. 

Carver,  R.  A.;  died  in  service. 

Carver,  J.  D.;  died  in  service. 

Carver,   L.   C.;   wounded. 

Childs,  W.   F. 

Cobb,   Geo.   E.;  killed. 

Duff,  B.  R. 

Darracott,  Jno.   V. 

Darricott,    Robt. 

Dobie,   James;    wounded. 

Dobie,  R.  A. 

Dobie,   John;   wounded. 

Drumight,   J.    E.;   wounded. 


Hamm,  H.   H.;  died. 
Howlett,   Wm. 
Hoffman,   J.   J. 
Isbell.  T.   H. 
Jackson,   Felix   C. 
Jackson,   C.   F. 
Jamison,    Minnis. 
Johnson,  W.  F. 
Johnston,  W.   F. 
Jacobs,   Wm. ;   killed. 
Jefferies,    John    E. 
Jennings,   H.   P. 
Jennings,  Toby. 
King. 

Locker,  J.   M. 
Locker,    George. 
Lamb,   Montgomery. 
Lamb,   Reuben;  wounded. 
Lamb,  Thomas. 


Davis,  B.  C.;  wounded  at  Petersburg. 

Daniel,   G.   T.  Edmondson,  B.  W.;  died  in  service. 


Lilly,  Wm. 

Marhanes,  W.   S. 

Moore,  Nathan;  deserted. 

Moore,   W.  T. 

Mahard,   W.   H.   B. 

Mahanes,  Charles. 

Munday,   James   W.;    captured. 

Maupin,  Thos.   R. ;  wounded. 

Major,  Wm.;   wounded   at   Petersburg. 

Major,   Samuel.  Noel,  W.   M. 

Mason.  Obenchine,    W.    F. 

Marks,   Samuel.  Pollard,  J.  H. 

Norford,  J.   .M.  Potts,  R. 

Norford,  T.  G. 


Maupin,  N.  J. 
Maupin,  B.  P. 
Maupin,   W.   W. 
Munford,  E.  W. 
Marshall,   G.   W. 
Martin,   Peter. 
Martin,  Jas. 


330 


APPENDIX,    PART   II 


Peake,   George;   wounded   at   Petersburg. 

Pritchett,  Thos.  W.;   wounded.        Sandridge,   G.    M. 

Pritchett,  John;  died  in  service. 

Pettman. 

Pride. 

Rhodes,  D.  R. 

Rippeto,  John   E.;  wounded. 

Richardson,   Chas. 

Roe,   E. 

Sandridge,  J.  D.;  died  in  service. 

Shepherd,    Henry;    captured   and   wounded. 

Via,  J.  W. 

Via,  C.  E. 

Via,  P.  M. 

Via,  J.  D. 

Wood,  Jeff. 

White,  Mose. 


Sandridge,  Ira  L. 

Shiflett,    H.   B. 

Shiflett,  Thos.  S. 

Shiflett,   M.   B. 

Shiflett,  Anfield. 

Sisk,    Lemuel;    deserted. 

Simpson,   Louis;   deserted. 


Simms,  A.   M. 

Stewart,  P.  H. 

Salmon,  J.   H. 

Salmon,  L.  M. 

Short,  R.  A.;  badly  wounded. 

Smith,  G.  M. 


Turner,  Geo.  W. 
Taliaferro,  D.  A. 
Thacker,  E.  A. 
Tompkins,  A.  J. 
Thompkins,  Thos.  W. 
Timberlake,   died   in   service. 
Usedom,  Theo. 
Urquhurst,  M.   M. 
Urquhart,   Burgess. 
Vaughan,  Asa. 
Via,  H.  W. 
Via,  C.  F. 
Via,   J.    R. 


White,  J.   Nimmo. 

Whyte,   Edward. 

Walton,  J.  T. 

Walton,  D.   F. 

Walton,    E.    R. 

Walton,    M.    P. 

Walton,  C.  R. 

Whitehurst,   J.    W. 

West. 

Waldrop,  Robert. 

Yeamains,  J.  W.;  died  in  service. 

Zimmerman,    A.;    killed. 


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